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This study involves an analysis of the web content of 30 award winning companies regarding diversity and perceived company openness to employing people with disabilities. The results are mixed: some websites appear designed with disabilities in mind while others reveal constraints to website job access which in turn can result in underemployment and talent underutilization of people with disabilities. Based upon these findings, the authors discuss and make recommendations to optimize website designs that welcome people with disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine radiocarbon (14C) is a widely used tracer of past ocean circulation, but very few high-resolution records have been obtained. Here, we report a time series of carbon isotope abundances of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in surface seawater collected from the Newport Beach pier in Orange County, within the Southern California Bight, from 2005 to 2010. Surface seawater was collected bimonthly and analyzed for Δ14C, δ13C, and salinity. Results from May 2005 to November 2010 show no long-term changes in δ13C DIC values and no consistent variability that can be attributed to upwelling. Δ14C DIC values have lowered from ~34‰ to about ~16‰, an 18‰ decrease from the beginning of this project in 2005, and is consistent with the overall 14C depletion from the atmospheric thermonuclear bomb pulse at the end of the 1950s. &dELTA;14C DIC values, paired with salinity, do appear to be suitable indicators of upwelling strength with periods of upwelling characterized by more saline and lower DIC Δ14C values. However, a similar signal was not observed during the strong upwelling event of 2010. These results were obtained in the Southern California Bight where upwelling is fairly weak and there is a complex oceanographic circulation in comparison with the remaining western USA coastline. It is therefore likely that the link between DIC Δ14C, salinity, and upwelling would be even stronger at other sites. These data represent the longest time series of Δ14C data from a coastal Southern California site performed to date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous studies have found that feminine characteristics of the mother stereotype interact with masculine characteristics of the ideal worker stereotype with the result that mothers are perceived more negatively than are fathers and nonparents when the job is male-typed. Our research investigated potential biases in evaluations of mothers performing a gender-neutral job. Our choice of a gender-neutral job was intended to reduce lack of fit perceptions between "mother" and "ideal worker." We assigned participants to one of four experimental conditions crossing target gender (male, female) and parental status (nonparent, prospective parent requesting parental leave). After reviewing performance information, participants evaluated the targets on job-related traits and predicted future behavior. Results indicated that mothers were judged significantly more negatively than were fathers, while male and female nonparents were judged similarly. We argue that sex-based stereotypes persist in the context of gender-neutral jobs and serve to disadvantage working mothers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Speleothems from Wanxiang Cave, China (33°19′ N, 105°00′ E), located near the northern limit of the East Asian summer monsoon, provide high-resolution records of paleomonsoon variability. We present a simple model for interpreting δ 18O shifts in speleothems from this region in which the δ 18O of speleothem calcite is inversely related to monsoon intensity. In contrast to observations at higher latitudes, atmospheric temperature has little effect on δ 18O of precipitation near Wanxiang Cave. Furthermore, the temperature dependence of calcite–water δ 18O fractionation acts in the opposite sense, most likely canceling out the effect of local temperature variations on speleothem δ 18O. Given this, the maximum δ 18O shift that could occur due only to changes in the composition of the oceanic source region, the amount of rainfall, and the amount of evaporation between full glacial conditions with a weak summer monsoon and full interglacial conditions with a strong summer monsoon is 5.5‰. Accordingly, it is necessary to invoke changes in past atmospheric circulation patterns and in the ratio of summer to winter precipitation to explain the nearly 7‰ range observed in fossil Wanxiang Cave speleothems. Two stalagmites, WXSM 51 and WXSM 52, exhibit more positive δ 18O during stadial periods (marine isotope stages [MIS] 8, 6, 5d, 5b, and 2) than during interstadial periods (MIS 9, 5a, 5c, 5e). Thus, East Asian summer monsoon intensity is generally decreased during globally cooler periods and increased during globally warmer periods. We present detailed δ 18O records from MIS 5a–5b and 5c–5d. During the MIS 5d–5c transition, summer monsoon intensity increased steadily from 117.6 ka, with a peak in intensity occurring at 106.8 ka, concurrent with Greenland Interstadial 24. During the MIS 5b–5a transition, monsoon intensity increased abruptly at about 85.7 ka, when δ 18O decreased by approximately 4‰ in 200 years. Monsoon variability, inferred from the MIS 5c–5d and MIS 5a–5b records, closely coincides with global climate changes observed in the GISP2, Vostok, and SPECMAP records, and with the Northern Hemisphere insolation curve. This suggests that East Asian summer monsoon intensity varies in phase with global climate fluctuations and is largely controlled by variations in Northern Hemisphere incident solar radiation. The MIS 5a–5b and 5c–5d paleomonsoon records from Wanxiang Cave also agree well with other records of Asian monsoon variability indicating that δ 18O of speleothems from Wanxiang Cave is a valid proxy for past changes in monsoon intensity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The following review provides a summary of and comment on Timothy M. Devinney's article entitled “Is the Socially Responsible Corporation a Myth? The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly of Corporate Social Responsibility.” I argue that Devinney provides a convincing explanation for the failure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in current predatory, oligopolistic business practices. His exposition provides an initial and necessary first step towards addressing the inequitable systems of organization that contribute to our social and environmental problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A record from Wanxiang Cave, China, characterizes Asian Monsoon (AM) history over the past 1810 years. The summer monsoon correlates with solar variability, Northern Hemisphere and Chinese temperature, Alpine glacial retreat, and Chinese cultural changes. It was generally strong during Europe's Medieval Warm Period and weak during Europe's Little Ice Age, as well as during the final decades of the Tang, Yuan, and Ming Dynasties, all times that were characterized by popular unrest. It was strong during the first several decades of the Northern Song Dynasty, a period of increased rice cultivation and dramatic population increase. The sign of the correlation between the AM and temperature switches around 1960, suggesting that anthropogenic forcing superseded natural forcing as the major driver of AM changes in the late 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]