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In light of escalating urbanization trends and climate change impacts worldwide, the susceptibility of urban power grids to natural disasters has become an overarching global concern. Prior research has predominantly concentrated on singular calamities while often disregarding cumulative repercussions from multiple concurrent events affecting power grid resilience. This investigation presents an exhaustive framework for assessing grid vulnerabilities by quantifying diverse impacts from potential natural disaster scenarios and delineating adaptive pathways for evaluating inadvertent occurrences. The framework amalgamates an extensive array of metrics— including probability assessments, system state evaluations, trigger threshold analyses, responsiveness measurements, and adaptability adjustments— within a dynamic scenario-oriented model. The inquiry progresses through distinct stages: formulating an all-encompassing methodology for assessing vulnerabilities; assessing varied impacts stemming from different environmental perils; mapping out post-disaster evolutions; and executing a case analysis focusing on an urban power grid.Concentrating specifically on rainfall, snowfall, and freezing incidents, the case analysis uses locale-specific data to appraise grid susceptibilities while employing multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to facilitate decision-making. During this deliberative process, optimal strategies are derived, and mitigative actions are recommended with the aim of diminishing power-grid vulnerabilities. This investigation underscores intricate risk dynamics within urban power grids while presenting a feasible framework for sustainable planning and effective emergency responses in confronting natural hazards.

This article introduces a high-magnification electronic endoscope system that utilizes a continuous zoom optical design, enabling high-magnification imaging at the cellular level. By selecting an appropriate initial retrofocus structure, the optimized modulation transfer function (MTF) curve of the zoom objective lens approaches the diffraction limit. Additionally, the tip and operation parts of the system incorporate modular gas-tight sealing and multiple layers of protective structure. The design employs efficient sealing materials and precise packaging techniques to ensure the system’s sealing performance. The experimental results indicate that, under conventional imaging, the resolution is equivalent to 39.37 μm in object space, and the field of view angle is larger than 140 degrees. At magnified imaging, the resolution is equivalent to 2.78 μm in object space, and the observed actual field of view is greater than 800 μm×700 μm. When used with a 26-inch display monitor, the high-magnification electronic endoscope can achieve 500× optical magnification, allowing for the observation of features at the cellular level. Currently, this product has successfully achieved mass production and has undergone multiple animal trials, demonstrating its wide range of potential applications and significant clinical value.

Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder for which no effective therapy is currently available. Given that various attempts to target beta-amyloid (Aβ) have been unsuccessful in clinical trials, other potential pathogenic factors such as brain energy metabolism (EM) have attracted increasing attention. Traditional Chinese medicines, including danggui-shaoyao-san (DSS), play a notable role in AD. However, it remains unclear whether DSS exerts therapeutic effects on AD through EM regulation. Methods In this study, we conducted behavioural tests, Nissl staining, haematoxylin and eosin staining, and thioflavin S staining, in APP/PS1 mice to assess the pharmacodynamic effect of DSS on AD. Subsequently, we integrated the drug target network of herbal ingredients in DSS and evaluated their absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties to identify the core ingredients. We used proteomic and metabolomic approaches to explore the potential mechanisms of action of DSS against AD. Consequently, we verified the mechanism underlying EM using qPCR, western blotting, and ELISA. Results In vivo experimental results revealed that DSS ameliorated cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice, attenuated neuronal apoptosis, and reduced Aβ burden. Furthermore, the drug-target network comprised 6,514 drug-target interactions involving 1,118 herbal ingredients and 218 AD genes, of which 253 were identified as the core ingredients in DSS. The proteomic results implied that DSS could act on EM to alleviate AD, and targeted energy metabolomics suggested that DSS regulated 47 metabolites associated with EM. Mechanistically, we found that DSS could regulate the GSK3β/PGC1α signalling pathway to improve brain glucose uptake and mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, ultimately promoting EM to treat AD. Conclusion Our study is the first to integrate multi-omics approaches to reveal that DSS could regulate the GSK3β/PGC1α signalling pathway to exert therapeutic effects in AD through the promotion of EM, thereby providing new insights into the mechanism of action of DSS against AD. Graphical abstract

Abstract Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is an affective disorder that can lead to persistent sadness and a decline in the quality of life, increasing the risk of suicide. Utilizing multimodal data such as electroencephalograms and patient interview audios can facilitate the timely detection of MDD. However, existing depression detection methods either consider only a single modality or do not fully account for the differences and similarities between modalities in multimodal approaches, potentially overlooking the latent information inherent in various modal data. To address these challenges, we propose EMO-GCN, a multimodal depression detection method based on an adaptive multi-graph neural network. By employing graph-based methods to model data from various modalities and extracting features from them, the potential correlations between modalities are uncovered. The model’s performance on the MODMA dataset is outstanding, achieving an accuracy (ACC) of 96.30%. Ablation studies further confirm the effectiveness of the model’s individual components.The experimental results of EMO-GCN demonstrate the application prospects of graph-based multimodal analysis in the field of mental health, offering new perspectives for future research.

The CoCrMo coating (CCM coating) was prefabricated by laser cladding. The effects of textured interface prepared by laser texture technology and Ag electroplated layer on the tribological properties of the CCM coating were systematically investigated. Compared to the CCM coating and Ag electroplated coating on an untextured CCM surface (CA coating), the CoCrMo–Ag composite coating (CTA coating) demonstrates the lowest average COF and wear rate over a wide temperature range, especially at 800 °C (0.15 and 3.89 × 10−6 mm3/(N·m)). Friction experiments conducted with various durations revealed that the CTA coating consistently exhibits superior tribological properties. The textured interface retains Ag and provides long term lubrication at medium-low temperature. The in-situ formation of lubricating phases between Ag layer and elements in the CCM coating enhances lubricating performance at elevated temperature. The composite coating exhibits superior temperature adaptive lubricating performance over a wide temperature range due to the novel composition and microstructure design.

Online learning is becoming more and more common, so how to maintain learners' online learning engagement is very important. This study aims to explore the impact of future self-continuity on college students' online learning engagement and its underlying mechanism of action. We utilized the Future Self-Continuity Questionnaire, the Learning Self-regulation Questionnaire, the Implicit Theories of Intelligence Scale, and the Online Learning Engagement Scale to measure the corresponding variables of a sample with 476 college students. The results revealed that future self-continuity, autonomous motivation, and implicit theories of intelligence were significant positive predictors of student's online learning engagement. The positive association between future self-continuity and student's online learning engagement was mediated by the autonomous motivation. Moreover, the mediating effect of autonomous motivation was moderated by the implicit theories of intelligence. Relation to the individual endorsing entity theorists, the mediating effect of autonomous motivation was stronger for individual holding increment theorists. Future self-continuity has an impact on college students' online learning engagement levels directly or indirectly through autonomous motivation. Attention should be paid to the cultivation training of learners' future scenario imagination and autonomous motivation to facilitate their maintenance of focused online learning engagement.

The increasing risk of fire poses a significant threat to the safety of structural concrete. While the mechanical properties of concrete after exposure to elevated temperatures are well-documented, its properties during exposure remain insufficiently understood, posing challenges for effective fire-resistant design of concrete structures. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by investigating the mechanical properties of hybrid fiber and nano-silica (NS)-reinforced concrete (HFNRC) during elevated temperature exposure. Using a novel multi-functional testing apparatus designed for simultaneous heating and mechanical testing, the effects of varying steel fiber volume ratio (SFs, 0–1.5 % by volume) and NS dosages (0–1.5 % by weight) were examined at temperatures of 200°C (473.15 K), 400°C (673.15 K), 600°C (873.15 K), and 800°C (1073.15 K). The experimental results indicate that compressive and flexural strengths initially decreased, then increased, and subsequently decreased again as temperatures rose from 200°C to 800°C, while splitting tensile strength consistently declined. At 800°C, the compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths decreased by 63 %, 82 % and 76 %, respectively. Notably, the addition of 1.5 % by volume SFs increased the splitting tensile strength by up to 119 % at 400°C, providing the greatest improvement among all tested properties. Empirical equations were established to predict the compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strengths of HFNRC during elevated temperatures. Microstructural analyses using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated that NS enhances the compactness of HFNRC’s matrix and promotes the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel, contributing to improved performance under fire exposure. These findings are relevant to international research focused on enhancing the fire resistance of structural materials and improving the safety of concrete structures globally.

Objectives In patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), additional chromosomal abnormalities (ACAs) are prognostic indicators. However, the clinical features of ACAs were not systematically reported in Chinese patients. Therefore, we enrolled a large cohort of APLs to demonstrate the clinical characteristics and prognostic value of ACAs.Methods 268 patients with newly diagnosed APL with t(15;17)(q24;q21) were retrospectively enrolled, and their clinical characteristics and the predictive value of ACAs were assessed between patients with the presence and absence of ACAs.Results APL patients with and without ACAs did not differ significantly in their clinical features or treatment response and clinical outcomes like overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). It appeared to be substantially associated with worse OS in APL patients with trisomy 8, which was the most common ACA, although DFS was unaffected. Interestingly, the presence of ACAs or trisomy 8 affected OS and DFS in the subgroup of patients aged ≥60 years; by contrast, ACAs had no effect on OS or DFS in any treatment subgroup (ATRA + ATO/RIF or ATRA + ATO/RIF + CH or ATRA + CH), except for the ATRA + ATO/RIF + CH treatment subgroup, where their impact on DFS was less favorable.Conclusions Our results suggested that OS and DFS were unaffected by ACAs. Nonetheless, in the subgroup of patients older than 60, the existence of ACAs or trisomy 8 appeared to impact OS and DFS negatively. Individuals with t(15;17) alone had a higher DFS and were more susceptible to ATRA + ATO/RIF + CH than individuals with t(15;17) ACAs.

The change in lubrication status often leads to changes in the internal force and vibration status of rolling bearings, which is the reason for the change in the character frequency of rolling bearing defects. This thesis simulated the lubrication state of starved lubrication and adequate lubrication by quantifying the amount of lubricant, and explored the mechanism of characteristic frequency changes under different lubrication states through dynamic modeling techniques. The results showed that as the lubrication state changed from starved lubrication to adequate lubrication, although the friction between rolling body(RB) and the raceways decreased, it could not overcome the influence of increased lubricating oil viscosity resistance. The sliding effect inside the bearing intensified, and the frequency of outer ring(OR) and inner ring(IR) defects decreased, with change rates of 6.3% and 5.3%, respectively; This phenomenon had also been observed in experiments. The research results provide practical reference for bearing fault monitoring technology based on frequency comparison method in practice, which should consider the frequency change rate of defect characteristics caused by lubrication status in different periods for accurate diagnosis.