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The patient was a 63-year-old man. He underwent laparoscopic anterior resection of a rectal cancer when he was 60 years. The tumor was diagnosed as T3N0M0, Stage Ⅱ, and he was followed up without adjuvant chemotherapy. Two years and 9 months after surgery, anemia and increased levels of tumor markers were observed. CT scan revealed a mass in the mesentery. We suspected rectal cancer recurrence and performed partial resection of the jejunum with regional lymph node dissection. As the tumor appearance and histological findings were similar to those of the previous rectal cancer, the tumor was diagnosed as hematogenous metastasis of rectal cancer with lymph nodes metastasis. The hematogenous metastasis of rectal cancer to the small intestine is rare; however, it may cause metastasis to regional lymph nodes. Therefore, lymph node dissection may be necessaryin surgical interventions for metastatic tumors of the small intestine.

Background Despite recent advances in systemic chemotherapy, the prognosis of patients with peritoneal metastases from gastric cancer still remains poor. Nonetheless, several efficacious intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimens have recently been developed for patients with peritoneal metastases. However, no study has investigated the effectiveness of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for metachronous peritoneal metastases from gastric cancer after curative surgery. Case presentation We herein report a case of a 65-year-old man who had metachronous peritoneal metastases from gastric cancer after curative total gastrectomy who had been successfully treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy. One month after surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 was initiated given a final pathological stage of IIIB (pT4aN2M0). However, during adjuvant chemotherapy 12 months after surgery, tumor marker levels, which had been within normal range before surgery, increased with abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealing pelvic ascites. Thereafter, staging laparoscopy was performed, and the patient was diagnosed with peritoneal recurrence of gastric cancer. Following staging laparoscopy, an intraperitoneal access port was subcutaneously implanted for subsequent intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Combined chemotherapy with intraperitoneal and intravenous administration of paclitaxel and oral S-1 was then provided. After one course of combined chemotherapy, peritoneal lavage cytology was negative for malignancy. CT showed gradually decreasing ascites, whereas tumor marker levels returned to normal. The patient continued chemotherapy without major side effects and remained progression-free for 33 months with 36 chemotherapy cycles. Conclusions A combination regimen including intraperitoneal chemotherapy could be a promising option for patients with peritoneal recurrence after gastric cancer surgery.

Background There have been two reports on preserving the proximal gastric tube by using intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG)-based photodynamic detection to evaluate blood flow through the anastomosis for gastric tube cancer after esophagectomy. However, in those cases, the period since the first operation was > 3 years 11 months, and there have been no reports of cases with < 1-year periods after the first operation. Case presentation A 59-year-old man underwent video-assisted thoracic subtotal esophagectomy and gastric tube reconstruction after two courses of preoperative chemotherapy for middle thoracic esophageal cancer. After half a year, follow-up upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a submucosal tumor in the posterior wall of the pre-pyloric region. We performed a biopsy, and the results led to a diagnosis of gastric cancer (moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma: tub2). Clinically, the patient was described as having stage IB (cT2N0M0) gastric cancer of the reconstructed gastric tube. To avoid total gastrectomy, we tried to evaluate the blood flow of the proximal part of the gastric tube by intraoperative ICG-based photodynamic detection. Intraoperative findings confirmed neo-vascularization from the remnant cervical esophagus to the upper region of the gastric tube approximately 7 cm through the esophagogastric anastomosis. Therefore, we dissected the distal part of the gastric tube approximately 4 cm from the esophagogastric anastomosis and then performed Roux-en-Y gastro-jejunostomy via the ante-sternum route. The postoperative course was stable, and the patient was discharged on the 14th postoperative day. Conclusions ICG-based photodynamic diagnosis was found to be simple and less invasive. Therefore, even if the postoperative period is short, this method should be considered for evaluation of blood flow prior to performing less invasive surgery.

Our previous study showed that adhesion molecule with immunoglobulin like domain 2 (AMIGO2) is a pivotal driver gene of liver metastasis via regulating tumor cell adhesion to liver endothelial cells in mouse models. The aim of the present study was to clarify the role of AMIGO2 in liver metastasis in patients the colorectal cancer (CRC). Two human CRC cell lines, Caco-2 (AMIGO2-low) and HCT116 (AMIGO2-high), were used in this study. AMIGO2-overexpressing Caco-2 and AMIGO2-knockdown HCT116 cells were generated by transfection with an AMIGO2 expression vector or AMIGO2 small interfering RNA, respectively. Cell proliferation, invasion and adhesion to human liver endothelial cells were examined in in vitro studies. Immunohistochemical analysis was also performed to evaluate the association between AMIGO2 expression and liver metastasis in patients with CRC. In vitro studies revealed that cell proliferation, invasion and adhesion to liver endothelial cells were accelerated by upregulation of AMIGO2 expression, but suppressed by downregulation of AMIGO2 expression in human CRC cells. Immunohistochemical analysis using clinical CRC specimens revealed that AMIGO2 expression was associated with the frequency of liver metastasis (P

The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) are prognostic parameters for malignancies. Additionally, serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) and cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1) are tumor markers for squamous cell carcinoma. In the present study, the prognostic importance of these markers in patients with resectable thoracic esophageal cancer was investigated. In this retrospective study, 84 enrolled patients diagnosed with resectable clinical stage I-III thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) underwent thoracic esophageal resection and three-field lymph node dissection at Tottori University Hospital between January 2007 and December 2013. The correlations among preoperative patient markers (GPS, NLR, PNI, SCC-Ag and CYFRA 21-1) and the occurrence of postoperative complications and patient survival were analyzed. The operative mortality was 2.4%, and morbidity was 42.9%. Strong correlations between occurrence of postoperative complications and open thoracotomy (P=0.083) and high-serum CYFRA 21-1 (P=0.007) were observed. In 15 patients with high-serum CYFRA 21-1, postoperative complications were detected in 11 of them (73.3%); on the other hand, complications occurred in 25 of 69 (36.2%) with low-serum CYFRA 21-1. The 5-year disease-free survival rate and 5-year overall survival rate of all the patients were 52.2 and 50.8%, respectively. Among the prognostic parameters, preoperative high NLR was determined to be a poor prognostic factor, independent of the tumor stage in the multivariate analysis. These results may indicate that, in patients with preoperative high-serum CYFRA 21-1, more attention should be paid to the occurrence of postoperative complications. Therefore, in such cases, anastomosis between blood vessels of the substitute esophagus and cervical vessels would be recommended. Furthermore, in patients with high preoperative NLR, effective adjuvant chemoradiotherapy should be considered to prolong the patients' survival, even of stage I or II patients.

Port-site metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is extremely rare, and only one case has been reported in the English-language literature. Contamination with malignant cells along the needle tract during percutaneous biopsy or radiofrequency ablation is a well-recognized cause of HCC recurrence. Here, we describe a case of port-site metastasis after laparoscopic liver resection of HCC. The patient, who had undergone laparoscopic partial resection of the left lateral segment of the liver 18 months earlier, was diagnosed with HCC. CT showed a nodule in the abdominal wall where the laparoscopic port had been inserted during resection. Local excision was performed, and histological examination revealed HCC consistent with recurrence after laparoscopic resection. The experience described in this report highlights the risk of port-site metastasis of HCC. Imaging for oncologic surveillance after laparoscopic resection must include all port sites.

A case of spontaneous regression of transverse colon cancer is reported. A 64-year-old man was diagnosed as having cancer of the transverse colon at a local hospital. Initial and second colonoscopy examinations revealed a typical cancer of the transverse colon, which was diagnosed as moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent right hemicolectomy 6 weeks after the initial colonoscopy. The resected specimen showed only a scar at the tumor site, and no cancerous tissue was proven histologically. The patient is alive with no evidence of recurrence 1 year after surgery. Although an antitumor immune response is the most likely explanation, the exact nature of the phenomenon was unclear. We describe this rare case and review the literature pertaining to spontaneous regression of colorectal cancer.

Port-site metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is extremely rare, and only one case has been reported in the English-language literature. Contamination with malignant cells along the needle tract during percutaneous biopsy or radiofrequency ablation is a well-recognized cause of HCC recurrence. Here, we describe a case of port-site metastasis after laparoscopic liver resection of HCC. The patient, who had undergone laparoscopic partial resection of the left lateral segment of the liver 18 months earlier, was diagnosed with HCC. CT showed a nodule in the abdominal wall where the laparoscopic port had been inserted during resection. Local excision was performed, and histological examination revealed HCC consistent with recurrence after laparoscopic resection. The experience described in this report highlights the risk of port-site metastasis of HCC. Imaging for oncologic surveillance after laparoscopic resection must include all port sites.

Background and Objectives Gastric cancer patients with intraperitoneal cancer cells have extremely poor prognoses, because they frequently develop peritoneal metastasis. The aim of the current study is to clarify the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with intraperitoneal free cancer cells who do not have recurrences. Methods This study examined 1,985 gastric adenocarcinoma patients who underwent gastrectomies at our institution between January 1975 and December 2000. Results The 5-year survival rate of advanced gastric cancer patients with intraperitoneal free cancer cells, but no macroscopic peritoneal metastases (P0Cy1), is 15.3%. Multivariate analysis identified only lymph node metastasis as an independent prognostic indicator in P0Cy1 patients. The 5-year survival rates of P0Cy1 patients were 62.5%, 19.1%, 17.6%, and 9.4% in n0, n1, n2, and n3 patients, respectively. Peritoneal recurrence was observed significantly more often in P0Cy1 patients than in advanced gastric cancer patients without intraperitoneal free cancer cells. Conclusions Our data indicate that prognoses of P0Cy1 patients without lymph node metastasis are good, whereas the prognoses of those with lymph node metastasis are extremely poor. Therefore, radical surgery and adequate adjuvant chemotherapy should be performed for P0Cy1 patients with no lymph node metastasis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:534–537. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

In the report, we describe the first case of laparoscopic ovarian transposition prior to pelvic radio-chemo therapy in a young female patient with advanced rectal cancer in Japan. A 14-year-old female visited a hospital because of consistent diarrhea and melena. Colonoscopy examination showed a bulky tumor of the rectum, which was diagnosed as moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis was cT3N2aM1a (due to lymph node in pelvic side wall), cStage IVA. In an attempt to improve local control and sphincter preservation, neoadjuvant concurrent radio-chemo therapy was planned. Considering that pelvic irradiation particularly in young female might cause ovarian failure, laparoscopic ovarian transposition was carried out prior to pelvic irradiation. Sequentially the patient underwent low anterior resection of the rectum and lymphadenectomy including pelvic side wall. The menstruation was maintained with delay for 6 months after adjuvant chemotherapy. There is no evidence of cancer recurrence at 3 years after the surgery. In premenopausal patients with rectal cancer undergoing pelvic irradiation, laparoscopic ovarian transposition is one of the choices to prevent ovarian failure.

Laparoscopic total gastrectomy is not widely performed because of the difficulty of esophagojejunal reconstruction. This study analyzed complication rates of two different methods for reconstruction by a circular stapler after totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG). Between 2010 and 2014, clinical data of 19 patients who underwent TLTG for gastric adenocarcinoma were collected retrospectively. There were two methods to fix the anvil of a circular stapler into the distal esophagus: In the single-stapling technique (SST) group, Endo-PSI(II) was used for purse-suturing on the distal esophagus for reconstruction, and in the hemi-double-stapling technique (hemi-DST) group, the esophagus was cut by linear stapler with the entry hole of the anvil shaft opened after inserting the anvil tail. In both groups, surgical procedures were the same, except for the reconstruction. All TLTGs were performed securely without mortality. Intracorporeal laparoscopic esophagojejunal anastomosis was performed successfully for all the patients. In the hemi-DST group, four patients experienced anastomotic stenosis, three of whom required endoscopic balloon dilation. In contrast, no stenosis was seen in the SST group (p = 0.033). Anastomosis with SST is preferred to that with hemi-DST to minimize postoperative complications.

Gastric cancer patients with intraperitoneal cancer cells have extremely poor prognoses, because they frequently develop peritoneal metastasis. The aim of the current study is to clarify the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with intraperitoneal free cancer cells who do not have recurrences.This study examined 1,985 gastric adenocarcinoma patients who underwent gastrectomies at our institution between January 1975 and December 2000.The 5-year survival rate of advanced gastric cancer patients with intraperitoneal free cancer cells, but no macroscopic peritoneal metastases (P0Cy1), is 15.3%. Multivariate analysis identified only lymph node metastasis as an independent prognostic indicator in P0Cy1 patients. The 5-year survival rates of P0Cy1 patients were 62.5%, 19.1%, 17.6%, and 9.4% in n0, n1, n2, and n3 patients, respectively. Peritoneal recurrence was observed significantly more often in P0Cy1 patients than in advanced gastric cancer patients without intraperitoneal free cancer cells.Our data indicate that prognoses of P0Cy1 patients without lymph node metastasis are good, whereas the prognoses of those with lymph node metastasis are extremely poor. Therefore, radical surgery and adequate adjuvant chemotherapy should be performed for P0Cy1 patients with no lymph node metastasis.