Search

Considering that both La2Fe14B and Ce2Fe14B compounds exhibit similar weak temperature-dependent anisotropic fields (HA) as Y2Fe14B, this work aims to clarify the elevated temperature behavior of melt-spun nanocrystalline La- or Ce-partially substituted stoichiometric Y2Fe14B alloys containing no critical rare earth elements. The results show that La-substituted (Y1−xLax)2Fe14B alloys (x = 0–0.5) show exceptional elevated temperature behavior, manifested by the increased coercivity with increasing temperature. For the Ce-substituted (Y1−xCex)2Fe14B alloys, only x = 0.1 and 0.2 alloys show the similar trend. Both the temperature coefficient of remanence α and coercivity β can be improved by La-substituted, indicating partial substitution La can effectively enhance the thermal stability of Y2Fe14B alloy. However, excess La or Ce substitution would reduce α and β value, resulting in the deterioration of thermal stability. Highest β values of 0.05 and − 0.08 have been obtained in (Y0.9La0.1)2Fe14B alloy at 300–400 K and (Y0.8La0.2)2Fe14B alloy at 300–500 K, respectively. In addition, Ce substitution can effectively enhance the coercivity of Y2Fe14B alloy at room temperature and La substitution does not show a beneficial effect on the room-temperature magnetic properties. This work is beneficial for developing high-performance/cost ratio permanent magnets based on abundant rare earth elements with superior thermal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible supercapacitors (SCs) have shown great potential for portable electronic devices due to ultra-long lifetime and high power characteristics. However, low energy densities of SCs hinder their practical applications. Herein, mesoporous C60 fullerene micro-particles (mCF) are prepared using Krätschmer-Huffman method, followed by solvent extraction and column chromatography for purification. The as-prepared mCF is characterized by XRD, EIMS, XPS, EDX, SEM, Raman spectroscopy and BET analysis, respectively. The mCF supported on carbon cloth (mCF@CC) is used as the electrode to study charge storage properties. The mCF@CC exhibits excellent capacitance of 440 F/g at 2 A/g, good rate capability of 84.85% at high current density of 12 A/g and stable life up to 10000 cycles. Additionally, the mCF@CC electrode possesses good flexible characteristics and presents almost same performance after 1000 bending cycles. Thus, mesoporous C60 fullerene micro-particles can be employed as negative electrode material for the flexible next generation supercapacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic effects on grain yield (GY) were determined in four wheat crosses using mixed inheritance model. GY in cross 1 was controlled by Model E while it was under control of Model E-1 in other crosses. Additive effects of two major genes were observed in cross 1 while additive effects due to several polygene and negative additive effects related to the major genes were observed in controlling GY in the rest of the crosses. Transgressive segregates in the segregating populations of all the crosses indicated the presence of favorable and adverse genes in the parents for GY. Major genes heritability was higher than that of the polygene in the segregating populations of all the crosses with highest environmental influence. Additively controlled nature of the trait predicts that selection of desirable recombinants for higher GY may be delayed up to advance generations until favorable genes are accumulated in homozygous condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) have demonstrated great potential for energy storage due to their exceptional electrical conductivity, large surface area, and wide compositional range. Metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) is a widely used top-down technique for fabricating silicon micro/nanostructures. SiNWs fabricated by MACE exhibit significant surface areas and diverse surface chemistry. Since the material composition and surface chemistry have a significant impact on the electrochemical energy storage performance, integrating SiNWs with diverse materials like porous carbon, metal oxides/sulfides, and polymers, can establish composites with excellent properties. Hence, it is imperative to meticulously fabricate SiNW-based materials with customizable morphologies and enhanced electrochemical energy-storage performance. This review provides an in-depth study of recent advancements in SiNW-based materials with enhanced performance for energy storage systems, such as supercapacitors (SCs) and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). It includes a concise overview of the history, MACE synthesis, and characteristics of SiNWs. Further, it also explores the key elements that influence the MACE process of SiNWs and delves into structural engineering. Additionally, we introduce recent advances in SiNW-based materials for the design of high-performance energy-storage devices, namely SCs and LIBs. Finally, we present the crucial future prospects of SiNW-based materials for energy-storage applications., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

A high capacitance and widened voltage frames for an aqueous supercapacitor system are challenging to realize simultaneously in an aqueous medium. The severe water splitting seriously restricts the narrow voltage of the aqueous electrolyte beyond 2 V. To overcome this limitation, herein, we proposed the facile wet-chemical synthesis of a new CuSe-TiO 2 -GO ternary nanocomposite for hybrid supercapacitors, thus boosting the specific energy up to some maximum extent. The capacitive charge storage mechanism of the CuSe-TiO 2 -GO ternary nanocomposite electrode was tested in an aqueous solution with 3 M KOH as the electrolyte in a three-cell mode assembly. The voltammogram analysis manifests good reversibility and a remarkable capacitive response at various currents and sweep rates, with a durable rate capability. At the same time, the discharge/charge platforms realize the most significant capacitance and a capacity of 920 F/g (153 mAh/g), supported by the impedance analysis with minimal resistances, ensuring the supply of electrolyte ion diffusion to the active host electrode interface. The built 2 V CuSe-TiO 2 -GO||AC-GO||KOH hybrid supercapacitor accomplished a significant capacitance of 175 F/g, high specific energy of 36 Wh/kg, superior specific power of 4781 W/kg, and extraordinary stability of 91.3% retention relative to the stable cycling performance. These merits pave a new way to build other ternary nanocomposites to achieve superior performance for energy storage devices.

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm consisting of 45 genotypes were clustered phenotypically using ten morphological traits and Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) as measure of stripe rust resistance. The clustering was ratified by using twenty three molecular markers (SSR, EST and STS) linked to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) resistant QTLs. The aim was to asses the extent of genetic variability among the genotypes in order to select the parents for crossing between the resistant and susceptible genotypes with respect to stripe rust. The Euclidian dissimilarity values resulted from phenotypic data regarding morphological traits and AUDPC were used to construct a dendrogram for clustering the accessions. Using un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic means, another dendrogram resulted from the similarity coefficient values was used to distinguish the genotypes with respect to stripe rust. Clustering based on phenotypic data produced two major groups and five clusters (with Euclidian dissimilarity ranging from 244 to 16.16) whereas genotypic data yielded two major groups and four clusters (with percent similarity coefficient values ranging from 0.1 to 46.0) to separate the gene pool into highly resistant, resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and susceptible genotypes. With few exceptions, the outcome of both type of clustering was almost similar and resistant as well as susceptible genotypes came in the same clusters of molecular genotyping as yielded by phenotypic clustering. As a result seven genotypes (Bakhtawar-92, Frontana, Saleem 2000, Tatara, Inqilab-91, Fakhre Sarhad and Karwan) of diverse genetic background were selected for pyramiding stripe rust resistant genes as well as some other agronomic traits after hybridization.