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Objective: To investigate whether machine learning (ML)‐based algorithms, namely logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), k‐nearest neighbor (k‐NN), and gradient‐boosting decision tree (GBDT), utilizing early post‐onset parameters can predict facial synkinesis resulting from Bell's palsy or Ramsay Hunt syndrome more accurately than the conventional statistics‐based LR. Methods: This retrospective study included 362 patients who presented to a facial palsy outpatient clinic. Median follow‐up of synkinesis‐positive and ‐negative patients was 388 (range, 177–1922) and 198 (range, 190–3021) days, respectively. Electrophysiological examinations were performed, and the rate of synkinesis in Bell's palsy and Ramsay Hunt syndrome was evaluated. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed using statistics‐based LR; and electroneurography (ENoG) value, the difference in the nerve excitability test (NET), and scores of the subjective Yanagihara scaling system were evaluated using early post‐onset parameters with ML‐based LR, RF, k‐NN, and GBDT. Results: Synkinesis rate in Bell's palsy and Ramsay Hunt syndrome was 20.2% (53/262) and 40.0% (40/100), respectively. Sensitivity and specificity obtained with statistics‐based LR were 0.796 and 0.806, respectively, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.87. AUCs measured using ML‐based LR of "ENoG," "difference in NET," "Yanagihara," and all three components ("all") were 0.910, 0.834, 0.711, and 0.901, respectively. Conclusion: ML‐based LR model shows potential in predicting facial synkinesis probability resulting from Bell's palsy or Ramsay Hunt syndrome and has comparable reliability to the conventional statistics‐based LR. Level of Evidence: 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rotaviruses, the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide, are classified into G and P genotypes on the basis of 2 outer capsid proteins, viral protein (VP) 7 and [...]

Maxillomandibular repositioning in orthognathic surgeries has both morphologic and functional effects. These surgeries are thought to change the pharyngeal space and cause obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, however. The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of jaw movement in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery on airway function and to identify the morphometric factors that can predict postoperative airway function. The subjects were 11 males and 12 females who had undergone orthognathic surgeries of the maxilla and mandible. The results of cephalometric analysis, cross‐sectional area of the pharynx (CSA), pharyngeal volume and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were compared. The CSA of the nasal (CSA1), total volume and total nasal volume decreased after surgery with statistical significance. Velocity at the oropharyngeal space (V2) increased after surgery with statistical significance. V2, CSA of the oropharyngeal space (CSA2) and PV were correlated with the horizontal posterior movement of point B, point Menton and overjet. V2 and CSA2 were correlated with SNB before and after surgery in all 46 analyses. Changes in pharyngeal airflow were more affected by pressure drop in the pharyngeal space (ΔPp) than by pressure drop in the nasal space (ΔPn). The relationship between the actual amount of change in the cephalometric reference point and the airway function is evident. CFD may thus be very useful as morphological analysis in preoperative treatment decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]