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BACKGROUND The influence of Plasmodium spp. infection in the health of Southern brown howler monkey, Alouatta guariba clamitans, the main reservoir of malaria in the Atlantic Forest, is still unknown. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the positivity rate of Plasmodium infection in free-living howler monkeys in an Atlantic Forest fragment in Joinville/SC and to associate the infection with clinical, morphometrical, haematological and biochemical alterations. METHODS Molecular diagnosis of Plasmodium infection in the captured monkeys was performed by Nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (18S rRNA and coxI). Haematological and biochemical parameters were compared among infected and uninfected monkeys; clinical and morphometrical parameters were also compared. FINDINGS The positivity rate of Plasmodium infection was 70% among forty captured animals, the highest reported for neotropical primates. None statistical differences were detected in the clinical parameters, and morphometric measures comparing infected and uninfected groups. The main significant alteration was the higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in infected compared to uninfected monkeys. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Therefore, Plasmodium infection in howler monkeys may causes haematological/biochemical alterations which might suggest hepatic impairment. Moreover, infection must be monitored for the eco-epidemiological surveillance of malaria in the Atlantic Forest and during primate conservation program that involves the animal movement, such as translocations.

Plasmodium simium, a malaria parasite of non-human primates in the Atlantic forest region of Brazil was recently shown to cause zoonotic infection in humans in the region. Phylogenetic analyses based on the whole genome sequences of six P. simium isolates infecting humans and two isolates from brown howler monkeys revealed that P. simium is monophyletic within the broader diversity of South American Plasmodium vivax, consistent with the hypothesis that P. simium first infected non-human primates as a result of a host-switch from humans carrying P. vivax. We provide molecular evidence that the current zoonotic infections of people have likely resulted from multiple independent host switches, each seeded from a different monkey infection. Very low levels of genetic diversity within P. simium genomes and the absence of P. simium-P. vivax hybrids suggest that the P. simium population emerged recently and has subsequently experienced a period of independent evolution in Platyrrhini monkeys. We further find that Plasmodium Interspersed Repeat (PIR) genes, Plasmodium Helical Interspersed Subtelomeric (PHIST) genes and Tryptophan-Rich Antigens (TRAg) genes in P. siumium are genetically divergent from P. vivax and are enriched for non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms, consistent with the rapid evolution of these genes. Analysis of genes involved in erythrocyte invasion revealed several notable differences between P. vivax and P. simium, including large deletions within the coding region of the Duffy Binding Protein 1 (DBP1) and Reticulocyte Binding Protein 2a (RBP2a) genes in P. simium. Genotyping of P. simium isolates from non-human primates (NHPs) and zoonotic human infections showed that a precise deletion of 38 amino acids in DBP1 is exclusively present in all human infecting isolates, whereas non-human primate infecting isolates were polymorphic for the deletion. We speculate that these deletions in the parasite-encoded key erythrocyte invasion ligands and the additional rapid genetic changes have facilitated zoonotic transfer to humans. Non-human primate malaria parasites can be considered a reservoir of potential infectious human parasites that must be considered in any attempt of malaria elimination. The genome of P. simium will thus form an important basis for future functional characterizations on the mechanisms underlying malaria zoonosis.

Environmental effects and genetic parameters were estimated for weights at 365 and 550 days for Nellore cattle raised in the Parana State. Least Squared Means methodology, was used to estimate environmental effects. The model included as fixed effects year and month of birth calf, sex and age of dam at calving as a covariate and error as random effects. The variance components were estimated using an animal model considered as fixed effects contemporary group and age of dam. As random effect were composite of direct and maternal genetic additive effects and permanent environment. The genetic trends for direct and maternal effects were estimated by the regression of annual breeding value means on the animals’ year of birth. The heritability were 0.24±0.03 and 0.35±0.05 for direct genetic effect and 0.08±0.03 and 0.03±0.04 for maternal heritability for weights at 365 and 550 days, respectively. The genetic trends of the direct and maternal effects were 0.506 kg/year and -0.184 kg/year for weights at 365 days; and 0.712 kg/year and 0.187 kg/year for weights at 550 days. The results indicate the existence of adequate genetic variability to enable successful selection of breeding stock and realization of genetic gain.

Evaluating phenotypic diversity makes it possible to identify discrepancies in aptitudes among animals of different genetic bases, which is an indicator of adaptive or selective differences between populations. The objective of this work was to evaluate the morphofunctional diversity of 452 male and female adult equines (Arabian, Quarter Mile, Pantaneiro, and Criollo breeds, and undefined crossbreeds of horses and mules) raised in the Pantanal biome (Brazil). Linear measurements were performed to estimate conformation indexes. Initially, a discriminant analysis was performed, regardless of the animal's size, followed by factor analysis. The factors were characterized and used as new variables. The diversity among equines and their relationship with the factors were evaluated using multivariate analysis. The factors were classified according to their decreasing importance: balance, rusticity, and robustness for the measurement factors; and load, ability, conformation, and equilibrium for the index factors. The genetic groups of equines have well-defined morphofunctional characteristics. The main differences are based on the rusticity and ability typologies in relation to those based on performance. Equines introduced to the Pantanal biome presented a more robust and compact body with good conformation. As a result, these horses may have superior athletic performance during equestrian activities when compared to the Pantaneiro local breed. However, this biotype may represent less rusticity (less adaptive capacity). Therefore, the regional breed can be equal or better in equestrian activities than breeds introduced to the Pantanal biome. Thus, breeders may cross horses from local breeds as an alternative to those introduced. Undefined crossbred male equines presented a different profile from the Pantaneiro breed, which may indicate little use of crossbreeds in breeding.

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the genotype-environment interaction, and estimate genetic parameters, genetic trends, and performance dissimilarity-weight gain from birth to weaning (WGBW), adjusted weight to 205 days (W205), weight gain from weaning to 18 months of age (WG18), and adjusted weight to 550 days (W550)-in Nellore animals born between 1986 and 2012, and raised in pasture-based system in three different environmental gradients in Brazil. Data of 62,001 animals-11,729 raised in the Alto Taquari/Bolsão region (ATBR), 21,143 raised in the Campo Grande/Dourados region (CGDR) and 29,129 raised in the western São Paulo/Paraná region (SPPR) in Brazil-were used. The contemporary groups were defined by sex, location, and birth year and season, with at least nine individuals, two different environments, and breeding bulls with at least five progenies. The statistical model contained the direct additive and residual genetic effects (random effects), and environmental and contemporary group effects (fixed effects). Genetic parameters, genotype-environment interaction and genetic trends were estimates using animal model (uni- and/or bi- traits). The level of similarity between regions was evaluated using principal components. The animals raised in the CGDR had superior performance regarding the traits evaluated. The direct heritability estimates ranged from 0.39 to 0.44 (WGBW), 0.41 to 0.45 (W205), 0.42 to 0.55 (WG18) and 0.60 to 0.62 (W550). The maternal heritability of the traits ranged from 0.20 (WGBW), 0.12 to 0.18 (W205), 0.00 to 0.06 (WG18) and 0.02 to 0.22 (W550). According to the Spearman correlation, the ranking of the breeding bulls in the regions evaluated were different. The mean of Euclidean distance indicated low similarity between ATBR and CGDR (43.20), and ATBR and SPPR (29.24). CGDR and SPPR presented similarity of 17.84. The breed values increased over the years in the traits evaluated. The cumulative variance percentage of the first two main components explained 99.99% variation among the regions, and the weight gains of the animals were the most important to differentiate the regions. A genotype-environment interaction was found for the traits evaluated, thus, the breeding bull selected with superior genetic merit for one region might not be the best for others.

Deforestation, ecosystem homogenization, and diversity loss are frequent problems in tropical livestock systems, which can foster substantial human-wildlife conflict when wild carnivores with declining prey bases turn to cattle depredation. The objective of this paper was to examine spatial and temporal variation in the presence, composition, and diversity of wild fauna, including predators and their prey base, in a well-established tropical livestock system. The study was conducted on a ~ 140,000 ha ranch in the Cerrado-Pantanal transition zone in Brazil, where large areas of improved pasture are bounded by blocks of intact montane forests and seasonally flooded lowland habitat. The study sampled wildlife with camera traps distributed across the land use gradient and rancher depredation observations were also obtained. Depredation accounted for the loss of 0.9% of the total herd in the sampling year, and the number of depredation events was greater closer to intact forest and distant from centralized ranch structures and mechanized operations. Mammal diversity was greatest adjacent to intact forest and supported a complete representation of the native trophic structure, including large predators such as jaguar (Panthera onca), puma (Puma concolor), and maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and a diverse and abundant prey base. Sites progressively distant from intact forest and with more intensive conversion and development supported smaller subsets of the diversity and composition, and no apex predators. Livestock management practices to reduce the economic impact of depredation on calves requires faithful adherence, while opportunities exist for landscape management that will enhance diversity and facilitate movement of large mammals between intact forests.

Quality results depends on the available data accuracy. Topographic data for the entire globe from SRTM - Shuttle Radar Topography Mission are free and, if correct, they represent a powerful resource for the territorial and environmental planning. However, its use, in models for information systems, must be evaluated in order to assess the information reliability. The aim of this study was to verify the similarity between a soil loss map generated from SRTM DEM and another from a higher resolution. USLE model - Universal Soil Loss Equation was applied with the intention of estimate soil loss rates in a basin on the northeast of Sao Paulo State in Brazil. Therewith it was possible to assess the performance of SRTM DEM. The similarity was checked using the Kappa index, which shows the degree of similarity between maps through an error matrix. The Kappa index revealed that SRTM DEM has an accuracy level considered reasonable (0.6594), while Kappa values for LS factor (0.2584), natural erosion potential (0.2582) and estimated soil loss (0.4199) accuracy levels are considered low, low and moderate, respectively. Therefore, this study showed that the application of SRTM DEM can offer satisfactory results when multiplied by higher quality data in basins where LS is not a decisive factor in estimated soil loss, but must be used carefully in other conditions.

Monensin is a feed additive produced by a strain of Streptomyces cinnamonensis that has been used to improve milk production and feed efficiency by a mechanism linked to rumen fermentation of lactating dairy cows. Evaluation on performance, digestibility and blood parameters of crossbred dairy cows supplemented with monensin is still scarce. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of monensin supplementation on intake, digestibility of nutrients, lactational performance and blood parameters in crossbred dairy cows grazing tropical pasture subjected to rotational stocking and supplemented with concentrate. Sixteen crossbred Holstein-Gyr cows (initial milk yield = 20 kg/d; body weight = 505.5 kg ± 47.64) were blocked according to stage of lactation and milk production, and assigned to two treatments in a crossover design. The treatments were (1) control diet (pasture and concentrate) or (2) control diet plus 300 mg per cow per day of sodium monensin. There were 24 paddocks used of 1750 m2 each (total of 42,000 m2) with Tanzania Guinea grass (Panicum maximum), irrigated and managed under intermittent stocking systems. Concentrate supplementation was offered after milking in individual stalls (12.5 m2). The first 18 days were considered an adaptation period, followed by 10 days of the sampling period of milk, feces, blood, pasture and concentrate. The intakes of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDFom) and total digestible nutrients (TDN), and concentrate as well as the digestibility of CP were similar between treatments. Monensin supplementation increased the coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of DM (P = 0.03) and NDFom of crossbred dairy cows. Blood parameters such as glucose and urea were similar among the two groups. Monensin did not affect milk yield and 3.5% fat-corrected milk, but fat and total solids contents were reduced in cows fed ionophore. There was a tendency for the beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) level to be lower, while the nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration was reduced in dairy cows supplemented with feed monensin additive. These results demonstrate that monensin may increase the nutrient digestibility and fiber digestion. Furthermore, ionophore use could be beneficial to reduce fat mobilization as the ionophore tended to reduce BHBA with lower NEFA levels. Therefore, monensin has the potential to be used as an additive for crossbred dairy cows grazing on Tanzania-grass pasture (Panicum maximum) under tropical conditions.

The objective of this work was to estimate growth curves and genetic parameters from birth to 650 days of age of Nelore cattle raised in pasture in two production regions of the Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil (233,835 weight records from 47,459 cattle were analyzed). Genetic parameters were determined by random regression using Legendre orthogonal polynomials of cubic order, and age at weighing was considered in the model as a fixed effect to model the average growth trajectory. In the models, the effects of the contemporary group were considered as fixed and, as covariates, the animal age at weighing and the cow age at calving were nested in the animal age class (linear and quadratic effects), forming eight age classes. All models included the direct genetic additive, maternal genetic, and animal permanent environment as random effects, and the most appropriate model to describe the studied effects was defined according to the AIC and BIC criteria. Heritability estimates for birth weight varied between the two production regions, Campo Grande-Dourados (R1) and Alto Taquari-Bolsão (R2) and R1 (0.36 ± 0.02) and R2 (0.28 ± 0.03), and there were variations in the estimates at advanced ages. In both regions, the highest heritability values at 650 days of age were 0.47 ± 0.03 and 0.65 ± 0.02 for R1 and R2, respectively, with high heritability reflecting the high values of additive genetic variance. The random regression methodology was efficient in estimating growth curves and genetic parameters. Growth curves were different when they were estimated separately by sex, birth season, and production region. Genetic parameters estimated separately by region indicate differences in additive genetic variance, maternal additive, and animal permanent environment for weights up to 650 days of age. O objetivo do trabalho foi estimar curvas de crescimento e parâmetros genéticos, do nascimento aos 650 dias de idade de bovinos da raça Nelore criados a pasto em duas regiões de produção do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil (Foram analisados 233 registros de peso provenientes de 47.459 animais). Os parâmetros genéticos foram determinados por meio de regressão aleatória, utilizando polinômios ortogonais de Legendre de ordem cúbica, a idade a pesagem foi considerada no modelo como efeito fixo para modelar a trajetória média de crescimento. Nos modelos, os efeitos de grupo de contemporâneos foram considerados como fixos e, como covariáveis, a idade do animal (efeitos linear e quadrático), sendo construídas oito classes etárias. Todos os modelos incluíram os efeitos genético aditivo direto, genético materno e de ambiente permanente direto como aleatórios, e o modelo mais apropriado para descrever os efeitos estudados foi definido de acordo com os critérios AIC e BIC.As estimativas de herdabilidade para peso ao nascimento foram diferentes nas duas regiões produtoras, Campo Grande-Dourados (R1), e Alto Taquari-Bolsão (R2), R1 (0,36 ± 0,02) e R2 (0,28 ± 0,03), e para as idades avançadas ocorreram variações nas estimativas. Em ambas as regiões, os maiores valores de herdabilidade foram aos 650 dias de idade, 0,47 ± 0,03 e 0,65 ± 0,02, respectivamente para R1 e R2, sendo a alta herdabilidade reflexo dos altos valores de variância genética aditiva. A metodologia de regressão aleatória mostrou-se eficiente em estimar curvas de crescimento e parâmetros genéticos. As curvas de crescimento mostraram-se diferentes quando estimadas separadamente por sexo, estação de nascimento e região de produção. Os parâmetros genéticos estimados separadamente por região, indicam diferenças nas variâncias genética aditiva, aditiva materna e de ambiente permanente do animal para pesos até os 650 dias de idade.

A disciplina Física normalmente é motivo de desânimo para estudantes no ensino médio. É consenso entre professores que os educandos apresentam bastante desinteresse e falta de engajamento em relação à disciplina. Dessa forma, nesse trabalho de pesquisa desenvolvemos e testamos um produto educacional que é composto por atividades de ensino nas quais experimentos didáticos são utilizados como ferramentas para responder perguntas. No desenvolvimento de nosso produto educacional também utilizamos o Arduino para criar uma interface eletrônica que permite conectar sensores de temperatura e pressão ao computador, assim possibilitando a visualização, manipulação e armazenamento dos dados das medições. Esses recursos foram associados para criar situações em que os estudantes tenham a oportunidade de efetuarem medidas, representálas, analisá-las, discuti-las, e assim refletir sobre o que está acontecendo, de maneira que possam se sentir mais atuantes em relação ao conhecimento e ao conteúdo da disciplina. Nas atividades foram tratados temas pertinentes à Termodinâmica, relacionados aos conceitos de calor, temperatura e à 1ª Lei da Termodinâmica. Os resultados mostraram que as atividades tiveram efeitos positivos sobre o engajamento e aprendizagem dos estudantes, sendo que foram observados claros indícios de apropriação da linguagem científica. Physics is usually reason for dismay for high school students. It is a consensus among teachers that learners present a great deal of disinterest and lack of engagement in relation to the discipline. Thus, in this work we develop and test an educational product that is composed of teaching activities in which didactic experiments are used as tools to answer questions. In the development of our educational product we also use the Arduino to create an electronic interface that allows the connection of temperature and pressure sensors to the computer, thus allowing visualization, manipulation and storage of measurement data. These resources have been associated to create situations in which students have the opportunity to take action, to represent them, to analyze them, to discuss them, and to reflect on what is happening, so that they may feel more knowledge and content of the discipline. Activities related to thermodynamics related to the concepts of heat, temperature and the 1st Law of Thermodynamics were dealt with in the activities. The results showed that the activities had positive effects on students' engagement and learning, and clear evidence of appropriation of scientific language was observed.

Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax have evolved with host switches between non-human primates (NHPs) and humans. Studies on the infection dynamics of Plasmodium species in NHPs will improve our understanding of the evolution of these parasites; however, such studies are hampered by the difficulty of handling animals in the field. The aim of this study was to detect genomic DNA of Plasmodium species from the faeces of New World monkeys. Faecal samples from 23 Alouatta clamitans from the Centre for Biological Research of Indaial (Santa Catarina, Brazil) were collected. Extracted DNA from faecal samples was used for molecular diagnosis of malaria by nested polymerase chain reaction. One natural infection with Plasmodium simium was identified by amplification of DNA extracted from the faeces of A. clamitans. Extracted DNA from a captive NHP was also used for parasite genotyping. The detection limit of the technique was evaluated in vitro using an artificial mixture of cultured P. falciparum in NHP faeces and determined to be 6.5 parasites/µL. Faecal samples of New World primates can be used to detect malaria infections in field surveys and also to monitor the genetic variability of parasites and dynamics of infection.

Vaccine abscesses are key factors to condemn beef cattle carcasses. Often, economic losses can compromise the profitability of both slaughter house and rural producer. This study aimed to quantify the losses in beef production by carcass parts damnation due to vaccine reactions. The study was conducted in partnership with the slaughter house located in Itapetinga (BA, Brazil). From a total of 7,033 slaughtered animals, 5,225 carcasses were evaluated (74.3% of total). Excised parts of carcasses due to vaccine reaction were separated, weighed and later discarded to rendering plant. The percentage of carcasses with some loss was greater than 98%. Disposal by vaccine reaction exceeded 0.500 kg/carcass. The average loss of total slaughtered animals reached 0.24% of the carcass. Considering only the studied slaughter house, there was an economic loss of R$ 29,978.75 in just 13 days of operation, or, the equivalent in american dollars of US$ 7,457.40 (exchange of 01/14/2016). Tissues removed from carcasses due to abscess formation cause significant loss for both slaughter houses and rural producers.

Os índices de conformação corporal (ICC) possibilita estimar aptdões de equinos. Não existem estudos que avaliem ICC em diferente grupos genéticos (GG) de equídeos puros criados no Pantanal. O objetivo foi avaliar ICC de 452 equídeos distribuídos em Árabe, Quarto de Milha, Pantaneiro, Crioulo, equinos e muares mestiços. Foram mensurados nos equídeos medidas lineares e através da combinações destas, realizou-se a estimação dos ICC. Para análise da diversidade entre os grupos genéticos, utilizou-se procedimento univariados e multivariados. Os ICC apresentam diferenças entre os grupos genéticos de equídeos criados no Pantanal. Pode-se hipotisar que os produtores tem optado por utilizar raças exóticas na produção de equinos e muares mestiços, visto o menor distanciamento encontrado entre a Crioula e Quarto de Milha, e maior com a raça local (Pantaneira). Equinos Pantaneiros, equinos e muares mestiços fêmeas possui menor aptdão para tarefas que exigem força, menor porte corporal e capacidade de carga, aptdões para sela em relação as raças puras exóticas. Apesar dos equinos Pantaneiros apresentarem menores aptdões para aitvidade que exijam força e capacidade de carga em relação as raças exóticas, não houve uma diferença de classificação suficiente para mudar o tipo coporal do animal (brevelíneo, mediolíneo e longelíneo), e considerando que esta raça possui perfil eumétrico (médio porte) e já adaptada as condições do Pantanal, os produtores podem optar seu uso quando se busca agregar também a rusticidade nos animais.

O desenvolvimento mineiro ocorre em diversas etapas. Na fase inicial da atividade de mineração realiza-se uma análise prévia para quantificação e qualificação do minério passível de ser extraído de modo rentável, constituindo-se em uma gestão dos recursos e reservas minerais. Essa etapa é fundamental por caracterizar-se como fator de determinação para maximização da recuperação do minério, o que implica na vida útil e lucratividade do empreendimento mineiro através do reconhecimento geológico do depósito mineral que está sujeito de ser materializado por vários tipos de modelos. Neste contexto, é fundamental a elaboração de um modelo geomorfológico representativo do corpo mineralizado baseado em informações recolhidas por meio de técnicas de prospecção geológica e levantamentos de campo. Por ser realizado na fase inicial, a precisão dos resultados desses trabalhos geralmente não se constitui fator decisivo na seleção dos alvos de pesquisa de detalhe devido à carência de dados de campo e necessidade de custos reduzidos, sendo admitidas variações de até 30% nos valores determinados. O desenvolvimento contínuo das ferramentas computacionais permite que modelos geomorfológicos das ocorrências minerais possam ser elaborados de maneira rápida e precisa com baixo custo operacional. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma metodologia para modelagem geométrica de maciços rochosos a partir do uso de softwares de baixo custo e ilustrar na prática a aplicação da mesma para determinação do volume de maciços rochosos.

— The Coffee Leaf Miner - CLM and coffee rust are the main pests and coffee diseases, respectively. One of the rust and CLM handling ways is the preventive use of active ingredients of joint action (fungicide + insecticide) via soil. These products are generally evaluated for their efficiency in the chemical control of pests and diseases; however some of these products may promote a tonic effect by improving plant vigor. Thus, the objective in this work was to verify the influence of the phytosanitary products application on the rust and leaf miner control, on the coffee trees development and production. The assay was installed in Random Block Design - RBD, with twelve treatments T1 - Premier Plus, T2 - Premier Plus and Actara, T3 - Verdadero, T4 - Verdadero and Actara, T5 - Actara, T6 - Actara (Nov/Feb), T7 - Altacor, T8 - Altacor and Actara, T9 - Impact, T10 - Opera, T11- Control and T12 - Practical and three replicates in a Catuaí IAC-144 crop. Number of nodes per branch, productivity, incidence of rust and CLM were evaluated. There was no difference in the coffee trees growth submitted to the application of different phytosanitary products for the control of rust and leaf miner. The application of Thiamethoxan + Cyproconazole in november with a complementary application of Thiamethoxan in february were more efficient for the coffee leaf miner control and provided greater vigor and productivity to the coffee tree.

DOI: 10.12957/rdc.2018.31268 O artigo aborda os institutos da posse, da propriedade e do tombamento a partir da perspectiva constitucional, considerando para tanto o exercicio de sua funcao cultural, apresentando a necessidade de intervencao do Estado no âmbito privado, enquanto assegurador do exercicio das ditas funcoes a que se encontram submetidos os proprietarios. A pesquisa objetiva pautar o tombamento enquanto mecanismo balizador da limitacao ao direito de propriedade, perpassando pela delimitacao dos direitos patrimoniais e suas inter-relacoes com o poder de policia. Pretende apresentar os fundamentos e caracteristicas do tombamento como mecanismo de aplicacao da funcao socioambiental da propriedade, pois tal instituto assegura a efetivacao da preservacao do patrimonio culturalmente considerado e, consequentemente, do meio ambiente equilibrado e da heranca intergeracional. Do estudo surgiu o entendimento de que a proposta contida no conjunto de acoes e limitacoes relativas ao tombamento, bem como a obrigatoriedade de fiscalizacao, controle e monitoramento dos bens de valor cultural, demandam compreensao a partir da finalidade precipua pretendida: preservar o acervo cultural difuso, condicionando o exercicio do direito de propriedade. A metodologia utilizada no estudo e a teorico-documental, com tecnica dedutiva e pesquisa bibliografica em artigos e obras doutrinarias nacionais e internacionais. Palavras-chave: Posse; Propriedade; Tombamento; Patrimonio cultural. Abstract The article deals with the institutes of possession, ownership and the designated properties from the constitutional perspective, considering for this purpose the exercise of their cultural function, presenting the need for State intervention in the private sphere, as the insurer of the exercise of said functions to which the owners are submitted. The research aims to guide the designated properties as a mechanism to limit the right to property, through the delimitation of patrimonial rights and their interrelations with police power. It intends to present the foundations and characteristics of the designated properties as a mechanism of application of the socio environmental function of the property, since this institute ensures the effectiveness of the preservation of the cultural heritage considered and consequently of the balanced environment and the intergenerational inheritance. From the study came the understanding that the proposal contained in the set of actions and limitations related to the tipping, as well as the mandatory control, control and monitoring of cultural value goods, demand understanding from the intended purpose of preserving the diffuse cultural heritage, conditioning the exercise of the right of ownership. The methodology used in the study is the theoretical-documentary, with deductive technique and bibliographical research in articles and national and international doctrinal works. Keywords: Possession; Property; Designated properties; Cultural heritage.

Resumo A região Centro-Oeste tem se destacado como produtora de carne bovina e, para tanto, produzir com eficiência tem sido a meta dos produtores. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se estimar parâmetros e tendências genéticas para pesos aos 240 (P240) e 420 (P420) dias de idade em bovinos da raça Nelore, criados na região de Goiás, Brasil. Utilizaram-se 48.580 dados para P240 e 28.685 para P420. Os parâmetros genéticos foram obtidos por análises univariadas em que o modelo continha os efeitos fixos de grupo de contemporâneos (estação de nascimento - águas e seca -, ano de nascimento, sexo e fazenda) e a covariável idade da vaca. Como efeito aleatório, utilizou-se o efeito aditivo direto e materno para P240 e apenas direto para P420. As tendências genéticas foram obtidas por meio da análise de regressão do valor genético do animal sobre ano de nascimento. Os resultados obtidos de herdabilidade direta foram 0,15 ± 0,02 para P240 e 0,24 ± 0,00 para P420. O ganho genético anual foi de 0,274 kg para P240 e de 0,506 kg P420. Os resultados indicam a possibilidade de se obterem maiores ganhos genéticos por meio da seleção, que está sendo mais eficiente sobre o P420. Abstract The Midwest region has excelled as a beef producer and producing efficiently has been the goal of livestock farmers. This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters and trends for weights at 240(W240) and 420(W420) days of age in Nellore cattle, reared in Goias state, Brazil. A total of 48,580 data for W240 and 28,685 for W420 were used. Genetic parameters were obtained by univariate analysis. The model included the fixed effects of contemporary group (birth season-dry and wet-, year of birth, sex and farm) and covariate age of cow. Direct and maternal effects were used as random effect for W240 and the direct effect for W420. The genetic trends were obtained by regression analysis of the genetic value of the animal on the year of birth. The results of direct heritability were 0.15 ± 0.02 for W240 and 0.24 ± 0.00 for W420. The annual genetic gain was 0.311 kg for W240 and 0.511 kg for 420 days of age (W420). The results indicate the possibility of obtaining higher genetic gains through selection; however, the selection is being more efficient at W420.

Purebred and crossbred calves (n = 3,871) were selected that were born in the sub-region of the Pantanal of Aquidauana (Brazil), derived from Nellore, Brangus, Wagyu, and 1/2 Brangus + 1/2 Nellore cows, which were artificially inseminated by bulls of the Aberdeen Angus, Red Angus, Brangus, Nellore, and Wagyubreeds. Parameters such as weaning weight, daily gain from birth to weaning, and the number of days to gain 160 kg, were assessed inthese calves and phenotypic correlations between the traits were evaluated. Data were analyzed using two statistical models. The first model included sire breed effects, the genetic group of the cow, sex, year of birth (AN), birth season (EN), and the interaction AN * EN. The second model included the genetic group of the calf, sex, AN, EN, and the interaction AN * EN. The genetic group of the cow and calf and the interaction AN * EN did not significantly affect body weight (p < 0.05). The average weaning weights of progeny were as follows: Aberdeen Angus bulls, 177.70 ± 3.28 kg; Red Angus, 180.31 ± 3.46 kg; Brangus, 181.48 ± 3.15 kg; Nellore, 175.43 ± 3.60 kg; and Wagyu, 173.16 ± 2.96 kg. RESUMO. Utilizaram-se informações de 3.871 bezerros puros e cruzados, provindos de fêmeas das raças: Nelore, Brangus, Wagyu e 1/2 Brangus vs. 1/2 Nelore, as quais receberam o sêmen proveniente de touros das raças Aberdeen Angus, Red Angus, Brangus, Nelore e Wagyu para avaliar efeitos sobre o peso a desmama, ganho diário de peso do nascimento a desmama e o número de dias para se obter 160 kg de bezerros nascidos na sub-região do Pantanal de Aquidauana (Brasil), avaliando correlações fenotípicas entre as características. Analisaram-se os dados, utilizaram-se dois modelos estatísticos. O primeiro incluiu efeitos de raça do touro, grupo genético da vaca, sexo, ano de nascimento (AN), estação de nascimento (EN) e interação AN*EN. O segundo incluiu grupo genético do bezerro, sexo, AN, EN e interação AN*EN. Grupo genético da vaca e interação AN*EN do bezerro não influenciou (p < 0.05) no peso ao desmame. Observou-se peso médio ao desmame para filhos de touros Aberdeen Angus de 177,7 ± 3,3 kg, Red Angus de 180,3 ± 3,5 kg, Brangus de 181,48 ± 3,2 kg, Nelore de 175,4 ± 3,6 kg e Wagyu de 173,1 ± 3,0 kg.

The paper examined the coats and morphometric and conformation indices of 125 adult Quarter horses, distributed in purebred horses (67 females and 26 males) and crossbred horses (24 females and 8 males), used in Lasso competitions in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Coat color variation was studied based on simple count of the occurrences of the phenomenon. The morphometric analysis considered 28 linear measurements, which were the base for the calculation of 12 conformation indices. The least squares method was applied. The variation sources in the model were the effects of gender, genetic group (purebred or crossbred horses), and the interaction genetic group/gender. The Pearson correlation was estimated between the morphometric and the conformation indices. The most predominant coat colors among the horses were bay (42.40 %) and chestnut (22.40 %). The variation sources affected the morphometric and conformation indices (p

Submitted by JULIO CESAR DE SOUZA MATOS null (matosj.c.s@gmail.com) on 2017-11-03T17:27:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao-julio_matos_final.pdf: 3718654 bytes, checksum: b89fd967a33aa0c41fd3a957b4ee875e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-11-13T17:19:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 matos_jcs_me_rcla.pdf: 3718654 bytes, checksum: b89fd967a33aa0c41fd3a957b4ee875e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-13T17:19:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 matos_jcs_me_rcla.pdf: 3718654 bytes, checksum: b89fd967a33aa0c41fd3a957b4ee875e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-06 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) O processo de biodigestão anaeróbia pode ser utilizado no tratamento de resíduos orgânicos, com destaque para recuperação energética do biogás. Estudos recentes apontam aumento na eficiência da atividade microbiológica em processos de biodegradação anaeróbia de compostos orgânicos sob campo magnético. Desse modo, tecnologias que resultem em melhorias desse processo podem contribuir para o avanço do tratamento de resíduos orgânicos e da produção de biogás, via digestão anaeróbia. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho verificou a influência da aplicação de campo eletromagnético constante sobre o processo de decomposição anaeróbia da glicose. A pesquisa consistiu na operação de reatores (1 L) anaeróbios em batelada, mantidos a 37 ± 2 ºC, sem agitação, sob a influência de diferentes intensidades de campo eletromagnético de 5, 7,5 e 10 mT. Foi usado, como inóculo lodo granular proveniente de estação de tratamento anaeróbio, nos reatores, em meio nutricional sintético não seletivo. A avaliação do desempenho do processo de degradação foi obtida pela estimativa de produção de biogás e metano, bem como da análise da redução da demanda química de oxigênio e da remoção de sólidos. Os resultados demonstraram diferença positiva na produção de gás metano, aumento de 21,5 % com 7,5 mT e aumento de 15 % da remoção de DQO, nas intensidades de 7,5 mT. Esses resultados sinalizam para possível viabilidade de uso de campo magnético constante na bioestimulação de consórcios microbianos anaeróbios. Anaerobic digestion processes with biogas production are largely used for organic waste treatment, with emphasis for energy recovery. Some recent studies have demonstrated magnetism influence on microbiological activity, these indicates possible influence on the efficiency of anaerobic digestion. By these means, technologies that act in anaerobic digestion enhancement can contribute for the improvement of organic compounds treatment. The present study aims to verify the influence of constant electromagnetic field on the glucose anaerobic digestion. The research comprises comparison of biogas production in 1 L batch reactors, kept static under 37 ± 2 ºC. In each experiment, reactors were operated with and without the influence of constant electromagnetic field of 5, 7,5 and 10 mT. The inoculum was granular sludge from anaerobic treatment plant in non-selective media culture. Biogas production, COD and solid removal were measured during the experiments. Results show positive difference on methane production of 21,5 % and on COD removal of 15 % in the tests with electromagnetic field of 7,5 mT. These results sign for the viability of the application of constant magnetic field as a bioetimulation agent.

Neste trabalho, sílicamesoporosa MCM-41 foi sintetizada com o uso de template e funcionalizada pós-síntese, utilizando 3-aminopropil-trimetoxisilano (APTMS) como agente de acoplamento em diferentes proporções. Os grupos funcionalizados foram analisados quantitativamente por TGA e XPS e qualitativamente por RMN de estado sólido de 29Si, evidenciando a ancoração das cadeias orgânicas na superfície da sílica, e de 13C, evidenciando a presença dos grupos aminopropil. As áreas superficiais dos materiais obtidas pelo método BET diminuíram com o aumento da funcionalização, e então o material com menos grupos ancorados - e maior área superficial - foi utilizado para imobilizar Cu (I). O material imobilizado foi usado como um eficiente catalisador na reação de acoplamento A3 com 0,02 mol% de Cu (I), a menor quantidade de catalisador já reportada na literatura para esse processo. O material imobilizado foi mais eficiente até mesmo que o próprio catalisador homogêneo nas mesmas condições, indicando que os mesoporos do suporte têm um papel fundamental no processo, podendo ter confinado espécies metálicas no seu interior e, portanto, criado nanoambientes de mais alta concentração de catalisador, melhorando a cinética do processo como um todo. Estudos de ICP-OES após a reação mostraram lixiviamento total do cobre que, apesar de ser apenas 70 ppm de contaminação no produto final (abaixo do limite de 300 ppm para ingestão oral estabelecido pela FDA), pode ser em parte sequestrado pelo próprio suporte pela simples agitação do sistema por 24h em temperatura ambiente. Dessa forma, o suporte, além entregar espécies cataliticamente ativas ao sistema e sequestrar parte delas ao fim do processo, as confina nos poros e permite o uso de quantidades de catalisador baixíssimas, na ordem de partes por milhão. In this work, mesoporous silica MCM-41 was synthesized by using a template method and post-synthesisfunctionalized withAPTMS, using variouscoupling agent proportions. The functionalized groups were analyzed quantitatively by TGA and XPS and qualitatively by solidstated NMR for 29Si, which evidenced the anchoring of the organic chains onto the silicas surface, and for 13C, which evidenced the presence of aminopropil groups. The BET surface areas of the materials decreased with an increase in the degree of functionalization, hence the materialwith less anchored groups and highest surface area was used to immobilize Cu (I). The immobilized material efficiently catalyzed the A3-coupling reaction with 0.02 mol% of catalyst, the lowest load ever reported in the literature. The immobilized material was even more efficient than the homogeneous catalyst itself at the same conditions, pointing that the supports mesopores might have a fundamental role in the process, such as confining metallic species on their interiors and, therefore, creating nanoenvironments of higher catalyst load, improving the kinetic of the process as a whole. ICP-OES studies after the reaction completion showed total leaching of the copper which, although representing only 70 ppm of final product contamination (below the 300 ppm oral ingestion threshold stablished by FDA), can be in part scavenged by the support itself simply by stirring the system for extra 24h at room temperature. Thus, the support not only delivers catalytic active species to the system and scavenges part of them back at the end of the process, but also confine them inside of its pores and enables the use to an extremely low catalyst load, in the parts per million scale.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the carcass and meat traits, and the non-carcass components of crossbred Dorper lambs fed diets with increasing levels of urea (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% of dry matter – DM). The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments (urea inclusion levels) and six replicates per treatment. Lambs were fed ad libitum for 56 days and slaughtered at 37.9 ± 5.1 kg of body weight (BW). The weight and yield of carcass before and after cooling were not influenced by urea levels, with average values of 16.9 kg and 44.6% for cold carcass weight and yield. Urea levels did not affect the morphometric measurements, the fat deposition on the carcass, the weight of carcass cuts and the weight of non-carcass components. There was a quadratic effect of urea levels on the loin yield, which may achieve maximum value of 11.31% with the inclusion of 0.84% DM urea in the feed. The pH and the color coordinates L* (brightness), a* (red intensity) and C* (saturation) of the meat also showed quadratic response to the urea levels, where in the minimum value of 5.53 for pH, maximum value of 48.67 for L* and minimum values of 14.04 and 16.21 for a* and C* may be obtained by including 0.53 to 0.70% DM urea in the ration. The inclusion of 0.84% DM urea in the ration is recommended to obtain maximum yield of loin and meat with attractive characteristics to the consumer, which is characterized by high red intensity and brightness. If consumers have preference for lamb meat with a more intense red color, the inclusion of 1.5% DM urea should be considered in the ration formulation. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar as características de carcaça, dos componentes não-carcaça e da carne de cordeiros mestiços Dorper alimentados com rações contendo níveis crescentes de ureia (0,0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5% da matéria seca – MS). O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos (níveis de inclusão de ureia) e seis repetições por tratamento. Os cordeiros foram alimentados à vontade por 56 dias e abatidos com 37,9 ± 5,1 kg de peso corporal (PC). Os pesos e rendimentos de carcaça antes e após o resfriamento não foram influenciados pelos níveis de inclusão de ureia, com valores médios de 16,9 kg e 44,6% para peso e rendimento de carcaça fria. Os níveis de inclusão de ureia não afetaram as medidas morfométricas, a deposição de gordura e o peso dos cortes da carcaça; e o peso dos componentes não-carcaça. Houve efeito quadrático dos níveis de inclusão de ureia sobre o rendimento de lombo, que pode alcançar o valor máximo de 11,31% com a inclusão de 0,84% MS de ureia na ração. O pH e as coordenadas de cor L* (luminosidade), a* (intensidade de vermelho) e C* (saturação) da carne também apresentaram resposta quadrática aos níveis de inclusão de ureia, em que o valor mínimo de 5,53 para pH, valor máximo de 48,67 para L* e os valores mínimos de 14,04 e 16,21 para a* e C* podem ser obtidos com a inclusão de 0,53 a 0,70% MS ureia na ração. Recomenda-se a inclusão de 0,84% MS de ureia na ração para a obtenção de máximo rendimento de lombo e de carne com características qualitativas atrativas ao consumidor, que é caracterizada pela boa intensidade de cor vermelha e de brilho. Se os consumidores têm preferência por carne ovina com cor vermelha mais intensa, a inclusão de 1,5% MS de ureia deverá ser considerada na formulação da ração.

Blood infection by the simian parasite, Plasmodium simium, was identified in captive (n = 45, 4.4%) and in wild Alouatta clamitans monkeys (n = 20, 35%) from the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil. A single malaria infection was symptomatic and the monkey presented clinical and haematological alterations. A high frequency of Plasmodium vivax-specific antibodies was detected among these monkeys, with 87% of the monkeys testing positive against P. vivax antigens. These findings highlight the possibility of malaria as a zoonosis in the remaining Atlantic Forest and its impact on the epidemiology of the disease.

The Pantanal of Brazil, the world’s largest freshwater wetland, supports a large diversity of species and is under continually increasing pressure from human development, including vehicle collisions with wild animals. We examined decadal, annual, and spatial variation in wildlife-vehicle collisions along highway BR-262 in the southern Pantanal, and specifically: (1) what is the rate of roadkill along BR-262, and did it increased over the previous decade, (2) which species are frequently victims of collisions and does this vary annually along the highway’s length, and (3) what anthropogenic or environmental factors may influence this variation and how can the context of collisions inform mitigation? We sampled the highway monthly, between April 2011 and June 2012, stopping when roadkill was observed to identify species and collect GPS coordinates and a photographic record. Data was analyzed temporally and in relation to traffic volume and precipitation, and imported into a GIS and analyzed spatially and in relation to elevation. We recorded 518 carcasses from 40 species over the 15 sampling periods. The rate of roadkill incidents was 1 every 6.2 km, a tenfold increase since 2002, and is now one of the highest in Brazil. IUCN Red List species were observed, including lowland tapir, giant anteater, and marsh deer. At the lowest elevations, during seasonal wetland inundation the causeway embankment is sought for refuge, increasing collision probability. Mitigation measures tied to seasonal flood pulse variation along the causeway may reduce the high rate of wild animal mortality and loss of biodiversity.

Estudou-se a divergência genética entre 73 reprodutores da raça Gir, por meio de medidas de dissimilaridade, métodos de agrupamento e análises gráficas por componentes principais, com base nas diferenças esperadas em suas progênies relativas a caracteres ponderais e reprodutivos. As distâncias Euclidianas médias padronizadas obtidas foram 4,3743 entre os mais dissimilares e 0,1135 para os mais similares. Quatro grupos de reprodutores com a mesma similaridade foram obtidos por métodos de agrupamento por otimização. Os três primeiros componentes principais explicaram 82,01% da variância total, o primeiro explicou 37,09%, o segundo respondeu por 26,58% e o terceiro por 18,34% da variância. Os escores dos componentes principais possibilitaram a avaliação visual da divergência genética, por meio de gráficos de dispersão. Os resultados encontrados permitiram identificar entre os animais avaliados, os mais divergentes, recomendando que suas progênies possam ser utilizadas como genitores de acasalamentos em programas de melhoramento que visem obter bezerros com melhor desempenho que os pais. We studied the genetic divergence among 73 Gyr bulls, through dissimilarity measures, grouping methods and graphic analysis by main components based on the differences expected in its progenies related to productive and reproductive characteristics. The mean Euclidian standardized distances obtained were 4.3743 among the most dissimilar ones and 0.1135 for the most similar ones. Four groups of reproducers with the same similarity were obtained through grouping methods by optimization. The three main components explained 82.01% of the total variance; the first one explained 37.09%, the second one responded by 26.58% and the third one by 18.34% of variance. Scores of the main components enabled the visual evaluation of genetic divergence, through dispersion graphics. The results allowed the identification, among the evaluated animals, of the most divergent ones, recommending that their progenies can be used as mating genitors in improvement programs which aim at producing calves with better performance than their parents.

O presente estudo tem como finalidade abordar o acesso à saúde em seus aspectos políticos-orçamentários e jurídicos, utilizando como parâmetro o crescente aumento da judicialização no sistema único de saúde, sob o paradigma da dimensão jurídico política da sustentabilidade. Utilizou-se como norte metodológico o método dedutivo, por meio da técnica monográfica, com realização de revisão bibliográfica de artigos e obras doutrinárias nacionais e internacionais referentes ao tema. Da reflexão surgiu o entendimento que há de se pensar estratégias para um atendimento mais equânime de tais demandas, bem como instrumentalizar o judiciário com a finalidade de se prestar um atendimento judicial amparado tecnicamente na seara da saúde pública, primando também por novas abordagens no enfrentamento desse quadro na busca de novos paradigmas que aliem a defesa de direitos consagrados no ordenamento jurídico com o equilíbrio orçamentário.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:06:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982002000300013.pdf: 191817 bytes, checksum: f4b38b81edd8a0c9fbab5ef89747f8ae (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:06:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982002000300013.pdf: 191817 bytes, checksum: f4b38b81edd8a0c9fbab5ef89747f8ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T20:10:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982002000300013.pdf: 191817 bytes, checksum: f4b38b81edd8a0c9fbab5ef89747f8ae (MD5) S1516-35982002000300013.pdf.txt: 27132 bytes, checksum: 7b94aac5ddde3ed30c3f29982f054bdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:17:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982002000300013.pdf: 191817 bytes, checksum: f4b38b81edd8a0c9fbab5ef89747f8ae (MD5) S1516-35982002000300013.pdf.txt: 27132 bytes, checksum: 7b94aac5ddde3ed30c3f29982f054bdb (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:17:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982002000300013.pdf: 191817 bytes, checksum: f4b38b81edd8a0c9fbab5ef89747f8ae (MD5) S1516-35982002000300013.pdf.txt: 27132 bytes, checksum: 7b94aac5ddde3ed30c3f29982f054bdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-01-01 Os dados são relativos aos pesos de animais da raça Tabapuã, nascidos no período de 1959 a 1996 em várias regiões brasileiras. As observações foram analisadas com o objetivo de avaliar as mudanças genéticas aditivas diretas e maternas dos pesos padronizados para 205 (P205), 365 (P365) e 550 (P550) dias de idade. As estimativas dos componentes de (co) variância utilizadas no cálculo dos valores genéticos foram obtidas pelo método de máxima verossimilhança restrita livre de derivadas (REML), usando o aplicativo MTDFREML, cujo modelo continha os efeitos aleatórios aditivo direto, materno e de ambiente permanente, além dos efeitos fixos de grupo de contemporâneos (unidade da federação, fazenda, sexo, estação e ano de nascimento do animal) e a covariável idade da vaca ao parto (efeitos linear e quadrático). As tendências genéticas dos efeitos genéticos direto e materno foram estimadas pela regressão, ponderada, das médias anuais dos valores genéticos dos animais. As tendências genéticas dos efeitos direto no período estudado foram 0,134 ; 0,207, e 0,276 kg/ano, para P205, P365 e P550, respectivamente. Ainda para os três pesos, na mesma ordem, as estimativas das tendências genéticas maternas foram 0,019; -0,011; e -0,022 kg/ano. em virtude da variação genética existente, os resultados observados estão bem aquém das mudanças possíveis. Data related to weights of animals of the Tabapuã breed, born from 1959 to 1996, in several areas of Brazil, were analyzed with the objective of evaluating the direct and maternal genetic trends, for body weights adjusted for 205 (W205), 365 (W365) and 550 (W550) days of age. The (co)variance component estimates used in the calculation of the breeding values were obtained by the restricted maximum likelihood method (REML), with a model containing the random additive direct, maternal and permanent environmental effects, and the fixed effects of contemporary group (unit of the federation, farm, sex, season and year of birth of the animal) and the covariable age of the cow at calving (linear and quadratic effects). The genetic trends of the direct and maternal genetic effects were estimated by the regression of the breeding value annual means on year of birth of the animals. The genetic trends of the direct effects were 0.134, 0.199 and 0.276 kg/year, for W205, W365 and W550, respectively. The estimates of the maternal genetic trends were, in the same order, 0.019, -0.010 and -0.022 kg/year, respectively. Due to the existing genetic variability on the traits, the genetic changes attained are bellow the possible ones. UFMS DCN UNESP FCA DPEA Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Gado de Corte UFPR DZO Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Pecuária Sudeste UNESP FCA DPEA

La comunicación presenta una inquietud profesional desde la reflexión y experiencia académica propiciada por un largo periodo como Coordinadora del PRÁCTICUM de Educación Social y, desde ella, recoge la crítica, también la autocrítica al quehacer universitario en relación a las pautas asumidas implícita o explícitamente desde el área de la política y la empresa. Concretamente, se centra en los estudios de Grado de la Educación Social y, por el interés para el movimiento higienista, en la educación sexual. En la denominada educación sexual parece extenderse e imponerse una exhaustiva información que no tiene en cuenta los múltiples aspectos formativos de los que es susceptible. En este sentido, nos preguntamos, sobre la delimitación o diferencia entre de lo que se hace supuestamente para asumir la educación de preadolescentes y jóvenes, y los posibles abismos a los que los acercamos al no tener en cuenta los valores como el respeto a uno mismo y al otro, el amor responsable etc.

Resumo Qualquer atividade equestre exig e equino com aptidão adequada, podendo ser identificada através da conformação corporal (IC), calculada pela combinação de medidas biométricas. Objetivou-se avaliar IC de 86 equinos, pertencentes aos grupos genéticos (GG): Crioulo (CR), Brasileiro de Hipismo (BH), Árabe (ARB), Quarto de Milha (QM), Puro Sangue Inglês (PSI) e mestiços com pequena estatura corporal, rotulado Petiço (PE). Avaliaram-se relação cernelha garupa, peso corporal estimado, torácico, corporal, corporal relativo, conformação, compacidade e carga 1 e 2, carga na canela e dáctilo-torácico. Analisaram-se efeito de sexo (S), GG e interação S*GG; correlações entre IC; componentes principais, elaborando-se diagrama de dispersão com biplot, para se verificar a distribuição dos GG em relação aos IC; e cluster para verificar distância entre GG. Os efeitos foram responsáveis por variações (P

La explotación de yeso en el Pólo Gesseiro do Araripe, Brasil es el mayor generador de desarrollo del Semiárido pernambucano, pero también es uno de los grandes proveedores de impactos negativos al medio ambiente. Una alternativa de exploración sostenible del yeso en este sitio puede ser la selección de un método de laboreo que ofrezca menos impactos ambientales, y que transforme el área explorada en un local que continúe contribuyendo, de forma positiva, al ecosistema y al desarrollo regional. Este trabajo compara el método de explotación por Cortas tradicionalmente utilizado en el Pólo, con el método tipo Transferencia que permite la recuperación del hueco al mismo tiempo que se desarrolla la mina, el cual resulta menos impactante desde el punto de vista ambiental y por tanto, considerado aquí como alternativa sostenible. Al final se concluyó que la exploración de los yacimientos de yeso encontrados en esta región puede ser realizada de modo sostenible a través del método por Transferencia, por presentarse económicamente más eficiente y menos dañino al medio ambiente. Además, posibilita un posterior aprovechamiento económico del área explotada, transformando la minería en una actividad generadora de desarrollo inmediato y continuado.

This work deals with the existence, uniqueness and stability of solutions for the semilinear discrete harmonic oscillator equation on Banach spaces by using recent characterization of maximal regularity for a best difference approximation of the discrete harmonic oscillator equation.

We study S -asymptotically ω -periodic solutions of the abstract fractional equation u ′ = ∂ − α + 1 A u + f ( t , u t ) , 1 α 2 , where A is a linear operator of sectorial type μ 0 .

A criacao de novilhas tem contribuicao relevante no custo total de producao de leite e as tecnicas de manejo nela adotadaspodem interferir na expressao dos parâmetros produtivos e reprodutivos do animal. Objetivou-se neste trabalho estabelecerrelacoes entre taxa de ganho de peso de novilhas pre-puberes, idade ao primeiro parto e producao de leite na primeiralactacao. Na primeira fase do estudo foram avaliados o crescimento de 84 femeas bovinas da raca Holandesa PO dos 6 aos12 meses, pertencentes a duas propriedades. Na segunda fase, avaliou-se a idade ao parto e a producao de leite na 1alactacao. Os animais foram pesados a cada 30 dias dos 6 aos 12 meses e registrou-se tambem a idade ao primeiro parto.Apos o parto era feito o registro diario da producao de leite. De acordo com o ganho de peso dos 6 aos 12 meses os animaisforam entao alocados em tres grupos (tratamentos): T1 (n=28) GMD menor que 0,70 kg/dia; T2 (n=28) GMD entre 0,701 e0,80 kg/dia e T3 (n=28) GMD superiores a 0,801 kg/dia. Dos seis meses ao parto o manejo adotado nas propriedades erasemelhante. Entretanto, na fase de lactacao os animais da fazenda 1 recebiam menor teor de concentrado na dieta total. Osdados foram submetidos a analise de variância, utilizando-se o programa estatistico SAS (2007) sendo as medias testadaspelo procedimento GLM do SAS. Nao foi verificado efeito do ganho medio diario das novilhas sobre a producao de leitecorrigido para 305 dias; entretanto, verificou-se efeito sobre idade ao primeiro parto. Devido ao manejo diferente adotado naspropriedades, na fase de lactacao, e tambem a genetica verificou-se efeito de fazenda sobre a producao de leite. O elevadodesempenho animal durante a fase de recria pode ser responsavel pela reducao na idade ao primeiro parto sem, portanto,afetar a producao futura de leite.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as principais caracteristicas zootecnicas produtivas e suas correlacoes fenotipicas entreestas como peso ao nascer (PN), peso aos 120 (P120), aos 180 (P180), aos 205 (P205), aos 240 (P240), aos 300 (P300),aos 365 (P365), aos 420 (P420), aos 480 (P480), aos 540 (P540) dias de idade; ganhos de peso do nascimento ate os 120(GPN120), aos 205 (GPN205) dias de idade e o peso dos 120 aos 205 (GP120_205), dos 205 aos 365 (GP205_365) e dos365 aos 540 (GP365_540) dias de idade e estimar a influencia da idade da vaca em 12.440 bezerros da raca Nelorenascidos no estado de Minas Gerais, usando tecnicas de analises multivariadas. O menor (0,101) valor encontrado para ascorrelacoes foi entre P205_365 e P365_540 e o maior (0,996) foi entre P205 e PN205. Os cinco primeiros componentesprincipais justificaram 97,08%, sendo que o primeiro justificou 63,51%, o segundo 12,1% e o terceiro 8,3% e os outros dois,13,17%, respectivamente. O maior peso observado aos 240 dias, 194,1 kg, ocorreu em bezerros nascidos de vacas com 108meses de idade; o menor peso observado foi de 169,5kg para bezerros nascidos de vacas com 240 meses de idade.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:47:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-204X2008000200009.pdf: 106377 bytes, checksum: 0852d027e7973d7b073303a82e40ab28 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:47:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-204X2008000200009.pdf: 106377 bytes, checksum: 0852d027e7973d7b073303a82e40ab28 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:27:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2008000200009.pdf: 106377 bytes, checksum: 0852d027e7973d7b073303a82e40ab28 (MD5) S0100-204X2008000200009.pdf.txt: 25803 bytes, checksum: e53dbd6960fd2e257e70247bdc5a962e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:41:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2008000200009.pdf: 106377 bytes, checksum: 0852d027e7973d7b073303a82e40ab28 (MD5) S0100-204X2008000200009.pdf.txt: 25803 bytes, checksum: e53dbd6960fd2e257e70247bdc5a962e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:41:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-204X2008000200009.pdf: 106377 bytes, checksum: 0852d027e7973d7b073303a82e40ab28 (MD5) S0100-204X2008000200009.pdf.txt: 25803 bytes, checksum: e53dbd6960fd2e257e70247bdc5a962e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-01 O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a estrutura populacional e os progressos genéticos, fenotípicos e ambientais de características de desenvolvimento ponderal, em bubalinos da raça Mediterrâneo. Foram utilizadas informações dos pesos ajustados aos 205, 365 e 550 dias de idade, de 6.243 bubalinos nascidos no período de 1974 a 2003, provenientes de quatro fazendas. As estimativas dos coeficientes de herdabilidade foram altas para os pesos ajustados nas três idades. Os rebanhos apresentaram ganho genético positivo quanto a essas três características, porém, aquém do possível, provavelmente em razão da seleção baseada somente no fenótipo, realizada pelos produtores. Para aumento nos ganhos genéticos, são necessários a redução do intervalo de geração, o aumento do tamanho efetivo, o uso de reprodutores avaliados com base nos valores genéticos preditos pelo BLUP e o controle dos acasalamentos de animais aparentados. The objective of this work was to evaluate the population structure as well as the improvement of genetic, phenotypic, and environmental effects on growth development of Mediterranean water buffaloes, raised in Brazil. Information on weight adjusted at 205, 365, and 550 days of age of 6,243 buffaloes from four farms, which were born between 1974 and 2003, were used. Heritability coefficients for weight were high at the three ages. The herds presented a positive genetic gain in the three analyzed traits, although lower than expected, what was likely to be caused by empirical phenotype-based selection used by the local breeders. In order to improve genetic gains, it is necessary to decrease the generation interval, to increase the effective size, to use reproducers whose genetic values have been previously evaluated by BLUP, and to avoid mating between related animals. Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia Departamento de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Produção e Exploração Animal Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Meio-Norte Unidade de Execução de Pesquisas de Parnaíba Universidade para o Desenvolvimento do Estado e da Região do Pantanal Campus I Miguel Couto Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) Campus de Palotina Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia Departamento de Produção e Exploração Animal