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The odd mass nucleus $^{139}\mathrm{Pm}$ has been studied to high spins through the $^{116}\mathrm{Cd}(^{27}\mathrm{Al},4n)^{139}\mathrm{Pm}$ reaction at an incident beam energy of 120 MeV. The de-exciting $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-rays were detected using an array of 12 Compton suppressed Ge detectors. A total of 46 new levels have been proposed in the present work as a result of the observation of 60 new $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-rays. Four new bands including a $\ensuremath{\Delta}J=1$ sequence have been identified and all the earlier reported bands, other than the yrast band, have been extended to higher spins and excitation energy. The spin assignments for most of the newly reported levels have been made using the observed coincidence angular anisotropy. Tilted axis cranking calculations support the interpretation of two of the observed magnetic dipole sequences as examples of magnetic rotational bands.

From a partitioning of the valence shell space in terms of the valence proton and neutron particle and hole boson subspaces, a systematic dependence of the \ensuremath{\gamma}-g interband B(E2) ratios on the ${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{p}}$${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{n}}$ product is obtained. Limitations of ${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{p}}$${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{n}}$ to yield an expected smooth behavior of these ratios with hole-particle symmetry, and ${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{p}}$, ${\mathit{N}}_{\mathit{n}}$ symmetry assumed in interacting boson model-1 as well as in individual cases are demonstrated.

The limitations of the F-spin and the NpNn schemes in reproducing the overall [Formula: see text] systematics in the Z=50−82, N=82−126 shell space are reviewed. The neutron-proton excess or isospin T is shown to play an important role. It determines the position of the β-stability line on the N−Z chart, and explains the existence of isotonic (isotopic) multiplets.

A comparison of the efficacy of the SU(5) and O(6) limits of the interacting boson model in reproducing the spectra of the neutron deficient 136-140Sm isotopes is presented. The role of the ( beta , gamma ) deformation inducing nu 0 and nu 2 terms in the IBM-1 Hamiltonian for generating the proper level spacings of the odd-even spins in the Kpi =2+ band and up to high spins Ipi

The proton neutron interacting boson model (IBM-2) has been used to make a systematic study of Strontium isotopes in this mass region of A ~ 80 with 38 N 48 and Z = 38. The three-term Talmi–Otsuka general Hamiltonian in the framework of the neutron proton version of the Interaction boson model was used to perform the calculations. The yrast levels energy are reproduced. The beta and gamma band energy levels also matched well. The reduced transition probabilities were also calculated and were found to be in agreement with the experimental values. In addition, g-factor for the state was evaluated. Possible candidates for mixed symmetry states were also predicted for several nuclei in this isotopic chain.

To evaluate the pharmacological profile of RBx 7,796, a novel 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor.RBx 7,796 was evaluated for 5- lipoxygenase inhibitory potential using human recombinant enzyme and profiled for selectivity against 12 and 15 lipoxygenase. RBx 7,796 was evaluated in cell based assay for inhibition of A23,187 induced LTB(4) release from isolated neutrophils. Ex vivo activity was evaluated for inhibition of A23,187 induced LTB(4) release in blood from treated rats. In vivo efficacy of RBx 7,796 was profiled in LPS induced neutrophilia model in rats and also in ovalbumin induced bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation models in guinea pigs.RBx 7,796, a novel chemotype, showed competitive inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase enzyme with an IC(50) of 3.5 +/- 1.1 microM. RBx 7,796 offered100 fold selectivity against other related enzymes - 12 and 15 lipoxygenase. RBx 7,796 inhibited release of LTB(4) from human and rat neutrophils in vitro. Upon administration to rats, RBx 7,796 inhibited A23,187 induced LTB(4) release from rat neutrophils. Upon repeated administration, dosed once daily, RBx 7,796 inhibited LPS induced neutrophil influx in rat airway. RBx 7,796 also inhibited allergen induced bronchoconstriction and eosinophil influx in guinea pig airway in a dose dependent manner.The results suggest that RBx 7,796, a novel chemotype, is an orally efficacious inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase enzyme that is effective against both neutrophilic and eosinophilic airway inflammation and shows potent inhibition with once daily administration.

Triple A syndrome (Allgrove syndrome) is an autosomal recessive disorder consisting of achalasia, alacrima and Addison insufficiency. We report an 11-year-old girl with predominant symptom of achalasia who was diagnosed as Triple A syndrome almost 3 years after initial presentation.

The prevalence of risk factors for coronary heart disease has been inadequately studied in India. A repeat cross-sectional survey was carried out to evaluate the changes in the major coronary risk factors in the urban population of Jaipur previously studied in the early 1990s.Randomly selected adultsor =20 years of age were studied using stratified sampling. The target study sample was 1800 with a population proportionate gender distribution (males 960, females 840). Coronary risk factors, anthropometric variables, blood pressure, ECG, fasting blood glucose and lipids were evaluated. A total of 1123 subjects (62.4%) (males 550, females 573) were examined. Fasting blood samples were available in 523 males and 559 females. Overall coronary heart diesase prevalence, diagnosed by history or ECG changes, was found in 34 males (6.18%) and 58 females (10.12%). Risk factor prevalence showed that smoking/tobacco use was present in 201 males (36.5%) and 67 females (11.7%). Physical inactivity, either work-related or leisure time, was seen in 157 males (28.5%) and 130 females (22.7%). Hypertension (or =140 and/or 90 mmHg) was present in 200 males (36.4%) and 215 females (37.5%). Diabetes diagnosed by history or fasting glucoseor =126 mg/dl was found in 72 males (13.1%) and 65 females (11.3%). Obesity, body mass indexor =27 kg/m2 was present in 135 males (24.5%) and 173 females (30.2%), while truncal obesity (waist:hip0.9 males,0.8 females) was found in 316 males (57.4%) and 392 females (68.4%). The most common dyslipidemia in both males and females was low HDL-cholesterol (40 mg/dl: males 54.9%, females 54.2%). High total cholesterol levels ofor =200 mg/dl (males 37.4%, females 4.1%), high LDL-cholesterol levels ofor =130 mg/dl (males 37.0%, females 45.8%) and high levels of triglyceridesor = 150 mg/dl (males 32.3%, females 28.6%) were also seen in a significant number. Hypertension, obesity, truncal obesity, diabetes and dyslipidemias increased significantly with age in both males and females (Mantel-Haenzel chi2 for trend, p0.05).There is a high prevalence of standard coronary risk factors--smoking, physical inactivity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and obesity--as well as factors peculiar to south Asians--truncal obesity, low HDL-cholesterol and high triglycerides--in this urban Indian population. As compared to a previous study in the early 1900s in a similar population, there is a significant increase in the number of people with obesity, diabetes and dyslipidemias.

The experimental data of interband γ-g B(E2) ratios for even-even light Te-Sm nuclei (66 ≤ N ≤ 78) is compared with the predictions of the rigid triaxial model to search for a correlation between the nuclear structure variation with the asymmetry parameter γ0 of the model.

The anharmonity in shape transitional nuclei, observed earlier, is studied and an alternative form is derived. The dichotomy of a constant anharmonicity along with a changing nuclear structure is resolved. The evolution of the collective nuclear structure from the spherical vibrator to the deformed rotor is studied through the variation of energy ratio R10/2(E10/E2) with R4/2, for Ba – Dy and for Dy – Hf (N12/2. The role of the Z = 64 subshell and the N = 88–90 shape phase transition are illustrated in the Mallmann plot. The relative merits of the empirical formulae: rotation–vibration linearity model, the soft rotor formula and the power index formula are compared.

A linear relation for the level energy ratios in the ground band of even–even nuclei, based on the rotation–vibration expression, is derived and its application on a universal scale, including the O(6), E(5) and X(5) symmetries, is illustrated. A microscopic view of this relation and of the collective model is given. Also, an approximate relationship with single term power index formula E = aIb is demonstrated.

Histoplasmosis is a progressive granulomatous disease caused by the intracellular dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. We report a rare case of esophageal histoplasmosis in a renal allograft recipient. A 55-year-old male who received a live, unrelated renal allograft 20 years ago presented with complaints of recurrent fever for ten to 12 months, weight loss over six months, progressive dysphagia more for solids for five to six months and joint pain and swelling involving the bilateral metacarpo-phalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints. Biopsy from the esophageal ulcers revealed dense inflammation infiltrated with lymphocytes and macrophages with clusters of strongly positive intracellular fungal spores with a clear area or "halo-like" zone suggestive of Histoplasma capsulatum invasion. The patient was treated with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B for ten days and later switched over to oral itraconazole. Repeated endoscopy revealed significant improvement of the lesions.

The level energies of ground band of even Z, even N nuclei may be reproduced well with good accuracy by using the power index formula E = aIb. In an earlier study of the dependence of the kinetic moment of inertia (MoI) J(1) on spin I, a possible correlation of the MoI J(1) with power index "b" was suggested. Here we illustrate that the slope of the kinetic MoI versus spin I corresponds to the magnitude of the index "b" for several isotopes in the A = 100–150 region. The validity of the formula is illustrated for light nuclei in A = 100 region and its use for studying shape phase transition at N = 60.

The size of the proton subshell gap between the ${\mathit{d}}_{5/2}$ and ${\mathit{h}}_{11/2}$ orbitals is reviewed. The need of revising the microscopic calculations with increased energy gap is reexamined for N\ensuremath{\ge}82 nuclei. Both for occupation probabilities and the nuclear structure of N=82 isotones and the $^{146\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}154}\mathrm{Sm}$ isotopes, the increased gap at Z=64 is not inconsistent with experiment, except that increased quadrupole strength is required for obtaining the same structure. The use of alternative values of boson numbers in the interacting boson model (IBM) for N88 nuclei is investigated. In a phenomenological IBM calculation there is no a priori need of the use of subshell closure. In the empirical studies for this region the use of the Z=64 subshell does lead to elegant systematics in some cases but it also leads to inconsistencies in other cases. Dependence of collective deformation effect on the slope of particular orbitals, rather than on gap size only, is illustrated.

A two-parameter single-term energy formula E J =aJ b is used to study the energy–spin relationship in the ground bands of even–even light Xe–Gd (68⩽N⩽78) nuclei. This formula works better for soft nuclei as well as for deformed nuclei. We also compared it with other two-parameter formulae, i.e. Ejiri, ab, pq and Brentano et al soft rotor (SRF) formulae. The power index b and the coefficient a are fairly constant, independent of the number of levels for spin J⩽12+. The variation of average and with Z, N and with the valence nucleon pair product N p N n is illustrated. Extension of the formula to E J =aJ (b+cJ) is also tested.

India has predominantly poor rural population where brain CT scan, most often advised investigation in patients of stroke, may not always be available, hence Indian physician in such setting base his diagnosis on bed side sign evaluation for which Siriraj Stroke Score (SSS) could be helpful. Objective of study: to assess the utility of SSS in patients of stroke. Methodology: sixty subjects of stroke were evaluated on SSS and 'probable' diagnosis so made was compared with CT scan's (brain) 'certain' diagnosis. Main findings: by using SSS, the probable bedside diagnosis was cerebral infarct (score < -1) in 32 subjects and cerebral haemorrhage (score > +1) in 24 subjects while 4 subjects had indeterminant score (-1 to +1). Fifty subjects had their probable diagnosis matched with brain CT scan certain diagnosis. The above findings showed that SSS had 93.7% sensitivity, 76.6% specificity, 81.2% positive predictive value, 92% negative predictive value with an overall accuracy as 93.7% for diagnosis of cerebral infarction. For patients of cerebral haemorrhage the sensitivity was 83.3%, specificity was 92.5%, positive predictive value was 86.9%, negative predictive values was 92.5% with overall accuracy as 83.3%. Principal conclusion: physicians in the rural settings may find SSS to be quite useful in the management of stroke especially where more sophisticated radiological investigations may not be available for confirmation of diagnosis due to high cost or attended due to transportation risk. (Med J Indones 2007; 10: 164-8) Keywords: stroke, cerebrovascular accident, infarction, haemorrhage

The intensities, placements andE2/M1 mixing ratios of transitions in the decay of154Eu have been carefully studied to provide accurate data for microscopic calculations. Coincidence relationships in the decay of154Eu have been studied extensively with a multiparameterγ-γ coincidence system with two large volume Ge(Li) detectors. Spectra in coincidence with twenty energy gates were analyzed. Twenty-nine new coincidence relationships were established and confirmed most, but not all, of several levels previously assigned by energy fits only. From an analysis of coincidence spectra and singles spectra with a 18% efficiency Ge(Li) detector new information on the gamma-ray intensities were obtained. Precise values of theE2/M1 mixing ratios of transitions from the gamma- and beta-vibrational bands to the g.s. band have been determined fromγ-γ directional correlation measurements with a NaI(Tl)-Ge(Li) detector coincidence system. Mixing ratios were obtained for a number of other transitions including those fromKπ =0− and 2+ bands from direct and skipped cascade correlations.

The validity of F-spin multiplets is analyzed for the g, ..gamma.., and ..beta.. bands in Dy-Os. The limitations of the N/sub B/ and N/sub p/N/sub n/ dependence vis-a$iga: -vis the vibrational bands is illustrated. A correspondence of the variation of the interacting boson model fitting parameter X of Q/sup (2)/(X) in the consistent Q formalism versus the projection F/sub 0/ through the F-spin multiplets with the underlying nuclear structure is illustrated.

Uptodate accurate extensive data on γ-g B(E2) ratios for even-even rare-earth nuclei is compared with the predictions of the rigid triaxial model of collective rotation to search for a correlation between the nuclear structure variation with Z, N and the γ0 parameter of the model. The internal consistency in the predictions of the model is investigated and the spectral features vis-a-vis the γ-soft and the γ-rigid potential are discussed.

The recent extension of the energy spectrum of 156Gd to include up to five Kπ = 0+, two Kπ = 2+ and two Kπ = 4+ rotational bands from an (n, γ) reaction study allows further tests of the validity of the dynamic pairing-plus-quadrupole model of nuclei. Eight of these rotational bands are obtained in the model, though the calculated energy scale is much expanded. Their decay characteristics are compared with experiment.

Using the deformed quasiparticle wavefunctions obtained in the pairing-plus-quadrupole model at the equilibrium deformation ( beta 0, gamma 0) of the N=88 isotones Nd, Sm and Gd, the spectroscopic factors Sj+=(2j+1)uj2 have been calculated for the single-proton states in the N=4, 5 shells. Comparison is made with the data from the proton stripping reactions (3He,d) and ( alpha ,t) giving the product nuclei 142Pm, 151Eu and 153Tb. The effect of a small deformation of the even-even core is also investigated.

Dynamic deformation theory based on the pairing plus-quadrupole model is employed for a detailed study of the N=88 transitional nucleus 152Gd. Comparisons with experiment and with other models are presented for the potential minimum and related properties, B(E2) values, rho (E0), X(EO/E2) and delta (E2/M1) values for transitions from seven 2+ states and a number of other states below 2 MeV. Brief comparisons with two N=88 isotones (148Nd and 150Sm) and with five Z=64 isotopes (150,154,156,158,160Gd) are also given.

Dynamic deformation theory based on Kumar and Baranger's pairing-plus-quadrupole model (1968) is employed to calculate the collective states of 150Sm. A delicate balance of the pairing and quadrupole forces, leading to an interchange of the K-identification of the second and the third 2+ states at a critical value, is exhibited. An improved solution of the collective Hamiltonian, compared Kumar's calculation (1974), removes most of the discrepancies between the calculated and experimental branching ratios. Comparison with the experimental X(EO/E2) values is also given.

A three-band-mixing rotation-vibration description of Faessler et al., corrected to include anharmonicity of the classical beta and gamma vibrations of the nuclear core by assuming different mass parameters for the ground, beta, and gamma vibrational states, has been applied to the /sup 150,152,154/Sm, /sup 154/Gd, /sup 156/Dy, and /sup 194/Pt nuclei. A comparison of the present results with older three-band mixing calculations using three parameter and five parameter descriptions has been made. Contrary to the older predictions, an excellent reproduction of the observed energy levels below back bending is obtained for all three bands. The agreement between the theoretical and experimental B(E2) values and branching ratios improves remarkably, especially in /sup 150/Sm and /sup 194/Pt where the mass parameters for beta and gamma vibrations are nearly double their rotational counterparts. A discussion has been made.

The weak transitions in the decay of125Sb have been investigated through gamma ray measurements with high resolution X-ray and with large volume Ge(Li) detectors. The 172.6, 178.8 and 198.5 keV gamma rays are confirmed, while others previously reported were not. Accurate intensities were obtained for the stronger transitions. The weighted averages of these intensities which cover the range of 116 to 670 keV are useful for calibration of Ge(Li) systems.

During the recent epidemic in North Bihar, a total of 65 cases which were clinically designated as Kala-azar had been subjected to bone-marrow aspiration from the iliac crest, out of which the L.D. body was demonstrated in 55 cases (84.61 per cent). Culture analysis of bone-marrow on modified Tobie's medium, revealed that ten cases (15.39 per cent) which were negative for L.D. body did not show any leptomonads, whereas out of 55 L.D. body positive cases, the promastigote forms developed in 22 cases (40.00 per cent). The probable reasons for the negative findings and also the age and sex distribution in Kala-azar are discussed in brief.

Interband B(E2) values from dynamic deformation theory using the P+QxQ interaction reproduce recent accurate data from Doppler shift recoil experiment contrary to recent claims.

It is shown that the Sn-Gd (Nl82) nuclei form relatively poor F-spin multiplets so that the recently proposed method for predicting the spectroscopic factor ratios in the \ensuremath{\alpha}-transfer reactions will provide a poor estimate. However, the method may apply to the good F multiplets in the Dy-Pt region (Nl104).

Dynamic deformation theory based on a pairing plus quadrupole model (DPPQ model) is extended to 25 levels belonging to various multi phonon vibrational bands in 154Gd. Although the calculated excited band energies are too high by factors of 1�4-1�7, there is generally reasonable agreement with the experimental energies, B(E2) values, magnetic moments, E2-Ml mixing ratios and EO moments. Many new values are predicted. A brief comparison with some results derived from a new version of dynamic deformation theory, the so-called DNSB model, is also given.