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El cambio climático ha captado la atención del mundo entero, en especial por los problemas presentados en el planeta con mayor relevancia, en lo que va corrido del siglo XXI. América Latina sale a relucir, no por la cantidad de emisiones de gases efecto invernadero (GEI), sino por la oportunidad que tiene de brindar al mundo un equilibrio que mitigue el impacto, como su oferta de bosques y el sumidero que representa, estas formas de compensación y daño de las actividades económicas responsables del efecto invernadero, pueden ser analizadas con interés desde instrumentos como las externalidades e internalidades de manera global. La participación de los países de América Latina y el Caribe en el escenario internacional, así como los acuerdos multilaterales sobre medio ambiente (amumas) que están vigentes en la actualidad, deben ser de vital importancia en la globalización y en el comercio internacional donde, se regulan y manejan las condiciones de producción, distribución y consumo de bienes y servicios económicos. Abstract: Climate change has attracted worldwide attention, especially due to the problems experienced on the planet, in particular in these first years of the 21st century. Latin America stands out, not because of the amount of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), but because it has the opportunity to provide a balance to the world that will mitigate the impact, with its forests and its representation as a sink. These forms of compensation and damage to economical activities responsible for the greenhouse effect can be analyzed with instruments such as externalities and internalities in a global way. The participation of Latinamerican and Caribbean countries in the international arena, as well as, multilateral environmental agreements (amumas) that are in force nowadays, have been vital in globalization and international trade where conditions of production, distribution and consumption of economical goods and services are regulated and managed.

El presente trabajo desarrolla dos líneas de investigación en temas de pobreza y derechoshumanos en las comunidades del cajón del Río Queuco en el Alto Bio Bio, Chile. La primera es un estudio del caso de la relocalización de la comunidad de Nehuen Mapu en el fundo San Ramón en la comuna de Santa Bárbara desde la Comunidad de Malla Malla. La segunda es el contexto general de evaluación de la política indígena desde la perspectiva del derecho al desarrollo y los derechos humanos. En la primera línea se emplea la metodología cualitativa de investigación-acción, en la segunda la combinación de análisis de datos cualitativos y cuantitativos para los enfoques de evaluación. Los resultados obtenidos definen las causas y consecuencias de la relocalización de la comunidad y permiten postular un modelo de análisis y evaluación de la política indígena en Chile.

Este artigo visa pensar a estratégia, que em sua origem era estritamente uma metodologia da ação, como modelo semiótico. Para isso, toma como objeto a descrição literária da guerra de guerrilha praticada pelos árabes contra os turcos na sua histórica revolta contra o Império Otomano entre 1916 e 1918. A hipótese é que o êxito da estratégia adotada pelos árabes deve-se ao rompimento da guerrilha com um programa narrativo clássico, no qual se reconhece claramente um sujeito e um percurso de busca por um objeto-valor. Ao romper com um percurso narrativo canônico, o modelo de comportamento estratégico da guerrilha escapa à inteligibilidade e apela para o emocional. A guerrilha manifesta-se, antes de tudo, como dispositivo tensivo: uma ameaça absoluta, constante e indefinida que pode ser melhor compreendida à luz de uma “semiótica dos acontecimentos”. Palavras-chave: semiótica da estratégia; guerrilha; percurso narrativo Abstract Semiotic and strategic models – This article discusses the concept of strategy – whose origin was strictly a methodology of action – as a semiotic model. To this end, it takes as its object a literary description of guerrilla warfare as practiced by the Arabs against the Turks in their historical revolt against the Ottoman Empire from 1916 to 1918. The hypothesis here is that the success of the strategy the Arabs adopted is due to the guerillas’ break from a classical narrative program, which is circumscribed by a clearly recognized subject and the quest for a value-object. By breaking away from the canonical narrative schema, the model of strategic behavior of guerrilla warfare escapes from intelligibleness and appeals to the emotional. Guerrilla warfare is manifested, above all, as a tensional device: an absolute, constant and undefined threat, which can be better understood in the light of a “semiotic of events”. Key words: semiotics; strategy; guerrilla warfare; narrative itinerary

En el presente artículo se esbozan algunas ideas de importancia relacionadas con el producto interno bruto, algunas variables de éste y el sistema de cuentas ambientales, tomando como ejemplo de ilustración el caso colombiano. Se hace un análisis de los componentes del sistema de Cuentas Nacionales – Cuentas Satelitales, la participación del medio ambiente en relación con el desarrollo sostenible macroeconómicamente, expresados de manera teórica, ecuacional, gráfica y analítica.

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Real-world evidence on the impact of monoclonal antibodies as first-line treatment in Spain is limited. This observational, retrospective and prospective, multicenter, descriptive study included 117 transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (TIE-NDMM) patients divided into Group A, who received no daratumumab standard regimens, and the DVMP group (daratumumab, bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone treatment). More than 90% of the patients in Group A received bortezomib, lenalidomide, or a combination of them. The median follow-up time for Group A was 38.2 months in comparison to 25.8 months for the DVMP group (p < 0.0001). The rate of DVMP patients that experienced disease progression or death from any cause was 36.8%, compared to 67.3% of Group A patients at 36 months of follow-up. The DVMP group had a higher 36-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate (52.9% vs. 31.7%). During the retrospective period, 73.0% of patients reported adverse drug reactions, while in the prospective period, 40.5% experienced adverse events, with no clinical differences between groups. The study supports the use of daratumumab regimens in frontline therapy based on real-world data. The findings provide valuable insights into the clinical outcomes of daratumumab therapy, which can help physicians make informed decisions regarding the optimal treatment approach for this patient population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The biostratigraphic analysis of the Paleozoic sedimentary successions in Mexico is crucial for understanding their age, depositional setting, and paleogeographic implications. This study examined conodonts and microfacies of calcareous strata within the Del Monte Formation of the Tamatán Group in northeastern Mexico. Field observations have led to the identification of three units within the Del Monte Formation: Unit 1, characterized by calcareous sandstone, bioclastic limestone, shale, occasional conglomerate, and dolomitized beds; Unit 2, consisting of conglomerate and/or breccia associated with debris flows; and Unit 3 including turbiditic sandstone and shale. Conodonts were only recognized in Unit 1, with such genera as Idiognathoides, Neognathodus, Idiognathodus and less frequently, Streptognathodus, Adetognathus, and Diplognathodus. The faunal associations include Idiognathoides cf. Id. corrugatus Harris & Hollingsworth, 1933, Idiognathoides sulcatus sulcatus Higgins & Bouckaert, 1968, Idiognathoides convexus (Ellison & Graves, 1941), Idiognathoides asiaticus Nigmadganov & Nemyrovskaya, 1992, Neognathodus cf. N. atokaensis Grayson, 1984, Neognathodus aff. bothrops Merrill, 1972, Neognathodus nataliae Alekseev & Gerelzezeg, 2001 (in Alekseev & Goreva 2001), Streptognathodus parvus Dunn, 1966, Idiognathodus incurvus Dunn, 1966, and Idiognathodus aff. delicatus Gunnell, 1931, suggesting Morrowan and Atokan (Pennsylvanian) ages for the dolomitic limestone and grainstone beds. Five types of microfacies (MF) and several marine facies zone (FZ) have been detected: MF1-bioclastic grainstone and MF2-wackestone deposited at the platform margin (FZ 6 and FZ 7), MF3-dolomitized wackestone representing an inner restricted platform (FZ 8), MF4-mudstone from a deeper water zone (FZ 4), and MF5-siliciclastic beds with bioclasts indicating a high-energy barrier associated with a platform margin (FZ 6). The findings confirm a shallow to deep platform and imply a connection among Mexican peri-Gondwanan basins, including the Tamatán Basin, indicating similarities in sedimentary facies and/or depositional environments linked to the Rheic Ocean during the Early to Middle Pennsylvanian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cenozoic Sierra de San Carlos-Cruillas (SSCC) magmatic complex belongs to the Eastern Mexican Alkaline Province (EMAP). The SSCC mainly consists of plutonic and subvolcanic bodies displaying diverse lithological compositions. These rocks exhibit both OIB- and arc-like geochemical characteristics. In this contribution, we present new petrographic, geochemical, isotopic, and geochronological data of the Rincón Murillo Gabbro (RMG), situated in the southern part of the SSCC. The RMG is nepheline normative and displays an OIB-like intraplate character. Laser ablation ICP-MS U-Pb analyses on titanites yielded Oligocene (Rupelian) crystallization ages of 31.8 ± 1.8 and 31.0 ± 1.7 Ma. The 87Sr/86Sr(i) (0.703400–0.704159) and 143Nd/144Nd(i) (0.512732–0.512815) ratios indicate a mantle origin. Trace element data indicate the participation of different enriched mantle components in the source. One component is related to previous subduction processes, generating the HFSE-depleted arc-like magmas of San José Gabbro in the northern part of SSCC. The second component is related to deep mantle melts with a slightly carbonatitic signal and HFSE-enriched fluids derived from the subducted Hess conjugate plateau generating different enriched sources in the upper mantle under the SSCC. The passage, eclogitization, detachment and foundering of the Hess plateau gave rise to an asthenospheric upwelling that triggered the low to moderate partial melting degrees (3–15%) of an amphibole-bearing garnet peridotite, generating the OIB-like parental magmas of RMG, located in the southern part of SSCC. Two-component mixing, and AFC models indicate that variable degrees of crystal fractionation and minor crustal assimilation are involved in the evolution of Rincón Murillo Gabbro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]