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51. Effect of glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition in patients with acute pancreatitis

Author: Johann Ockenga, Kinan Rifai, Michael P. Manns, Stephan C. Bischoff, and Kersten Borchert
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Pancreatic disease, Glutamine, Nutritional Status, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Gastroenterology, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Lymphocyte Count, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Serum Albumin, Cholinesterase, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, business.industry, Albumin, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Parenteral nutrition, Pancreatitis, Acute Disease, biology.protein, Acute pancreatitis, Female, Parenteral Nutrition, Total, business, Biomarkers
Abstract: The management of acute pancreatitis (AP) frequently includes parenteral nutrition, but conditionally essential amino acids such as glutamine are not included in conventional total parenteral nutrition (TPN).This study was conducted to determine whether the inclusion of glutamine has a beneficial effect in patients with AP receiving TPN.In a randomized, controlled study 28 patients with AP received either a standard TPN with 1.5 g/kg body weight protein or an isonitrogen, isocaloric TPN which contains 0.3 g/kg L -alanine- L -glutamine. Patients were assessed for nutritional and inflammatory parameters, infectious complications, length of TPN, length of hospital stay (LOS) and cost of TPN.There were no side-effects related to glutamine substitution observed. Glutamine was associated with a significant increase of cholinesterase, albumin and lymphocyte count in AP as well a decrease of C-reactive protein compared to standard TPN at day 14. There was a reduced length of TPN (10 [6-16] vs 16 [10-18] days, P0.05) and a trend of reduced LOS (21 [14-32] vs 25 [19-40] days) in AP patients receiving glutamine. The overall cost per patient for TPN did not differ (gln+: 929+/-586 vs gln-: 981+/-507 euro/patient).Our results suggest that glutamine substitution is beneficial and does not increase the overall cost of parenteral feeding in patients with acute pancreatitis.
Published: 2002
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52. [Untitled]

Author: Joachim Mössner, Johann Ockenga, Volker Keim, and Niels Teich
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Hereditary pancreatitis, business.industry, Trypsinogen, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, medicine.disease, Cystic fibrosis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chronic disease, chemistry, Internal medicine, Medicine, Pancreatitis, Genetic risk, business
Published: 2002
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53. Darmtuberkulose: leichter zu übersehen als zu sichern

Author: I Schedel, B Soudah, A. Widjaja, Peer Flemming, Johann Ockenga, F.-C. Bange, B Högemann, Michael Gebel, M N Göke, J Mellmann, Jörg S. Bleck, M.P. Manns, and A Leppert
Subjects: Crohn's disease, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Colonoscopy, Gastrointestinal pathology, Disease, medicine.disease, Dermatology, Granuloma, medicine, Medical history, Pulmonary pathology, business
Abstract: Intestinal tuberculosis: Easier overlooked than diagnosed. The medical history of two Asian immigrants suffering from intestinal tuberculosis demonstrates the difficulties in finding the correct diagnosis. Intestinal tuberculosis resembles Crohn's disease with regard to clinical symptoms, macroscopic and microscopic intestinal findings. Sonographic, radiologic, endoscopic, and histological examinations facilitate distinguishing both entities. Diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis is made by identification of the causative microorganism in tissue specimens. As this may be difficult and time-consuming, a therapeutic trial with anti-tuberculous agents may be warranted.
Published: 2001
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54. Infection with GB Virus C and Reduced Mortality among HIV-Infected Patients

Author: Hans Heiken, Adriana Knapik-Botor, Bernd Goergen, Judith C. Wilber, Matthias Stoll, Stefan Heringlake, Michael P. Manns, Hans L. Tillmann, Johann Ockenga, Martin McMorrow, Reinhold E. Schmidt, and Jill Detmer
Subjects: Adult, Male, Hepatitis, Viral, Human, HIV Infections, Antibodies, Viral, Virus, BDNA test, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Viremia, Proportional Hazards Models, biology, business.industry, Flaviviridae, HIV, General Medicine, Viral Load, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Survival Analysis, GB virus C, Virology, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Flavivirus, Immunology, Disease Progression, Coinfection, RNA, Viral, Female, Viral disease, business, Viral hepatitis, Viral load
Abstract: The flavivirus GB virus C (GBV-C, also designated hepatitis G virus) was identified in a search for hepatitis viruses, but no disease is currently known to be associated with it. We investigated the relation between coinfection with GBV-C and the long-term outcome in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).A total of 197 HIV-positive patients were followed prospectively beginning in 1993 or 1994. Of these patients, 33 (16.8 percent) tested positive for GBV-C RNA, 112 (56.9 percent) had detectable antibodies against the GBV-C envelope protein E2, and 52 (26.4 percent) had no marker of GBV-C infection and were considered unexposed. We assessed the relation between GBV-C infection and the progression of HIV disease. We also tested 169 GBV-C-positive plasma samples with a quantitative branched-chain DNA (bDNA) assay in order to investigate possible correlations between GBV-C viral load and both the CD4+ cell count and the HIV load.Among the patients who tested positive for GBV-C RNA, survival was significantly longer, and there was a slower progression to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (P0.001 for both comparisons). Survival after the development of AIDS was also better among the GBV-C-positive patients. The association of GBV-C viremia with reduced mortality remained significant in analyses stratified according to age and CD4+ cell count. In an analysis restricted to the years after highly active antiretroviral therapy became available, the presence of GBV-C RNA remained predictive of longer survival (P=0.02). The HIV load was lower in the GBV-C-positive patients than in the GBV-C-negative patients. The GBV-C load correlated inversely with the HIV load (r=-0.33, P0.001) but did not correlate with the CD4+ cell count.Coinfection with GBV-C is associated with a reduced mortality rate in HIV-infected patients. GBV-C is not known to cause any disease, but it is possible that its presence leads to an inhibition of HIV replication. However, GBV-C infection could also be a marker for the presence of other factors that lead to a favorable HIV response.
Published: 2001
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55. Acute phase response and energy balance in stable human immunodeficiency virus–infected patients: A doubly labeled water study

Author: Maren Coors, Ulrich Süttmann, Johann Ockenga, Oliver Selberg, Manfred J. Müller, and Peter Trimborn
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Body water, HIV Infections, Calorimetry, Biology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Heart Rate, Internal medicine, Heart rate, Electric Impedance, medicine, Humans, Resting energy expenditure, Acute-Phase Reaction, Exercise, medicine.diagnostic_test, C-reactive protein, Potassium, Dietary, Water, Receptors, Interleukin-2, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Endocrinology, Blood chemistry, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Basal metabolic rate, Body Composition, biology.protein, Energy Metabolism, Bioelectrical impedance analysis
Abstract: We sought to assess possible associations of the acute phase response with energy balance as a cause of malnutrition in uncomplicated HIV-infection. Seven stable HIV-infected patients and 7 control subjects were followed for 2 weeks for blood chemistry, body composition, total and resting energy expenditure (TEE, REE), heart rate, energy intake, and physical activity; 6 patients were investigated for interleukin-2 receptor. TEE, REE, energy intake, and anthropometric data in patients and control subjects were very similar. However, physical activity, total body potassium, and bioimpedance phase angle were decreased (1.41 ± 0.08 vs 1.55 ± 0.9, 152 ± 10 g vs 191 ± 37 g, and 6.4 ± 0.8 degrees vs 7.1 ± 0.5 degrees; each P < .05), and mean heart rate, fibrinogen, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were increased in HIV-infected patients (84 ± 6 bpm vs 76 ± 8 bpm, 4.3 ± 1.2 g/L vs 2.5 ± 0.4 g/L, and 21 ± 13 mm vs 2 ± 3 mm; P < .05). The deviation between the measured and the predicted REE in the patient group correlated positively with heart rate and serum interleukin-2 receptor concentrations (r = 0.83 and r = 0.91; P < .05). Possible increases in REE caused by an ongoing acute phase response may be counterbalanced by reduced physical activity that results in normal TEE in HIV infection. (J Lab Clin Med 2001;138:94-100)
Published: 2001
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56. Hepatitis C and the Leptin System: Bound Leptin Levels Are Elevated in Patients with Hepatitis C and Decrease During Antiviral Therapy

Author: Elmar Jaeckel, A. Widjaja, Georg Brabant, M.P. Manns, H. L. Tillmann, Rüdiger Horn, Heiner Wedemeyer, A. von zur Muhlen, and Johann Ockenga
Subjects: Adult, Leptin, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, Radioimmunoassay, Alpha interferon, Anorexia, Antiviral Agents, Sensitivity and Specificity, Severity of Illness Index, chemistry.chemical_compound, Age Distribution, Reference Values, Interferon, Internal medicine, Ribavirin, Humans, Medicine, Sex Distribution, Probability, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Gastroenterology, Hepatitis C, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, chemistry, Multivariate Analysis, Immunology, Hypermetabolism, Regression Analysis, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Interferons, medicine.symptom, business, Biomarkers, medicine.drug
Abstract: Serum leptin levels are elevated in alcoholic liver cirrhosis and thus might be involved in the anorexia and hypermetabolism often seen in those patients. We hypothesized that the leptin system is modulated in patients with hepatitis C and might be affected by antiviral therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the different leptin components in serum of patients with hepatitis C before, during and after interferon alpha and ribavirin therapy and in controls.25 patients (11 female, 14 male) with chronic hepatitis C were compared with body mass index, gender and age-matched controls (n = 25). Patients were treated with interferon alpha alone (3 MU tiw) or in combination with ribavirin for 6-12 months. Free leptin and bound leptin levels were measured using specific radioimmunoassays before interferon therapy, at 12 weeks of therapy and after 3 months of follow-up.Free leptin levels were higher in female than in male subjects, both for patients (P0.01) and controls (P0.05). Bound leptin levels were elevated in both female (P0.05) and male (P0.001) patients compared to controls. No alteration of free leptin levels was found during therapy, whereas bound leptin levels decreased after 3 months of therapy (P0.005) and re-increased to the baseline levels 3 months after therapy was stopped. Responder but not non-responder had decreased bound leptin levels (P0.01) comparing pre- and posttreatment levels. However, no significant correlations were determined between any of the leptin components to virus load, ALT, TNF alpha receptor levels (sTNFR-75, sTNFR-55) and histopathology at any time point.Since no correlation was found between the different leptin components and any of the inflammatory markers, the decrease in bound leptin levels during antiviral therapy suggests either a direct interferon-dependent effect on the leptin system or an alteration of other leptin secretagogues.
Published: 2001
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57. Elevated bound leptin correlates with energy expenditure in cirrhotics

Author: Michael P. Manns, Georg Brabant, A. Widjaja, Johann Ockenga, Kinan Rifai, Hans L. Tillmann, Klaus H.W. Böker, and Stephan C. Bischoff
Subjects: Leptin, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, Rest, Body Mass Index, Fat mass, Reference Values, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Resting energy expenditure, Hepatology, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Gastroenterology, Radioimmunoassay, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, Adipose Tissue, Energy expenditure, Body Composition, Female, Energy Metabolism, business, Bioelectrical impedance analysis, Body mass index, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract: Leptin, found to be elevated in patients with liver cirrhosis, may contribute to the inadequate energy expenditure and malnutrition associated with a negative prognosis for these patients. Our aim was to characterize leptin components and their relationships to body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), and substrate use in patients with posthepatic liver cirrhosis.Using specific radioimmunoassays, we measured free leptin and bound leptin in 27 cirrhotics and 27 matched control subjects. In the cirrhotic group, body composition and REE were determined.Free leptin was not different in cirrhotics and control subjects and was related to body mass index (controls: r = 0.34, P0.05; cirrhotics: r = 0.55, P0.005) and to fat mass (cirrhotics: r = 0.76, P0.0001). Bound leptin was significantly higher in cirrhotic subjects than in controls (P0.001) and was related to REE x fat-free mass(-1) (r = 0.57, P0.005) or to the difference between measured and estimated REE (r = 0.55, P0.005).Free leptin reflects fat mass in controls and cirrhotics. Increased serum leptin in cirrhotics is a result of increased bound leptin serum concentrations, which are positively related to energy expenditure. Moreover, bound leptin may be a useful marker for inadequate energy expenditure in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Published: 2000
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58. Nachruf auf Prof. Dr. Herbert Lochs (1946–2015)

Author: Hartmut Schmidt, Johann Ockenga, Mathias Plauth, Michael Trauner, Matthias Pirlich, and Herbert Tilg
Subjects: Philosophy, Gastroenterology, Obituary, Classics
Published: 2015
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59. GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus Infection: A Favorable Prognostic Factor in Human Immunodeficiency Virus—Infected Patients?

Author: Michael P. Manns, Cynthia Jou, Matthias Stoll, Hans L. Tillmann, Natalie Solomon, Reinhold E. Schmidt, Johann Ockenga, Dörte Meissner, Jeffrey Hunt, Christian Trautwein, and Stefan Heringlake
Subjects: Hepatitis, Viral, Human, Viremia, Virus, Flaviviridae, Viral Envelope Proteins, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Risk Factors, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Survivors, Hepatitis, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, biology, Hepatitis B, Prognosis, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Hepatitis C, GB virus C, Virology, Infectious Diseases, Lentivirus, Immunology, Viral disease
Abstract: To investigate a possible influence of GB virus C (GBV-C) in immunocompromised patients, the prevalences of GBV-C RNA and anti-E2 antibody in 197 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and in 120 control blood donors were studied. GBV-C RNA was detected in 33 of 197 HIV-infected patients (16.8%) compared with 1 in 120 blood donors (0.8%) (P < .001). Previous exposure to GBV-C (anti-E2 antibody-positive) was shown in 56.8% of HIV patients and in 9% of blood donors. GBV-C viremia was not associated with hepatitis. Despite approximately equal duration of HIV infection in all subgroups, the CD4 cell counts were significantly higher in GBV-C-viremic patients (344 cells/microL) compared with exposed (259 cells/microL) and unexposed (170 cells/microL) patients (P = .017 and P < .001). Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated significantly better cumulative survival in GBV-C RNA-positive HIV-infected patients, suggesting that GBV-C might be a favorable prognostic factor in HIV disease.
Published: 1998
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60. Hepatitis B and C in HIV-infected patients

Author: Matthias Stoll, Michael P. Manns, Christian Trautwein, Johann Ockenga, Reinhold E. Schmidt, and Hans L. Tillmann
Subjects: Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis, HBsAg, Hepatology, biology, business.industry, Hepatitis C virus, virus diseases, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease_cause, digestive system diseases, Hepadnaviridae, HBeAg, Immunology, Coinfection, medicine, business
Abstract: Background/Aims: There is only limited information on the prevalence and influence of coinfection with either hepatitis B or C on the clinical course in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods: Follow-up was available in 232 HIV-infected patients (age 37±8 years, CD4 count 167±167 μl; 46% had AIDS). Samples were investigated for markers of HBV and HCV infection (HBsAg, HBeAg, HBV-DNA, Anti-HBs, anti-HBc, anti-HCV, HCV-RNA). Results: 60/232 patients (23%) were anti-HCV positive. 78% of these sera were positive for HCV-RNA. 22/232 patients (9%) suffered from chronic HBV infection (HBsAg positive), 1822 (82%) of these sera had detectable HBeAg and 1922 (86%) HBV-DNA. Presence of HCV-RNA, HBeAg and amount of HBV-DNA were related to the degree of immunodeficiency. In contrast to the control group without HBV or HCV infection, patients infected with HIV and either HBV or HCV showed a direct correlation between a reduction in CD4 counts and decreased cholinesterase activity. In patients with AIDS, coinfection with HBV or HCV was associated with a reduced survival compared to controls (HBV: 212 days, 95% CI, 106–317; HCV: 267, 95% CI, 112–396; controls: 439 days, 95% CI, 364–513). Conclusions: Coinfection of HIV and HBV or HCV is frequently observed. Our results suggest that with prolonged survival of HIV-infected patients, coinfection with either HBV or HCV correlates with a reduced survival rate.
Published: 1997
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61. Ernährungsstatus

Author: Edouard Sanson and Johann Ockenga
Published: 2013
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62. Kalorienbedarf

Author: Johann Ockenga and Edouard Sanson
Published: 2013
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63. The puzzle of genes and environmental risk factors for disease susceptibility

Author: Johann Ockenga
Subjects: Genetics, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, HIV Infections, Environmental Exposure, Risk factor (computing), Biology, Disease susceptibility, Infectious Diseases, Endocrinology, Pancreatitis, Environmental risk, Risk Factors, Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic, Internal medicine, Mutation, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Carrier Proteins
Published: 2004
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64. A further piece of the puzzle: positive FOBT, colonoscopy, aspirin and the prevention of colorectal cancer

Author: Johann Ockenga
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Adenoma, Colorectal cancer, Population, Colonoscopy, Rate ratio, Gastroenterology, Chemoprevention, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors, education, Early Detection of Cancer, Aspirin, education.field_of_study, Sulfonamides, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Fecal occult blood, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, Celecoxib, Relative risk, Occult Blood, Pyrazoles, business, Colorectal Neoplasms, medicine.drug
Abstract: COX-2 inhibitors with a statistically significant 34% reduction in overall adenoma recurrence risk (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.60–0.72) and a 55% reduction in advanced adenoma incidence (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.35–0.58) in a population of individuals with a previous history of colonic adenomas. However, no data are available for COX-2 inhibitors for the general population [1] . Although these data are promising, it should be mentioned that both aspirin and COX-2 inhibitors are associated with adverse effects like dyspepsia, gastrointestinal bleeding and haemorrhagic stroke ( table 1 ). Therefore, it will still be important to consider the risk-benefit ratio before recommending these agents for general chemoprevention. Whereas chemoprevention aims to prevent the development of CRC, the use of FOBT and screening colonoscopy target at the early detection of colonic lesions like adenoma or early CRC. It was promptly assumed that early detection and removal of colonic adenomas has the potential to prevent the development of CRC. A systematic review done through the Cochrane Collaboration, examining all CRC screening randomized trials that involved FOBT on more than one occasion, showed that trial participants allocated to screening had a 16% lower CRC mortality (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.78–0.90) [3] . Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the cause of death in more than 600,000 people worldwide and is one of the most frequent cancers in the Western world. Therefore, the search for effective strategies for prevention or detection of adenomas or early CRC with the potential of cure has a high priority. In several countries the current practised strategies include fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) and/ or screening colonoscopies for the detection of colonic cancer or removal of colonic adenomas (polyps). One of the most promising agents for chemoprevention is aspirin or a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor like celecoxib. In the general population, a significant 26% reduction in CRC incidence by aspirin intake was demonstrated in studies with a 23-year follow-up (relative risk (RR) 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.57– 0.97) [1] . In addition, an analysis of aspirin versus no aspirin in individuals with a history of adenomas or CRC has shown a statistically significant 21% reduction in risk of adenoma recurrence (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.68–0.92) [1] . A very recent study on the long-term effect (56 months) of aspirin on cancer risk in carriers of hereditary CRC (CAPP2 Trial) confirmed this positive effect and reported a reduced risk of CRC (incidence rate ratio 0.56, 95% CI 0.32 –0.99, p = 0.05) [2] . Similar data are available for Published online: April 21, 2012
Published: 2012

65. Serum bile acids and leptin interact with glucose metabolism in patients with liver cirrhosis

Author: E. Kasim, Thomas J. Kroencke, Uwe J. F. Tietge, Luzia Valentini, Herbert Lochs, Johann Ockenga, Silja Gläser, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, Georg Brabant, T. Schuetz, A. Omar, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases (CLDM), and Lifestyle Medicine (LM)
Subjects: Adult, Leptin, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Parenteral Nutrition, Cirrhosis, BOUND LEPTIN, Adipose Tissue, White, Deoxycholic acid, Adipose tissue, Carbohydrate metabolism, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Hepatogenous diabetes, Glucagon, ACTIVATION, Bile Acids and Salts, TGR-5, Insulin resistance, Farnesoid X receptor, LIPID-METABOLISM, Internal medicine, medicine, Cholic acid, Humans, GHRELIN, Intestinal Mucosa, Nutrition and Dietetics, RECEPTOR, INSULIN SENSITIVITY, business.industry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, ENERGY-EXPENDITURE, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Postprandial Period, MICE, Endocrinology, Parenteral nutrition, Postprandial, Glucose, Liver, Hyperglycemia, Female, Insulin Resistance, business, Chenodeoxycholic acid
Abstract: Background & aims: We investigated possible involvements of bile acids (BA) and leptin in hepatogenous insulin resistance being present in up to 90% of cirrhotic patients. Methods: Blood was analysed in 10 cirrhotic patients (8m/2f, 48 +/- 10.4 yrs) and 10 controls (8m/2f, 43 +/- 9.3 yrs) after oral nutrition and during 1 h of parenteral feeding. In patients, leptin was additionally analysed from mesenteric and arterial blood. Results: Cirrhosis patients showed typical signs of hepatogenous insulin resistance (hyperinsulinaemia, normoglycaemia, hyperglucagonaemia). Both fasting BA (r = .714, p = 0.047) and fasting leptin (r = .867, p = 0.001) correlated to HOMA and predicted insulin response after oral feeding (R(2)adj = .783, p = 0.002). But during parenteral nutrition only leptin predicted insulin response (p = 0.005). The prandial glucose response was negatively correlated to the BA increase after oral nutrition (r = -.733, p = 0.028) and to the change in leptin during parenteral nutrition (r = -.738, p = 0.037) pointing towards a nutritional route-dependent positive impact on glucose tolerance of both substances. Prandial glucagon response was correlated to BA under both feeding conditions (p Conclusion: Our results suggest a substantial involvement of BA and leptin by improving postprandial glucose tolerance related to liver cirrhosis. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.
Published: 2012

66. Extracorporeal albumin dialysis with the molecular adsorbent recirculating system in acute-on-chronic liver failure: The RELIEF trial

Author: Rajiv Jalan, Steffen Mitzner, Beat Müllhaupt, Wim Laleman, Tilman Sauerbruch, Johann Ockenga, Sambit Sen, Martin Eefsen, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio Gasbarrini, Tanja Brünnler, Ludwig Kramer, Julia Wendon, Alexander Wilmer, Rafael Bañares, Philippe Mathurin, Marco Pavesi, Vicente Arroyo, Albert Parés, Roger Williams, Manuel de la Mata, Agustín Albillos, Alexander Zipprich, Faouzi Saliba, Fin Stolze Larsen, Teresa Tenorio, Matthias M. Dollinger, Frederik Nevens, Sebastian Klammt, Publica, University of Zurich, and Bañares, Rafael
Subjects: Adult, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, medicine.medical_treatment, Multiple Organ Failure, Settore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIA, Population, Alcoholic hepatitis, 610 Medicine & health, Peritonitis, Acute, Gastroenterology, End Stage Liver Disease, Liver disease, Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Renal Dialysis, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, education, Hepatic encephalopathy, Dialysis, Serum Albumin, education.field_of_study, Hepatology, business.industry, liver failure, Settore MED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNA, Liver Failure, Acute, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Transplantation, Hospitalization, Logistic Models, Treatment Outcome, 10219 Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Multivariate Analysis, Female, Sorption Detoxification, 2721 Hepatology, business
Abstract: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a frequent cause of death in cirrhosis. Albumin dialysis with the molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS) decreases retained substances and improves hemodynamics and hepatic encephalopathy (HE). However, its survival impact is unknown. In all, 189 patients with ACLF were randomized either to MARS (n = 95) or to standard therapy (SMT) (n = 94). Ten patients (five per group) were excluded due to protocol violations. In addition, 23 patients (MARS: 19; SMT: 4) were excluded from per-protocol (PP) analysis (PP population n = 156). Up to 10 6-8-hour MARS sessions were scheduled. The main endpoint was 28-day ITT and PP survival. There were no significant differences at inclusion, although the proportion of patients with Model for Endstage Liver Disease (MELD) score over 20 points and with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) as a precipitating event was almost significantly greater in the MARS group. The 28-day survival was similar in the two groups in the ITT and PP populations (60.7% versus 58.9%; 60% versus 59.2% respectively). After adjusting for confounders, a significant beneficial effect of MARS on survival was not observed (odds ratio [OR]: 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.44-1.72). MELD score and HE at admission and the increase in serum bilirubin at day 4 were independent predictors of death. At day 4, a greater decrease in serum creatinine (P = 0.02) and bilirubin (P = 0.001) and a more frequent improvement in HE (from grade II-IV to grade 0-I; 62.5% versus 38.2%; P = 0.07) was observed in the MARS group. Severe adverse events were similar. Conclusion: At scheduled doses, a beneficial effect on survival of MARS therapy in patients with ACLF could not be demonstrated. However, MARS has an acceptable safety profile, has significant dialysis effect, and nonsignificantly improves severe HE. (HEPATOLOGY 2013)
Published: 2012

67. Escitalopram for the prevention of peginterferon-alpha2a-associated depression in hepatitis C virus-infected patients without previous psychiatric disease: a randomized trial

Author: Loni Heinze, Thomas Berg, Thomas E. Schlaepfer, Hans Weidenbach, Michael Rentrop, Konrad Neumann, Andreas Heinz, Ulrich Spengler, Susanne Effenberger, Jens Reimer, Martin Schaefer, Klaus Lieb, Rahul Sarkar, Thomas F. Baumert, Thomas Discher, Ralph Link, V Knop, Astrid Friebe, Gwendolyn Fromm, Stefan Zeuzem, Peter Buggisch, Johann Ockenga, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques (IVH), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Placebo, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Escitalopram, 030212 general & internal medicine, Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Absolute risk reduction, General Medicine, Hepatitis C, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Tolerability, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine.drug
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Depression is a major complication during treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). It is unclear whether antidepressants can prevent IFN-induced depression in patients without psychiatric risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether preemptive antidepressant treatment with escitalopram can decrease the incidence or severity of depression associated with pegylated IFN-alpha in HCV-infected patients without a history of psychiatric disorders. DESIGN: Randomized, multicenter, double-blind, prospective, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00136318) SETTING: 10 university and 11 academic hospitals in Germany. PATIENTS: 181 HCV-infected patients with no history of psychiatric disorders enrolled between August 2004 and December 2008. INTERVENTION: Escitalopram, 10 mg/d (n = 90), or placebo (n = 91) administered 2 weeks before and for 24 to 48 weeks during antiviral therapy. MEASUREMENTS: The primary end point was the incidence of depression, defined as a Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score of 13 or higher. Secondary end points were time to depression, incidence of major depression according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, quality of life, sustained virologic response, tolerability, and safety. RESULTS: 32% (95% CI, 21% to 43%) of the patients in the escitalopram group developed a MADRS score of 13 or higher compared with 59% (CI, 48% to 69%) in the placebo group (absolute difference, 27 percentage points [CI, 12 to 42 percentage points]; P < 0.001). Major depression was diagnosed in 8% of the patients in the escitalopram group and 19% in the placebo group (absolute risk difference, 11 percentage points [CI, 5 to 15 percentage points]; P = 0.031). Tolerability and safety parameters did not differ between the groups. In the escitalopram group, 56% (CI, 46% to 66%) of patients achieved a sustained virologic response compared with 46% (CI, 37% to 57%) in the placebo group (P = 0.21). LIMITATIONS: Results might not be generalizable to patients with previous psychiatric disease. Some patients withdrew or developed temporary elevated MADRS scores after randomization but before the study medication was started. CONCLUSION: Prophylactic antidepressant treatment with escitalopram was effective in reducing the incidence and severity of IFN-associated depression in HCV-infected patients without previous psychiatric disease. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Roche Pharma and Lundbeck.
Published: 2012
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68. COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF A 3-MONTH INTERVENTION WITH ORAL NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS IN DISEASE RELATED MALNUTRITION: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED PILOT STUDY

Author: Johann Ockenga, Thomas Reinhold, Christine Smoliner, Matthias Pirlich, Kristina Norman, Herbert Lochs, Anne Kilbert, Jörg-Dieter Schulzke, and Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology
Subjects: Adult, Male, Gerontology, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Randomization, Gastrointestinal Diseases, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Cost effectiveness, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Health Status, Medicine (miscellaneous), quality of life adjusted life years, Pilot Projects, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, Disease-related malnutrition, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Medical nutrition therapy, cost-effectiveness, health care economics and organizations, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Malnutrition, Area under the curve, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Quality-adjusted life year, Treatment Outcome, quality of life, Area Under Curve, Dietary Supplements, oral nutritional supplements, Female, Dietary Proteins, Nutrition Therapy, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Energy Intake, business
Abstract: International audience; Background: Nutritional intervention with oral nutritional supplements (ONS) has been shown to increase quality of life in malnourished patients. We investigated whether post-hospital supplementation with ONS is cost-effective according to international benchmarks in malnourished patients. Methods: 114 malnourished patients (50.6±16.1 years, 63 female) with benign gastrointestinal disease were included and randomised to receive either ONS for three months and dietary counselling at discharge (intervention, n= 60) or only dietary counselling at discharge (control group, n=54). Nutritional status was assessed with Subjective Global Assessment. Intervention patients documented daily intake of ONS, quality of life was assessed with SF-36 Health Survey and SF-36 values were transformed into health-status utilities. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were calculated by adopting the area-under-the-curve method. We used 2 different pricing scenarios for ONS (minimum price: 2.30€ and maximum: 2.93€/tetra pack). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of supplementation with ONS was calculated for both price scenarios. All analyses were corrected for age and gender. Results: Intervention patients consumed 2.4±0.8 ONS per day. Intervention and control patients did not differ in their health-status utilities at baseline (0.594±0.017 vs. 0.619±0.018), but after three months the health-status utilities were significantly higher in intervention patients than control patients (0.731±0.015 vs. 0.671±0.016, p=0.028). Intervention was associated with significantly higher costs (ICER: €9,497 and €12,099 /additional QALY, respectively) but deemed cost-effective according to international thresholds (
Published: 2011
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69. Unter- und Mangelernährung

Author: Matthias Pirlich, Chr. Löser, W. Hell, Stephan C. Bischoff, Antje Damms-Machado, M. Plauth, D. Volkert, A. Rauh-Pfeiffer, K. Feuser, Christian Löser, Johann Ockenga, Jann Arends, Juergen M. Bauer, P. W. Gündling, T. W. Felbinger, M. Langenbach, Cornel C. Sieber, P. Holtappels, Rainer Wirth, M.J. Kaiser, K. Löser, Chr. Hecht, A. Simon, Kristina Norman, A. Tannen, Berthold Koletzko, Arved Weimann, A. J. Dormann, Chr. Kolb, Helmut Heseker, P. Rittler, and A. Jordan
Published: 2011
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70. Abnormal plasma peptide YY3–36 levels in patients with liver cirrhosis

Author: Thomas J. Kroencke, Johann Ockenga, T. Schuetz, A. Omar, E. Kasim, Silja Gläser, Luzia Valentini, and Peter Nowotny
Subjects: Adult, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Parenteral Nutrition, Cirrhosis, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Anorexia, Gastroenterology, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Peptide YY, Aged, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Malnutrition, Case-control study, Fasting, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Postprandial Period, Endocrinology, Postprandial, Parenteral nutrition, Case-Control Studies, Basal metabolic rate, Anorectic, Female, Basal Metabolism, medicine.symptom, Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic, business
Abstract: Peptide YY(3-36) (PYY(3-36)) is a gut hormone with anorectic action that also affects energy expenditure. Anorexia and malnutrition are often observed in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis (LC), whereas patients with LC after insertion of transjugular portosystemic stent shunts (TIPS) show normal eating behavior. The underlying mechanism of anorexia in decompensated LC and its resolution in patients with TIPS is still unclear. We thus investigated fasting and postprandial PYY(3-36) serum levels in patients with decompensated LC, patients with compensated LC with in situ TIPS, and healthy controls.We analyzed fasting PYY(3-36) levels in six patients with decompensated LC (four men and two women, 55 ± 11 y of age), nine patients with TIPS (seven men and two women, 48 ± 11 y of age), and 10 controls (eight men and two women, 43 ± 9 y of age) postprandially after a standardized meal of 300 kcal and during 1-h continuous parenteral nutrition. Energy expenditure was determined by indirect calorimetry.At baseline PYY(3-36) was comparable in controls and patients with TIPS (91 ± 10 and 89 ± 25 ng/L) but was increased in patients with decompensated LC (165 ± 44 ng/L, P0.01). Although the cumulative postprandial PYY(3-36) increase was similar in controls (mean 2089 ng/240 min per liter) and patients with decompensated LC (mean 1735 ng/240 min per liter), no postprandial PYY(3-36) increase was observed in patients with TIPS (mean -579 ng/240 min per liter). Parenteral nutrition did not significantly affect PYY(3-36) levels in any group. Fasting PYY(3-36) values were negatively related to resting energy expenditure (r = -0.443, P = 0.030). PYY(3-36) was not associated to liver parameters (e.g., bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase).Our results demonstrate an abnormal neuroendocrine regulation of PYY(3-36) in patients with decompensated LC and those with TIPS.
Published: 2011

71. Plasma bile acids are not associated with energy metabolism in humans

Author: Elizabeth Murphy, Michael P. Manns, Thierry Claudel, Uwe J. F. Tietge, Bart Staels, Matthias J. Bahr, Frans Stellaard, Johann Ockenga, Folkert Kuipers, Gemma Brufau, Kris Prado, Klaus H.W. Böker, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Groningen [Groningen], Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), Récepteurs nucléaires, maladies cardiovasculaires et diabète - U 1011 (RNMCD), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Dept. of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, Kinemed, Kinemed, Inc., Dept. of Medicine, University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California-University of California, Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, The colesevelam-HCl study was supported by Daiichi Sankyo Inc. The cirrhosis study was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 265, Project C4, to K.H.W.B. and M.P.M.) and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (VIDI Grant 917-56-358, to U.J.F.T.)., University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and BMC, Ed.
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, BODY-COMPOSITION, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Energy metabolism, Medicine (miscellaneous), GASTRIC BYPASS, PROTEIN, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, lcsh:TX341-641, Clinical nutrition, Type 2 diabetes, Brief Communication, PARAMETERS, GLUCOSE, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Liver disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Chenodeoxycholic acid, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Resting energy expenditure, lcsh:RC620-627, CIRRHOSIS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Deoxycholic acid, medicine.disease, LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, lcsh:Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, MICE, Endocrinology, chemistry, business, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, EXPENDITURE
Abstract: Bile acids (BA) have recently been shown to increase energy expenditure in mice, but this concept has not been tested in humans. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between plasma BA levels and energy expenditure in humans. Type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients (n = 12) and gender, age and BMI-matched healthy controls (n = 12) were studied before and after 8 weeks of treatment with a BA sequestrant. In addition, patients with liver cirrhosis (n = 46) were investigated, since these display elevated plasma BA together with increased energy expenditure. This group was compared to gender-, age- and BMI-matched healthy controls (n = 20). Fasting plasma levels of total BA and individual BA species as well as resting energy expenditure were determined. In response to treatment with the BA sequestrant, plasma deoxycholic acid (DCA) levels decreased in controls (-60%, p < 0.05) and T2DM (-32%, p < 0.05), while chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) decreased in controls only (-33%, p < 0.05). Energy expenditure did not differ between T2DM and controls at baseline and, in contrast to plasma BA levels, was unaffected by treatment with the BA sequestrant. Total BA as well as individual BA species did not correlate with energy expenditure at any time throughout the study. Patients with cirrhosis displayed on average an increase in energy expenditure of 18% compared to values predicted by the Harris-Benedict equation, and plasma levels of total BA (up to 12-fold) and individual BA (up to 20-fold) were increased over a wide range. However, neither total nor individual plasma BA levels correlated with energy expenditure. In addition, energy expenditure was identical in patients with a cholestatic versus a non-cholestatic origin of liver disease while plasma total BA levels differed four-fold between the groups. In conclusion, in the various (patho)physiological conditions studied, plasma BA levels were not associated with changes in energy expenditure. Therefore, our data do not support an important role of circulating BA in the control of human energy metabolism.
Published: 2010
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72. Escitalopram zur Prävention von peg-IFN-α und Ribavirin assoziierten Depressionen bei HCV-infizierten Patienten: Abschließende Ergebnisse der CIPPAD-Studie

Author: Thomas Berg, Johann Ockenga, Thomas Discher, R. Sarkar, M. Rentrop, Ralph Link, Hans Weidenbach, S. Effenberger, Peter Buggisch, M Schaefer, V. Weich, S. Zeuzem, Ulrich Spengler, O. Kummer, G. Fromm, J. Reimer, T. Schlaepfer, L. Heinze, and K. Lieb
Subjects: Gastroenterology
Published: 2010
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73. Complete Analysis of the Human Mesotrypsinogen Gene (PRSS3) in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis

Author: Roland H. Pfützer, Hans Ulrich Schulz, Michael Stumvoll, Renate Nickel, Henning Wittenburg, Matthias Löhr, Niels Teich, Miklós Sahin-Tóth, Jonas Rosendahl, Richárd Szmola, Peter Kovacs, Volker Keim, Matthias Blüher, Joachim Mössner, Albrecht Hoffmeister, Heiko Witt, Thomas M. Gress, and Johann Ockenga
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Proteases, Pathology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Gastroenterology, Gene Frequency, Internal medicine, Pancreatitis, Chronic, medicine, MESOTRYPSINOGEN, Humans, In patient, Trypsin, PRSS3, Pancreatitis, chronic, Child, Gene, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Original Paper, Hepatology, Base Sequence, business.industry, fungi, Infant, Newborn, food and beverages, Infant, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Haplotypes, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Pancreatitis, MESOTRYPSIN, Female, business
Abstract: A sustained imbalance of pancreatic proteases and their inhibitors seems to be important for the development of chronic pancreatitis (CP). Mesotrypsin (PRSS3) can degrade intrapancreatic trypsin inhibitors that protect against CP. Genetic variants that cause higher mesotrypsin activity might increase the risk for CP.We analyzed all 5 exons and the adjacent non-coding sequences of PRSS3 by direct sequencing of 313 CP patients and 327 controls. Additionally, exon 4 was investigated in 855 patients and 1,294 controls and a c.454+191GA variant in 855 patients and 1,467 controls. The c.499AG (p.T167A) variant was analyzed functionally using transiently transfected HEK 293T cells.In the exonic regions, the previously described common c.94_96delGAG (p.E32del) variant and a novel p.T167A non-synonymous alteration were identified. Extended analysis of the p.T167A variant revealed no association to CP and in functional assays p.T167A showed normal secretion and activity. Variants of the intronic regions, including the extensively analyzed c.454+191GA alteration, were not associated with the disease. Haplotype reconstruction using variants with a minor allele frequency of1% revealed no CP-associated haplotype.Although the trypsin inhibitor-degrading activity qualified PRSS3 as a candidate for a novel CP susceptibility gene, we found no association between a specific variant or haplotype and CP in our cohort with a high suspicion of genetically determined disease.
Published: 2010

74. Mutational analysis of the gene encoding the zymogen granule membrane glycoprotein 2 (GP2) in patients with chronic pancreatitis

Author: Volker Keim, Jan B.M.J. Jansen, Johann Ockenga, Matthias Blüher, Hans-Ulrich Schulz, R.H.M. te Morsche, Andreas Kage, Renate Nickel, Jonas Rosendahl, David A. Groneberg, Peter Kovacs, Olfert Landt, Joachim Mössner, S. Santhosh, Niels Teich, H. Schmidt, Ashok Chacko, Heiko Witt, J.P.H. Drenth, Michael Stumvoll, and Thomas M. Gress
Subjects: Adult, Male, Nonsynonymous substitution, Adolescent, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, DNA Mutational Analysis, Mutation, Missense, India, Biology, GPI-Linked Proteins, Risk Assessment, Young Adult, Exon, Endocrinology, Risk Factors, Germany, Pancreatitis, Chronic, Internal Medicine, medicine, Zymogen granule membrane, Humans, Missense mutation, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Molecular gastro-enterology and hepatology [IGMD 2], Pancreatitis, chronic, Gene, Aged, Netherlands, Aged, 80 and over, Genetics, Membrane Glycoproteins, Hepatology, Exons, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Case-Control Studies, Pancreatitis, Female, Pancreas
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 89367.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) OBJECTIVES: Premature activation of pancreatic digestive enzymes is considered as a major factor in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis. Genetic alterations of different pancreatic zymogens or their inhibitors have been associated with chronic pancreatitis (CP). METHODS: We sequenced all 12 GP2 exons in 380 German CP patients and in 182 German control subjects. In addition, we analyzed exon 3 of GP2 in 803 further CP patients and 1780 controls originating from Germany, the Netherlands, and India by targeted DNA sequencing. RESULTS: We detected 12 nonsynonymous and 6 synonymous exonic variants. All nonsynonymous changes with exception of c.220C>T (p.R74X) and c.502_503delG (p.G168fsX174) in exon 3 and c.541C>T (p.R181X) in exon 4 were missense mutations and predominantly located in exon 3. All nonsynonymous variants were found in single cases only, with exception of 2 alterations, c.355A>G (p.M119V) and c.409G>A (p. A137T), both located in exon 3. To elucidate the role of these 2 exon 3 variants, we investigated additional patients and controls. The frequency of these variants was similar between patients and controls regardless of ethnic background or cause of CP. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that GP2 alterations do not alter the risk for the development of CP. 01 maart 2010
Published: 2010

75. Wiederbeginn der oralen Ernährung bei milder akuter Pankreatitis – Ergebnisse einer multizentrischen offen randomisierten Studie

Author: Andreas Leodolter, Julia Mayerle, Ingolf Schiefke, Janett Fischer, AA Aghdassi, Eckhard Weber, Bastian Walz, Joachim Mössner, S Göpel, Niels Teich, A. von Aretin, Johann Ockenga, G von Boyen, K Caca, MM Lerch, J Rüddel, and T Wallochny
Subjects: Gastroenterology
Published: 2009
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76. Erhöhtes Serum Peptid YY und gestörte postprandiale PYY Antwort bei dekompensierter Leberzirrhose

Author: A. Omar, S. Gläser, Georg Brabant, H. Lochs, L. Valentini, Johann Ockenga, E. Kasim, P Nowotny, Thomas J. Kroencke, and T. Schuetz
Subjects: Gastroenterology
Published: 2009
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77. Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism in patients with acute and chronic pancreatitis

Author: Matthias Löhr, Helmut Friess, Tomas Hucl, Stephan L. Haas, Marja-Leena Kylänpää, Jonas Rosendahl, Manfred V. Singer, Thomas M. Gress, Marko Lempinen, Johann Ockenga, Hans-Ulrich Schulz, Beat M. Künzli, Alexander Schneider, Esko Kemppainen, Heiko Witt, and Roland H. Pfützer
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pancreatic disease, Adolescent, Genotype, Pancreatic stellate cell, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A, Young Adult, Internal medicine, Germany, Pancreatitis, Chronic, medicine, Humans, Child, Genotyping, Allele frequency, Finland, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Polymorphism, Genetic, Hepatology, biology, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Angiotensin-converting enzyme, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Genotype frequency, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pancreatitis, Child, Preschool, Acute Disease, biology.protein, Acute pancreatitis, Female, Disease Susceptibility, business, Gene Deletion
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Reduction in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity has been shown to attenuate pancreatic stellate cell activation and pancreatic fibrosis and suggested as a potential treatment for chronic pancreatitis. The ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in intron 16 accounts for nearly half the variation in serum ACE levels. This study determined the frequency of the I/D polymorphism in patients with acute and chronic pancreatitis. METHODS: In total, 887 patients (346 with alcoholic, 443 with nonalcoholic, and 98 with acute pancreatitis) were enrolled, and were compared with 1294 healthy controls. Genotyping of the I/D polymorphism was performed by PCR or melting curve analyses. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in the prevalence of the ACE-deletion genotype frequencies when patients with alcoholic (27.5%), nonalcoholic (26.4%), and acute pancreatitis (32.7%) were compared with controls (26.9%). Likewise, allele frequencies of the ACE deletion polymorphism were not significantly different in patients with alcoholic (53.8%), nonalcoholic (50.6%), and acute pancreatitis (54.1%) and controls (52.7%). CONCLUSION: The I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene was not found to be associated with acute and chronic pancreatitis.
Published: 2009

78. Laron Syndrome

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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79. Lymphocytic Hypophysitis

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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80. Laryngotracheobronchitis

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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81. Liver Cirrhosis, Cryptogenic

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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82. Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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83. Linear IgA Dermatosis

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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84. Leg Jerks

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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85. Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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86. Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Autosomal Recessive Type 2I

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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87. Low-molecular-Weight Proteinuria with Hypercalciuria and Nephrocalcinosis

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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88. Lesch-Nyhan Disease

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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89. Lenegre-Lev Syndrome

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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90. Lesch-Nyhan Variant

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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91. Limbic Epilepsy

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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92. Leukemia, Chronic Lymphocytic

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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93. Lattice Corneal Dystrophy Type I

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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94. Legg-Calvé-Perthes' Disease

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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95. Lewy Body Dementia

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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96. Lactose Intolerance

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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97. Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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98. Lesion-associated Partial Epilepsies

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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99. Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Syndromes

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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100. Léri-Weill Dyschondrosteosis

Author: Alexander K. C. Leung, William Lane M. Robson, Carsten Büning, Johann Ockenga, Janine Büttner, Hartmut Schmidt, Antonio V. Delgado-Escueta, Katerina Tanya B. Perez-Gosiengfiao, Reyna M. Duron, Jesus Machado-Salas, Iris E. Martinez-Juarez, Ma. Rosa Avila, Angela Vincent, John Newsom-Davis, Vinzenz Oji, Jochen Utikal, Alexei Gratchev, Sergij Goerdt, Zvi Laron, Walter Lisch, Andreas Janecke, Berthold Seitz, Birgit Lorenz, Markus N. Preising, Nosratola D. Vaziri, John F. MacGregor, Roger A. Freedman, Thomas Klopstock, Arndt Hartmann, Wolfgang Dietmaier, Markus Böhm, Thomas A. Luger, Gudrun Rappold, Andrea Kelly, Changhong Li, Françoise Vuillier, Amos Etzioni, Cord Sunderkötter, Nandhagopal Ramachandiran, Sandra Sirrs, Jan Ehrchen, Stefan Beissert, Fenella Wojnarowska, Gudula Kirtschig, Laurent Schild, Bernard C. Rossier, Hubert Scharnagl, Winfried März, James M. Gilchrist, Rabah Ben Yaou, Gisèle Bonne, Benedikt G. H. Schoser, Flavia Paula, Mariz Vainzof, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Mayana Zatz, Tracey Weiler, Patrick Frosk, Kiaus Wrogemann, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Eloisa De Sá Moreira, Klaus Wrogemann, Adel Driss, Silke Hofmann, Leena Bruckner‐Tuderman, Takahiro Hamada, John A. McGrath, August H. M. Smelt, Renzo Guerrini, Carla Marini, Elena Parrini, Olav A. Gressner, Sören Siegmund, Stephan Haas, Manfred V. Singer, Matthias Wettstein, Dieter Häussinger, Massimo Pinzani, Wataru Shimizu, Charles Antzelevitch, Gérard Gacon, Olivier Dorseuil, Rémi Salomon, Joël Lunardi, Rade Tomic, Jesse Roman, Michelle A. Carey, Darryl C. Zeldin, Hideto Kameda, Jonathan Corren, Johannes C. Nossent, Alexander Olivares-Reyes, Tobias A. Rupprecht, Hans-Walter Pfister, Volker Fingerle, Rui-Cheng Ji, Chitra Suri, Marlys H. Witte, Lubomir Sokol, Jürgen Schölmerich, Martina Deckert, Reiner Siebert, Manuel Montesinos-Rongen, Cornelius Courts, Heinrich Schwindt, Anna Brunn, Werner Kempf, Reinhard Dummer, Günter Burg, Sylvain Latour, Karsten Schulmann, Christian Pox, Wolff Schmiegel, and Laura M. Tanner
Published: 2009
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