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Purpose: To determine the effect of lens status (pseudophakic vs phakic) on diabetic vitreous hemorrhage (VH) resolution time. Methods: Medical records were reviewed retrospectively for each case of diabetic VH until resolution, pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), or loss to follow-up. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to determine predictors of diabetic VH resolution time through estimated hazard ratios (HRs). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis compared differences in the resolution rate by lens status and other significant factors. Results: Overall, 243 eyes were included. Pseudophakia (HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.07-2.90; P = .03) and prior PPV (HR, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.77-6.07; P

Local field potentials (LFPs) represent the summation of periodic (oscillations) and aperiodic (fractal) signals. Although previous studies showed changes in beta band oscillations and burst characteristics of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson's disease (PD), how aperiodic activity in the STN is related to PD pathophysiology is unknown.The study aimed to characterize the long-term effects of STN-deep brain stimulation (DBS) and dopaminergic medications on aperiodic activities and beta bursts.A total of 10 patients with PD participated in this longitudinal study. Simultaneous bilateral STN-LFP recordings were conducted in six separate visits during a period of 18 months using the Activa PC + S device in the off and on dopaminergic medication states. We used irregular-resampling auto-spectral analysis to separate oscillations and aperiodic components (exponent and offset) in the power spectrum of STN-LFP signals in beta band.Our results revealed a systematic increase in both the exponent and the offset of the aperiodic spectrum over 18 months following the DBS implantation, independent of the dopaminergic medication state of patients with PD. In contrast, beta burst durations and amplitudes were stable over time and were suppressed by dopaminergic medications.These findings indicate that oscillations and aperiodic activities reflect at least partially distinct yet complementary neural mechanisms, which should be considered in the design of robust biomarkers to optimize adaptive DBS. Given the link between increased gamma-aminobutyric acidergic (GABAergic) transmission and higher aperiodic activity, our findings suggest that long-term STN-DBS may relate to increased inhibition in the basal ganglia. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Direct canopy uptake of atmospheric reactive nitrogen (ARN) is an important process, but the magnitude of ARN assimilation in agricultural ecosystems is unclear. We used a combination of a water-culture rice-growing system with a

Self-templating is a facile strategy for synthesizing porous carbons by direct pyrolysis of organic metal salts. However, the method typically suffers from low yields (< 4%) and limited specific surface areas (SSA < 2000 m2 g-1) originating from low activity of metal cations (e.g., K+ or Na+) in promoting construction and activation of carbon frameworks. Here we use cesium acetate as the only precursor of oxo-carbons with large SSA of the order of 3000 m2 g-1, pore volume approaching 2 cm3·g-1, tunable oxygen contents, and yields of up to 15%. We unravel the role of Cs+ as an efficient promoter of framework formation, templating and etching agent, while acetates act as carbon/oxygen sources of carbonaceous frameworks. The oxo-carbons show record-high CO2 uptake of 8.71 mmol·g-1 and an ultimate specific capacitance of 313 F·g-1 in the supercapacitor.This study helps to understand and rationally tailor the materials design by a still rare organic solid-state chemistry.

Van Gogh-like 2 (Vangl2), a core planar cell polarity (PCP) component, plays an important role in polarized cellular and tissue morphology induction, growth development and cancer. However, its role in regulating inflammatory responses remains elusive. Here, we report that Vangl2 is upregulated in patients with sepsis and identify Vangl2 as a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling by regulating the protein stability and activation of the core transcription component p65. Mice with myeloid-specific deletion of Vangl2 (Vangl2ΔM) are hypersusceptible to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic shock. Vangl2 deficient myeloid cells exhibit enhanced phosphorylation and expression of p65, therefore, promoting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines after LPS stimulation. Mechanistically, NF-κB signaling-induced-Vangl2 recruits E3 ubiquitin ligase PDLIM2 to catalyze K63-linked ubiquitination on p65, which serves as a recognition signal for cargo receptor NDP52-mediated selective autophagic degradation. Taken together, these findings demonstrate Vangl2 as a suppressor of NF-κB mediated inflammation and provide insights into the crosstalk between autophagy and inflammatory diseases.

Background: Knotted suture bridge repair (KSBR) has been widely proven to be an effective method for rotator cuff repairs. However, the occurrence of type 2 failure after suture bridge repair remains a frequent problem because of the stress concentration and disturbance of tendon perfusion in the medial row. The authors have developed the H-loop knotless double–row repair (HLDR) to counteract these problems. Purpose: To compare the biomechanical and histological outcomes of HLDR and KSBR for rotator cuff tear in the rabbit model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Acute bilateral supraspinatus tears were created on the shoulders of 46 New Zealand White rabbits. HLDR and KSBR were randomly performed on the left side or right side. Thirteen animals each were sacrificed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery (n = 39), with 6 rabbits used for histological evaluation and the other 7 rabbits for biomechanical testing. The remaining 7 animals from the original 46 were only used for initial biomechanical evaluation at week 0. Results: Macroscopically, all repaired tendons were connected to their footprint on the greater tuberosity without postoperative complications at 8 weeks after surgery. The HLDR group had significantly better histological bone–to–tendon integration compared with the KSBR group in terms of fibrocartilage regeneration, collagen composition, and fiber organization. The biomechanical outcomes in the HLDR group were demonstrated to be better than those of the KSBR group at time 0 and 8 weeks after surgery. Conclusion: Both repair techniques were effective for rotator cuff tears in a rabbit rotator cuff tear model; however, HLDR demonstrated more advantages in improving biomechanical properties and histological tendon–to–bone healing compared with KSBR. Clinical Relevance: This animal study suggested that HLDR might be an alternative choice for rotator cuff tears in humans to increase tendon–to–bone healing and reduce the rate of failure to heal.

Ke Zeng,1 Jun Huang,2 Xiaobin Li,2 Junbing Ye,2 Jian Yang,2 Suchuan Zhang3 1Department of Basic Medicine, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Urology, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 3Laboratory Department, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Suchuan Zhang, Laboratory Department, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, No. 42, Shangyihao No.1 Road, Ziliujing District, Zigong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China, Email suche89103627975@126.comObjective: To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in diabetic patients with double J-stent associated infections, and to explore the strategies for prevention and treatment of the infections.Methods: From January 2019 to December 2021, 266 diabetic patients treated with double J-stent placement in our hospital assessed for eligibility were recruited. Urine and double J-stent samples were collected for pathogenicity assay and screened for biofilm bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance were examined.Results: A total of 97 strains (36.5%) of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from urine samples and 129 strains (48.5%) from double J-stent samples (P > 0.05). 3 strains (1.1%) of biofilm bacteria were separated from urine samples and 106 strains (39.8%) from double J-stent samples (P < 0.05). In the double J-stent samples, there were significantly higher ratios of Gram-positive bacteria separated from biofilm bacteria versus the urine-cultured pathogens (44.3%/61.3%, P < 0.05), and higher drug resistance was observed in biofilm bacteria versus urine-cultured pathogens (P < 0.05). Fosfomycin tromethamine showed remarkable susceptibility to both urinary cultured pathogens and double J-stent biofilm bacteria.Conclusion: Diabetic patients with double J-stent biofilm-positive bacteria are mainly Gram-positive bacteria, which are prone to biofilm formation and show strong drug resistance.Keywords: pathogenic bacteria distribution, drug resistance, diabetic patients, double J-stent

The meta- and para-catenated methylene-containing phthalonitrile oligomers were prepared from the reaction of an excess amount of 4,4′-(4,4′-isopropylidenediphenoxy) bis-(phthalic anhydride) (BPADA) with 4,4′-Methylenedianiline (MDA) in a N, N-dimethylformamide/ toluene solvent mixture, followed by end-capping agent with 4-nitrophthalonitrile or 4-phenoxyaniline in a two-step, one-pot reaction. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that both PN oligomers exhibited low softening points. The self-catalyzed curing reactivity of the PN oligomers was confirmed by the isothermal rheological measurements. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis) data of the pre-curing resins were employed to investigate the chemical structure of the pre-cured resins, suggesting that oligomers generated crosslinking sites, including triazine, isoindoline, and phthalocyanine. The results further confirmed the self-catalyzed curing reactivity of the oligomers. Thermal properties were investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), demonstrating good thermal properties of the cured resins. The glass transition temperatures (Tgs) of PIPN-1-325, PIPN-1-350, PIPN-1-375 were in the range of 285–345°C, the 5% weight loss temperature (T5%) was observed at 482°C. The PIPN-2-325, PIPN-2-350, PIPN-2-375 showed Tgs ranging from 293 to 370°C, and T5% of the resins were in the range of 481–501°C. Then the isothermal rheological results of model compound and PN oligomers implied that the curing process of PN oligomers was closely related to the methylene-cyano radical thermal synergistic polymerization (TSP) effect proposed in our previous research, and then a revised curing mechanism (radical TSP mechanism) was proposed.

A series of adenine-containing polyimides (APIs) with intramolecular hydrogen bonding (HB) were prepared from N 1 -(9-(4-aminophenyl)- 9H-purin-6-yl)-2-methoxybenzene-1,4-diamine (b-H-MeO-APA) and commercial dianhydrides. And a systematic comparison between intramolecular and intermolecular HB effects was made using APIs with (b-H-MeO-APIs) and without (b-H-H-API) methoxy group. FTIR indicated that the occurrence of intramolecular HB originated from the side MeO group ortho to -NH-. XRD indicated that the introduction of side group MeO and corresponding intramolecular HB could destroy the orderly stacking of b-H-H-APIs. Birefringence and polarized ATR FTIR studies showed that the groups and chains in b-H-MeO-APIs films could also be simultaneously self-arranged in the in-plane direction. In contrast, the orientation degree in the in-plane direction is generally lower than that of b-H-H-APIs. The b-H-MeO-APIs films showed lower water absorption, higher Tg, and lower CTE compared to b-H-H-APIs films, which indicates that the introduction of intramolecular HB may have some positive influence in controlling water absorption, Tg, and CTE.