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51. Dynamic Myocardial Perfusion CT for the Detection of Hemodynamically Significant Coronary Artery Disease

Author

Nous, Fay M.A., Geisler, Tobias, Kruk, Mariusz B.P., Alkadhi, Hatem, Kitagawa, Kakuya, Vliegenthart, Rozemarijn, Hell, Michaela M., Hausleiter, Jörg, Nguyen, Patricia K., Budde, Ricardo P.J., Nikolaou, Konstantin, Kepka, Cezary, Manka, Robert, Sakuma, Hajime, Malik, Sachin B., Coenen, Adriaan, Zijlstra, Felix, Klotz, Ernst, van der Harst, Pim, Artzner, Christoph, Dedic, Admir, Pugliese, Francesca, Bamberg, Fabian, and Nieman, Koen

Published
2022
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52. Findings of the Study

Author

Pawlak, Mirosław, Zawodniak, Joanna, Kruk, Mariusz, Pawlak, Mirosław, Series Editor, Zawodniak, Joanna, and Kruk, Mariusz

Published
2020
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55. Design of the Study

Author

Pawlak, Mirosław, Zawodniak, Joanna, Kruk, Mariusz, Pawlak, Mirosław, Series Editor, Zawodniak, Joanna, and Kruk, Mariusz

Published
2020
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72. Investigating in-class and after-class boredom among advanced learners of English: intensity, interrelationships and learner profiles.

Author

Pawlak, Mirosław, Kruk, Mariusz, Csizér, Kata, and Zawodniak, Joanna

Subjects
IMPLICIT learning, COLLEGE majors, BOREDOM, LANGUAGE & languages, COLLEGE students, EMOTIONS
Abstract

Although the number of studies into boredom in second and/or foreign language (L2) learning is evidently on the rise and our understanding of this negative emotion has been considerably extended, surprisingly, empirical evidence is still scant with respect to boredom experienced in out-of-school situations. This study addresses this gap by: (1) examining the relative contribution of factors underlying in-class and after-class boredom, (2) investigating relationships among these factors, (3) identifying distinct learner profiles connected with these factors, and (4) exploring the role of group-related variables in this respect. The data were collected from 107 Polish university students majoring in English through two tools designed for this purpose. The results demonstrated that in-class and after-class boredom are distinct yet multidimensional constructs and factors underpinning them cannot be easily separated. Four in-class and after-class boredom-specific cluster groups were identified and the impact of gender and attainment measures for some of these factors was found. Future research directions are discussed as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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74. Revisiting after-class boredom via exploratory structural equation modeling.

Author

Pawlak, Mirosław, Solhi, Mehdi, Elahi Shirvan, Majid, Kruk, Mariusz, and Taherian, Tahereh

Subjects
BOREDOM, EMOTIONS, STRUCTURAL equation modeling, CONFIRMATORY factor analysis, QUESTIONNAIRES
Abstract

Boredom has recently become the subject of inquiry in L2 studies, which has resulted, among others, in the development and validation of several boredom-measuring scales, mostly through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). However, such analytical procedures are not free from limitations and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) can be applied to overcome them. CFA has also been used to validate the Boredom in Learning English Outside of School Questionnaire (BLEOS), an instrument which taps into recently conceptualized after-class boredom, revealing the extent to which students are likely to feel bored when they attempt to practice the target language outside the classroom as well as factors underpinning this negative emotion in such contexts. The present study sought to revisit the BLEOS scale to determine (1) whether the factor structure of the BLEOS is supported by ESEM and bifactor ESEM, (2) how stable the results are across gender, and (3) the criterion-related validity of the BLEOS scale. In doing so, the CFA and ESEM models (i.e., standard and bifactor CFA as well as standard and bifactor ESEM models) were compared to identify which model(s) would exhibit better fit indices for the measure in question. A total of 433 students majoring in English, 120 males and 313 females, participated in this study. It was revealed that while the CFA model provided an inflated factor correlation and unacceptable model fit to the data, ESEM (especially bifactor ESEM) indicated a realistic representation of the data with a good fit. The bi-factor ESEM model of the BLEOS turned out to be stable across gender. Finally, the structural bifactor ESEM model of BLEOS proved to explain learning outcomes modestly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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75. Classroom social climate, growth language mindset, and student engagement: the mediating role of boredom in learning English as a foreign language.

Author

Derakhshan, Ali, Fathi, Jalil, Pawlak, Mirosław, and Kruk, Mariusz

Subjects
ENGLISH as a foreign language, STUDENT engagement, BOREDOM, CLASSROOM environment, CONFIRMATORY factor analysis
Abstract

This study aimed to test a model of classroom social climate, growth language mindset, boredom, and student engagement among English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. In addition, the mediating role of boredom in this structural model was examined. To this end, 287 English major students from various universities in Iran participated in the study by completing valid measures of the four constructs under investigation. The construct validity of the measures was verified through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Moreover, structural equation modelling (SEM) was conducted in order to demonstrate an adequate fit to the data in the study. SEM results demonstrated that classroom social climate and boredom significantly predicated EFL student engagement directly. However, the growth language mindset affected student engagement indirectly, through the mediating effect of boredom. The results might offer a point of departure for future studies and also have significant implications for both EFL learners and instructors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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76. Positive and negative emotions, L2 grit and perceived competence as predictors of L2 motivated behaviour.

Author

Pawlak, Mirosław, Zarrinabadi, Nourollah, and Kruk, Mariusz

Subjects
ENGLISH language education, SECOND language acquisition, ACADEMIC motivation, EMOTIONS, BOREDOM
Abstract

Relatively few studies in the field of second language acquisition have undertaken to investigate the interrelationships of constellations of individual difference variables. This is certainly true of how complexes of ID factors impact motivation to learn an additional language. In order to address this gap, the paper reports a study that examined the ways in which enjoyment, anxiety, boredom, L2 grit and self-perceived competence interact with each other and affect motivated learning behaviour in the case of 238 Iranian students majoring in English. The data were collected through an online questionnaire and, following confirmatory factor analysis, were subjected to path analysis. Among other things, the results showed that intended effort was the consequence of a complex interplay of factors, with the combined impact of these factors not always being obvious. It was also revealed that L2 motivation may in some circumstances be positively influenced by academic emotions that are generally considered to have a detrimental effect on L2 learning (i.e. anxiety, boredom). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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80. Influence of Coronary Calcium on Diagnostic Performance of Machine Learning CT-FFR: Results From MACHINE Registry

Author

Tesche, Christian, Otani, Katharina, De Cecco, Carlo N., Coenen, Adriaan, De Geer, Jakob, Kruk, Mariusz, Kim, Young-Hak, Albrecht, Moritz H., Baumann, Stefan, Renker, Matthias, Bayer, Richard R., Duguay, Taylor M., Litwin, Sheldon E., Varga-Szemes, Akos, Steinberg, Daniel H., Yang, Dong Hyun, Kepka, Cezary, Persson, Anders, Nieman, Koen, and Schoepf, U. Joseph

Published
2020
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82. Diet and Lifestyle Intervention-Induced Pattern of Weight Loss Related to Reduction in Low-Attenuation Coronary Plaque Burden

Author

Henzel, Jan, primary, Kruk, Mariusz, additional, Kępka, Cezary, additional, Makarewicz-Wujec, Magdalena, additional, Wardziak, Łukasz, additional, Trochimiuk, Piotr, additional, Krysztofiak, Hubert, additional, Dąbrowski, Rafał, additional, Dzielińska, Zofia, additional, Maurovich-Horvat, Pál, additional, and Demkow, Marcin, additional

Published
2024
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83. The Use of Internet Resources and Browser-Based Virtual Worlds in Teaching Grammar

Author

Kruk, Mariusz

Abstract

Online virtual worlds are becoming important tools in foreign/second language instruction in view of the fact that they enhance learner motivation, promote autonomy and social presence in a 3D environment. Virtual worlds are a type of reality in which students can meet and communicate with other learners in the target language using text, voice or video as well as share ideas related to language learning. Furthermore, virtual worlds provide learners with the opportunity to take part in virtual language courses or lessons as well as visit places connected with the target language culture. The aim of the study reported in this paper was to investigate the effectiveness of using online activities and a browser-based virtual world in teaching the second conditional in English. The sample consisted of 27 Polish senior high school students who were randomly divided into two groups: the treatment group (N = 13) and the control group (N = 14). The data were obtained by means of a grammar test administered before (prestest) and after the treatment (immediate posttest and two delayed posttests), a background questionnaire as well as an evaluation sheet, were analyzed quantitatively. The results indicate that the treatment students benefited from the instruction with the benefits being visible not only immediately after the treatment but also after four and eight weeks later.

Published
2014

84. Helping Students to Learn the English Second Conditional by Blending Internet Resources with Virtual Worlds: The Results of a Study

Author

Kruk, Mariusz

Abstract

The paper presents the results of a study whose main aim was to investigate the effectiveness of using Internet resources and a browser-based virtual world in helping a group of students to learn the English second conditional. The sample consisted of thirteen third year students studying English at a Polish senior high school. The data were obtained by means of a grammar test administered before (pretest) and after the intervention (immediate and two delayed posttests), a background questionnaire and an evaluation sheet. The data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results indicate that the instruction aided the subjects in using the target structure more correctly, not only immediately after the intervention but also in the long run. What is more, the students considered the lessons as a great learning opportunity.

Published
2013

85. Assessing the value of coronary artery computed tomography as the first-line anatomical test for stable patients with indications for invasive angiography due to suspected coronary artery disease. Initial cost analysis in the CAT-CAD randomized trial

Author

Rudziński, Piotr Nikodem, Kruk, Mariusz, Kępka, Cezary, Schoepf, U. Joseph, Otani, Katharina, Leonard, Tyler J., Dębski, Mariusz, Dzielińska, Zofia, Pręgowski, Jerzy, Witkowski, Adam, Rużyłło, Witold, and Demkow, Marcin

Published
2020
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86. Noncalcified plaque burden quantified from coronary computed tomography angiography improves prediction of side branch occlusion after main vessel stenting in bifurcation lesions: results from the CT-PRECISION registry

Author

Grodecki, Kajetan, Cadet, Sebastien, Staruch, Adam D., Michalowska, Anna M., Kepka, Cezary, Wolny, Rafal, Pregowski, Jerzy, Kruk, Mariusz, Debski, Mariusz, Debski, Artur, Michalowska, Ilona, Slomka, Piotr J., Witkowski, Adam, Dey, Damini, and Opolski, Maksymilian P.

Published
2021
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87. Examining predictive effects of general grit and L2 grit on motivated behavior: The mediating effect of self-perceived proficiency

Author

Pawlak, Miroslaw, Chengchen, Li, Zawodniak, Joanna, Kruk, Mariusz, Pawlak, Miroslaw, Chengchen, Li, Zawodniak, Joanna, and Kruk, Mariusz

Abstract

Following a recent surge of interest in the role of personality traits in second language learning, this study focuses on L2 grit as an important individual difference factor that is gaining growing recognition among second language acquisition researchers. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, we examined the predictive effects of general grit and L2 grit on motivated behavior among 549 advanced Polish university students majoring in English and the extent to which these effects were mediated by self-perceived proficiency. Data were collected by means of the Grit Scale (Duckworth et al., 2007), the L2 Grit Scale (Teimouri et al., 2022), the motivated behavior scale (Taguchi et al., 2009), and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that general grit and L2 grit significantly co-predicted motivated behavior, with the effect of L2 grit being more pronounced. However, differences were found for students representing different proficiency levels. The results were corroborated by qualitative analysis of interview data., Ante el reciente aumento en el interés por el papel que desempeñan los rasgos de personalidad en el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua (L2), el presente trabajo se centra en la tenacidad en la L2 (L2 grit), un factor importante de diferencias individuales cada vez más reconocido entre los investigadores de la adquisición de una L2. Adoptando un enfoque metodológico mixto, se examinaron los efectos predictivos de la tenacidad general y la tenacidad en la L2 sobre la motivación de 549 estudiantes universitarios polacos de Estudios Ingleses con nivel avanzado de conocimiento de la lengua, y se analizó el grado en que dichos efectos estaban mediados por su autopercepción del nivel de conocimiento de la L2. Los datos se recogieron mediante la Escala de Tenacidad (Duckworth et al., 2007), la Escala de Tenacidad en L2 (Teimouri et al., 2022), la Escala de Motivación (Taguchi et al., 2009) y entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis cuantitativo demostró que la tenacidad general y la tenacidad en la L2 predijeron de forma conjunta y de manera significativa la motivación de los aprendices, siendo más pronunciado el efecto de la tenacidad en la L2. Sin embargo, se encontraron diferencias entre los participantes dependiendo de su nivel de conocimiento de la L2. Estos resultados se corroboraron mediante el análisis cualitativo de los datos de las entrevistas.

Published
2024

88. Modeling the interaction between teacher credibility, teacher confirmation, and English major students’ academic engagement: A sequential mixed-methods approach

Author

Wang , Yongliang, Kruk, Mariusz, Wang , Yongliang, and Kruk, Mariusz

Abstract

Adopting a sequential mixed-methods approach, the current inquiry examined English major students’ perceptions of the role of teacher confirmation and teacher credibility in enhancing their academic engagement in the Chinese context. In doing so, through WeChat messenger, three scales were provided to 1168 English major students chosen from different English as a foreign language (EFL) classes. For the sake of triangulation, 40 participants were invited to take part in interview sessions as well. The inspection of the correlations between the constructs indicated a strong association between student academic engagement and teacher confirmation as well as a close connection between student academic engagement and teacher credibility. This showed that the academic engagement of Chinese EFL students is tied to these teacher interpersonal behaviors. The contribution of teacher confirmation and credibility to Chinese EFL students’ academic engagement was also examined using path analysis, which demonstrated that Chinese EFL students’ academic engagement was predicted by teacher credibility and confirmation. Additionally, the interview outcomes proved the integral role of these two communication behaviors in increasing Chinese students’ engagement. Findings may have some noteworthy implications for teacher educators and language instructors.

Published
2024

89. Coronary Artery Calcium Score Predicts Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Stable Chest Pain

Author

Biavati, Federico, Saba, Luca, Boussoussou, Melinda, Kofoed, Klaus F., Benedek, Theodora, Donnelly, Patrick, Rodríguez-Palomares, José, Erglis, Andrejs, Štěchovský, Cyril, Šakalytė, Gintarė, Ađić, Nada Čemerlić, Gutberlet, Matthias, Dodd, Jonathan D., Diez, Ignacio, Davis, Gershan, Zimmermann, Elke, Kępka, Cezary, Vidakovic, Radosav, Francone, Marco, Ilnicka-Suckiel, Małgorzata, Plank, Fabian, Knuuti, Juhani, Faria, Rita, Schröder, Stephen, Berry, Colin, Ruzsics, Balazs, Rieckmann, Nina, Kubiak, Christine, Hansen, Kristian Schultz, Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline, Maurovich-Horvat, Pál, Sigvardsen, Per E., Benedek, Imre, Orr, Clare, Valente, Filipa Xavier, Zvaigzne, Ligita, Suchánek, Vojtěch, Jankauskas, Antanas, Ađić, Filip, Woinke, Michael, Cadogan, Diarmaid, Lecumberri, Iñigo, Thwaite, Erica, Kruk, Mariusz, Neskovic, Aleksandar N., Mancone, Massimo, Kuśmierz, Donata, Feuchtner, Gudrun, Pietilä, Mikko, Ribeiro, Vasco Gama, Drosch, Tanja, Delles, Christian, Cau, Riccardo, Fisher, Michael, Merkely, Bela, Kragelund, Charlotte, Aurelian, Rosca, Kelly, Stephanie, del Blanco, Bruno García, Rubio, Ainhoa, Szilveszter, Bálint, Hove, Jens D., Rodean, Ioana, Regan, Susan, Calabria, Hug Cuéllar, Édes, István Ferenc, Larsen, Linnea, Hodas, Roxana, Napp, Adriane E., Haase, Robert, Feger, Sarah, Mohamed, Mahmoud, Serna-Higuita, Lina M., Neumann, Konrad, Dreger, Henryk, Rief, Matthias, Wieske, Viktoria, Budoff, Matthew J., Estrella, Melanie, Martus, Peter, Bosserdt, Maria, Dewey, Marc, Biavati, Federico, Saba, Luca, Boussoussou, Melinda, Kofoed, Klaus F., Benedek, Theodora, Donnelly, Patrick, Rodríguez-Palomares, José, Erglis, Andrejs, Štěchovský, Cyril, Šakalytė, Gintarė, Ađić, Nada Čemerlić, Gutberlet, Matthias, Dodd, Jonathan D., Diez, Ignacio, Davis, Gershan, Zimmermann, Elke, Kępka, Cezary, Vidakovic, Radosav, Francone, Marco, Ilnicka-Suckiel, Małgorzata, Plank, Fabian, Knuuti, Juhani, Faria, Rita, Schröder, Stephen, Berry, Colin, Ruzsics, Balazs, Rieckmann, Nina, Kubiak, Christine, Hansen, Kristian Schultz, Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline, Maurovich-Horvat, Pál, Sigvardsen, Per E., Benedek, Imre, Orr, Clare, Valente, Filipa Xavier, Zvaigzne, Ligita, Suchánek, Vojtěch, Jankauskas, Antanas, Ađić, Filip, Woinke, Michael, Cadogan, Diarmaid, Lecumberri, Iñigo, Thwaite, Erica, Kruk, Mariusz, Neskovic, Aleksandar N., Mancone, Massimo, Kuśmierz, Donata, Feuchtner, Gudrun, Pietilä, Mikko, Ribeiro, Vasco Gama, Drosch, Tanja, Delles, Christian, Cau, Riccardo, Fisher, Michael, Merkely, Bela, Kragelund, Charlotte, Aurelian, Rosca, Kelly, Stephanie, del Blanco, Bruno García, Rubio, Ainhoa, Szilveszter, Bálint, Hove, Jens D., Rodean, Ioana, Regan, Susan, Calabria, Hug Cuéllar, Édes, István Ferenc, Larsen, Linnea, Hodas, Roxana, Napp, Adriane E., Haase, Robert, Feger, Sarah, Mohamed, Mahmoud, Serna-Higuita, Lina M., Neumann, Konrad, Dreger, Henryk, Rief, Matthias, Wieske, Viktoria, Budoff, Matthew J., Estrella, Melanie, Martus, Peter, Bosserdt, Maria, and Dewey, Marc

Abstract

Background Coronary artery calcium (CAC) has prognostic value for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in asymptomatic individuals, whereas its role in symptomatic patients is less clear. Purpose To assess the prognostic value of CAC scoring for MACE in participants with stable chest pain initially referred for invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Materials and Methods This prespecified subgroup analysis from the Diagnostic Imaging Strategies for Patients With Stable Chest Pain and Intermediate Risk of Coronary Artery Disease (DISCHARGE) trial, conducted between October 2015 and April 2019 across 26 centers in 16 countries, focused on adult patients with stable chest pain referred for ICA. Participants were randomly assigned to undergo either ICA or coronary CT. CAC scores from noncontrast CT scans were categorized into low, intermediate, and high groups based on scores of 0, 1–399, and 400 or higher, respectively. The end point of the study was the occurrence of MACE (myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death) over a median 3.5-year follow-up, analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression tests. Results The study involved 1749 participants (mean age, 60 years ± 10 [SD]; 992 female). The prevalence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) at CT angiography rose from 4.1% (95% CI: 2.8, 5.8) in the CAC score 0 group to 76.1% (95% CI: 70.3, 81.2) in the CAC score 400 or higher group. Revascularization rates increased from 1.7% to 46.2% across the same groups (P < .001). The CAC score 0 group had a lower MACE risk (0.5%; HR, 0.08 [95% CI: 0.02, 0.30]; P < .001), as did the 1–399 CAC score group (1.9%; HR, 0.27 [95% CI: 0.13, 0.59]; P = .001), compared with the 400 or higher CAC score group (6.8%). No significant difference in MACE between sexes was observed (P = .68). Conclusion In participants with stable chest pain initially referred for ICA, a CAC score of 0 showed very low risk, Background: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) has prognostic value for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in asymptomatic individuals, whereas its role in symptomatic patients is less clear. Purpose: To assess the prognostic value of CAC scoring for MACE in participants with stable chest pain initially referred for invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Materials and Methods: This prespecified subgroup analysis from the Diagnostic Imaging Strategies for Patients With Stable Chest Pain and Intermediate Risk of Coronary Artery Disease (DISCHARGE) trial, conducted between October 2015 and April 2019 across 26 centers in 16 countries, focused on adult patients with stable chest pain referred for ICA. Participants were randomly assigned to undergo either ICA or coronary CT. CAC scores from noncontrast CT scans were categorized into low, intermediate, and high groups based on scores of 0, 1-399, and 400 or higher, respectively. The end point of the study was the occurrence of MACE (myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death) over a median 3.5-year follow-up, analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression tests. Results: The study involved 1749 participants (mean age, 60 years ± 10 [SD]; 992 female). The prevalence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) at CT angiography rose from 4.1% (95% CI: 2.8, 5.8) in the CAC score 0 group to 76.1% (95% CI: 70.3, 81.2) in the CAC score 400 or higher group. Revascularization rates increased from 1.7% to 46.2% across the same groups (P < .001). The CAC score 0 group had a lower MACE risk (0.5%; HR, 0.08 [95% CI: 0.02, 0.30]; P < .001), as did the 1-399 CAC score group (1.9%; HR, 0.27 [95% CI: 0.13, 0.59]; P = .001), compared with the 400 or higher CAC score group (6.8%). No significant difference in MACE between sexes was observed (P = .68). Conclusion: In participants with stable chest pain initially referred for ICA, a CAC score of 0 showed very low risk of MACE, and higher CAC scores showed increasin

Published
2024

90. Age and Computed Tomography and Invasive Coronary Angiography in Stable Chest Pain:A Prespecified Secondary Analysis of the DISCHARGE Randomized Clinical Trial

Author

Bosserdt, Maria, Serna-Higuita, Lina M, Feuchtner, Gudrun, Merkely, Bela, Kofoed, Klaus F, Benedek, Theodora, Donnelly, Patrick, Rodriguez-Palomares, José, Erglis, Andrejs, Štechovský, Cyril, Šakalyte, Gintare, Adic, Nada Cemerlic, Gutberlet, Matthias, Dodd, Jonathan D, Diez, Ignacio, Davis, Gershan, Zimmermann, Elke, Kepka, Cezary, Vidakovic, Radosav, Francone, Marco, Ilnicka-Suckiel, Malgorzata, Plank, Fabian, Knuuti, Juhani, Faria, Rita, Schröder, Stephen, Berry, Colin, Saba, Luca, Ruzsics, Balazs, Rieckmann, Nina, Kubiak, Christine, Hansen, Kristian Schultz, Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline, Szilveszter, Bálint, Sigvardsen, Per E, Benedek, Imre, Orr, Clare, Valente, Filipa Xavier, Zvaigzne, Ligita, Suchánek, Vojtech, Jankauskas, Antanas, Adic, Filip, Woinke, Michael, Hensey, Mark, Lecumberri, Iñigo, Thwaite, Erica, Laule, Michael, Kruk, Mariusz, Kragelund, Charlotte, Hove, Jens D, Larsen, Linnea, Bosserdt, Maria, Serna-Higuita, Lina M, Feuchtner, Gudrun, Merkely, Bela, Kofoed, Klaus F, Benedek, Theodora, Donnelly, Patrick, Rodriguez-Palomares, José, Erglis, Andrejs, Štechovský, Cyril, Šakalyte, Gintare, Adic, Nada Cemerlic, Gutberlet, Matthias, Dodd, Jonathan D, Diez, Ignacio, Davis, Gershan, Zimmermann, Elke, Kepka, Cezary, Vidakovic, Radosav, Francone, Marco, Ilnicka-Suckiel, Malgorzata, Plank, Fabian, Knuuti, Juhani, Faria, Rita, Schröder, Stephen, Berry, Colin, Saba, Luca, Ruzsics, Balazs, Rieckmann, Nina, Kubiak, Christine, Hansen, Kristian Schultz, Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline, Szilveszter, Bálint, Sigvardsen, Per E, Benedek, Imre, Orr, Clare, Valente, Filipa Xavier, Zvaigzne, Ligita, Suchánek, Vojtech, Jankauskas, Antanas, Adic, Filip, Woinke, Michael, Hensey, Mark, Lecumberri, Iñigo, Thwaite, Erica, Laule, Michael, Kruk, Mariusz, Kragelund, Charlotte, Hove, Jens D, and Larsen, Linnea

Abstract

Importance The effectiveness and safety of computed tomography (CT) and invasive coronary angiography (ICA) in different age groups is unknown. Objective To determine the association of age with outcomes of CT and ICA in patients with stable chest pain. Design, Setting, and Participants The assessor-blinded Diagnostic Imaging Strategies for Patients With Stable Chest Pain and Intermediate Risk of Coronary Artery Disease (DISCHARGE) randomized clinical trial was conducted between October 2015 and April 2019 in 26 European centers. Patients referred for ICA with stable chest pain and an intermediate probability of obstructive coronary artery disease were analyzed in an intention-to-treat analysis. Data were analyzed from July 2022 to January 2023. Interventions Patients were randomly assigned to a CT-first strategy or a direct-to-ICA strategy. Main Outcomes and Measures MACE (ie, cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or stroke) and major procedure-related complications. The primary prespecified outcome of this secondary analysis of age was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at a median follow-up of 3.5 years. Results Among 3561 patients (mean [SD] age, 60.1 [10.1] years; 2002 female [56.2%]), 2360 (66.3%) were younger than 65 years, 982 (27.6%) were between ages 65 to 75 years, and 219 (6.1%) were older than 75 years. The primary outcome was MACE at a median (IQR) follow-up of 3.5 (2.9-4.2) years for 3523 patients (99%). Modeling age as a continuous variable, age, and randomization group were not associated with MACE (hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.98-1.07; P for interaction = .31). Age and randomization group were associated with major procedure-related complications (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.27; P for interaction = .005), which were lower in younger patients. Conclusions and Relevance Age did not modify the effect of randomization group on the primary outcome of MACE but did modify, IMPORTANCE: The effectiveness and safety of computed tomography (CT) and invasive coronary angiography (ICA) in different age groups is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of age with outcomes of CT and ICA in patients with stable chest pain.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The assessor-blinded Diagnostic Imaging Strategies for Patients With Stable Chest Pain and Intermediate Risk of Coronary Artery Disease (DISCHARGE) randomized clinical trial was conducted between October 2015 and April 2019 in 26 European centers. Patients referred for ICA with stable chest pain and an intermediate probability of obstructive coronary artery disease were analyzed in an intention-to-treat analysis. Data were analyzed from July 2022 to January 2023.INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly assigned to a CT-first strategy or a direct-to-ICA strategy.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: MACE (ie, cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or stroke) and major procedure-related complications. The primary prespecified outcome of this secondary analysis of age was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at a median follow-up of 3.5 years.RESULTS: Among 3561 patients (mean [SD] age, 60.1 [10.1] years; 2002 female [56.2%]), 2360 (66.3%) were younger than 65 years, 982 (27.6%) were between ages 65 to 75 years, and 219 (6.1%) were older than 75 years. The primary outcome was MACE at a median (IQR) follow-up of 3.5 (2.9-4.2) years for 3523 patients (99%). Modeling age as a continuous variable, age, and randomization group were not associated with MACE (hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.98-1.07; P for interaction = .31). Age and randomization group were associated with major procedure-related complications (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.27; P for interaction = .005), which were lower in younger patients.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Age did not modify the effect of randomization group on the primary outcome of MACE but did modify the effe

Published
2024

91. Effect of Body Mass Index on Effectiveness of CT versus Invasive Coronary Angiography in Stable Chest Pain:The DISCHARGE Trial

Author

Sykes, Robert, Collison, Damien, Merkely, Bela, Kofoed, Klaus F., Donnelly, Patrick, Rodríguez-Palomares, José, Erglis, Andrejs, Veselka, Josef, Šakalytė, Gintarė, Ađić, Nada Čemerlić, Gutberlet, Matthias, Dodd, Jonathan D., Diez, Ignacio, Davis, Gershan, Zimmermann, Elke, Kępka, Cezary, Vidakovic, Radosav, Francone, Marco, Ilnicka-Suckiel, Małgorzata, Plank, Fabian, Knuuti, Juhani, Faria, Rita, Schröder, Stephen, Berry, Colin, Saba, Luca, Ruzsics, Balazs, Rieckmann, Nina, Kubiak, Christine, Hansen, Kristian Schultz, Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline, Maurovich-Horvat, Pál, Knudsen, Andreas D., Benedek, Imre, Orr, Clare, Valente, Filipa Xavier, Zvaigzne, Ligita, Horváth, Martin, Jankauskas, Antanas, Ađić, Filip, Woinke, Michael, Keane, Stephen, Lecumberri, Iñigo, Thwaite, Erica, Laule, Michael, Kruk, Mariusz, Zivanic, Aleksandra, Mancone, Massimo, Kuśmierz, Donata, Abdulla, Jawdat, Jurlander, Birgit, Sykes, Robert, Collison, Damien, Merkely, Bela, Kofoed, Klaus F., Donnelly, Patrick, Rodríguez-Palomares, José, Erglis, Andrejs, Veselka, Josef, Šakalytė, Gintarė, Ađić, Nada Čemerlić, Gutberlet, Matthias, Dodd, Jonathan D., Diez, Ignacio, Davis, Gershan, Zimmermann, Elke, Kępka, Cezary, Vidakovic, Radosav, Francone, Marco, Ilnicka-Suckiel, Małgorzata, Plank, Fabian, Knuuti, Juhani, Faria, Rita, Schröder, Stephen, Berry, Colin, Saba, Luca, Ruzsics, Balazs, Rieckmann, Nina, Kubiak, Christine, Hansen, Kristian Schultz, Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline, Maurovich-Horvat, Pál, Knudsen, Andreas D., Benedek, Imre, Orr, Clare, Valente, Filipa Xavier, Zvaigzne, Ligita, Horváth, Martin, Jankauskas, Antanas, Ađić, Filip, Woinke, Michael, Keane, Stephen, Lecumberri, Iñigo, Thwaite, Erica, Laule, Michael, Kruk, Mariusz, Zivanic, Aleksandra, Mancone, Massimo, Kuśmierz, Donata, Abdulla, Jawdat, and Jurlander, Birgit

Abstract

Background Recent trials support the role of cardiac CT in the evaluation of symptomatic patients suspected of having coronary artery disease (CAD); however, body mass index (BMI) has been reported to negatively impact CT image quality. Purpose To compare initial use of CT versus invasive coronary angiography (ICA) on clinical outcomes in patients with stable chest pain stratified by BMI category. Materials and Methods This prospective study represents a prespecified BMI subgroup analysis of the multicenter Diagnostic Imaging Strategies for Patients with Stable Chest Pain and Intermediate Risk of Coronary Artery Disease (DISCHARGE) trial conducted between October 2015 and April 2019. Adult patients with stable chest pain and a CAD pretest probability of 10%–60% were randomly assigned to undergo initial CT or ICA. The primary end point was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or stroke. The secondary end point was an expanded MACE composite, including transient ischemic attack, and major procedure-related complications. Competing risk analyses were performed using the Fine and Gray subdistribution Cox proportional hazard model to assess the impact of the relationship between BMI and initial management with CT or ICA on the study outcomes, whereas noncardiovascular death and unknown causes of death were considered competing risk events. Results Among the 3457 participants included, 831 (24.0%), 1358 (39.3%), and 1268 (36.7%) had a BMI of less than 25, between 25 and 30, and greater than 30 kg/m2, respectively. No interaction was found between CT or ICA and BMI for MACE (P = .29), the expanded MACE composite (P = .38), or major procedure-related complications (P = .49). Across all BMI subgroups, expanded MACE composite events (CT, 10 of 409 [2.4%] to 23 of 697 [3.3%]; ICA, 26 of 661 [3.9%] to 21 of 422 [5.1%]) and major procedure-related complications durin, Background Recent trials support the role of cardiac CT in the evaluation of symptomatic patients suspected of having coronary artery disease (CAD); however, body mass index (BMI) has been reported to negatively impact CT image quality. Purpose To compare initial use of CT versus invasive coronary angiography (ICA) on clinical outcomes in patients with stable chest pain stratified by BMI category. Materials and Methods This prospective study represents a prespecified BMI subgroup analysis of the multicenter Diagnostic Imaging Strategies for Patients with Stable Chest Pain and Intermediate Risk of Coronary Artery Disease (DISCHARGE) trial conducted between October 2015 and April 2019. Adult patients with stable chest pain and a CAD pretest probability of 10%-60% were randomly assigned to undergo initial CT or ICA. The primary end point was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or stroke. The secondary end point was an expanded MACE composite, including transient ischemic attack, and major procedure-related complications. Competing risk analyses were performed using the Fine and Gray subdistribution Cox proportional hazard model to assess the impact of the relationship between BMI and initial management with CT or ICA on the study outcomes, whereas noncardiovascular death and unknown causes of death were considered competing risk events. Results Among the 3457 participants included, 831 (24.0%), 1358 (39.3%), and 1268 (36.7%) had a BMI of less than 25, between 25 and 30, and greater than 30 kg/m2, respectively. No interaction was found between CT or ICA and BMI for MACE (P = .29), the expanded MACE composite (P = .38), or major procedure-related complications (P = .49). Across all BMI subgroups, expanded MACE composite events (CT, 10 of 409 [2.4%] to 23 of 697 [3.3%]; ICA, 26 of 661 [3.9%] to 21 of 422 [5.1%]) and major procedure-related complications during initial management (CT, one of 638 [0.

Published
2024

93. On the Possible Interactions of Varied EFL Activities and Learning Styles with EFL Students' Motivational Changes

Author

Kruk, Mariusz and Zawodniak, Joanna

Abstract

L2 classroom is a place and process that undergoes an array of incessant and concurrent changes affecting its main agents, i.e. the teacher and students in a non-linear and unpredictable manner. Various aspects of their cognitive and affective potential fluctuate and intensify or weaken depending on what is going on in a particular L2 learning/teaching environment at a particular point of time. The present paper, drawing on the idea of complexity, multifariousness and spatiotemporal situatedness of a language classroom, is intended to examine the likelihood and dynamics of the reciprocal co-occurrence of a range of practical English learning activities, learning styles and changes in motivation. In the first, theoretical part the authors will present literature review with a special regard to the complex dynamic systems perspective on motivation. The second part is devoted to a discussion of findings from the qualitatively and quantitatively oriented research conducted on two groups of English philology students. Data gathering instruments included the questionnaires investigating the subjects' while-class and after-class involvement, the learning style survey, the teacher's evaluation of conducted classes and participant observation. Obtained results revealed certain patterns of motivational variability in relation to the students' general learning preferences.

Published
2019
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94. Ticagrelor in patients with diabetes and stable coronary artery disease with a history of previous percutaneous coronary intervention (THEMIS-PCI): a phase 3, placebo-controlled, randomised trial

Author

Santos, Vladimir, Jain, Ashit, Lendel, Irina, Russo, Michael, Haught, W H, Bouza, Manuel, Gogia, Harinder, Banerjee, Supratim, Kichura, George, Kantaros, Louis, Padron, Francisco, Passi, Rakesh, Stone, Jay, Pursley, Michael, D'Urso, Michael, Gardner, Timothy, Bennett, James, Nour, Khaled, Saini, Satinder, Zhang, Wenwu, Kumbhani, Dharam, Thomas, Dustin, Angiolillo, Dominick, Bertolet, Barry, Roman-Miranda, Amaury, Black, Robert, Manshadi, Ramin, Vaca, Carlos, Blanco, Antonio, Napoli, Mark, Brabham, David, Akyea-Djamson, Ayim, Desai, Pratik, Prasada, Sudhir, Khaira, Ajit, Forgosh, Leslie, Lieber, Ira, Umpierrez, Guillermo, Singal, Dinesh, Londono, Juan, Fraser, Neil, Ruiz, Jose, Vega, Damaris, Rodriguez, Lilia, Brown, Christopher, Syed, Faizullah, Aggarwala, Guarav, Eaves, William, Foster, Michael, Gupta, Dinesh, Avino, David, Asfour, Wail, Tonnessen, Glen, Zhao, Xue-Qiao, Singh, Narendra, Brockmyre, Andrew, Lepor, Norman, Shammas, Nicolas, Blick, David, Hearne, Steven, Prodafikas, John, Carell, Edgar, Izzo, Mark, Karim, Amin, Zakhary, Bosh, Atieh, Mahmoud, Leichter, Steven, Meadows, Charles, Hotchkiss, David, Abu-Fadel, Mazen, Wiseman, Alan, Bander, Jeffrey, Shah, Mahesh, Banerjee, Subhash, Ganim, Ricky, Sopko, Karen, Khan, Misal, Lloret, Ramon, Weirick, Troy, Mehta, Rajendra, Thadani, Udho, Bhargava, Anuj, Kosiborod, Mikhail, Moya, Jaynier, Staniloae, Cezar, Guerra, Yamirka D, Chhabra, Anil, Kosmicki, Douglas, Shaheen, Wassim, Mohammed, Akber, Bitters, J'Cinda, Pattanayak, Jan, Javier, Julian, Srivastava, Sunny, Phillips, Roland, Al-Amin, Jessie, Lillestol, Michael, Simpson, Patrick, Hazan, Lydie, Amin, Amit, Shah, Gopi, Korpas, Denes, Platt, Bruce, Dickert, Jim, Puente, Orlando, Hiotis, Louis, Doyle, Timothy, Rajan, Raj, Meholick, Alan, Gring, Christian, Hage-Korban, Elie, Feldman, Robert, Colfer, Harry, Butman, Samuel, Foster, Malcolm, Hart, Terence, Huling, Randall, Eshaghian, Shervin, Quintana, Ofsman, Cheung, Deanna, Handel, Franklin, Rodriguez, Mara, Suh, David, Gordon, Paul, Pressman, Gregg, Bauer, Michael, French, William, Barettella, Mark, Chatrathi, Sridhar, Suresh, Damodhar, Goldberg, Ronald, Huth, Mark, Younis, Liwa, Rahman, Aref, Mascolo, Richard, Welch, Michelle, Suneja, Randeep, Smith, Stephen, Shurmur, Scott, Agaiby, John, Jingo, Ahmad, Johnston, Janice, Beth, Mary, Vlastaris, Anthony, Kemp, Susan, Taheri, Hamid, Pereira, Edward, Deyoung, Michael, Hawa, Zafir, Smith, Ray, Galski, Thomas, Garas, Samer, Reddy, M, Sharma, Susheel, Hargrove, Joeseph, Treasure, Charles, Emerson, Ronald, Haddad, Tariq, Rohr, Kathryn, Levinson, Larry, Gaona, Raul, Uretsky, Barry, Maheshwari, Hiralal, Lee, Denny, Kinnaman, Stephanie, Singal, Robert, Geohas, Jeffrey, Gigliotti, Osvaldo, Raisinghani, Ajit, Khurana, Charanjit, Hella, Brent, Kelberman, Michael, Voyce, Steven, Singh, Sanjay, Lo, Eric, Singh, Pradeep, Goodfellow, Ross, Fischer, Stuart, Lorraine, Richard, Turner, Traci, Shanes, Jeffrey, Busch, Robert, Broker, Robert, Zaniewski, Michelle, Pounds, Kevin, Debs-Perez, Giselle, Ong, Stephen, Frandsen, Brad, Fullington, Douglas, Jaffrani, Naseem, Khan, Ahtaram, Lee, Marcus, Pouzar, Joe, Revtyak, George, Gonzalez, Julian, Nakhle, Samer, Murillo, Abel, Young, Douglas, Makam, Sashi, Syed, Mushtaq, Woolf, Kevin, Grena, Paul, Alfata, Sarab, Mahal, Sharan, Hoffman, David, Kizhakekuttu, Tinoy, Deering, Joseph, Bhavsar, Janak, Mikesell, Scott, Wilson, William, Wilson, Vance, El, Salah, Spinale, Francis, Kannarkat, Vinod, Rao, Sunder, Hanson, Lenita, Bertsch, John, Gonzalez-Ortiz, Elena, Severino, Norma, Willis, John, Schock, Joel, Bakhtari, Ladan, Gazmuri, Raul, Ansari, Saadat, Hall, Jason, Mehta, Arvind, Shealy, Neal, Zarich, Stuart, Singh, Deovrat, Vora, Kishor, Andrawis, Nabil, Molter, Darron, Maron, David, Cardona, Jose, D'Agostino, Ronald, Arshad, Tamjeed, Samaan, Rodney, Jones, David, Presser, Dale, Heath, John, Green, Sandy, Bittar, George, Henry, Sheldon, Korn, David, Schmedtje, John, Nadar, Venkatesh, Graham, Bruce, Labroo, Ajay, Clavijo, Leonardo, Roseman, Hal, Ledesma, Gilbert, Rosen, Robert, Dor, Isaac, Kirby, William, Sutton, Jennefer, Eder, Frank, Iteld, Bruce, Gomez-Cortes, Jose, Buchbinder, Maurice, Kasper, Joseph, Terrelonge, Antonio, Torres, Gustavo, Jagielo, Ted, Alvarez, Jose, Handelsman, Yehuda, Guillen, Mario, Richwine, Randall, Lewy-Alterbaum, Lorena, Corder, Clinton, Arvind, Moogali, Bolshoun, David, Mikhail, Magdy, Minton, Stephen, Alvarado, Odilon, Abbott, J, Cauthen, Brett, Welter, Ryan, Mintz, Randy, Cox, John, Quick, Annette, Weiss, Melvin, Dy, Johnny, Zebrack, James, Gandelman, Glenn, Hegde, Vinayak, Silver, Marc, DeGregorio, Michele, Lawson, William, Paa, Christopher, Bortnick, Anna, Krolick, Merrill, Sotolongo, Rodolfo, Cheirif, Jorge, Kumar, Priya, Jetty, Preetham, Patel, Ambar, Kruk, Mariusz, Kobielusz-Gembala, Iwona, Rewerska, Barbara, Madrzejewski, Adam, Milewski, Krzysztof, Cygler, Jerzy, Petryka-Mazurkiewicz, Joanna, Jastrzebski, Waldemar, Korecki, Janusz, Fil, Wojciech, Prokopczuk, Janusz, Bochenek, Anna, Wujkowski, Marek, Witek, Robert, Konczakowski, Piotr, Miekus, Pawel, Szczasny, Marcin, Musial, Wlodzimierz, Cymerman, Krzysztof, Lampart, Jacek, Mikosinski, Jacek, Szynal, Slawomir, Fares, Issa, Opolski, Grzegorz, Mazur, Stanislaw, Wozakowska-Kaplon, Beata, Bijata-Bronisz, Renata, Wierucki, Lukasz, Losa, Beata, Drelich, Grzegorz, Konieczny, Marek, Starczewski, Pawel, Pawlowicz, Lidia, Jesionowski, Pawel, Jurowiecki, Jaroslaw, Gniot, Jacek, Czyzycki, Mariusz, Stania, Karol, Kucharczyk-Bauman, Izabela, Busz-Papiez, Benita, Karczmarczyk, Agnieszka, Sudnik, Wanda, Koszek, Alina, Kolodziej, Piotr, Skwarna, Bartosz, Jaramillo, Nicolás, Jankowski, Maciej, Czochra, Wojciech, Kinasz, Leszek, Miklaszewicz, Beata, Stasinska, Teresa, Pluta, Wladyslaw, Basiak, Marcin, Rusicka, Teresa, Niedbal-Yahfouf, Izabela, Popenda, Grazyna, Korzeniak, Romuald, Mirek, Agnieszka, Mariankowski, Rafal, Wojnowski, Lukasz, Korol, Marek, Baszak, Jacek, Podolec, Piotr, Piesiewicz, Wojciech, Zurakowski, Aleksander, Luengas, Carlos, Skura, Marek, Pilecki, Piotr, Majchrzak, Piotr, Krzyzagórska, Ewa, Drozd, Marcin, Kaczmarek, Barbara, Sliwinska, Teresa, Zelazowska, Katarzyna, Sztembis, Rafal, Landa, Katarzyna, Matyszczak-Toniak, Lidia, Strojek, Krzysztof, Piepiorka, Marek, Malinowski, Robert, Górska, Maria, Stolarczyk-Sowa, Edyta, Romanowski, Leszek, Zinka, Elzbieta, Reszka, Zygfryd, Skierkowska, Joanna, Uzunow, Anna, Laskowska-Derlaga, Ewa, Puntus, Ekaterina, Kosmacheva, Elena D, Koziolova, Natalia, Pavlov, Prokhor, Supryadkina, Tatiana, Didenko, Yury, Kopylov, Philipp, Kazakov, Andrei, Aksentiev, Sergei, Vishneva, Elena, Repin, Alexey, Smolenskaya, Olga, Mantserova, Olga, Khrustalev, Oleg, Privalova, Elena, Konstantinov, Vladimir, Boldueva, Svetlana, Ezhov, Andrey, Chernyavsky, Alexander, Kamalov, Gadel, Galyavich, Albert, Zubeeva, Galina, Nechaeva, Galina, Shustov, Sergey, Dzhaiani, Nino, Treshkur, Tatiana, Osokina, Nataliya, Panov, Alexey, Shutemova, Elena, Makukhin, Valeriy, Kropotina, Tatiana, Tsyba, Larisa, Karpov, Yuri, Sizova, J M, Ballyuzek, Marina, Tarasov, Nikolay, Demchenko, Elena, Barbarash, Olga, Moiseev, Valentin, Markov, Valentin, Kuznetsov, Vadim, Viktorova, Inna, Sergienko, Igor, Ermoshkina, Lyudmila, Khasanov, Niyaz, Khlevchuk, Tatiana, Baglikov, Andrey, Shalaev, Sergey, Zonova, Elena, Reznik, Elena, Haisheva, Larisa, Morugova, Tatyana, Lomakin, Nikita, Vishnevsky, Alexander, Shvarts, Yuri, Magnitskaya, Olga, Mikhailusova, Marina, Pavlysh, Elena, Libov, Igor, Zateyschikova, Anna, Kostenko, Victor, Edin, Anton, Khovaeva, Yaroslava, Zakharov, Konstantin, Stryuk, Raisa, Khirmanov, Vladimir, Kanorskiy, Sergey, Yakushin, Sergey, Barabashkina, Anna, Li, Hongwei, Zhao, Qiang, Zhang, Jian, Ma, Jianhua, He, Yong, Luo, Ming, Zhang, Aidong, Zhang, Ningru, Chai, Yingru, Ma, Genshan, Wang, Hao, Liu, Zhigang, He, Lanjie, Song, Zhifang, Dong, Xiaolin, Tao, Liang, Li, Zhanquan, Su, Xi, Kong, Xiangqing, Niu, Heping, Ge, Junbo, Luo, Zhurong, Huang, Wenjun, Peng, Daoquan, Yuan, Zuyi, Milanova, Maria, Tenev, Doncho, Gogov, Antoni, Karageorgiev, Dimitar, Kolchev, Todor, Rusev, Nikolay, Georgieva, Nikolina, Kondov, Rumen, Rusinov, Veselin, Petrov, Ivo, Stanchev, Georgi, Konteva, Mariana, Dincheva, Adriana, Yaneva, Zdravka, Vatova, Ralitsa, Ilieva, Katya, Runev, Nikolai, Kolomanov, Borislav, Petrov, Ivan, Iliev, Nikolay, Tisheva, Snezhanka, Chompalova, Boryana, Tokmakova, Maria, Raev, Dimitar, Byanov, Kolyo, Markov, Dimitar, Mihov, Lenko, Mihov, Atanas, Milcheva, Nora, Minchev, Milen, Mollov, Mihail, Borisov, Borislav, Tihchev, Tihomir, Karakolev, Venelin, Dimov, Bojidar, Georgiev, Svetoslav, Smilov, Lachezar, Koo, Bon K, Ahn, Taehoon, Hong, Soon J, Yoon, Junghan, Oh, Seok K, Jeong, Myung H, Kim, Doo-Il, Chang, Kiyuk, Kim, Weon, Hahn, Joo-Yong, Cha, Kwang S, Lee, Jung-Hee, Choi, Si-Wan, Nam, Chang-Wook, Chae, In-Ho, Park, Yong H, Tahk, Seung-Jea, Shin, Won-Yong, Chae, Jei-Keon, Kim, Byung J, Bae, Jang-Whan, Park, Woo J, Rha, Seung W, Choi, Young J, Hwang, Jin-Yong, Park, Hun S, Baracioli, Luciano, Guimaraes, Fabio, Vasconcellos, Eduardo, Saraiva, José, Pereira, Adamastor, Santos, Queulla, Rossi, Paulo, Maia, Lilia, Madeira, Miguel, Pereira, Marcio, Botelho, Roberto, Reis, Gilmar, Eliaschewitz, Freddy, Borges, Joao, Nascimento, Carlos, Fortes, Jose A, de Souza, Weimar, Pimentel, Pedro, Hissa, Miguel, Franchetti, Marcos, Precoma, Dalton, Ortiz, Costantino, Hernandes, Mauro, Saporito, Wladmir, dos Santos, Fabio R, Kormann, Adrian, Neuenschwander, Fernando, Dutra, Oscar, Rassi, Nelson, Tanajura, Luiz, Souza, Juliana, Junior, Delcio S, Leaes, Paulo, Forte, Adriana, Bonansea, Teresa C, Marin, Jose, Machado, Bruno, Cerqueira, Maria J, Silva, Frederico, Michalaros, Yorghos, Manenti, Euler, Cercato, Cintia, Figueiredo, Estevao, Liu, Ming-En, Wang, Yi-Chih, Lee, Tsung-Ming, Fang, Chih, Wu, Yen-Wen, Ueng, Kwo-Chang, Sheu, Huey-Herng, Lai, Wen T, Hsieh, I-Chang, Chen, Zhih-Cherng, Lee, Mu-Jang, Chiang, Chern, Shyu, Kou-Gi, Hsia, Chien-Hsun, Mar, Guang-Yuan, Chan, Shih-Hung, Wu, Chih-Cheng, Tseng, Wei-Kung, Chang, Kuan-Cheng, Yeh, Hung-I, Wang, Ji-Hung, Hou, Charles, Sorokina, Inna, Dolzhenko, Maryna, Horoshko, Olha, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Rudenko, Leonid, Vakaliuk, Igor, Kulyk, Anna, Levchenko, Olena, Prokhorov, Oleksandr, Reshotko, Dmytro, Sorokivskyy, Mykhaylo, Velichko, Nataliia, Maslovskyi, Valentyn, Teliatnikova, Zinaida, Dotsenko, Sergiy, Krakhmalova, Olena, Kraiz, Igor, Zharinova, Viktoria, Bula, Larysa, Kaydashev, Igor, Molodtsov, Valeriy, Rasputina, Lesya, Pidlisna, Viktoriya, Lysunets, Olena, Kravchenko, Anatoliy, Glushko, Liubomyr, Khomazyuk, Tetyana, Svyshchenko, Yevgeniya, Parkhomenko, Oleksandr, Mankovsky, Boris, Abrahamovych, Orest, Yagensky, Andriy, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Vasilyeva, Larisa, Sokolova, Liubov, Sychov, Oleg, Tseluyko, Vira, Kyrychenko, Igor, Rishko, Mykola, Furkalo, Sergiy, Gallo, Richard, Bertrand, Olivier, Mehta, Shamir, Constance, Christian, Sussex, Bruce, Zadra, Remo, Kouz, Simon, Chehayeb, Raja, Pandey, Amritanshu, Dion, Danielle, Bailey, Gordon, Hill, Laurie, Ramanathan, Krishnan, Dorsch, Micha, Nanji, Alykhan, Babapulle, Mohan, Montigny, Martine, Gosselin, Gilbert, Dehghani, Payam, Rupka, Dennis, Le May, Michel, Pichette, Francis, St-Maurice, Francois, Teefy, Patrick, Mansour, Samer, Kassam, Saleem, Cheung, Stephen, Siega, Anthony D, O'Keefe, Dennis, Sabbah, Eric, Bell, Alan, Chouinard, Guy, Wong, Brian, Miller, Mark, Gaudet, Daniel, Lachance, Pierre, Bata, Iqbal, Petrella, Robert, Gossard, Denis, Dumas, Richard, Ing, Douglas, Boyrazian, Hagop, Bessoudo, Ricardo, Huynh, Thao T, Hart, Randy, Belle-Isle, Jasmin, Shukla, Dinkar, Kelly, Allan, Mazza, Giuseppe, Cha, James, Henein, Sam, Frechette, Andre, Vizel, Saul, Liutkus, Joanne F, O'Mahony, Michael, Halperin, Frank, Kooy, Jacobus, Graham, John, Bailey, Allan, Wojcik, Ronald, Wilderman, Igor, Turi, Tibor, Motyovszki, Ákos, Merkely, Béla, Király, Csaba, Andrássy, Péter, Sárszegi, Zsolt, Fülöp, Tibor, Zilahi, Zsolt, Édes, István, Papp, Andras, Müller, Gábor, Czigány, Anna, Zólyomi, Szilárd, Korányi, László, Takács, János, Juhász, Ferenc, Benczur, Bela, Kancz, Sándor, Földi, András, Nagy, András C, Bakai, Judit, Greschik, István, Püski, László, Nagy, László, Kirschner, Róbert, Kuchar, Roman, Hajek, Petr, Busak, Ladislav, Michalik, Daniel, Matyasek, Ivo, Marusincova, Ivana, Kucera, Dusan, Jerabek, Ondrej, Honkova, Michaela, Dedek, Vratislav, Rihacek, Ivan, Kos, Pavel, Slaby, Josef, Machkova, Martina, Zidkova, Eva, Elbl, Lubomir, Grunfeldova, Hana, Carda, Jiri, Mrozek, Vladimir, Maly, Jiri, Milkovic, Richard, Malecha, Jan, Skalicka, Hana, Oral, Ivo, Krcova, Eva, Lisa, Libor, Belohlavek, Jan, Miklik, Roman, Cermak, Ondrej, Bednarova, Jana, Peroutka, Zdenek, Spinar, Jindrich, Wilke, Andreas, Appel, Karl-Friedrich, Taggeselle, Jens, Förster, Andreas, Toursarkissian, Nicole, Schmidt, Ekkehard, Bott, Jochen, Al-Zoebi, Ayham, Hennig, Dirk, Fischer, Sabine, Schön, Norbert, Sauter, Joachim, Simonis, Gregor, Nischik, Ruth, Rieker, Werner, Schenkenberger, Isabelle, Behnke, Thomas, Klausmann, Gerhard, Jeserich, Michael, Trenk, Dietmar, Weigmann, Ingo, Reuter, Hannes, Rummel, Reinhard, von Münchhausen, Candy, von Engelhardt, Charlotte, Horibe, Eishun, Shibasaki, Taro, Sato, Tomohiko, Kakuta, Tsunekazu, Michishita, Ichiro, Tan, Michinao, Ishiki, Ryoji, Aoyama, Takahiko, Higashiue, Shinichi, Niijima, Yawara, Idogaki, Akira, Hasegawa, Toru, Kiyosue, Arihiro, Tomobuchi, Yoshiaki, Kawamitsu, Katsunori, Kawasaki, Satsuki, Hata, Yoshiki, Fukui, Kazuki, Seki, Kozaburo, Takenaka, Takashi, Abe, Mitsuru, Utsu, Noriaki, Oono, Atsuyuki, Mitsuo, Kazuhisa, Sueyoshi, Atsushi, Hirohata, Atsushi, Tsujimoto, Mitsuru, Ueda, Osamu, Takase, Shinichi, Suzuki, Masahiro, Sakuragi, Satoru, Yamamoto, Fumi, Fujimoto, Noritaka, Kakinoki, Shigeo, Sugiura, Tatsushi, Sugino, Hiroshi, Nakamura, Toshihiro, Goto, Shinya, Kadokami, Toshiaki, Uehara, Hiroki, Ono, Masahiro, Yokoya, Koichi, Koike, Akihiro, Komatsu, Sei, Sonoda, Masahiro, Ueno, Hideki, Doi, Tomofumi, Takagi, Yuichiro, Fujimoto, Kazuteru, Eki, Yutaka, Okubo, Munenori, Sasaki, Kenichiro, van Eck, Martijn, Ronner, Eelko, The, Salem, van de Wal, Ruud, Nierop, Pieter, de Nooijer, Cornelis, Werner, Henri, Westendorp, Iris, van der Zwaan, Coen, Crijns, Hendrikus, Cornel, Jan H, Strikwerda, Sipke, Bos, Robert, de Melker, Edwin, Kuijper, Adrianus, Louwerenburg, Hans, Plomp, Jacobus, Dantzig, Jan-Melle, Prins, Francisco, van Kesteren, Henricus, Willems, Frank, Amoroso, Giovanni, Carnero, Gabriela, Duronto, Ernesto, Besada, Diego, Chacon, Carolina, Zangroniz, Pedro, Solis, Silvana, Liberman, Alberto, Sernia, Virginia, Alvarisqueta, Andres, Maffei, Laura, Vilamajo, Oscar G, García, Celso, Sicer, Maximiliano, Muntaner, Juan, Bordonava, Anselmo, Albisu, Juan, Zanini, Alejandra, Rista, Lucas, Hominal, Miguel, Estrada, José N, Prado, Aldo, Gosparini, Diego M, Schiavi, Beatriz, Castillo, Armando G, Ruíz, José G, Martinez, Guillermo R, López, Víctor G, Rosas, Enrique L, Lopez, Gabriel R, Cantu, Elias G, de los Ríos Ibarra, Manuel, Padilla, Francisco P, Carrasco, Jose P, Carrillo, Luis V, García, Joel D, Askar, Alfredo N, Salinas, Carlos A, Gamba, Marco A, Sanchez, Carlos G, Cantú, Arnulfo G, Sánchez, Raul V, Madrigal, Jaime C, Urbano, Rafael H, Romo, Andrés Í, González Juanatey, José R, Racugno, Paolo, Fillat, Angel C, de la Torre Hernández, José M, Peláez, Juan A, Cortada, Jorge B, Pavia, Pablo G, Navarro, Manuel J, Asenjo, Roberto M, Díaz, Francisco F, Peligero, Eduard B, Manterola, Fernando A, Ortiz, Antonio F, Mediavilla García, Juan D, Ortuño, Francisco M, Vera, Tomás R, González, Alfonso S, Viñas, Jaime A, Fernández Portales, Francisco J, Mayordomo, Petra S, Ojeda, Francisco B, Domínguez, Antonio R, González, Rosa S, Guerrero, Diego B, Ruiz Nodar, Juan M, Marimon, Xavier G, Margáez, José G, Aguilera, Roberto M, Díaz Fernández, José F, Zamorano Gómez, José L, González, Vicente B, del Blanco, Bruno G, Pérez, Ignacio P, Moreno, Mercé R, Ereño, Ainhoa R, García Lledó, José A, Prieto, Juan, Villablanca, Alex, Raffo, Carlos, Pincetti, Christian, Conejeros, Carlos, Roman, Oscar, Rodriguez, Manuel, Varleta, Paola, Goldberg, Cindy, Sandoval, Jorge, Arriagada, German, Leon, Lucio, Potthoff, Sergio, Cobos, Jorge, Figueroa, Christian, Makotoko, Ellen, Fourie, Nyda, Burgess, Lesley, Nortje, Hendrik, Theron, Rust, Pillai, Perumal, Ranjith, Naresh, Trokis, Julien, Pillay, Soobramoney, Reddy, Jeevren, Nunkoo, Theema, Kapp, Cornelia, Urbach, Dorothea, Distiller, Lawrence, Horak, Adrian, van Zyl, Louis, Coetzee, Kathleen, Punt, Zelda, Bayat, Junaid, Dawood, Saleem, Mitha, Ismail, Padayachee, Trevenesan, Hoosen, Farzana, Dalby, Anthony, Prabhavathi, Gowdaiah, Prakash, Mehta, Vimal, Chag, Milan, Gadkari, Milind, Ramamurthee, Kannaiyan, Das, Asit, Sawhney, Jitendra S, Banerjee, Suvro, Sathe, Prachee, Adhyapak, Srilakshmi, Nguyen, Tuan, Pham, Vinh, Do, Huan, Nguyen, Anh, Nguyen, Hien, Truong, Binh, Jamil-Copley, Shahnaz, Lang, Chim, Pell, Alastair, Zaman, Azfar, Storey, Robert, Swanson, Neil, Smith, Simon, Sharman, David, Braganza, Denise, Hammond, Peter, Moriarty, Andrew, Bain, Stephen, Pye, Maurice, Sharp, Andrew, Blagden, Mark, Randeva, Harpal, Myhill, Timothy, Viswanathan, Girish, Keeling, Philip, Clifford, Piers, Saxena, Manish, Lyons, Kristopher, McMurray, John, Jaafar, Feeroz, Murphy, Clare, Cartwright, Simon, Abouglila, Kamal, Antalik, Lubomir, Krajci, Peter, Urban, Miroslav, Fazekas, Frantisek, Pella, Daniel, Koleny, Daniel, Vykoukalova, Tatiana, Macek, Vladimir, Vinanska, Daniela, Jamriskova, Livia, Such, Slavomir, Fulop, Peter, Farsky, Stefan, Bugan, Viliam, Strbova, Jaroslava, Micko, Karol, Palka Jr, Juraj, Sivak, Vladimir, Kristensen, Dalby, Refsgaard, Jens, Holmvang, Lene, Dixen, Ulrik, Nielsen, Henrik, Egstrup, Kenneth, Jensen, Lisette O, Sykulski, Roman, Rasmussen, Ole, Andries, Alin, Luckow, Anders, Nielsen, Gitte, Sørensen, Torben, Wongvipaporn, Chaiyasith, Chamnarnphol, Noppadol, Srimahachota, Suphot, Sansanayudh, Nakarin, Kuanprasert, Srun, Tresukosol, Damras, Sookananchai, Bancha, Kanadasi, Mehmet, Ozcan, Turkay, Kucuk, Murathan, Ongen, Zeki, Okuyan, Ertugrul, Arat, Alev, Acikel, Sadik, Yalcin, Ahmet, Guray, Umit, Ceyhan, Ceyhun, Ozer, Necla, Arslan, Sakir, Angerås, Oskar, Johnston, Nina, Weiderman, Ann-Charlotte, Bandh, Stellan, Hansen, Ole, Larnefeldt, Hans, Kusiak, Dawid, Lindholm, Carl-Johan, Hedman, Anders, Erlinge, David, Curiac, Dan, Lundman, Pia, Zucconi-Mazzini, Roberto, Aladellie, Layth, Jensen, Jens, Verwerft, Jan, Vrolix, Mathias, Faes, Dirk, Striekwold, Harry, Sinnaeve, Peter, Timmermans, Patrick, Guedes, Antoine, Delforge, Marc, Nimmegeers, Jan, Stammen, Francis, Buysschaert, Ian, Hoffer, Etienne, Hollanders, Geert, Vervoort, Geert, Coussement, Patrick, de Maeseneire, Stefan, Janssens, Luc, Gravdal, Stein A, Risberg, Knut, Gullestad, Lars, Hofseth, Ola D, Nilsen, Dennis, Lappegård, Knut T, van den Heuvel, Christian, Gibbs, Charlotte, Khusrawi, Alamdar, Arora, Satish, Tomala, Tadeusz, Kjærnli, Thorbjørn, Berg-Johansen, Jan, Hagemeier, Robert, Skjelvan, Gunnar, Colquhoun, David, Amerena, John, Morbey, Claire, Hammett, Christopher, Dart, Anthony, Lehman, Ronald, Hamilton, Andrew, Worthley, Matthew, Purnell, Peter, Whelan, Alan, MacIsaac, Richard, Arya, Ktut, Linjawi, Sultan, Proietto, Joseph, Prasad, Lakshman, Rodriguez, Aldo, Godoy, Armando, Rodriguez, Victor, Berrospi, Percy, Chavez, Carlos, Negron, Sandra, Heredia, Javier, Medina, Felix, Manrique, Helard, Cabrera, Walter, Cordova, Fernando, Quinteros, Trinidad, Haro, Jaime M, Regalado, Susana, Guitton, Javier, Arbanil, Hugo, Pansieri, Michel, Decoulx, Eric, Goube, Pascal, de Labriolle, Axel, Labeque, Jean N, Range, Gregoire, Cottin, Yves, Montalescot, Gilles, Cayla, Guillaume, Danchin, Nicolas, Angoulvant, Denis, Ferrario, Emile, Elbaz, Meyer, Dubreuil, Olivier, Steg, Philippe G, Fontaine, Caroline, Sorbets, Emmanuel, Omer, Hafiz, Al-Saif, Shukri, Al-Faleh, Hussam, Al-Shehri, Abdullah, Alshehri, Halia, Bazari, Rasha, Hei, Pak, Ying, Man, Chan, Michael, Wong, Michelle, Ma, Ronald, Siu, Shing C, Tsang, Chiu C, Ferrario, Maurizio, Assanelli, Emilio, Senni, Michele, Piatti, Piermarco, Calabrò, Paolo, Urbinati, Stefano, Michisanti, Massimo, Varbella, Ferdinando, de Cosmo, Salvatore, Trevisan, Roberto, Bellotti, Sandro, Di Pasquale, Giuseppe, Bongo, Angelo S, Uguccioni, Massimo, Mannucci, Edoardo, Mauro, Ciro, Ragonese, Mauro, Fresco, Claudio, Turturo, Maurizio, Marcucci, Rossella, Lievano Triana, Manuel J, Arana, Camilo, Accini, Jose, Botero, Rodrigo, Muzyk-Osikowicz, Marlena, Dada, Fredy T, Vallejo, Gregorio S, Manzur, Fernando, Isaza, Daniel, Molina, Dora, Mesa, Juan G, Quintero, Alvaro, Nyman, Kai, Mäkelä, Jyrki, Strand, Jorma, Nieminen, Sakari, Taurio, Jyrki, Kuusela, Matti, Valle, Timo, Pietilä, Mikko, Kekki, Sakari, Strandberg, Timo, Klutstein, Marc, Greenberg, Gabriel, Rozenman, Yoseph, Chorin, Ehud, Roguin, Ariel, Lewis, Basil, Bashkin, Amir, Tan, Edgar, Prado, Jose P, Ferrolino, Arthur, Babilonia, Noe, Barbas, Benny, Matiga, Generoso, Coching, Raul M, Drexel, Heinz, Brath, Helmut, Schnack, Christoph, Hanusch, Ursula, Fließer-Görzer, Evelyn, Paulweber, Bernhard, Ebenbichler, Christoph, Prager, Rudolf, Huber, Kurt, Wolzt, Michael, Auer, Johann, Berger, Rudolf, Schernthaner, Gerit-Holger, Stanciulescu, Gabriela, Creteanu, Mihai, Spiridon, Marilena, Dobreanu, Viorica, Vinereanu, Dragos, Iosipescu, Laura C, Istratoaie, Octavian, Coman, Ioan, Militaru, Constantin, Cinteza, Mircea, Bhatt, Deepak L, Fox, Kim, Harrington, Robert A, Leiter, Lawrence A, Mehta, Shamir R, Simon, Tabassome, Andersson, Marielle, Himmelmann, Anders, Diaz, Rafael, Sinnaeve, Peter R, Nicolau, José C, Kerr Saraiva, José F, Corbalán, Ramón, Widimský, Petr, Kristensen, Steen D, Hartikainen, Juha, Darius, Harald, Tse, Hung F, Kiss, Robert G, Pais, Prem, Lev, Eli, de Luca, Leonardo, Ramos López, Gabriel A, Kontny, Frederic, Babilonia, Noe A, Zateyshchikov, Dmitry A, Ruda, Mikhail, Elamin, Omer, Kovář, František, Dalby, Anthony J, Bueno, Héctor, James, Stefan K, Chiang, Chern-En, Ray, Kausik K, Parkhomenko, Alexander, McGuire, Darren K, Kosiborod, Mikhail N, Nguyen, Tuan Q, Chen, Jersey, Leonsson-Zachrisson, Maria, Ridderstråle, Wilhelm, Steg, Philippe Gabriel, Held, Claes, Song, Yang, and Parkhomenko, Alexander N

Published
2019
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96. Erratum. Computed Tomography Versus Invasive Coronary Angiography in Patients With Diabetes and Suspected Coronary Artery Disease. Diabetes Care 2023;46:2015–2023

Author

Benedek, Theodora, primary, Wieske, Viktoria, additional, Szilveszter, Bálint, additional, Kofoed, Klaus F., additional, Donnelly, Patrick, additional, Rodriguez-Palomares, José, additional, Erglis, Andrejs, additional, Veselka, Josef, additional, Šakalytė, Gintarė, additional, Ađić, Nada Čemerlić, additional, Gutberlet, Matthias, additional, Diez, Ignacio, additional, Davis, Gershan, additional, Zimmermann, Elke, additional, Kępka, Cezary, additional, Vidakovic, Radosav, additional, Francone, Marco, additional, Ilnicka-Suckiel, Małgorzata, additional, Plank, Fabian, additional, Knuuti, Juhani, additional, Faria, Rita, additional, Schröder, Stephen, additional, Berry, Colin, additional, Saba, Luca, additional, Ruzsics, Balazs, additional, Rieckmann, Nina, additional, Kubiak, Christine, additional, Hansen, Kristian Schultz, additional, Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline, additional, Merkely, Bela, additional, Sigvardsen, Per E., additional, Benedek, Imre, additional, Orr, Clare, additional, Valente, Filipa Xavier, additional, Zvaigzne, Ligita, additional, Horváth, Martin, additional, Jankauskas, Antanas, additional, Ađić, Filip, additional, Woinke, Michael, additional, Mulvihill, Niall, additional, Lecumberri, Iñigo, additional, Thwaite, Erica, additional, Laule, Michael, additional, Kruk, Mariusz, additional, Stefanovic, Milica, additional, Mancone, Massimo, additional, Kuśmierz, Donata, additional, Feuchtner, Gudrun, additional, Pietilä, Mikko, additional, Ribeiro, Vasco Gama, additional, Drosch, Tanja, additional, Delles, Christian, additional, Melis, Marco, additional, Fisher, Michael, additional, Boussoussou, Melinda, additional, Kragelund, Charlotte, additional, Aurelian, Rosca, additional, Kelly, Stephanie, additional, Blanco, Bruno Garcia del, additional, Rubio, Ainhoa, additional, Károlyi, Mihály, additional, Hove, Jens D., additional, Rodean, Ioana, additional, Regan, Susan, additional, Calabria, Hug Cuéllar, additional, Gellér, László, additional, Larsen, Linnea, additional, Hodas, Roxana, additional, Napp, Adriane E., additional, Haase, Robert, additional, Feger, Sarah, additional, Mohamed, Mahmoud, additional, Serna-Higuita, Lina M., additional, Neumann, Konrad, additional, Dreger, Henryk, additional, Rief, Matthias, additional, Danesh, John, additional, Estrella, Melanie, additional, Bosserdt, Maria, additional, Martus, Peter, additional, Dodd, Jonathan D., additional, and Dewey, Marc, additional

Published
2024
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99. A longitudinal study of the subdomains of boredom in practical English language classes in an online setting: A factor of curves latent growth modeling.

Author

Kruk, Mariusz, Elahi Shirvan, Majid, Pawlak, Miroslaw, Taherian, Tahereh, and Yazdanmehr, Elham

Subjects
*ENGLISH language, *ONLINE education, *ANALYSIS of covariance, *PSYCHOLOGICAL disengagement, *BOREDOM
Abstract

In this study we used a factor of curves model (FCM) to examine the co-development of the subdomains of boredom in practical English language classes in an online setting (BPELC) over time in four phases of an online L2 course to explore the covariance of the initial level and slope of the sub-domains, as well as to check to what extent the variation in these subdomains can be accounted by the underpinning global factor of BPELC. Data were collected from 412 adult EFL learners on four temporal occasions via the Boredom in Practical English Classes – Revised scale, created by Pawlak et al. (2020a). Analysis was conducted by Mplus in three stages. Findings revealed a statically significant decrease over time in both subdomains. Also, a negative covariance was uncovered between the initial level and the growth level of each subdomain. Moreover, the covariances between the initial and growth levels of both subdomains were moderately high. Finally, the variances of the initial and growth levels of each of the subdomains were accounted for to a great extent by the underpinning global factor of BPELC. The results are interpreted in view of the underlying theories of boredom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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100. Modeling the interaction between teacher credibility, teacher confirmation, and English major students' academic engagement: A sequential mixed-methods approach.

Author

Yongliang Wang and Kruk, Mariusz

Subjects
ENGLISH as a foreign language, FOREIGN language education, STUDENT engagement
Abstract

Adopting a sequential mixed-methods approach, the current inquiry examined English major students' perceptions of the role of teacher confirmation and teacher credibility in enhancing their academic engagement in the Chinese context. In doing so, through WeChat messenger, three scales were provided to 1168 English major students chosen from different English as a foreign language (EFL) classes. For the sake of triangulation, 40 participants were invited to take part in interview sessions as well. The inspection of the correlations between the constructs indicated a strong association between student academic engagement and teacher confirmation as well as a close connection between student academic engagement and teacher credibility. This showed that the academic engagement of Chinese EFL students is tied to these teacher interpersonal behaviors. The contribution of teacher confirmation and credibility to Chinese EFL students' academic engagement was also examined using path analysis, which demonstrated that Chinese EFL students' academic engagement was predicted by teacher credibility and confirmation. Additionally, the interview outcomes proved the integral role of these two communication behaviors in increasing Chinese students' engagement. Findings may have some noteworthy implications for teacher educators and language instructors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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