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The aim of this study is to examine K12 students' preferences and attitudes on mobile learning. In this study, causal-comparative method was used. The sample of the study were 236 students (127 females, 109 males) at K12 level. The students are enrolled in primary (n=104), secondary (n=77), and high school (n=55) levels. The data in the study were collected through a questionnaire. According to the results, watching videos, playing music, playing games, taking a picture, accessing the Internet are the most common uses of mobile devices for the students. The students' attitudes towards mobile learning is highly positive. The male students' perceived ease of use towards mobile learning is higher than females. The secondary and high school students' perceived ease of use is higher than primary school students. Moreover, the high school students' desire for learning is higher than the others. Implications were discussed in terms of practices for mobile learning in K12, and directions for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humanoid robots equipped with social skills have come to be used increasingly in the field of education across various subfields such as science education, special education, and foreign language education. In order to enhance the use of humanoid robots in educational settings, and to comprehensively evaluate its impact on the transformation of the class, understanding students' attitudes towards the use of robots for educational purposes plays a critical role. This paper outlines the implementation and validation procedures of an educational robot attitude scale (ERAS) developed to measure the attitudes of secondary school students towards the use of humanoid robots in educational settings. The sample of the study comprised of 232 secondary school students. The development and validation process consisted of exploratory factor analysis and convergent validity. The developed scale consists of 17 items and represents four factors of students' attitude: engagement, enjoyment, anxiety and intention. These four factors accounted for 66% of the total variance of the scale. Internal consistency coefficient for the whole scale was found.90 according to the reliability analysis. The results of the study suggest that the scale is a valid, reliable, and efficient tool for measuring the dimensions of students' attitudes towards humanoid robots in educational settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigated pre-service teachers' motivation, learning strategies, and engagement in a situated learning based educational technology course. In this study, correlational research design was used. The sample of this study was 65 second year science education pre-service teachers. The data were collected through two questionnaires. Descriptive and multiple linear regression analyses were carried out. According to the results, pre-service teachers' engagement and motivation were at a high level; they mostly used sophisticated learning strategies such as organization, elaboration, critical thinking, and metacognitive self-regulation. The results also indicated that the significant predictors of engagement were organization, task value, and effort regulation. Critical thinking, effort regulation, organization, and peer learning strategies were significant predictors of metacognitive selfregulation. The findings are discussed in detail in this paper, and implications are offered for both future studies and the design of effective courses in situated learning based educational technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to determine preschool children's attitudes towards augmented reality picture books (ARPB), their story comprehension performance (SCP) and the relationships between these variables. The sample consisted of 92 five- and six-year-olds (49 boys, 43 girls). An attitude form, story comprehension test and interview form were used as data collection tools. Most of the children reported feeling 'very happy' with the activity and enjoyed using the ARPB, which they found interesting and fun. The children also delivered strong story SCP. Their happiness was found to affect their SCP, while their enjoyment did not. ARPB are attractive and evocative for children, who perceive them as magic and more enjoyable than conventional books. This study demonstrates how they can be used as effective educational tools to improve preschool children's cognition and listening skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Although there are studies evaluating the effects of periodontal health on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the effects of COPD - a systemic disease, on periodontal tissue is unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of COPD on periodontal tissues by comparing COPD patients and controls. Methods: Fifty-two COPD patients and 38 non-COPD controls were included in this case-control study. Number of teeth, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level and probing depth were included in the periodontal examination. In addition to clinical evaluations, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-1 beta (IL-l b) and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2), and serum hs-CRP levels were measured in COPD patients and the controls. Results: The number of teeth was significantly lower while PI and GI were significantly higher in COPD patients when compared to the controls. As well as serum hs-CRP levels, the GCF levels of hs-CRP, IL-1 b and PGE2 were significantly higher in COPD patients than the controls. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that COPD may be associated with periodontal disease as manifested by lower number of teeth and higher levels of inflammatory mediators especially CRP in GCF. This finding may be a reflection of systemic effects of COPD on periodontal tissues. Poor oral health behavior of COPD patients have to be considered in larger size group studies in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hormonal changes during puberty, pregnancy, and menopause may impact periodontal tissues by altering the host response. There are only a few studies that examined gingival changes during the menstrual cycle. This longitudinal and prospective study aims to investigate clinical and laboratory markers of gingival inflammation in women at different phases during their menstrual cycles. Methods: Twenty-seven females were included in this study. Subjects were given oral hygiene instructions before the study, and their plaque index scores were recorded once a week for 2 months. The duration and regularity of the menstrual cycle were also checked at the same time. The gingival index and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded. Probing depths were measured to assess the periodontal condition of the subjects. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected to analyze the levels of interleukin (IL)-113 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on the first menstruation day (MD), estimated ovulation day (OD), and estimated predominant progesterone secretion day (PgD). These exact menstrual cycle days were determined according to serum progesterone and estradiol levels. Results: BOP and IL-1β levels in GCF showed significant increases from the MD to PgD under optimal plaque control. Among the 12 subjects that had premenstrual symptoms, six subjects reported oral complaints during the premenstrual period, whereas apthous lesions were more frequent during the menstruation period. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the fluctuation of sex steroid hormones impact gingival inflammation during menstruation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hormonal changes during puberty, pregnancy, and menopause may impact periodontal tissues by altering the host response. There are only a few studies that examined gingival changes during the menstrual cycle. This longitudinal and prospective study aims to investigate clinical and laboratory markers of gingival inflammation in women at different phases during their menstrual cycles., Methods: Twenty-seven females were included in this study. Subjects were given oral hygiene instructions before the study, and their plaque index scores were recorded once a week for 2 months. The duration and regularity of the menstrual cycle were also checked at the same time. The gingival index and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded. Probing depths were measured to assess the periodontal condition of the subjects. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected to analyze the levels of interleukin (IL)-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on the first menstruation day (MD), estimated ovulation day (OD), and estimated predominant progesterone secretion day (PgD). These exact menstrual cycle days were determined according to serum progesterone and estradiol levels., Results: BOP and IL-1beta levels in GCF showed significant increases from the MD to PgD under optimal plaque control. Among the 12 subjects that had premenstrual symptoms, six subjects reported oral complaints during the premenstrual period, whereas apthous lesions were more frequent during the menstruation period., Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the fluctuation of sex steroid hormones impact gingival inflammation during menstruation.