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288 results on '"Iwai, Yoshiko"'

56. Selective delivery of [beta] cell antigen to dendritic cells in vivo leads to deletion and tolerance of autoreactive [CD8.sup.+] T cells in NOD mice

Author

Mukhopadhaya, Arunika, Hanafusa, Tadashi, Jarchum, Irene, Chen, Yi-Guang, Iwai, Yoshiko, Serreze, David V., Steinman, Ralph M., Tarbell, Kristin V., and DiLorenzo, Teresa P.

Subjects
CD8 lymphocytes -- Properties, Type 1 diabetes -- Research, Pancreatic beta cells -- Properties, Antigens -- Properties, Antigens -- Influence, Dendritic cells -- Properties, Science and technology
Abstract

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease resulting from defects in central and peripheral tolerance and characterized by T cell-mediated destruction of islet [beta] cells. Cytotoxic [CD8.sup.+] T cells, reactive to [beta] cell antigens, are required for T1D development in the NOD mouse model of the disease, and [CD8.sup.+] T cells specific for [beta] cell antigens can be detected in the peripheral blood of T1D patients. It has been evident that in nonautoimmune-prone mice, dendritic cells (DCs) present model antigens in a tolerogenic manner in the steady state, e.g., in the absence of infection, and cause T cells to proliferate initially but then to be deleted or rendered unresponsive. However, this fundamental concept has not been evaluated in the setting of a spontaneous autoimmune disease. To do so, we delivered a mimotope peptide, recognized by the diabetogenic [CD8.sup.+] T cell clone AI4, to DCs in NOD mice via the endocytic receptor DEC-205. Proliferation of transferred antigen-specific T cells was initially observed, but this was followed by deletion. Tolerance was achieved because rechallenge of mice with the mimotope peptide in adjuvant did not induce an immune response. Thus, targeting of DCs with [beta] cell antigens leads to deletion of autoreactive [CD8.sup.+] T cells even in the context of ongoing autoimmunity in NOD mice with known tolerance defects. Our results provide support for the development of DC targeting of self antigens for treatment of chronic T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. autoimmune disease | type 1 diabetes

Published
2008

67. General Surgery Versus Integrated Surgical Sub-specialties: Predictors for Residency Match and Interview Invites Among Surgical Candidates

Author

Iwai, Yoshiko, Landrum, Kelsey R., Diehl, J. Nathaniel, Khoury, Audrey L., Mihalic, Angela P., Pascarella, Luigi, Damitz, Lynn A., Stitzenberg, Karyn B., Agala, Chris B., and Long, Jason M.

Abstract

•Applicants in general surgery and integrated surgical residencies (vascular, plastic surgery, cardiothoracic surgery) were more likely to receive ≥16 residency interviews with higher board scores, honors in their specialty, and more publications.•Similarly, applicants were more likely to match with higher board scores, ≥16 interviews, geographic preferencing, and program signaling.•These findings can be used by applicants, advisors, and mentors to maximize chances of a successful residency application outcome.

Published
2025
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79. Cancer immunotherapies targeting the PD-1 signaling pathway

Author

80378736, 50447041, 80090504, Iwai, Yoshiko, Hamanishi, Junzo, Chamoto, Kenji, Honjo, Tasuku, 80378736, 50447041, 80090504, Iwai, Yoshiko, Hamanishi, Junzo, Chamoto, Kenji, and Honjo, Tasuku

Abstract

Immunotherapy has recently emerged as the fourth pillar of cancer treatment, joining surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. While early immunotherapies focused on accelerating T-cell activity, current immune-checkpoint inhibitors take the brakes off the anti-tumor immune responses. Successful clinical trials with PD-1 monoclonal antibodies and other immune-checkpoint inhibitors have opened new avenues in cancer immunology. However, the failure of a large subset of cancer patients to respond to these new immunotherapies has led to intensified research on combination therapies and predictive biomarkers. Here we summarize the development of PD-1-blockade immunotherapy and current issues in its clinical use.

Published
2017

87. A rheostat for immune responses: the unique properties of PD-1 and their advantages for clinical application.

Author

80090504, Okazaki, Taku, Chikuma, Shunsuke, Iwai, Yoshiko, Fagarasan, Sidonia, Honjo, Tasuku, 80090504, Okazaki, Taku, Chikuma, Shunsuke, Iwai, Yoshiko, Fagarasan, Sidonia, and Honjo, Tasuku

Abstract

PD-1, a negative coreceptor expressed on antigen-stimulated T cells and B cells, seems to serve as a 'rheostat' of the immune response. The molecular mechanisms of the functions of PD-1, in conjunction with the mild, chronic and strain-specific autoimmune phenotypes of PD-1-deficient mice, in contrast to the devastating fatal autoimmune disease of mice deficient in the immunomodulatory receptor CTLA-4, suggest that immunoregulation by PD-1 is rather antigen specific and is mainly cell intrinsic. Such unique properties make PD-1 a powerful target for immunological therapy, with highly effective clinical applications for cancer treatment.

Published
2013

99. Editorial Comments of the 18th Term

Author

Hirano, Hiroshi, primary, Shibata, Syou, additional, Iwai, Yoshiko, additional, Hida, Nobuo, additional, Iwatsuki, Kunio, additional, Ezawa, Hiroshi, additional, Kobayashi, Toshio, additional, Sugano, Shigeru, additional, Tanaka, Hiroki, additional, and Yoshida, Tamito, additional

Published
2003
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