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51. CD44(+)/CD24(-) cells are transit progenitors and do not determine the molecular subtypes and clinical parameters in breast carcinomas

Author

Chang-lu Ma, Huixiang Li, Yuhui Yin, Zhenhe Suo, Kejia Xu, Yishan Liu, Huiyan Lü, and Xinquan Lü

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, CA 15-3, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Breast cancer, Structural Biology, Breast Fibroadenoma, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Carcinoma, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Neoplasm Invasiveness, skin and connective tissue diseases, Neoplasm Staging, CD44, Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast, CD24 Antigen, medicine.disease, Immunohistochemistry, Hyaluronan Receptors, Phenotype, Fibroadenoma, biology.protein, Neoplastic Stem Cells, Female, Stem cell, Breast carcinoma
Abstract

CD44(+)/CD24(-) cells have been associated with breast cancer stem/progenitor cell features. However, the status of this phenotype cells in normal, benign and malignant breast tissues has not been studied, and the clinical correlation of this subpopulation in breast cancer is not fully understood. The present study sought to identify these cells in a series of normal, benign, and malignant breast tissues and explore their correlation to the molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma and conventional pathological features. Double-staining immunohistochemistry (DIHC) of CD44 and CD24 was performed on 30 normal breast tissues, 30 breast fibroadenomas (FA), 60 breast invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC), and 3 breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-231). In the normal breast tissues and FAs, three phenotypes were observed including CD44(+)/CD24(+), CD44(+)/CD24(-), and CD44(-)/CD24(-) cells. In the IDCs, CD44(-)/CD24(+) cells were detected, in addition to the three aforementioned phenotypes. The strong positive rate (+++, incidence >60%) of CD44(+)/CD24(-) was significantly increased from normal breast tissue, FAs to IDCs (0.0%-->6.7%-->21.7%). However, the CD44(+)/CD24(-) cells didn't correlate with ages of patients, lymph node metastasis, tumor size, molecular subtypes, and the expression of ER, PR, HER-2, PS2, Bcl-2, nm23. The proportion of CD44(+)/CD24(-) cells in MCF-7, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-231 was about 1, 5, and 80%, respectively. The results indicate that the CD44(+)/CD24(-) cells are transit progenitors and have no association with the molecular subtypes and clinicopathological parameters in the IDCs.

Published
2011

52. Application of the two-source energy balance model with microwave-derived soil moisture in a semi-arid agricultural region

Author

Yanhao Xu, Lisheng Song, William P. Kustas, Kejia Xue, Shaomin Liu, Mingguo Ma, Tongren Xu, and Long Zhao

Subjects
TSEB-SM, TSEB, Soil moisture stress, Validation, Intercomparison, Physical geography, GB3-5030, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical component of the water, carbon and energy cycles of the land surface. Remote sensing-based models provide the possibility of mapping ET from field to regional and even global scales. A key boundary condition of the Two-Source Energy Balance (TSEB) model for computing ET is land surface temperature (LST). The proposed modification to TSEB is to use a combination of near surface soil moisture (SM) derived by microwave and LST as dual boundary conditions along with a more physically-based transpiration formulation for computing ET. Both TSEB and TSEB-SM were applied to an irrigated agricultural area with surrounding semi-arid sparse natural vegetation. In general, TSEB-SM model performance when compared to measured fluxes was similar to the TSEB model. However, the TSEB-SM model computed more reliable estimates of LE under dry soil surface/low vegetation cover conditions, primarily in the arid and semiarid natural ecosystems surrounding the irrigated agricultural area. These comparisons indicate that TSEB-SM may provide more reliable flux estimation and ET partitioning over sparsely vegetated areas compared to the traditional formulations used in TSEB. With reliable microwave remote sensing of soil moisture, TSEB-SM has potential for ET monitoring in both natural and agricultural landscapes.

Published
2022
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53. MUC-1-/ESA+ progenitor cells in normal, benign and malignant human breast epithelial cells

Author

Xinquan, Lü, Huixiang, Li, Kejia, Xu, Jahn M, Nesland, and Zhenhe, Suo

Subjects
Stem Cells, Mucin-1, Humans, Membrane Proteins, Breast Neoplasms, Epithelial Cells, Female, Breast, Fibrocystic Breast Disease, Immunohistochemistry
Abstract

The existence of mammary epithelial stem/progenitor cells has been demonstrated in MUC-1-/ESA+ subpopulations of breast epithelial cells. However, knowledge about the expression and localization in benign and malignant breast lesions is unknown. Using a double-staining immunohistochemistry method, we investigated MUC-1-/ESA+ cells in 10 normal breast tissues, 49 cases with fibrocystic disease, 40 fibroadenomas, 36 invasive ductal carcinomas and the breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468. In normal breast tissues MUC-1-/ESA+ cells were mainly found in the suprabasal layer, but under the apical surface of the duct/alveolus. In the hyperplastic areas of fibrocystic disease, the number of this subpopulation of cells was higher than that in hypoplastic areas and in fibroadenomas. In invasive ductal carcinoma, the MMUC-1-/ESA+ cells were heterogeneously present in different carcinoma nests. In the MCF-7 cell line most cells were MUC-1-/ESA+, and in the MDA-MB-468 cell line MUC-1-/ESA+ cells and MUC-1-/ESA+ cells were almost equal. Our results show that the MUC-1-/ESA+ subpopulation increases in fibrocystic disease within the hyperplastic areas, and varies in benign and malignant breast tumours, indicating that breast carcinogenesis may develop from malignant changes of normal MUC-1-/ESA+ cells.

Published
2009

55. Supervised Classification Based On Labeled Kernel PCA.

Author

ChuanShuai, Yu, Kejia, Xu, and Li, Zeng

Subjects
SUPPORT vector machines, FEATURE extraction, DISCRIMINANT analysis, CLASSIFICATION, NONLINEAR theories, GRAPHICAL projection, KERNEL functions
Abstract

Abstract: This paper presents a supervised classification based on labeled kernel component analysis (KPCA). KPCA have recently shown to be very effective on extracting nonlinear feature. However, KPCA operates in an unsupervised setting without using the class labels of training inputs to derive informative nonlinear projections. Based on this consideration, we describe a labeled classification method based on KPCA. The experimental results demonstrate that our method is more accurate than Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification method and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classification method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2011
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56. Metabolomics Profiling to Investigate the Pharmacologic Mechanisms of Berberine for the Treatment of High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Author

Jian Li, Zezhou Liu, Mingxing Guo, Kejia Xu, Miao Jiang, Aiping Lu, and Xiaoyan Gao

Subjects
*LIPID metabolism, *ALKALOIDS, *ANIMAL experimentation, *BIOMARKERS, *BIOLOGICAL assay, *CYTOKINES, *DIET, *FATTY liver, *FAT content of food, *HIGH performance liquid chromatography, *INFLAMMATION, *MASS spectrometry, *PHOSPHOLIPIDS, *RATS, *RESEARCH funding, *STATISTICAL sampling, *T-test (Statistics), *UNSATURATED fatty acids, *DATA analysis software, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *MANN Whitney U Test, *ONE-way analysis of variance
Abstract

Objective. Berberine has been used to treat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which has been addressed in many studies. In this study, we investigated the molecular pharmacology mechanisms of berberine using metabolomic techniques. Methods. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (10 rats in each group): (i) normal control group; (ii) high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced NASH model group; and (iii) HFD berberine-treated group (i.d. 200mg/kg). The handling procedure lasted eight weeks. Then, UPLC-Q-TOF/MS techniques coupled with histopathology and biochemical analyses were adopted to explore the mechanisms of berberine on the protective effects against NASH. Key Findings. (i) According to conventional test results, berberine treatment plays a fighting role in HFD-induced NASH due to its beneficial effects against insulin resistance, inflammation, and lipid metabolism. (ii) Based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS techniques, metabolic profiles that involved sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC), 13-hydroperoxy-9, 11-octadecadienoic acid (13-HpODE), eicosatrienoic acid, docosatrienoic acid, and eicosenoic acid could provide potential metabolic biomarkers to address the pharmacological mechanisms of berberine. Conclusions. The parts of molecular pharmacological mechanisms of berberine for NASH treatment are related to the regulation of metabolic disruption involving phospholipid and unsaturated fatty acids in rats with NASH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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