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(2012). Identify learning outcomes for learning agreements. Education for Primary Care: Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 128-130.

Distance learning is seen as the obvious answer for remote learners, and the use of online media is expected to overcome any access difficulties imposed by geographical distance. However, this belief may be obscuring our understanding of the role that location and individual circumstances have in shaping student experience. This paper explores the variation in experiences of remote rural students who study with the Open University (UK). The researchers found that perceptions of remoteness depended on geography, but were also relative to individual circumstances. With respect to students’ sense of connection with university staff and peers, most mentioned their contact with their personal tutor. Networks with peers were less common, a matter of concern if peer networks are integral to fostering improved retention and progression. In this particular context, distance education may be playing an important and distinctive role for remote students by providing opportunities for connections with like-minded people.

An examination of the Royal Navy's Victualling Board, the body responsible for supplying the fleet.

Publisher Summary This chapter describes how phosphorylation reactions might regulate the behavior of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) channels in central neurons. The ubiquity of protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation necessitates a recognition that while NMDA receptors may be directly phosphorylated, there are likely a variety of other proteins that bind to and interact with the NMDA receptor, which themselves are regulated by phosphorylation. Thus, it is important to both understand the functional consequences of direct phosphorylation of NMDA receptor subunits and identify how phosphorylation of sites on the NMDA receptor influences its binding to support proteins. These support or anchoring proteins are most likely components of the postsynaptic density and cytoskeleton. The effects of serine–threonine protein kinases, such as protein kinase C, Ca 2+/ calmodulin-dependent kinase II, tyrosine kinases (src-tyrosine kinase) on NMDA channels are considered in the chapter. These enzymes catalyze the transfer of high-energy phosphate groups to the serines or threonines residues of substrate proteins or in the case of tyrosine kinases, the transfer to tyrosyl residues.

Project 2000 has changed the role of nurse teachers. Thus evaluation of Project 2000 should incorporate a theoretical framework that not only evaluates the individual school/college of nursing curriculum but also enhances the teachers professional development. This paper suggests that teacher professional development would be enhanced by teacher self-evaluation (action research). A collaborative approach between teachers and an evaluation co-ordinator would ensure that the quality of the curriculum is maintained (MacDonald 1991). It is argued that the implementation of monitored innovation would fulfil the criteria for the developing school/college of nursing put forward by Holly et al (1989).

This is an account of the initial stages in the analysis of Morton, a latency-age boy. Morton is an unusually interesting case for the exploration of fantasy, to which "we must look for the study of early mental phenomena because phantasy is the lingua franca of that period" (Grotstein, 1977, p. 412).

CONTEXT The Association for the Study of Medical Education states that its aim is to improve the quality of medical education. As a consequence, it commissioned through its Education Research Group a small-scale project to explore the quality of the research methods elements in currently available UK master's and doctoral programmes. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the breadth, depth and diversity of the research methods provision of those programmes currently available to course participants. METHODS The study comprised a 3-phase approach which utilised: a web-based search of curricula format and content; semi-structured interviews with key informants, and case studies and site visits to conduct documentary analysis of dissertations and in-depth interviews with core personnel. RESULTS The study revealed wide variation across taught programmes. These discrepancies applied to length of course, requirements for the dissertation in terms of both length and time allowed to complete the study and, crucially, a wide variance in the quality and quantity of the levels of supervision provided for students during this research phase. DISCUSSION This study raises concerns about the aims and functions of courses offering qualifications in medical education. It identifies a number of obstacles to the development of educational researchers who are skilled in the philosophical underpinnings of research activity or equipped to undertake educational research that is of a quality sufficient to withstand the scrutiny of the authors' scientific and clinical counterparts. We argue that if research into medical education is to thrive, it requires the full commitment of all those who are engaged in teaching the topic and supporting researchers.

Summary A sample of 16 boys, with specific reading retardation and behavioural disorders, was compared with a sample of 16 boys without these problems, using a form of repertory grid testing. Problem boys saw less positive responses to reading from self, adult and peer-group figures; their own judgements of their behaviours were closer to the peer-groups', and further from those of adult figures, than was the case with controls; but they did not see any greater discrepancy between the judgements of adults and peer-group figures, nor between the judgements of parents and teachers, than did control boys. Lesser identification with adult values may contribute to the cause and persistence of reading and behavioural difficulties.

The standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for various cancers were calculated for allcities, large burghs, small burghs, and landward areas of Scotland for the period 1969–73. SMRs for respiratory cancer were also calculated for 1959–63. The communities with statistically significantly high or low SMRs were ascertained. The geographical positions of communities with significantly high SMRs for respiratory cancer were illustrated on a map. Continuous identification of small as well as large communities with abnormally high SMRs is shown to be essential in the monitoring of public health.

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Unsupervised free-living overnight home use of closed-loop insulin delivery is feasible, safe, and effective in adolescents1 and adults2 with type 1 diabetes, but outcomes vary between individuals. Understanding factors influencing glucose outcomes may help to identify vulnerable populations, guide design of future studies, and lead to enhanced control algorithms., Funding for these studies was received from the JDRF (#22-2009-802) and Diabetes UK (BDA07/0003549), with additional support for the Artificial Pancreas work by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (1R01DK085621), Wellcome Strategic Award (100574/Z/12/Z), and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre., This is the final version of the article. It was first available from Sage via http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932296815604439

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