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Abstract We investigated the difference in optical coherence tomography angiography characteristics between the patients with compressive optic neuropathy (CON, n = 26) and glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON, n = 26), who were matched for the severity of visual field defect. The peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in the nasal and temporal sectors was thinner in the CON group, whereas the inferior pRNFL thickness was thinner in the GON group. Accordingly, the CON group had lower peripapillary vessel density (pVD) in the nasal and temporal sectors, and the GON group in the inferior sector. In the macular area, the CON group had a thinner macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer in the superior and nasal sectors, whereas the GON group in the inferior sector. However, the CON group did not have a lower macular VD than the GON group in any sector, whereas the GON group exhibited lower superficial capillary plexus VD in the superior, inferior, and temporal sectors. Comparison of the structure–vasculature correlation revealed a significant difference in the nasal and temporal peripapillary areas and superior and nasal macular sectors; a decrease in VD was greater in the GON group than in the CON group when the comparable structural change occurred.

Abstract We investigated the relationship between foveal avascular zone (FAZ)-related parameters, assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), and visual field (VF) progression in early-stage open-angle glaucoma (OAG) eyes with central visual field (CVF) defects. Early-stage glaucoma eyes [VF mean deviation (MD) ≥ − 6 dB] with CVF defects were included. The rates of longitudinal change in FAZ-related parameters and structural parameters were evaluated and compared between VF progressors and non-progressors, using linear mixed effects models. Cox proportional hazards model and linear regression models were used to identify factors associated with VF progression, the VF MD reduction rate and the change rate of mean total deviation in central 12 VF points (MTD10). A total of 131 eyes were included and VF progression was detected in 32 eyes (24.4%) during 3.45 years of follow-up. The rates of reduction in vessel density in the 300 µm width annular region surrounding the FAZ (FD300) and macular ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer thickness (mGCIPLT) were significantly faster in progressors than in non-progressors. The faster VF MD or MTD10 reduction rates were associated with faster rates of FD300 loss and mGCIPLT reduction. The FD300 reduction rate is significantly associated with VF progression in early-stage OAG eyes with CVF defects. FD300 may be an adjunctive biomarker of VF progression in glaucomatous eyes with CVF defects.

Abstract Our study evaluated the clinical outcomes after implantation of a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) with enhanced intermediate function in eyes with epiretinal membrane (ERM). Patients with preexisting ERM who underwent cataract surgery with implantation of monofocal IOL with enhanced intermediate function were included retrospectively. According to the ERM grade and central subfield thickness (CST) obtained from preoperative optical coherence tomography, patients were divided into non-fovea-involving and fovea-involving ERM groups. At 1 month after surgery, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), contrast sensitivity, defocus curve, and satisfaction questionnaire were evaluated. Postoperative clinical findings were compared with age-matched controls without ERM. A total of 50 patients’ eyes (28 and 22 in the non-fovea-involving and fovea-involving ERM groups, respectively) were compared with 42 control eyes. One month post-surgery, significant differences in UDVA, CDVA, and CST (corrected P was

Abstract Background In cases with advanced glaucomatous disc changes, further changes associated with other optic neuropathies cannot be easily identified. We present a case of preexisting open-angle glaucoma and concurrent involvement of sarcoidosis-associated optic neuropathy. Case presentation A 53-year-old man presented with gradual visual loss in his left eye, which began 1 year ago and accelerated 3 months ago. The best-corrected visual acuity in the right eye was 20/20 and counting fingers in the left. Intraocular pressures (IOP) were 12 mmHg in the right eye and 34 mmHg in the left. We diagnosed him with advanced open-angle glaucoma in the left eye based on the advanced glaucomatous cupping of the left optic disc. The IOP in the left eye dropped to 10 mmHg and was well controlled with antiglaucomatous medication; however, his left optic disc developed pallor 3 months after the treatment. The patient was revealed to be diagnosed with sarcoidosis a month ago and had been treated with systemic corticosteroids thereafter by a pulmonologist. Orbital magnetic resonance imaging revealed sarcoidosis-associated optic neuropathy in the left eye. Subsequently, optic neuropathy occurred in his right eye. Conclusions In eyes with advanced glaucomatous disc change, detecting the coexistence of other optic neuropathies can be difficult. This report highlights the importance of careful ophthalmic examinations and investigation for etiologies of other optic neuropathies if non-glaucomatous changes are suspected even in eyes with advanced glaucoma.

Promosi merupakan suatu bentuk komunikasi antara konsumen dan penjual. Promosi juga merupakan salah satu strategi pemasaran sebuah produk dengan menggunakan media yang mampu menarik perhatian audience. Seiring berkembangnya zaman maka banyak cara promosi yang dapat dilakukan. Salah satunya dengan melakukan promosi secara digital. Dusun Semilir menggunakan promosi digital menggunakan beberapa platform, yaitu TikTok dan Instagram. Pada platform Instagram, Dusun Semilir aktif melakukan promosi pada fitur Instagram Story dan Instagram Feeds. Audience kurang tertarik dengan konten yang telah disajikan oleh Dusun Semilir pada saat low season sehingga menyebabkan turunnya insight Instagram Dusun Semilir. Selain itu engagement rate Instagram Dusun Semilir mempunyai angka di bawah rata-rata. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membantu Dusun Semilir menaikan engagement rate Instagram dan insight Instagram agar brand image Dusun Semilir tetap terjaga. Metode penelitian campuran kualitatif dan kuantitatif serta strategi penelitian linear digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Dari hasil penelitian ini, audience menyukai new media interaktif yaitu filter Instagram sebagai media promosi soft selling yang interaktif.

Abstract Background Social distancing has been increasingly implemented following the COVID-19 pandemic and more people have been working from home. Consequently, the screen time has increased, which can disrupt the natural sleep-wake cycle and delay sleep onset. Given that studies on the health of employees who work from home remain insufficient, particularly with respect to the risk of sleep disorders including insomnia, this study aimed to assess the relationship between working from home and insomnia among workers using data from the 5th Working Conditions Survey conducted in Korea. Methods Of 30,108 wage workers, we enrolled 818 employees who worked from home and 4,090 employees who worked from the office, a 1:5 pair sample based on sex and occupational group. Personal and occupational characteristics, working from home, and insomnia were included in the analysis. Age, education, employment status, working years, working hours per week, work-life balance, self-perceived health, depression, and anxiety were all adjusted as potential confounding variables. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed using working from home as an independent variable and insomnia as a dependent variable to determine the correlation between working from home and insomnia. Results Working from home was associated with sleep onset latency disorder, OR = 3.23 (95% CI: 2.67–3.91), sleep maintenance disorder, OR = 3.67 (95% CI: 3.02–4.45), and non-restorative sleep, OR = 3.01 (95% CI: 2.46–3.67); working from home had a statistically significant relationship with all three types of insomnia. Conclusions Within the limits of the study, these findings can be used as a fundamental basis for the implementation of policies and guidelines to prevent insomnia in workers who work from home.

Background/purpose: As calcium silicate cements (CSCs) have been successfully used in various types of vital pulp therapy, many new CSC products have been developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibilities and mineralization potential of new CSC. The experimental materials were NeoMTA Plus and EndoSequence Root Repair Material-Fast Set Putty (ERRM-FS) which were compared to ProRoot MTA. Materials and methods: In vitro, the effects of the new CSC on stem cells were evaluated. Each CSC was prepared for cell viability testing, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, and calcium ion release assay. In vivo, the exposed pulp model was used for the partial pulpotomy procedure. Thirty-six teeth were treated with three materials: ProRoot MTA, NeoMTA Plus, or ERRM-FS. After four weeks, the teeth were extracted and processed for histologic analysis. Dentin bridge formation, pulp inflammation, and odontoblastic cell layer were evaluated and the area of newly formed calcific barrier of each group was measured. Results: Three CSCs demonstrated similar cell viability on stem cells and the levels of ALP and calcium release were not significantly different between tested materials. ProRoot MTA and ERRM-FS showed better tissue healing process than NeoMTA Plus after partial pulpotomy, in terms of quality of calcific barrier and pulp inflammation. The outcomes from measuring newly formed calcific area demonstrated no significant differences between the materials. Conclusion: NeoMTA Plus and ERRM-FS displayed similar biocompatibilities and mineralization potential compared to ProRoot MTA. Therefore, these new CSCs can be used as desirable alternatives to ProRoot MTA.

Context: The cytologic diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is not fully accepted. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of p16 gene is helpful for differentiation between malignant and benign mesothelial proliferation. We analyzed the sensitivity of cytologic examination for the diagnosis of MPM. Design: We reviewed medical records of 37 cases with nonsarcomatoid pleural mesothelioma (28 epithelioid, 9 biphasic) that were diagnosed between 2000 and 2014. We retrospectively analyzed cell blocks of serosal effusions with atypical mesothelial cells and biopsy samples with p16 FISH from 16 patients with nonsarcomatoid mesothelioma (12 epithelioid, 4 biphasic). Results: Twenty-nine of 37 cases (78%) had a fluid cytology specimen before histologic confirmation. Twelve (41%) received a cytologic diagnosis of positive for malignant mesothelioma, 6 (21%) were suggestive of mesothelioma, and 3 (10%) were designated atypical; 3 (10%) were misclassified as positive for adenocarcinoma, and the remaining 5 (17%) were classified as benign. As a result, 83% of the patients with MPM have atypical cells in cytology samples. Homozygous deletion (HD) of p16 gene was observed both in cell blocks and biopsy samples of 69% (11 of 16) of the patients. Conclusions: We confirmed that the results of p16 gene FISH on cell blocks is as reliable as on tissue sections. Cytologic diagnosis of mesothelioma with serosal effusions could have been possible in 57% of cases of nonsarcomatoid mesotheliomas. We suggest that confirmation of the mesothelial origin of atypical cells with immunohistochemistry accompanied by analysis of HD of p16 gene is needed for the cytologic diagnosis of mesothelioma., K. Hiroshima (1); D. Wu (1); M. Hasegawa (2); E. Ko (3); Y. Sekine (3); D. Ozaki (4); T. Yusa. (5) Departments of (1) Pathology/ (2) Respirology, and (3) Thoracic [...]