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Unter „Medikationsfehler“ versteht man ein „Abweichen von dem für den Patienten optimalen Medikationsprozess, das zu einer grundsätzlich vermeidbaren Schädigung des Patienten führt oder führen könnte. Medikationsfehler können jeden Schritt des Medikationsprozesses betreffen und von jedem am Medikationsprozess Beteiligten … verursacht werden.“ Sie sind sowohl ein gesundheitsrelevantes als auch ein gesellschaftliches und letztlich auch ein ökonomisches Problem. Aufgrund der prinzipiellen Vermeidbarkeit von Schädigungen für Patienten sind Beachtung und Minimierung von Medikationsfehlern für das öffentliche Gesundheitswesen geboten und für die Forschung von zunehmender Bedeutung.

Item does not contain fulltext OBJECTIVES: The EULAR (European League Against Rheumatism) Scleroderma Trials and Research Group (EUSTAR) has identified preliminary criteria for very early diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). Our aim was to assess the prevalence of each proposed diagnostic item in a large observational patient cohort with Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). METHODS: Baseline data of 469 RP patients enrolled into the Very Early Diagnosis of Systemic Sclerosis (VEDOSS) cohort are presented. RESULTS: 68% of all RP patients were antinuclear antibody (ANA) positive. ANA+ RP patients more frequently had previous or current puffy fingers (PuFi) (38.5% and 23.3%, p

Background: The new extended definition of ‘adverse reaction’ according to the revision of the pharmaceutical legislation in 2012 explicitly includes noxious and unintended effects resulting from medication errors. The 2010 pharmacovigilance legislation provides the legal basis for the[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 21. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Arzneimittelanwendungsforschung und Arzneimittelepidemiologie, 9. Deutscher Pharmakovigilanztag

Septic rupture of the common carotid artery following total thyroidectomy may rapidly lead to exsanguination. We present a case report of a 16-year-old girl, diagnosed with a questionable thyroglossal duct cyst. Following the initial operative intervention with local excision of the cyst including resection of the medial part of the hyoid bone, pathology revealed papillary carcinoma. Thus secondary total thyroidectomy with locoregional lymphadenectomy was performed. One week later, a wound infection developed, necessitating lavage and drainage. On the 8th postoperative day, a dramatic bleeding of the right common carotid artery occurred. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in the literature with a septic bleeding of the common carotid artery following total thyroidectomy after one week.

Fünf Sinne hat der Mensch. Damit wir die Welt als Ganzes wahrnehmen, müssen sie clever kooperieren und manchmal sogar regelrecht miteinander verschmelzen.

Fünf Sinne hat der Mensch. Und die sollten möglichst reibungslos zusammenarbeiten, damit unsere Wahrnehmung ein Ganzes ergibt. Doch wie bewerkstelligen unsere grauen Zellen die senso­rische Integration überhaupt?

We studied the encoding of stimulus orientation in the visual cortex of alert animals using information theoretic methods. Based on a ‘labeled-line’ code, the encoding of orientation was mostly synergistic and only few pairs coded redundant. The synergy contributed about 20 of the information and was strongest for sites with distinct tuning curves. A recently proposed decomposition of synergy revealed that redundancy introduced by common tuning preferences is more than just compensated by noise correlations which mostly contributed synergistically. Based on a pooled response code the contribution of noise correlations diminished resulting in a severe information loss. Thus, to operate economically, cortical neurons should either employ a labeled-line code or, if using pooled responses, be highly selective in choosing afferents.

The invention provides surfactant-containing cosmetic, dermatological, and pharmaceutical agents comprising at least one water-soluble or water-swellable copolymer obtainable by free-radical copolymerization of A) acryloyldimethyltaurine and/or acryloyldimethyltaurates, B) if desired, one or more further olefinically unsaturated, noncationic comonomers, C) if desired, one or more olefinically unsaturated, cationic comonomers, D) if desired, a silicon-containing component(s), E) if desired, a fluorine-containing component(s), F) if desired, one or more macromonomers, G) the copolymerization taking place if desired in the presence of at least one polymeric additive, H) with the proviso that component A) is copolymerized with at least one component selected from one of the groups D) to G).

INI's posters

To compute attributed graphs based upon calculation of the minimum spanning tree (MST) for various applications in diagnostic lung pathology.The study design included assistance in histologic diagnosis, confirmation of the diagnosis in single cases, measurement of texture alterations after induction chemotherapy, estimation of prognosis of operated-on lung cancer patients and analysis of lung cancer cells in association with differentiation markers. The histologic slides were Feulgen stained, and features of the integrated optical density (IOD) were associated with the nodes of the MST. The same procedure was applied to immunohistochemically and ligand histochemically stained slides by calculation of the mean staining intensity of the cytoplasm of tumor cells. A measure for structural entropy was introduced by computing the relative differences in distance and IOD between neighboring tumor cells in a 1/r2 field of force. In addition, the current of entropy was computed.Structural entropy reflects alterations in regular textures; the current of entropy is an especially good prognostic parameter in lung cancer. In immunochemistry and ligand histochemistry, construction of the attributed MST permits detailed insight into locally different staining behavior of tumor cells and immunocompetent cells.Attributed graphs contain important information that can be used for the estimation of survival or for confirmation of diagnostic entities, such as tumor cell types.

Twenty-three adult patients (19 females, 4 males) with x-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (HPR) underwent a retrospective evaluation of the clinical course and a clinical examination by a nephrologist, orthopedic surgeon and dentist. Blood and urine analysis, bone density measurements with QCT and DEXA, ultrasonic examination of the kidneys were performed and the patients were asked to fill in a standardized questionnaire on pain and psychosocial rehabilitation. Mean final height was 152.4 cm +/- 8.5 SD in females and 157.3 cm +/- 8.9 SD in males. Decreased joint mobility was seen in all patients, deviations of the normal leg axis in 18/23 patients in spite of 69 correcting osteotomies in the past. Dental (n = 14) and psychosocial problems were associated with inability to work (n = 8). There was a trend that patients with a very low Tp/GFR had a more severe course of the disease. Early therapy with vitamin D metabolites and phosphate had a beneficial effect on growth, bone density and deformations. Eight patients had nephrocalcinosis due to vitamin D and phosphate therapy and had normal kidney function. Four patients had urinary tract abnormalities. We conclude that patients with HPR should receive continuous interdisciplinary care given by nephrologists, orthopedic surgeons, physiotherapists and dentists not only during childhood but also as adults.