Search

Some new theorems about differentiable, continuously differentiable, or highly differentiable restrictions of continuous and measurable real functions are presented.

The inside cover picture, by Kerr and co-workers depicts a series of robust, yet highly active Ir(I) complexes bearing specifically encumbered N-heterocyclic carbene and phosphine ligands. These complexes are extremely effective in hydrogen isotope exchange processes (with D or T), with low catalyst loadings, good levels of selectivity, and broad directing group applicability. The labelling of several complex drug molecules further highlights the catalysts’ utility. Mechanistic insight into the operation of these catalysts has also been provided by a combination of NMR and theoretical DFT studies.

The ability of allylphosphonates to act as the olefinic partner within the Pauson-Khand reaction has been investigated. It has been found that these substrates not only react efficiently within the developed reaction manifold but also deliver good to excellent levels of olefinic regiocontrol.

Measures of performance, mortality, adrenal weights, plasma glucocorticoid concentration, and selected immune measures were collected in an attempt to define space needs of laboratory mice. Six replications of 3 C57BL/6 male mice per cage were examined while housed on bedding at 5, 10, 15, or 20 in(2) (32.2, 64.5, 96.8, or 129 cm(2)) per mouse. Body weights were not influenced by treatment; however, mice in smaller spaces (5 in(2) per mouse) consumed or wasted more feed and water than mice given greater space allowances. Mice given the least amount of space (5 in(2) per mouse) had greater lymphocyte proliferation in response to the T-cell mitogen PHA than mice given more space. Mice provided 10 in(2) per mouse had greater natural killer cytotoxicity than mice given greater or less space. Mouse mortality was greater as more space was provided. In contrast, adrenal weights and plasma glucocorticoid concentrations were progressively greater with lower space allowances. The National Research Council 1996 recommendation of 15 in(2) per mouse, for this strain and sex of mice, would result in greater mortality and reduced activity of some immune measures. Socially housed male C57BL/6 mice will benefit from less space than recommended by the National Research Council in 1996.

This paper examines battle command in relation to three dynamics: technology, leadership, and organization. A historical overview provides insight into the linkage between battle command and its dynamics. A brief case study on battle command by Napoleon then sets the stage for an analysis of the current heavy task force staff's ability to meet the demands of present and future battle command.

The Army as part of its strategic mobility program (ASMP) recently launched its Army Prepositioning Afloat (APA) program also known as Army War Reserve -3 (AWR-3). The intent is to preposition a heavy brigade and a theater sustainment package afloat in order to bolster up some of the identified shortfalls that the Army experienced during Desert Storm. APA, as the Marine Corps' Maritime Prepositioning Force (MPF), is designed to give the Army a rapid entry capability into a theater of operations. This study analyzes why the Army is prepositioning a heavy brigade afloat while the Marine Corps already has a preexisting program that provides forces for crisis response. The analysis demonstrates that the change in Army prepositioning to include a heavy brigade afloat is necessary to meet the changing threat and to comply with the National Security Strategy (NSS)1 National Military Strategy (NMS), the Mobility - Requirements Study (MRS) and identified requirements by the CINOs. This analysis concludes that the Army's combat brigade afloat initiative is an enabling force of theater level campaigning with unique and complementary capabilities. The Army's brigade afloat program provides from the sea -- a versatile, lethal, sustainable, and expansive heavy brigade. APA is critical to insure the nation has the capability to quickly project heavy combat power. The combination of APA and MPF gives a CINO a catalog of options to mix based upon his METT-T (Mission, Enemy, Troops available, Terrain, and Time) assessment. The monograph is 44 pages long, 66 with appendices and notes.

The Ir(III) complex [Ir(2)H(2)I(3)((rac)-Binap)(2)](+)I(-) efficiently promotes the selective dimerization of 1,6-, 1,7-enynes and functionalized alkynes. This catalytic process results in the formation of head-to-head isomers with (E)-stereoselectivity. Subsequent Rh-catalyzed cycloisomerization under reductive conditions led to the corresponding 1,2-dialkylidenecyclopentane derivatives.

An asymmetric pinacol-type rearrangement was used in the synthesis of (S)-naproxen. The pinacol-type reaction of a sec-tert vicinal diol provided an α-aryl ketone which was oxidized with sodium hypochlorite in the presence of methanol to the methyl ester of naproxen.

We present some improvements of known theorems and examples concerning intersections of continuous or Lipschitz functions with smooth functions or intersections of smooth functions or Holder class functions with smoother functions. We are particularly concerned with our ability to force the projection of the intersection to be uncountable within a given set M which is either large in measure or in category (or both).

Currently, strength greater than 20 mm Hg of compression is considered necessary for support hose used to treat symptomatic venous insufficiency in lower extremities. This strength is frequently uncomfortable, which reduces compliance and therefore clinical effectiveness. Whether more comfortable, nonprescription, light compression support hose is effective in the treatment of mild to moderate venous insufficiency was investigated in 36 men with subjective complaints and objective signs (per Doppler ultrasound) of lower extremity venous insufficiency. All participants wore padded, light-compression (6 mm Hg), crew-height socks for 1 month. Then, participants were assigned to one of two groups on the basis of initial Doppler results. The half with the worst results wore stronger-compression (12 mm Hg) over-the-calf support socks, on the assumption that patients with worse venous insufficiency would require more support; those with the better Doppler results continued to wear the light-compression socks. Participants were retested at monthly intervals for 3 months. In each group, data indicated that the venous insufficiency for all patients improved objectively and subjectively. Many of the objective venous values improved with either statistical or highly statistical significance-specifically deep venous valve function, superficial venous valve functions, and venous capacity-without statistically altering arterial function. Improvement occurred in the first month of the trial and continued throughout the study. The use of light-compression support socks is effective and should be considered as a first line of therapy in treatment of mild to moderate venous insufficiency.

Titanium enolates add to the 4-position of 1-phenoxycarbonylpyridinium salts to give 1,4-dihydropyridines; subsequent aromatization provides 4-(2-oxoalkyl)pyridines.

Addition of organolithium reagents at low temperature to the cyclohexylimine of 1-naphthaldehyde followed by electrophilic trapping of the intermediate gives rise to high yields of the title compounds.

We investigate how certain Darboux-like properties of real functions (including connectivity, almost continuity, and peripheral continuity) are related to each other within certain measurability classes (including the classes of Lebesgue measureable, Borel, and Baire- 1 1 functions).

The addition of aromatic aldehydes to lithium N-methylpiperazide in benzene gave α-amino alkoxides which were ortho-lithiated with excess n -butyllithium. Subsequent alkylation and hydrolysis provided ortho-substituted aromatic aldehydes via a one-pot reaction.

The asymptotic behavior of a linear compartment model for the environmental movement of radionuclides is investigated. Here, the expression asymptotic behavior is used to designate the behavior of q(t) as t → ∞, where q is the solution of a vector differential equation of the form dq/dt = h + Kq. The asymptotic behavior of such equations is described. For the model and conditions under consideration, each element of q converges monotonically to a steady-state value. A hydrologic system is defined and used to illustrate this behavior. An approach to sensitivity analysis employing Latin hypercube sampling, rank transformations and stepwise regression is presented and then applied to this system. A total of 20 independent variables is introduced and the following dependent variables are investigated for the various components of the system: amount of radionuclide present at steady state. concentration of radionuclide at steady state, and time required to reach 90% of steady state. Finally, an application of asymptotic behavior in the analysis of a hypothetical site for the geologic isolation of high-level radioactive waste is described and a brief discussion of differential sensitivity analysis is given.

A synthesis of (±)- epi -lupinine was accomplished via the addition of the zinc enolate of ethyl 5-chlorovalerate to 1-(methoxycarbonyl)-4-trimethylstannylpyridinium chloride.

Aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes can be protected in situ via the formation of α-amino alkoxides and their O-trimethylsilyl derivatives.

Ortho-substituted aryl ketones are prepared from N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N-methylbenzamides via ortho lithiation of intermediate α-amino alkoxides, formed in situ by addition of RLi. An ortho lithiation of N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-N-methylbenzamide is also described.

A series of prochiral ketones and a prochiral imine was reduced with high absolute stereoselectivity using an optically active 4-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine in the presence of Mg(ClO 4 ) 2 .

Consider the following function due to Cesàro: ϕ ( 0 ) = 0 \phi (0) = 0 , and if 0 > x ≤ 1 0 > x \leq 1 , \[ ϕ ( x ) = lim sup ( a 1 + a 2 + ⋯ + a n ) / n , \phi (x) = \lim \sup ({a_1} + {a_2} + \cdots + {a_n})/n, \] where the a i {a_i} are given by the unique nonterminating binary expansion of x = ( 0. a 1 a 2 ⋯ ) x = (0.{a_1}{a_2} \cdots ) . Vietoris proved in 1921 that ϕ \phi is connected (as a subset of [ 0 , 1 ] × R [0,1] \times R ). The purpose of this note is to alter Vietoris’s argument in order to prove that ϕ \phi is actually almost continuous in the sense of Stallings, thus answering a question raised recently by B. D. Smith.

Etude de l'o-lithiation suivie d'alkylation de N-alkyl N-[dialkylamino-2 ethyl] benzamides. L'hydrolyse donne les acides correspondants

The imine of 1-naphthaldehyde and O-t-butylvalinol is transformed, in > 95% ee, to the title compounds on treatment with organolithium reagents followed by proton or methyl iodide quench.

The addition of Grignard reagents to 1-acyl-4-methoxypyridinium salts gives 2-substituted 1-acyl-2,3-dihydropyridones. This reaction was utilized to synthesize (±)-epi-myrtine and trans-4-phenylquinolizidin-2-one.

L'addition de dialkyl amidures de lithium sur des aldehydes aromatiques (naphtalenecarbaldehydes, benzaldehydes substitues) dans le THF ou le benzene, conduit a des hemiaminals qui sont lithies en position ortho par le butyl-lithium. L'alkylation suivie de l'hydrolyse, des produits lithies fournit les arenals substitues en ortho

A pair ( X , Y ) (X,Y) of topological spaces is said to be a Blumberg pair ("BP") if for every f : X → Y f:X \to Y , there exists a dense subset D D of X X such that f | D f|D is continuous. X X is a Blumberg space if ( X , R ) (X,R) is BP, where R R denotes the reals. Y Y is co-Blumberg if ( R , Y ) (R,Y) is BP. We survey the literature concerning the relationships between Blumberg spaces and Baire spaces and then study the relationships between co-Blumberg spaces and separability properties.

An experiment is described in which very low frequency signals transmitted on 18 kc by NSS are detected after traveling once around the world. A diurnal field-intensity variation was observed with the maximum intensity appearing at sunset at the sending and receiving locations. The signal delay times were measured with 0.1373±.0005 sec delay under normal ionospheric conditions and 0.1365±.0005 sec delay on a disturbed day.

Introduction. Only functions from the intervalfI= [0, 1] into I will be considered in this paper, and no distinction will be made between a function and its graph. For real functions f from I into I, the property of connectivity is intermediate to that of continuity and the Darboux property, and is equivalent to the property of f being a connected set in the plane. For some connectivity functions g from I into I, it can be observed that there is a subset M of I such that every function from I into I wlhich agrees with g on I-M is a connectivity function (in this case, M will be said to be g-negligible). For example, if M is a Cantor subset of I and g is a function from I into I such that if x belongs to some component (a, b) of I-M, g(x) = I sin {cot [r(x-a)/(b-a] } f, then M is g-negligible. The following theorems will be proved

Grâce aux amidures de lithium, la methylation de l'anisaldehyde a lieu selectivement en ortho

Synthese a partir de R-MgBr, Z-Cl et methoxy-4 pyridine (Z=benzyloxycarbonyl et R=dimethoxy-3,4 phenyl) via la Z-1 R-2 dihydro-2,3 1H-pyridone-4 et la chloro-4' butyl-2 Z-1 R-6 piperidone-4

It is the purpose of this note to further clarify the relationship between continuous images of Lusin sets and concentrated sets.

It is the purpose of this note to present a measure theoretic variant of Blumberg’s theorem about continuous restrictions of arbitrary real functions.