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1,502 results on '"K. Ranga"'

59. Hippocampus shape analysis and late-life depression.

Author

Zheen Zhao, Warren D Taylor, Martin Styner, David C Steffens, K Ranga R Krishnan, and James R MacFall

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Major depression in the elderly is associated with brain structural changes and vascular lesions. Changes in the subcortical regions of the limbic system have also been noted. Studies examining hippocampus volumetric differences in depression have shown variable results, possibly due to any volume differences being secondary to local shape changes rather than differences in the overall volume. Shape analysis offers the potential to detect such changes. The present study applied spherical harmonic (SPHARM) shape analysis to the left and right hippocampi of 61 elderly subjects with major depression and 43 non-depressed elderly subjects. Statistical models controlling for age, sex, and total cerebral volume showed a significant reduction in depressed compared with control subjects in the left hippocampus (F(1,103) = 5.26; p = 0.0240) but not right hippocampus volume (F(1,103) = 0.41; p = 0.5213). Shape analysis showed significant differences in the mid-body of the left (but not the right) hippocampus between depressed and controls. When the depressed group was dichotomized into those whose depression was remitted at time of imaging and those who were unremitted, the shape comparison showed remitted subjects to be indistinguishable from controls (both sides) while the unremitted subjects differed in the midbody and the lateral side near the head. Hippocampal volume showed no difference between controls and remitted subjects but nonremitted subjects had significantly smaller left hippocampal volumes with no significant group differences in the right hippocampus. These findings may provide support to other reports of neurogenic effects of antidepressants and their relation to successful treatment for depressive symptoms.

Published
2008
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60. Does antidepressant therapy improve cognition in elderly depressed patients?

Author

Doraiswamy, P. Murali, Krishnan, K. Ranga Rama, Oxman, Thomas, Jenkyn, Lawrence R., Coffey, David J., Burt, Tal, and Clary, Cathryn M.

Subjects
Cognition -- Testing, Depression in old age -- Care and treatment, Health, Seniors
Abstract

Objectives. To analyze the effects of antidepressants on cognitive functioning in elderly depression. Methods. Data were pooled for elderly participants with major depression from two double-blind 12-week studies (n = 444) comparing sertraline to fluoxetine and to nortriptyline. A cognitive battery was performed pre-treatment and post-treatment that included the Shopping List Task (SLT), which quantifies short-term and long-term memory storage and retrieval, and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), which measures visual tracking, motor performance, and coding. Results. Older age, male gender, higher systolic blood pressure, and higher illness severity were associated with lower performance on specific cognitive measures at baseline. For the entire group, improved depression and a lower anticholinergic side effect (dry mouth and constipation) severity were associated with statistically significant improvement in the SLT and DSST. The correlations between improvements in depression and improvement in tested cognitive function were highest for sertraline followed by nortriptyline and then fluoxetine. Conclusions. Acute improvement in depression is associated with cognitive improvement as measured by the SLT and DSST. Prospective studies are warranted to study the effects of potential differences among antidepressant therapies on long-term cognitive outcomes in geriatric depression.

Published
2003

61. Depression and bipolar support alliance consensus statement on the unmet needs in diagnosis and treatment of mood disorders in late life

Author

Charney, Dennis S., Reynolds, Charles F., III, Lewis, Lydia, Lebowitz, Barry D., Sunderland, Trey, Alexopoulos, George S., Blazer, Dan G., Katz, Ira R., Meyers, Barnett S., Arean, Patricia A., Borson, Soo, Brown, Charlotte, Bruce, Martha L., Callahan, Christopher M., Charlson, Mary E., Conwell, Yeates, Cuthbert, Bruce N., Devanand, D.P., Gibson, Mary Jo, Gottlieb, Gary L., Krishnan, K. Ranga, Laden, Sally K., Lyketsos, Constantine G., Mulsant, Benoit H., Niederehe, George, Olin, Jason T., Oslin, David W., Pearson, Jane, Persky, Trudy, Pollock, Bruce G., Raetzman, Susan, Reynolds, Mildred, Salzman, Carl, Schulz, Richard, Schwenk, Thomas L., Scolnick, Edward, Unutzer, Jurgen, Weissman, Myrna M., and Young, Robert C.

Subjects
Affective disorders -- Care and treatment, Affective disorders -- Demographic aspects, Aged -- Psychological aspects, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
2003

62. Zonisamide for weight loss in obese adults: a randomized controlled trial

Author

Gadde, Kishore M., Franciscy, Deborah M., Wagner, H. Ryan, II, and Krishnan, K. Ranga R.

Subjects
Obesity -- Drug therapy
Abstract

The drug zonisamide combined with a reducing diet can be an effective weight loss method, according to a study of 60 obese men and women. Over an eight-month period, those who took the drug along with dieting lost about 10% of their body weight compared to a 2% weight loss in those who only dieted. Zonisamide is an anti-convulsant drug that was found to cause weight loss as a side effect of treatment.

Published
2003

68. Sertraline treatment of major depression in patients with acute MI or unstable angina

Author

Glassman, Alexander H., O'Connor, Christopher M., Califf, Robert M., Swedberg, Karl, Schwartz, Peter, Bigger, J. Thomas, Jr., Krishnan, K. Ranga Rama, Zyl, Louis T. van, Swenson, J. Robert, Finkel, Mitchell S., Landau, Charles, Shapiro, Peter A., Pepine, Carl J., Mardekian, Jack, and Harrison, Wilma M.

Subjects
Sertraline -- Evaluation, Depression, Mental -- Drug therapy, Cardiac patients -- Psychological aspects
Abstract

The antidepressant drug sertraline is safe when used to treat depression in patients who have unstable angina or who have had a heart attack. Angina is the medical term for chest pain originating in the heart. In a study of 369 patients, sertraline had no adverse effects on the heart when compared to a placebo, or inactive substance.

Published
2002

69. National depressive and manic-depressive association consensus statement on the use of placebo in clinical trails of mood disorders. (Perspectives)

Author

Charney, Dennis S., Nemeroff, Charles B., Lewis, Lydia, Laden, Sally K., Gorman, Jack M., Laska, Eugene M., Borenstein, Michael, Bowden, Charles L., Caplan, Arthur L., Emslie, Graham J., Evans, Dwight L., Geller, Barbara, Grabowski, Lenore E., Herson, Jay, Kalin, Ned H., Keck, Paul E., Jr., Kirsch, Irving, Krishnan, K. Ranga R., Kupfer, David J., Makuch, Robert W., Miller, Franklin G., Pardes, Herbert, Post, Robert, Reynolds, Mildred M., Roberts, Laura, Rosenbaum, Jerrold F., Rosenstein, Donald L., Rubinow, David R., Rush, A. John, Ryan, Neal D., Sachs, Gary S., Schatzberg, Alan F., and Solomon, Susan

Subjects
Affective disorders -- Research, Medical research -- Standards, Placebos -- Usage, Depression, Mental -- Research, Bipolar disorder -- Research, Health, Psychology and mental health
Published
2002

73. Prospective study on antibiotic prescription in South Indian pediatric population – a pediatrician’s and parent’s perspective

Author

K. Dinesh, K. Rangasamy, and V. Sreenivasan

Subjects
Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Background: Soaring rates of antibiotic prescriptions to children have led to antibiotic resistance in the community. Thus, prescribing, dispensing, administering, and using medication needs special attention in the current scenario. Objectives: To study the pattern and rationality of antibiotic use in pediatric patients (1 month to 18 years of age) by using the patient records & prescription and to assess parents' awareness of treatment received and antibiotic awareness by using a questionnaire. Materials and Methods: It was a Prospective study performed at Pediatric OPD of Vinayaka Missions Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospital for 6 months wherein a total of 1200 paediatric OPD and IPD patients were included. The patient’s/caretaker’s adequacy of each parameter was given a Score of 1 and a Score of 0 for inadequacy. Based on these seven parameters, each patient was given a Score of a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 7. Results: The patients included Neonates (6%), infants (8%), children (56%) and adolescents (30%). Results showed that 58% of male patients were majorly affected than female pediatric individuals (42%). The use of antibiotics was observed only in 14 out of 1200 prescriptions. Among the antibiotics, cefotaxime was the most frequently prescribed medication. As per the sum of scores obtained by the patients, 492 (42%) of 1200 patients understood their drug use parameters moderately, followed by well-understood 408 (34%) and poorly understood 300 (24%). Conclusion: This study highlights the rational use of antibiotics among patients and healthcare professionals, thus paving the way to minimize antibiotic resistance.

Published
2023
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81. Depression and social support in elderly patients with cardiac disease

Author

Krishnan, K. Ranga Rama, George, Linda K., Pieper, Carl F., Jiang, Wei, Arias, Rebekka, Look, Adair, and O'Connor, Christopher

Subjects
Social networks -- Health aspects, Depression, Mental -- Social aspects, Cardiac patients -- Psychological aspects, Aged -- Psychological aspects, Health
Published
1998

93. Dr. Schneider and Colleagues Reply

Author

SCHNEIDER, LON S., NELSON, J. CRAIG, CLARY, CATHRYN M., NEWHOUSE, PAUL, KRISHNAN, K. RANGA RAMA, SHIOVITZ, TOM, and WEIHS, KAREN

Published
2004

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