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3,420 results on '"Intermediate state"'

51. The Crystal Structure of Nα-p-tosyl-lysyl Chloromethylketone-Bound Oligopeptidase B from Serratia Proteamaculans Revealed a New Type of Inhibitor Binding

Author: Vladimir I. Timofeev, Dmitry E. Petrenko, Yulia K. Agapova, Anna V. Vlaskina, David M. Karlinsky, Anna G. Mikhailova, Inna P. Kuranova, and Tatiana V. Rakitina
Subjects: prolyloligopeptidase, oligopeptidase B, crystal structure, intermediate state, serine protease, chloromethylketone inhibitors, Crystallography, QD901-999
Abstract: A covalent serine protease inhibitor—Na-p-Tosyl-Lysyl Chloromethylketone (TCK) is a modified lysine residue tosylated at the N-terminus and chloromethylated at the C-terminus, one molecule of which is capable of forming two covalent bonds with both Ser and His catalytic residues, was co-crystallized with modified oligopeptidase B (OpB) from Serratia proteomaculans (PSPmod). The kinetics study, which preceded crystallization, shows that the stoichiometry of TCK-dependent inhibition of PSPmod was 1:2 (protein:inhibitor). The crystal structure of the PSPmod-TCK complex, solved at a resolution of 2.3 Å, confirmed a new type of inhibitor binding. Two TCK molecules were bound to one enzyme molecule: one with the catalytic Ser, the other with the catalytic His. Due to this mode of binding, the intermediate state of PSPmod and the disturbed conformation of the catalytic triad were preserved in the PSPmod-TCK complex. Nevertheless, the analysis of the amino acid surroundings of the inhibitor molecule bound to the catalytic Ser and its comparison with that of antipain-bound OpB from Trypanosoma brucei provided an insight in the structure of the PSPmod substrate-binding pocket. Supposedly, the new type of binding is typical for the interaction of chloromethylketone derivatives with two-domain OpBs. In the open conformational state that these enzymes are assumed in solution, the disordered configuration of the catalytic triad prevents simultaneous interaction of one inhibitor molecule with two catalytic residues.
Published: 2021
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52. First Crystal Structure of Bacterial Oligopeptidase B in an Intermediate State: The Roles of the Hinge Region Modification and Spermine

Author: Dmitry E. Petrenko, Vladimir I. Timofeev, Vladimir V. Britikov, Elena V. Britikova, Sergey Y. Kleymenov, Anna V. Vlaskina, Inna P. Kuranova, Anna G. Mikhailova, and Tatiana V. Rakitina
Subjects: prolyloligopeptidase, oligopeptidase B, Serratia proteomaculans, crystal structure, intermediate state, hinge region, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Oligopeptidase B (OpB) is a two-domain, trypsin-like serine peptidase belonging to the S9 prolyloligopeptidase (POP) family. Two domains are linked by a hinge region that participates in the transition of the enzyme between two major states—closed and open—in which domains and residues of the catalytic triad are located close to each other and separated, respectively. In this study, we described, for the first time, a structure of OpB from bacteria obtained for an enzyme from Serratia proteomaculans with a modified hinge region (PSPmod). PSPmod was crystallized in a conformation characterized by a disruption of the catalytic triad together with a domain arrangement intermediate between open and closed states found in crystals of ligand-free and inhibitor-bound POP, respectively. Two additional derivatives of PSPmod were crystallized in the same conformation. Neither wild-type PSP nor its corresponding mutated variants were susceptible to crystallization, indicating that the hinge region modification was key in the crystallization process. The second key factor was suggested to be polyamine spermine since all crystals were grown in its presence. The influences of the hinge region modification and spermine on the conformational state of PSP in solution were evaluated by small-angle X-ray scattering. SAXS showed that, in solution, wild-type PSP adopted the open state, spermine caused the conformational transition to the intermediate state, and spermine-free PSPmod contained molecules in the open and intermediate conformations in dynamic equilibrium.
Published: 2021
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53. The Transition Between Slow-Wave Sleep and REM Sleep Constitutes an Independent Sleep Stage Organized by Cholinergic Mechanisms in the Rostrodorsal Pontine Tegmentum

Author: Carlos Carrera-Cañas, Miguel Garzón, and Isabel de Andrés
Subjects: intermediate state, transition state, perilocus coeruleus α, REM sleep, slow-wave sleep, carbachol, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract: There is little information on either the transition state occurring between slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, as well as about its neurobiological bases. This transition state, which is known as the intermediate state (IS), is well-defined in rats but poorly characterized in cats. Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that cholinergic stimulation of the perilocus coeruleus α nucleus (PLCα) in the pontine tegmentum of cats induced two states: wakefulness with muscle atonia and a state of dissociated sleep we have called the SPGO state. The SPGO state has characteristics in common with the IS, such including the presence of ponto-geniculo-occipital waves (PGO) and EEG synchronization with δ wave reduction. Therefore, the aims of the present study were (1) to characterize the IS in the cat and, (2), to study the analogy between the SPGO and the different sleep stages showing PGO activity, including the IS. Polygraphic recordings of 10 cats were used. In seven cats carbachol microinjections (20–30 nL, 0.01–0.1 M) were delivered in the PLCα. In the different states, PGO waves were analyzed and power spectra obtained for the δ, θ, α, and β bands of the EEG from the frontal and occipital cortices, and for the θ hippocampal band. Statistical comparisons were made between the values obtained from the different states. The results indicate that the IS constitutes a state with characteristics that are distinct from both the preceding SWS and the following REM sleep, and that SPGO presents a high analogy with the IS. Therefore, the SPGO state induced by administering carbachol in the PLCα nucleus seems to be an expression of the physiological IS of the cat. Consequently, we propose that the PLCα region, besides being involved in the mechanisms of muscle atonia, may also be responsible for organizing the transition from SWS to REM sleep.
Published: 2019
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54. Search for direct production of winos and higgsinos in events with two same-charge leptons or three leptons in $pp$ collision data at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector

Author: Aad, Georges, Abbott, Braden Keim, Abbott, Dale, Abeling, Kira, Abidi, Haider, Aboulhorma, Asmaa, Abramowicz, Halina, Abreu, Henso, Abulaiti, Yiming, Abusleme, Angel, Acharya, Bobby Samir, Adam Bourdarios, Claire, Adamczyk, Leszek, Adamek, Lukas, Addepalli, Sagar, Adelman, Jahred, Adiguzel, Aytul, Adorni Braccesi Chiassi, Sofia, Adye, Tim, Affolder, Tony, Afik, Yoav, Agaras, Merve Nazlim, Agarwala, Jinky, Aggarwal, Anamika, Agheorghiesei, Catalin, Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio, Ahmad, Ammara, Ahmadov, Faig, Ahmed, Waleed Syed, Ahuja, Sudha, Ai, Xiaocong, Aielli, Giulio, Ait Tamlihat, Malak, Aitbenchikh, Brahim, Aizenberg, Iakov, Akbiyik, Melike, Akesson, Torsten, Akimov, Andrei, Al Khoury, Konie, Alberghi, Gian Luigi, Albert, Justin, Albicocco, Pietro, Alderweireldt, Sara, Aleksa, Martin, Alexandrov, Igor, Alexa, Calin, Alexopoulos, Theodoros, Alfonsi, Alice, Alfonsi, Fabrizio, Alhroob, Muhammad, Ali, Babar, Ali, Shahzad, Aliev, Malik, Alimonti, Gianluca, Alkakhi, Wael, Allaire, Corentin, Allbrooke, Benedict, Allendes Flores, Cristian Andres, Allport, Philip Patrick, Aloisio, Alberto, Alonso, Francisco, Alpigiani, Cristiano, Alvarez Estevez, Manuel, Alvarez Fernandez, Adrian, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Aly, Mohamed, Do Amaral Coutinho, Yara, Ambler, Alessandro, Amelung, Christoph, Amerl, Maximilian, Ames, Christoph, Amidei, Dante, Amor dos Santos, Susana Patricia, Amos, Kieran Robert, Ananiev, Viktor, Anastopoulos, Christos, Andeen, Timothy Robert, Anders, John Kenneth, Andrean, Stefio Yosse, Andreazza, Attilio, Angelidakis, Stylianos, Angerami, Aaron, Anisenkov, Alexey, Annovi, Alberto, Antel, Claire, Anthony, Matthew Thomas, Antipov, Egor, Antonelli, Mario, Antrim, Daniel Joseph, Anulli, Fabio, Aoki, Masato, Aoki, Takumi, Aparisi Pozo, Javier Alberto, Aparo, Marco, Aperio Bella, Ludovica, Appelt, Christian, Aranzabal Barrio, Nordin, Araujo Ferraz, Victor, Arcangeletti, Chiara, Arce, Ayana Tamu, Arena, Eloisa, Arguin, Jean-Francois, Argyropoulos, Spyros, Arling, Jan-Hendrik, Armbruster, Aaron James, Arnaez, Olivier, Arnold, Hannah, Arrubarrena Tame, Zulit Paola, Artoni, Giacomo, Asada, Haruka, Asai, Kanae, Asai, Shoji, Asbah, Nedaa Alexandra, Assahsah, Jihad, Assamagan, Ketevi Adikle, Astalos, Robert, Atkin, Ryan Justin, Atkinson, Markus Julian, Atlay, Naim Bora, Atmani, Hicham, Atmasiddha, Prachi, Augsten, Kamil, Auricchio, Silvia, Auriol, Adrien, Austrup, Volker Andreas, Avner, Gal, Avolio, Giuseppe, Axiotis, Konstantinos, Azuelos, Georges, Babal, Dominik, Bachacou, Henri, Bachas, Konstantinos, Bachiu, Alexander, Backman, Karl Filip, Badea, Anthony, Bagnaia, Paolo, Bahmani, Marzieh, Bailey, Adam, Bailey, Virginia, Baines, John, Bakalis, Christos, Baker, Keith, Bakker, Pepijn Johannes, Bakos, Evelin, Bakshi Gupta, Debottam, Balaji, Shyam, Balasubramanian, Rahul, Baldin, Evgenii, Balek, Petr, Ballabene, Eric, Balli, Fabrice, Baltes, Lisa Marie, Balunas, William Keaton, Balz, Johannes, Banas, Elzbieta, Bandieramonte, Marilena, Bandyopadhyay, Anjishnu, Bansal, Shubham, Barak, Liron, Barberio, Elisabetta, Barberis, Dario, Barbero, Marlon Benoit, Barbour, Gregory, Barends, Kevin Nicholas, Barillari, Teresa, Barisits, Martin, Barklow, Tim, Barnett, Michael, Baron, Petr, Baron, Diego, Baroncelli, Toni, Barone, Gaetano, Barr, Alan, Barranco Navarro, Laura, Barreiro Alonso, Fernando, Barreiro Guimaraes da Costa, Joao, Barron, Uriel, Barros, Maura, Barsov, Sergey, Bartels, Falk, Bartoldus, Rainer, Barton, Adam Edward, Bartos, Pavol, Basalaev, Artem, Basan, Alexander, Baselga Bacardit, Marta, Bashta, Inna, Bassalat, Ahmed, Basso, Matthew Joseph, Basson, Candice Ruth, Bates, Richard, Batlamous, Souad, Batley, Richard, Batool, Binish, Battaglia, Marco, Battulga, Daariimaa, Bauce, Matteo, Bauer, Patrick, Beacham, James, Beau, Tristan, Beauchemin, Pierre-Hugues, Becherer, Fabian, Bechtle, Philip, Beck, Hans Peter, Becker, Kathrin, Beddall, Andrew, Bednyakov, Vadim, Bee, Chris, Beemster, Lars, Beermann, Thomas, Begalli, Marcia, Begel, Michael, Behera, Arabinda, Behr, Janna Katharina, Beirao da Cruz E Silva, Cristovao, Beirer, Joshua Falco, Beisiegel, Florian, Belfkir, Mohamed, Bella, Gideon, Bellagamba, Lorenzo, Bellerive, Alain, Bellos, Panagiotis, Beloborodov, Konstantin, Belotskiy, Konstantin, Belyaev, Nikita, Benchekroun, Driss, Bendebba, Fatima, Benhammou, Yan, Benjamin, Doug, Benoit, Mathieu, Bensinger, Jim, Bentvelsen, Stan, Beresford, Lydia Audrey, Beretta, Matteo Mario, Bergeaas Kuutmann, Elin, Berger, Nicolas, Bergmann, Benedikt Ludwig, Beringer, Juerg, Berlendis, Simon, Bernardi, Gregorio, Bernius, Catrin, Bernlochner, Florian Urs, Berry, Tracey, Berta, Peter, Berthold, Anne-Sophie, Bertram, Iain, Bethke, Siegfried, Betti, Alessandra, Bevan, Adrian, Bhamjee, Muaaz, Bhatta, Somadutta, Bhattacharya, Deb Sankar, Bhattarai, Prajita, Bhopatkar, Vallary Shashikant, Bi, Ran, Bianchi, Riccardo Maria, Biebel, Otmar, Bielski, Rafal, Biglietti, Michela, Billoud, Thomas, Bindi, Marcello, Bingul, Ahmet, Bini, Cesare, Biondini, Alessandro, Birch-Sykes, Callum Jacob, Bird, Gareth Adam, Birman, Mattias, Biros, Marek, Bisanz, Tobias, Bisceglie, Emanuele, Biswas, Diptaparna, Bitadze, Alexander, Bjoerke, Kristian, Bloch, Ingo, Blocker, Craig, Blue, Andrew James, Blumenschein, Ulla, Blumenthal, Julian, Bobbink, Gerjan, Bobrovnikov, Viktor, Boehler, Michael, Bogavac, Danijela, Bogdanchikov, Alexander, Bohm, Christian, Boisvert, Veronique, Bokan, Petar, Bold, Tomasz, Bomben, Marco, Bona, Marcella, Boonekamp, Maarten, Booth, Callum Dale, Borbely, Albert Gyorgy, Borecka-Bielska, Hanna Maria, Borgna, Lucas Santiago, Borissov, Guennadi, Bortoletto, Daniela, Boscherini, Davide, Fernandez-Bosman, Martine, Bossio, Jonathan, Bouaouda, Khalil, Bouchhar, Naseem, Boudreau, Joseph, Bouhova-Thacker, Eva, Boumediene, Djamel Eddine, Bouquet, Romain, Boveia, Antonio, Boyd, Jamie, Boye, Diallo, Boyko, Igor, Bracinik, Juraj, Brahimi, Nihal, Brandt, Gerhard Immanuel, Brandt, Oleg, Braren, Frued Erik, Brau, Benjamin Paul, Brau, Jim, Brendlinger, Kurt, Schimmel Brener, Roy, Brenner, Lydia, Brenner, Richard, Bressler, Shikma, Britton, David, Britzger, Daniel Andreas, Brock, Ian, Brooijmans, Gustaaf, Brooks, William King, Brost, Elizabeth, Brown, Leesa Marea, Bruckler, Tim Lukas, Bruckman de Renstrom, Pawel, Bruers, Ben, Bruncko, Dusan, Bruni, Alessia, Bruni, Graziano, Bruschi, Marco, Bruscino, Nello, Buanes, Trygve, Buat, Quentin, Buchholz, Peter, Buckley, Andy, Budagov, Ioulian, Bugge, Magnar Kopangen, Bulekov, Oleg, Bullard, Brendon, Burdin, Sergey, Burgard, Carsten, Burger, Angela Maria, Burghgrave, Blake Oliver, Burr, Jon, Burton, Charles, Burzynski, Jackson Carl, Busch, Elena Laura, Buescher, Volker, Bussey, Peter John, Butler, John Mark, Buttar, Craig Macleod, Butterworth, Jonathan, Buttinger, Will, Buxo Vazquez, Carlos Josue, Buzykaev, Alexey, Cabras, Grazia, Cabrera Urban, Susana, Caforio, Davide, Cai, Huacheng, Cai, Yuchen, Cairo, Valentina, Cakir, Orhan, Calace, Noemi, Calafiura, Paolo, Calderini, Giovanni, Calfayan, Philippe, Callea, Giuseppe, Caloba, Luiz, Calvet, David, Calvet, Samuel, Calvet, Thomas Philippe, Calvetti, Milene, Camacho Toro, Reina Coromoto, Camarda, Stefano, Camarero Munoz, Daniel, Camarri, Paolo, Camerlingo, Maria Teresa, Cameron, David, Camincher, Clement, Campanelli, Mario, Camplani, Alessandra, Canale, Vincenzo, Canesse, Auriane, Bret Cano, Marc, Cantero Garcia, Josu, Cao, Yumeng, Capocasa, Francesca, Capua, Marcella, Carbone, Antonio, Cardarelli, Roberto, Cardenas, Juan Carlos, Cardillo, Fabio, Carli, Tancredi, Carlino, Giampaolo, Carlotto, Juan Ignacio, Carlson, Ben, Carlson, Evan Michael, Carminati, Leonardo, Carnesale, Maria, Caron, Sascha, Carquin Lopez, Edson, Carra, Sonia, Carratta, Giuseppe, Carrio Argos, Fernando, Carter, Joseph, Carter, Thomas Michael, Casado Lechuga, Pilar, Casha, Albert Francis, Castiglia, Emma Grace, Castillo, Florencia Luciana, Castillo Garcia, Lucia, Castillo Gimenez, Victoria, Castro, Nuno, Catinaccio, Andrea, Catmore, James, Cavaliere, Viviana, Cavalli, Noemi, Cavasinni, Vincenzo, Celebi, Emre, Celli, Federico, Centonze, Martino Salomone, Cerny, Karel, Santiago Cerqueira, Augusto, Cerri, Alex, Cerrito, Lucio, Cerutti, Fabio, Cervelli, Alberto, Cetin, Serkant, Chadi, Zakaria, Chakraborty, Dhiman, Chala, Mikael, Chan, Jay, Chan, Wai Yuen, Chapman, John Derek, Chargeishvili, Bakar, Charlton, Dave, Charman, Thomas Paul, Chatterjee, Meghranjana, Chekanov, Sergei, Chekulaev, Sergey, Shelkov, G, Chen, Andy, Chen, Boping, Chen, Charlie, Chen, Huirun, Chen, Hucheng, Chen, Jing, Chen, Jiayi, Chen, Shion, Chen, Shenjian, Chen, Xiang, Chen, Xin, Chen, Ye, Cheng, Alkaid, Cheng, Hok Chuen Tom, Cheong, Sanha, Cheplakov, Alexander, Cheremushkina, Evgeniya, Cherepanova, Elizaveta, Cherkaoui El Moursli, Rajaa, Cheu, Elliott, Cheung, Kingman, Chevalier, Laurent, Chiarella, Vitaliano, Chiarelli, Giorgio, Chiedde, Nemer, Chiodini, Gabriele, Chisholm, Andrew Stephen, Chitan, Adrian, Chitishvili, Mariam, Chiu, Justin, Chizhov, Mihail, Choi, Kyungeon, Chomont, Arthur, Chou, Yuan-Tang, Chow, Edwin, Chowdhury, Tasnuva, Christopher, Lawrence Davou, Chu, Michael Kwok Lam, Chu, Ming Chung, Chu, Xiaotong, Chudoba, Jiri, Chwastowski, Janusz, Cieri, Davide, Ciesla, Krzysztof, Cindro, Vladimir, Ciocio, Alessandra, Cirotto, Francesco, Citron, Zvi, Citterio, Mauro, Ciubotaru, Dan Andrei, Ciungu, Bianca Monica, Clark, Allan, Clark, Philip, Clavijo Columbie, Jose Manuel, Clawson, Savannah, Clement, Christophe, Clercx, Joshua, Clissa, Luca, Coadou, Yann, Cobal, Marina, Coccaro, Andrea, Barrue, Ricardo, Coelho Lopes de Sa, Rafael, Coelli, Simone, Cohen, Hadar, Coimbra, Artur, Cole, Brian, Collot, Johann, Conde Muino, Patricia, Connell, Matt, Connell, Simon, Connelly, Ian Allan, Conroy, Eimear Isobel, Conventi, Francesco, Cooke, Harry, Sarkar, Amanda, Cormier, Felix, Corpe, Louie Dartmoor, Corradi, Massimo, Corrigan, Eric Edward, Corriveau, Francois, Cortes Gonzalez, Arely, Costa Mezquita, Maria Jose, Costanza, Francesco, Costanzo, Davide, Cote, Benjamin, Cowan, Glen, Cowley, James William, Cranmer, Kyle Stuart, Crepe-Renaudin, Sabine, Crescioli, Francesco, Cristinziani, Markus, Cristoforetti, Marco, Croft, Vincent Alexander, Crosetti, Nanni, Cueto Gomez, Ana Rosario, Cuhadar Donszelmann, Tulay, Cui, Han, Cui, Zhaoyuan, Cunningham, Liam, Curcio, Francesco, Czodrowski, Patrick Karl, Czurylo, Marta, Sousa, Mario Jose, da Fonseca Pinto, Joao Victor, da Via, Cinzia, Dabrowski, Wladyslaw, Dado, Tomas, Dahbi, Salah-Eddine, Dai, Tiesheng, Dallapiccola, Carlo, Dam, Mogens, d'Amen, Gabriele, d'Amico, Valerio, Damp, Johannes Frederic, Dandoy, Jeff, Daneri, Maria Florencia, Danninger, Matthias, Dao, Valerio, Darbo, Nanni, Darmora, Smita, Das, Sruthy Jyothi, d'Auria, Saverio, David, Claire, Davidek, Tomas, Davis, Douglas Raymond, Davis-Purcell, Benjamin Richard, Dawson, Ian, De, Kaushik, de Asmundis, Riccardo, de Beurs, Marcus, de Biase, Nicola, de Castro, Stefano, de Groot, Nicolo, de Jong, Paul, de la Torre Perez, Hector, de Maria, Antonio, de Salvo, Alessandro, de Sanctis, Umberto, de Santo, Antonella, de Vivie de Regie, Jean-Baptiste, Dedovich, Dmitri, Degens, Jordy, Deiana, Allison Mccarn, del Corso, Francesca, del Peso, Jose, del Rio, Fer, Deliot, Frederic, Delitzsch, Chris Malena, Della Pietra, Massimo, Della Volpe, Domenico, Dell'Acqua, Andrea, Dell'Asta, Lidia, Delmastro, Marco, Delsart, Pierre Antoine, Demers Konezny, Sarah Marie, Demichev, Mikhail, Denisov, Serguei, d'Eramo, Louis, Derendarz, Dominik Karol, Derue, Frederic, Dervan, Paul, Desch, Klaus, Dette, Karola, Deutsch, Christopher, Di Bello, Francesco Armando, Di Ciaccio, Anna, Di Ciaccio, Lucia, Di Domenico, Antonio, Di Donato, Camilla, Di Girolamo, Alessandro, Di Gregorio, Giulia, Di Luca, Andrea, Di Micco, Biagio, Di Nardo, Roberto, Diaconu, Cristinel, de Almeida Dias, Flavia, Vale, Tiago, Diaz Gutierrez, Marco Aurelio, Diaz Capriles, Federico Guillermo, Didenko, Mariia, Diehl, Edward, Diehl, Leena, Diez Cornell, Sergio, Diez Pardos, Carmen, Dimitriadi, Christina, Dimitrievska, Aleksandra, Dingfelder, Jochen Christian, Dinu, Ioan-Mihail, Dittmeier, Sebastian, Dittus, Fido, Djama, Fares, Djobava, Tamar, Djuvsland, Julia Isabell, Doglioni, Caterina, Dolejsi, Jiri, Dolezal, Zdenek, Donadelli, Marisilvia, Dong, Binbin, Donini, Julien Noce, d'Onofrio, Adelina, d'Onofrio, Monica, Dopke, Jens, Doria, Alessandra, Dova, Maria Teresa, Doyle, Tony, Draguet, Maxence, Drechsler, Eric, Dreyer, Etienne, Drivas-Koulouris, Ioannis, Drobac, Alec Swenson, Drozdova, Mariia, Du, Dongshuo, Du Pree, Tristan Arnoldus, Dubinin, Filipp, Dubovsky, Michal, Duchovni, Ehud, Duckeck, Guenter, Ducu, Otilia Anamaria, Duda, Dominik, Dudarev, Alexey, Duden, Emily Rose, d'Uffizi, Matteo, Duflot, Laurent, Duehrssen-Debling, Michael, Dulsen, Carsten, Dumitriu, Ana Elena, Dunford, Monica, Dungs, Sascha, Dunne, Katherine Elaine, Duperrin, Arnaud, Yildiz, Hatice, Dueren, Michael Johannes, Durglishvili, Archil, Dwyer, Brianna, Dyckes, Ian, Dyndal, Mateusz, Dysch, Samuel Dezso, Dziedzic, Bartosz Sebastian, Earnshaw, Zoe Olivia, Eckerova, Barbora, Eggebrecht, Stephen, Eggleston, Michael Glenn, Purcino de Souza, Edmar Egidio, Ehrke, Lukas, Eigen, Gerald, Einsweiler, Kevin Frank, Ekelof, Tord Johan Carl, Ekman, Per Alexander, El Ghazali, Yassine, El Jarrari, Hassnae, El Moussaouy, Ali, Ellajosyula, Venugopal, Ellert, Mattias, Ellinghaus, Frank, Elliot, Alison, Ellis, Nick, Elmsheuser, Johannes, Elsing, Markus, Emeliyanov, Dmitry, Emerman, Alex, Enari, Yuji, Ene, Irina, Epari, Shalini, Erdmann, Johannes, Erland, Paula Agnieszka, Errenst, Martin, Escalier, Marc, Escobar Ibanez, Carlos, Etzion, Erez, Gaspar de Andrade Evans, Guiomar, Evans, Hal, Evans, Meirin Oan, Ezhilov, Aleksei, Ezzarqtouni, Sanae, Fabbri, Federica, Fabbri, Laura, Facini, Gabriel, Fadeyev, Vitaliy, Fakhrutdinov, Rinat, Falciano, Speranza, Falda Coelho, Luis, Falke, Peter Johannes, Falke, Saskia, Faltova, Jana, Fan, Yunyun, Fang, Yaquan, Fanourakis, Georgios, Fanti, Marcello, Faraj, Mohammed, Farazpay, Zahra, Farbin, Amir, Farilla, Ada, Farooque, Trisha, Farrington, Sinead, Fassi, Farida, Fassouliotis, Dimitris, Faucci Giannelli, Michele, Fawcett, William James, Fayard, Louis, Federicova, Pavla, Fedin, Oleg, Fedotov, Gleb, Feickert, Matthew, Feligioni, Lorenzo, Fell, Alix, Fellers, Deion Elgin, Feng, Cunfeng, Feng, Minyu, Feng, Zhuoran, Fenton, Michael James, Fenyuk, Alexandre, Ferencz, Lars, Ferguson, Ruby Alice Molly, Fernandez Luengo, Sergio Ivan, Ferrando, James, Ferrari, Arnaud, Ferrari, Pamela, Ferrari, Roberto, Ferrere, Didier, Ferretti, Claudio, Fiedler, Frank, Filipcic, Andrej, Filmer, Emily, Filthaut, Frank, Castro Nunes Fiolhais, Miguel, Fiorini, Luca, Leitgeb, Florian Christoph, Fisher, Wade Cameron, Fitschen, Tobias, Fleck, Ivor, Fleischmann, Philipp, Flick, Tobias, Flores, Lucas Macrorie, Flores, Marvin, Flores Castillo, Luis Roberto, Follega, Francesco Maria, Fomin, Nikolai, Foo, Joel Hengwei, Forland, Blake Christopher, Formica, Andrea, Forti, Alessandra, Fortin, Etienne Marie, Fortman, Anne Winifred, Foti, Maria Giovanna, Fountas, Leonidas, Fournier, Daniel, Fox, Harald, Francavilla, Paolo, Francescato, Simone, Franchellucci, Stefano, Franchini, Matteo, Franchino, Silvia, Francis, David, Franco, Luca, Franconi, Laura, Franklin, Melissa, Frattari, Guglielmo, Freegard, Arran Charles, Freeman, Patrick Moriishi, Spolidoro Freund, Werner, Fritzsche, Nick, Froch, Alexander, Froidevaux, Daniel, Frost, James, Fu, Yao, Fujimoto, Minori, Fullana Torregrosa, Esteban, Fuster Verdu, Juan, Gabrielli, Alessandro, Gabrielli, Andrea, Gadow, Philipp, Gagliardi, Guido, Gagnon, Louis-Guillaume, Gallardo, Gabriel, Gallas, Elizabeth, Gallop, Bruce Joseph, Gamboa Goni, Rodrigo, Gan, Kock Kiam, Ganguly, Sanmay, Gao, Jun, Gao, Yanyan, Garay Walls, Francisca, Garcia, Berenice, Garcia, Carmen, Garcia Navarro, Jose Enrique, Garcia-Sciveres, Maurice, Gardner, Robert William, Garg, Diksha, Garg, Rocky Bala, Garner, Christopher Andrew, Garonne, Vincent, Gasiorowski, Sean Joseph, Do Nascimento Gaspar, Philipp, Gaudio, Gabriella, Gautam, Viveka, Gauzzi, Paolo, Gavrilenko, Igor, Gavriliuk, Alexander, Gay, Colin Warren, Gaycken, Goetz, Gazis, Evangelos, Geanta, Andrei Alexandru, Gee, Carolyn, Geisen, Jannik, Gemme, Claudia, Genest, Marie-Helene, Gentile, Simonetta, George, Simon, George, William Frederick, Geralis, Theodoros, Gerlach, Lino Oscar, Gessinger-Befurt, Paul, Geyik, Marvin Emin, Ghasemi Bostanabad, Meisam, Ghneimat, Mazuza, Ghorbanian, Keanu, Ghosal, Arpan, Ghosh, Aishik, Ghosh, Anindya, Giacobbe, Benedetto, Giagu, Stefano, Giannetti, Paola, Giannini, Antonio, Gibson, Stephen, Gignac, Matthew, Gil, Damian Tomasz, Gilbert, Alexander Kevin, Gilbert, Benjamin Jacob, Gillberg, Dag, Gilles, Geoffrey, Gillwald, Nils, Ginabat, Louis, Gingrich, Doug, Giordani, Mapo, Giraud, Pierre-Francois, Giugliarelli, Gilberto, Giugni, Danilo, Giuli, Francesco, Gkialas, Ioannis, Gladilin, Leonid, 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Val, Ospanov, Rustem, Otero y Garzon, Gustavo, Otono, Hidetoshi, Ott, Philipp Sebastian, Ottino, Gregory James, Ouchrif, Mohamed, Ouellette, Jeff, Ould-Saada, Farid, Owen, Mark Andrew, Owen, Rhys, Oyulmaz, Kaan Yuksel, Ozcan, Erkcan, Ozturk, Nurcan, Ozturk, Sertac, Pacalt, Josef, Pacey, Holly, Pachal, Katherine, Pacheco Pages, Andreu, Padilla Aranda, Cristobal, Padovano, Giovanni, Pagan Griso, Simone, Palacino, Gabriel, Palazzo, Alessandra, Palestini, Sandro, Pan, Jingjing, Pan, Tong, Panchal, Dev, Pandini, Carlo Enrico, Panduro Vazquez, William, Pang, Hao, Pani, Priscilla, Panizzo, Giancarlo, Paolozzi, Lorenzo, Papadatos, Constantine, Parajuli, Santosh, Paramonov, Alexander, Paraskevopoulos, Christos, Paredes Hernandez, Daniela Katherinne, Park, Tae Hyoun, Parker, Andy, Parodi, Fabrizio, Parrish, Elliot, Parrish, Victoria Alexis, Parsons, John, Parzefall, Ulrich, Pascual Dias, Bruna, Pascual Dominguez, Luis, Pascuzzi, Vincent, Pasquali, Federica, Pasqualucci, Enrico, Passaggio, Stefano, Pastore, Francesca, Pasuwan, Patrawan, Patel, Pragati, Pater, Jo, Pauly, Thilo, Pearkes, Jannicke Andree, Pedersen, Maiken, Costa Batalha Pedro, Rute, Peleganchuk, Sergey, Penc, Ondrej, Pender, Emily Alexandra, Peng, Chen, Peng, Haiping, Penski, Katrin Elisabeth, Penzin, Maksim, Sotto-Maior Peralva, Bernardo, Peixoto, Ana, Pereira Sanchez, Laura, Perepelitsa, Dennis, Perez Codina, Estel, Perganti, Maria, Perini, Laura, Pernegger, Heinz, Perrella, Sabrina, Perrevoort, Ann-Kathrin, Perrin, Oceane, Peters, Krisztian, Peters, Reinhild, Petersen, Brian, Petersen, Troels, Petit, Elisabeth, Petousis, Vlasios, Petridou, Chariclia, Petrukhin, Alexey, Pettee, Mariel, Pettersson, Nora Emilia, Petukhov, Aleksandr, Mihule, Kristina, Peyaud, Alan, Pezoa Rivera, Raquel, Pezzotti, Lorenzo, Pezzullo, Gianantonio, Pham, Minh Tuan, Pham, Joni, Phillips, Peter, Phipps, Michael William, Piacquadio, Giacinto, Pianori, Elisabetta, Piazza, Federica, Piegaia, Ricardo, Pietreanu, Dorel, Pilkington, Andrew, Pinamonti, Michele, Pinfold, James, Pereira, Beatriz, Pitman Donaldson, Charlie Bruno, Pizzi, Dylan, Pizzimento, Luca, Pizzini, Alessio, Pleier, Marc-Andre, Plesanovs, Vladislavs, Pleskot, Vojtech, Plotnikova, Elena, Poddar, Gitanjali, Pottgen, Ruth, Poggioli, Luc, Pogrebnyak, Ivan, Pohl, David-Leon, Pokharel, Ishan, Polacek, Stanislav, Polesello, Giacomo, Poley, Anne-Luise, Polifka, Richard, Polini, Alessandro, Pollard, Chris, Pollock, Zachary, Polychronakos, Venetios, Pompa Pacchi, Elena, Ponomarenko, Daniil, Pontecorvo, Ludovico, Popa, Stefan, Popeneciu, Gabriel, Portillo Quintero, Dilia Maria, Pospisil, Stanislav, Postolache, Petronel, Potamianos, Karolos, Potepa, Patrycja Anna, Potrap, Igor, Potter, Tina, Potti, Harish, Poulsen, Trine, Poveda Torres, Ximo, Pozo Astigarraga, Eukeni, Prades Ibanez, Alberto, Prapa, Maria Myrto, Pretel, Jose, Price, Darren, Primavera, Margherita, Principe Martin, Miguel Angel, Privara, Radek, Proffitt, Mason, Proklova, Nadezhda, Prokofiev, Kirill, Proto, Giorgia, Protopopescu, Serban, Proudfoot, James, Przybycien, Mariusz, Puddefoot, Joshua Eldon, Pudzha, Dennis, Puzo, Patrick Michel, Pyatiizbyantseva, Diana, Qian, Jianming, Dong, Qichen, Qin, Quake, Qiu, Tong, Quadt, Arnulf, Queitsch-Maitland, Michaela, Quetant, Guillaume, Rabanal Bolanos, Gabriel, Rafanoharana, Dimbiniaina, Ragusa, Francesco, Rainbolt, Lacey, Raine, Johnny, Rajagopalan, Srini, Ramakoti, Ekaterina, Ran, Kunlin, Rapheeha, Phuti, Raskina, Valentina, Rassloff, Damir Fabrice, Rave, Stefan, Ravina, Baptiste, Ravinovich, Ilia, Raymond, Michel, Read, Alexander Lincoln, Readioff, Nathan Peter, Rebuzzi, Daniela, Redelbach, Andreas Ralph, Redlinger, George, Reeves, Kendall, Reidelsturz, Joshua Aaron, Reikher, David, Rej, Amartya, Rembser, Christoph, Renardi, Alessia, Renda, Michele, Rendel, Marian Benedikt, Renner, Frederic, Rennie, Adam, Resconi, Silvia, Ressegotti, Martina, Resseguie, Elodie Deborah, Rettie, Sebastien, Reyes Rivera, Jose Gabriel, Reynolds, Bryan, Reynolds, Elliot, Rezaei Estabragh, Mohsen, Rezanova, Olga, Reznicek, Pavel, Ribaric, Neza, Ricci, Ester, Richter, Robert, Richter, Stefan, Richter-Was, Elzbieta, Ridel, Melissa, Ridouani, Selaiman, Rieck, Patrick, Riedler, Petra, Rijssenbeek, Michael, Rimoldi, Adele, Rimoldi, Marco, Rinaldi, Lorenzo, Rinn, Timothy Thomas, Rinnagel, Maximilian Paul, Ripellino, Giulia, Riu, Imma, Rivadeneira Bracho, Pablo Andres, Rivera Vergara, Juan Cristobal, Rizatdinova, Flera, Rizvi, Eram Syed, Rizzi, Chiara, Roberts, Bryn Arthur, Roberts, Ryan, Robertson, Steven, Robin, Matthieu, Robinson, Dave, Robles Gajardo, Carolina Michel, Robles Manzano, Marisol, Robson, Aidan, Rocchi, Alessandro, Roda, Chiara, Rodriguez Bosca, Sergi, Rodriguez Garcia, Yohany, Rodriguez Rodriguez, Arturo, Rodriguez Vera, Ana Maria, Roe, Shaun, Roemer, Jonas Till, Roepe-Gier, Amber, Roggel, Jens, Rohne, Ole, Rojas Caballero, Rimsky Alejandro, Roland, Benoit, Roland, Christophe Pol A, Roloff, Jennifer, Romaniouk, Anatoli, Romano, Emanuele, Romano, Marino, Romero, Anabel, Rompotis, Nikolaos, Roos, Lydia, Rosati, Stefano, Rosser, Benjamin John, Rossi, Eleonora, Rossi, Elvira, Rossi, Leonardo, Rossini, Lorenzo, Rosten, Rachel Christine, Rotaru, Marina, Rottler, Benjamin, Rougier, Charline, Rousseau, David, Rousso, David, Rovelli, Giulia, Roy, Avik, Roy-Garand, Sebastien, Rozanov, Alexandre, Rozen, Yoram, Ruan, Ruanxf, Rubio Jimenez, Adrian, Ruby, Adam James, Ruelas Rivera, Victor Hugo, Ruggeri, Tristan Andrew, Ruehr, Frederik, Ruiz Martinez, Arantxa, Rummler, Andre, Rurikova, Zuzana, Rusakovich, Nikolai, Russell, Heather, Rutherfoord, John P, Rybacki, Katherine Amy, Rybar, Martin, Rye, Eli Baverfjord, Ryzhov, Andrey, Sabater Iglesias, Jorge Andres, Sabatini, Paolo, Sabetta, Luigi, Sadrozinski, Hartmut, Safai Tehrani, Francesco, Safarzadeh Samani, Batool, Safdari, Murtaza, Saha, Shreya, Sahinsoy, Merve, Saimpert, Matthias, Saito, Masahiko, Saito, Tomoyuki, Salamani, Dalila, Salamanna, Giuseppe, Salnikov, Andy, Salt, Jose, Salvador Salas, Adrian, Salvatore, Daniela, Salvatore, Fabrizio, Salzburger, Andreas, Sammel, Dirk, Sampsonidis, Dimos, Sampsonidou, Despoina, Sanchez Martinez, Francisco Javier, Sanchez Pineda, Arturos, Sanchez Sebastian, Victoria, Sandaker, Heidi, Sander, Christian, Sandesara, Jay Ajitbhai, Sandhoff, Marisa, Sandoval Usme, Carlos, Sankey, David, Sano, Takane, Sansoni, Andrea, Santi, Lorenzo, Santoni, Claudio, Santos, Helena, Santpur, Sai Neha, Santra, Arka, Saoucha, Kamal, Mendes Saraiva, Joao Gentil, Sardain, Jad Mathieu, Sasaki, Osamu, Sato, Koji, Sauer, Christof, Sauerburger, Frank, Sauvan, Emmanuel, Savard, Pierre, Sawada, Ryu, Sawyer, Craig, Sawyer, Lee, Sayago Galvan, Ivan, Sbarra, Carla, Sbrizzi, Antonio, Scanlon, Timothy Paul, Schaarschmidt, Jana, Schacht, Peter, Schaefer, Douglas Michael, Schaefer, Uli, Schaffer, R.D, Schaile, Dorothee, Schamberger, Robert Dean, Schanet, Eric, Scharf, Christian, Schefer, Meinrad Moritz, Chtcheguelski, Valery, Scheirich, Daniel, Schenck, Ferdinand, Schernau, Michael, Scheulen, Chris, Schiavi, Carlo, Schillaci, Zachary Michael, Schioppa, Enrico, Schioppa, Marco, Schlag, Bastian, Schleicher, Katharina, Schlenker, Stefan, Schmeing, Jonas, Schmidt, Mustafa Andre, Schmieden, Kristof, Schmitt, Christian, Schmitt, Stefan, Schoeffel, Laurent Olivier, Schoening, Andre, Scholer, Patrick, Schopf, Elisabeth, Schott, Matthias, Schovancova, Jaroslava, Schramm, Steven, Schroeder, Frederic, Schultz-Coulon, Hans-Christian, Schumacher, Markus, Schumm, Bruce Andrew, Schune, Philippe, Schwartz, Hava Rhian, Schwartzman, Ariel Gustavo, Schwarz, Thomas Andrew, Schwemling, Philippe, Schwienhorst, Reinhard, Sciandra, Andrea, Sciolla, Gabriella, Scuri, Fabrizio, Scutti, Federico, Sebastiani, Cristiano, Sedlaczek, Kevin, Seema, Pienpen, Seidel, Sally, Seiden, Abraham, Seidlitz, Blair Daniel, Seitz, Claudia, Seixas, Jose, Sekhniaidze, Givi, Sekula, Stephen Jacob, Selem, Luka, Semprini Cesari, Nicola, Sen, Sourav, Sengupta, Debajyoti, Senthilkumar, Varsha, Serin, Laurent, Serkin, Leonid, Sessa, Marco, Severini, Horst, Sforza, Federico, Sfyrla, Anna, Shabalina, Elizaveta, Shaheen, Rabia, Shahinian, Jeff, Shaked Renous, Dan, Shan, Lianyou, Shapiro, Marjorie, Sharma, Abhishek, Sharma, Punit, Sharma, Surabhi, Shatalov, Sppavel, Shaw, Kate, Shaw, Savanna, Shen, Qiuping, Sherwood, Peter, Shi, Liaoshan, Shimmin, Chase Owen, Shimogama, Yoshihiro, Shinner, James David, Shipsey, Ian, Shirabe, Shohei, Shiyakova, Mariya, Shlomi, Jonathan, Shochet, Mel, Shojaii, Seyed Ruhollah, Shope, David Richard, Shrestha, Suyog, Shrif, Esra Mohammed, Shroff, Maheyer Jamshed, Sicho, Petr, Sickles, Anne Marie, Sideras Haddad, Elias, Sidoti, Antonio, Siegert, Frank, Sijacki, Dorde, Sikora, Rafal, Sili, Francisco, Cardoso Silva, Julia Manuela, Silva Oliveira, Marcos Vinicius, Silverstein, Samuel, Simion, Stefan, Simoniello, Rosa, Simpson, Ethan Lewis, Simpson, Harry, Simpson, Liana, Simpson, Nathan Daniel, Simsek, Sinem, Sindhu, Sreelakshmi, Sinervo, Pekka, Singh, Sundeep, Singh, Sahibjeet, Sinha, Supriya, Sinha, Sukanya, Sioli, Maximiliano, Siral, Ismet, Sivoklokov, Serguei, Sjoelin, Joergen, Skaf, Ali, Skorda, Eleni, Skubic, Patrick, Slawinska, Magdalena, Smakhtin, Vladimir, Smart, Ben Harry, Smiesko, Juraj, Smirnov, Serge, Smirnov, Yury, Smirnova, Lidia, Smirnova, Oxana, Smith, Andrew Caldon, Smith, Emily Ann, Smith, Hayden Alexander, Smith, James, Smith, Rachel Emma Clarke, Smizanska, Maria, Smolek, Karel, Smykiewicz, Andrzej, Snesarev, Andrei, Snoek, Hella, Snyder, Scott, Sobie, Randy, Soffer, Abi, Solans Sanchez, Carlos, Soldatov, Evgeny, Soldevila Serrano, Urmila, Solodkov, Sanya, Solomon, Shalu, Soloshenko, Aleksey, Solovieva, Ksenia, Solovyanov, Oleg, Solovyev, Victor, Sommer, Philip, Sonay, Anil, Song, Wen Yi, Sonneveld, Jory, Sopczak, Andre, Sopio, Alex, Sopkova, Filomena, Sothilingam, Varsiha, Sottocornola, Simone, Soualah, Rachik, Soumaimi, Zainab, South, David, Spagnolo, Stefania, Spalla, Margherita, Spano, Francesco, Sperlich, Dennis, Spigo, Giancarlo, Spina, Mario, Spinali, Sebastiano, Spiteri, Dwayne Patrick, Spousta, Martin, Staats, Ezekiel, Stabile, Alberto, Stamen, Rainer, Stamenkovic, Marko, Stampekis, Alexios, Standke, Mark, Stanecka, Ewa, Stange, Max Vincent, Stanislaus, Beojan, Stanitzki, Marcel, Stankaityte, Migle, Stapf, Birgit Sylvia, Starchenko, Jenya, Stark, Giordon Holtsberg, Stark, Jan, Starko, Darij Markian, Staroba, Pavel, Starovoitov, Pavel, Staerz, Steffen, Staszewski, Rafal, Stavropoulos, George, Steentoft, Jonas, Steinberg, Peter Alan, Steinhebel, Amanda, Stelzer, Bernd, Stelzer, Joerg, Stelzer-Chilton, Oliver, Stenzel, Hasko, Stevenson, Thomas James, Stewart, Graeme A, Stockton, Mark, Stoicea, Gabriel, Stolarski, Marcin, Stonjek, Stefan, Straessner, Arno, Strandberg, Jonas, Strandberg, Sara, Strauss, Mike, Strebler, Thomas, Strizenec, Pavol, Strohmer, Raimund, Strom, David, Strom, Lars Rickard, Stroynowski, Ryszard, Strubig, Antonia, Stucci, Stefania Antonia, Stugu, Bjarne, Stupak, John, Styles, Nicholas, Su, Dong, Su, Shixiang, Su, Wanyun, Su, Xiaowen, Sugizaki, Kaito, Sulin, Vladimir, Sullivan, Matthew James, Sultan, D.M.S, Sultanaliyeva, Laily, Sultanov, Salekh, Sumida, Toshi, Sun, Siyuan, Sun, Shaojun, Gudnadottir, Olga, Sutton, Mark, Svatos, Michal, Swiatlowski, Maximilian J, Swirski, Thorben, Sykora, Ivan, Sykora, Martin, Sykora, Tomas, Ta, Duc Bao, Tackmann, Kerstin, Taffard, Anyes, Tafirout, Reda, Tafoya Vargas, Juan Salvador, Taibah, Reem Hani M, Takashima, Ryuichi, Takeda, Kosuke, Takeva, Emily Petrova, Takubo, Yosuke, Talby, Mossadek, Talyshev, Alexei, Tam, Kai Chung, Tamir, Nadav Michael, Tanaka, Aoto, Tanaka, Junichi, Tanaka, Rei, Tanasini, Martino, Tang, Jiannan, Tao, Zhengcheng, Tapia Araya, Sebastian, Tapprogge, Stefan, Tarek, Ahmed, Tarem, Shlomit, Tariq, Khuram, Tarna, Grigore, Tartarelli, Francesco, Tas, Petr, Tasevsky, Marek, Tassi, Enrico, Tate, Aric, Tateno, Gen, Tayalati, Yahya, Taylor, Geoffrey Norman, Taylor, Wendy Jane, Teagle, Hamish Edward, Tee, Amy, Teixeira de Lima, Rafael, Teixeira-Dias, Pedro, Teoh, Jia Jian, Terashi, Koji, Terron Cuadrado, Juan, Terzo, Stefano, Testa, Marianna, Teuscher, Richard, Thaler, Alexander, Theiner, Ondrej, Themistokleous, Neofytos, Theveneaux-Pelzer, Timothee, Thielmann, Oliver, Thomas, David William, Thomas, Juergen, Thompson, Emily Anne, Thompson, Paul, Thomson, Evelyn Jean, Thorpe, Edward James, Tian, Yusong, Tikhomirov, Vladimir, Tikhonov, Iouri, Timoshenko, Sergei, Ting, Edmund Xiang Lin, Tipton, Paul Louis, Tisserant, Sylvain, Tlou, Humphry, Tnourji, Abdellah, Todome, Kazuki, Todorova, Sarka, Todt, Stefanie, Togawa, Manabu, Tojo, Junji, Tokar, Stano, Tokushuku, Katsuo, Toldaiev, Alex, Tombs, Rupert, Tomoto, Makoto, Tompkins, Lauren Alexandra, Topolnicki, Kacper Wojciech, Tornambe, Peter, Torrence, Eric, Torres, Heberth, Torro Pastor, Emma, Toscani, Mariana, Tosciri, Cecilia, Tost, Marc, Tovey, Daniel, Traeet, Are Sivertsen, Trandafir, Iulia-Stefania, Trefzger, Thomas, Tricoli, Alessandro, Trigger, Isabel, Trincaz-Duvoid, Sophie, Trischuk, Dominique Anderson, Trocme, Benjamin, Troncon, Clara, Truong, Thi Ngoc Loan, Trzebinski, Maciej, Trzupek, Adam, Tsai, Fang-Ying, Tsai, Meng-Ju, Tsiamis, Angelos, Tsiareshka, Pavel, Tsigaridas, Stergios, Tsirigotis, Apostolos, Tsiskaridze, Vakhtang, Tskhadadze, Edisher, Tsopoulou, Maria-Evanthia, Tsujikawa, Yoshiaki, Tsukerman, Ilia, Tsulaia, Vakhtang, Tsuno, Soshi, Tsur, Omer, Tsybyshev, Dmitry, Tu, Yanjun, Tudorache, Alexandra, Tudorache, Valentina, Tuna, Alexander Naip, Turchikhin, Semen, Turk Cakir, Ilkay, Turra, Ruggero, Turtuvshin, Tulgaa, Tuts, Mike, Tzamarias, Spyros, Tzanis, Polyneikis, Tzovara, Eftychia, Uchida, Kenta, Ukegawa, Fumihiko, Ulloa Poblete, Pablo Augusto, Umaka, Ejiro Naomi, Unal, Guillaume, Unal, Mesut, Undrus, Alexander, Unel, Gokhan, Urban, Josef, Urquijo, Phillip, Usai, Giulio, Ushioda, Risa, Usman, Muhammad, Uysal, Zekeriya, Vacavant, Laurent, Vacek, Vic, Vachon, Brigitte, Vadla, Knut Oddvar Hoie, Vafeiadis, Theodoros, Vaitkus, Andrius, Valderanis, Chrysostomos, Valdes Santurio, Eduardo, Valente, Marco, Valentinetti, Sara, Valero Biot, Alberto, Vallier, Alexis, Valls Ferrer, Juan, van Arneman, Dylan Remberto, van Daalen, Tal Roelof, van Gemmeren, Peter, van Rijnbach, Milou, van Stroud, Samuel, van Vulpen, Ivo, Vanadia, Marco, Vandelli, Wainer, Vandenbroucke, Maxence, van de Wall, Evan Richard, Vannicola, Damiano, Vannoli, Leonardo, Vari, Riccardo, Varnes, Erich Ward, Varni, Carlo, Mete, Tulin, Varouchas, Dimitris, Varriale, Lorenzo, Varvell, Kevin, Vasile, Matei, Vaslin, Louis, Vasquez, Gerardo, Vazeille, Francois, Vazquez Schroeder, Tamara, Veatch, Jason Robert, Vecchio, Valentina, Veen, Michiel Jan, Veliscek, Iza, Veloce, Laurelle Maria, Veloso, Filipe, Veneziano, Stefano, Ventura, Andrea, Verbytskyi, Andrii, Verducci, Monica, Vergis, Christos, Verissimo de Araujo, Micael, Verkerke, Wouter, Vermeulen, Jos, Vernieri, Caterina, Verschuuren, Pim Jordi, Vessella, Makayla, Vetterli, Michel Joseph, Vgenopoulos, Andreas, Viaux Maira, Nicolas, Vickey, Trevor, Vickey Boeriu, Oana, Viehhauser, Georg, Vigani, Luigi, Villa, Mauro, Villaplana, Miguel, Villhauer, Elena Michelle, Vilucchi, Elisabetta, Vincter, Manuella, Virdee, Govindraj Singh, Vishwakarma, Akanksha, Vittori, Camilla, Vivarelli, Iacopo, Vladimirov, Vangelis, Voevodina, Elena, Vogel, Fabian, Vokac, Petr, von Ahnen, Janik, von Torne, Eckhard, Vormwald, Benedikt, Vorobel, Vit, Vorobev, Konstantin, Vos, Marcel, Voss, Katharina, Vossebeld, Joost, Vozak, Matous, Vozdecky, Lubos, Vranjes, Nenad, Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija, Vreeswijk, Marcel, Vuillermet, Raphael, Vujinovic, Olivera, Vukotic, Ilija, Wada, Sayaka, Wagner, Cooper, Wagner, Wolfgang, Wahdan, Shayma, Wahlberg, Hernan Pablo, Wakasa, Rena, Wakida, Moe, Walbrecht, Verena Maria, Walder, James William, Walker, Rodney, Walkowiak, Wolfgang, Wang, Ann Miao, Wang, Alex Zeng, Wang, Chen, Wang, Chenliang, Wang, Haichen, Wang, Jiawei, Wang, Renjie, Wang, Rongkun, Wang, Rui, Wang, Song-Ming, Wang, Shuanggeng, Wang, Tao, Wang, Weitao, Wang, Xin, Wang, Xiaoning, Wang, Xi, Wang, Yufeng, Wang, Yuhao, Wang, Zirui, Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zhichen, Warburton, Andreas, Ward, Robert James, Warrack, Neil, Watson, Alan, Watson, Harriet, Watson, Miriam, Watts, Gordon, Waugh, Benedict Martin, Webb, Aaron, Weber, Christian, Weber, Hannsjorg, Weber, Michele, Weber, Sebastian Mario, Wei, Chuanshun, Wei, Yingjie, Weidberg, Anthony, Weingarten, Jens, Weirich, Marcel, Weiser, Christian, Wells, Craig John, Wenaus, Torre, Wendland, Bjoern, Wengler, Thorsten, Wenke, Nina Stephanie, Wermes, Norbert, Wessels, Martin, Whalen, Kate, Wharton, Andrew Mark, White, Aaron Stephen, White, Andrew, White, Martin John, Whiteson, Daniel, Wickremasinghe, Lakmin, Wiedenmann, Werner, Wiel, Christian, Wielers, Monika, Wiglesworth, Craig, Wiik-Fuchs, Liv, Wilbern, Daniel John, Wilkens, Henric, Williams, Daniel, Williams, Hugh, Williams, Sarah Louise, Willocq, Stephane, Windischhofer, Philipp, Winklmeier, Frank, Winter, Benedict Tobias, Winter, Joshua Krystian, Wittgen, Matthias, Wobisch, Markus, Woelker, Ricardo, Wollrath, Julian, Wolter, Marcin, Wolters, Helmut, Wong, Vincent Wai Sum, Wongel, Alicia, Worm, Steven, Wosiek, Barbara Krystyna, Wozniak, Krzysztof Wieslaw, Wraight, Kenneth Gibb, Wu, Jinfei, Wu, Minlin, Wu, Mengqing, Wu, Sau Lan, Wu, Xin, Wu, Yusheng, Wu, Zhibo, Wurzinger, Jonas, Wyatt, Terry, Wynne, Benjamin Michael, Xella, Stefania, Xia, Ligang, Xia, Mingming, Xiang, Jianhuan, Xiao, Xiong, Xie, Mingzhe, Xie, Xiangyu, Xin, Shuiting, Xiong, Junwen, Xiotidis, Ioannis, Xu, Da, Xu, Hanlin, Xu, Hao, Xu, Lailin, Xu, Riley, Xu, Tairan, Xu, Wenhao, Xu, Yue, Xu, Zhongyukun, Xu, Zijun, Yabsley, Bruce Donald, Yacoob, Sahal, Yamaguchi, Naoki, Yamaguchi, Yohei, Yamauchi, Hiroki, Yamazaki, Tomohiro, Yamazaki, Yuji, Yan, Jun, Yan, Siyuan, Yan, Zhen, Yang, Haijun, Yang, Hongtao, Yang, Siqi, Yang, Tianyi, Yang, Xiao, Yang, Xuan, Yang, Yi-Lin, Yang, Yifan, Yang, Zhe, Yao, Wei-Ming, Yap, Yee Chinn, Ye, Hanfei, Ye, Hua, Ye, Jingbo, Ye, Shuwei, Ye, Xinmeng, Yeh, Yoran, Yeletskikh, Ivan, Yeo, Beom Ki, Yexley, Melissa, Yin, Pengqi, Yorita, Kohei, Younas, Sulman, Young, Christopher, Young, Charlie, Yu, Yi, Yuan, Man, Yuan, Rui, Yue, Luzhan, Yue, Xiaoguang, Zaazoua, Mohamed, Zabinski, Bartlomiej Henryk, Zaid, Estifa'A, Zakareishvili, Tamar, Zakharchuk, Nataliia, Zambito, Stefano, Zamora Saa, Jilberto Antonio, Zang, Jiaqi, Zanzi, Daniele, Zaplatilek, Ota, Zeissner, Sonja Verena, Zeitnitz, Christian, Zeng, Jiancong, Zenger, Todd, Zenin, Oleg, Zenis, Tibor, Zenz, Seth, Zerradi, Soufiane, Zerwas, Dirk, Zhai, Mingjie, Zhang, Bowen, Zhang, Dengfeng, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Jinlong, Zhang, Kaili, Zhang, Lei, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Rui, Zhang, Shuzhou, Zhang, Tingyu, Zhang, Xiangke, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yulei, Zhang, Zhicai, Zhang, Zhiqing Philippe, Zhao, Haoran, Zhao, Pingchuan, Zhao, Tongbin, Zhao, Yuzhan, Zhao, Zhengguo, Zhemchugov, Alexey, Zheng, Xiangxuan, Zheng, Zhi, Zhong, Dewen, Zhou, Bing, Zhou, Chen, Zhou, Hao, Zhou, Ning, Zhou, You, Zhu, Chengguang, Zhu, Chenzheng, Zhu, Heling, Zhu, Hongbo, Zhu, Junjie, Zhu, Yifan, Zhu, Yingchun, Zhuang, Xuai, Zhukov, Konstantin, Zhulanov, Vladimir, Zimine, Nikolai, Zinsser, Joachim, Ziolkowski, Michal, Zivkovic, Lidija, Zoccoli, Antonio, Zoch, Knut, Zorbas, Theodore, Zormpa, Olga, Zou, Wenkai, Zwalinski, Lukasz, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and ATLAS
Subjects: topology, lepton, new physics, p p, scattering, FOS: Physical sciences, GeV, ATLAS, sensitivity, charge, electric, High Energy Physics - Experiment, bino, intermediate state, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), CERN LHC Coll, up, mass, Higgsino, mass, direct production, conservation law, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], TeV, supersymmetry, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for supersymmetry targeting the direct production of winos and higgsinos is conducted in final states with either two leptons ($e$ or $\mu$) with the same electric charge, or three leptons. The analysis uses 139 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collision data at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV collected with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess over the Standard Model expectation is observed. Simplified and complete models with and without $R$-parity conservation are considered. In topologies with intermediate states including either $Wh$ or $WZ$ pairs, wino masses up to 525 GeV and 250 GeV are excluded, respectively, for a bino of vanishing mass. Higgsino masses smaller than 440 GeV are excluded in a natural $R$-parity-violating model with bilinear terms. Upper limits on the production cross section of generic events beyond the Standard Model as low as 40 ab are obtained in signal regions optimised for these models and also for an $R$-parity-violating scenario with baryon-number-violating higgsino decays into top quarks and jets. The analysis significantly improves sensitivity to supersymmetric models and other processes beyond the Standard Model that may contribute to the considered final states., Comment: 65 pages in total, author list starting page 48, 18 figures, 9 tables, submitted to JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2019-22/
Published: 2023

55. An Ab-initio Study of Structural and Electronic Properties of CaTe under High Pressure.

Author: Cihan Kürkçü
Abstract: The crystal structure of the CaTe compound is studied up to 150 GPa under high hydrostatic pressure using the density functional theory (DFT) with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Pressure-volume relationships, structural transitions and electronic properties in CaTe compound are investigated using Siesta method. CaTe crystallizes in the NaCl-type (B1) structure (space group: ) at ambient conditions, and transforms to CsCl-type (B2) structure (space group: ) at high pressure. This transformation is based on a intermediate state with space group . Moreover, the electronic band structure of the B1 and B2 structures of CaTe have been calculated. According to this calculation, obtained band gap values are in good agreement with the values reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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56. The Transition Between Slow-Wave Sleep and REM Sleep Constitutes an Independent Sleep Stage Organized by Cholinergic Mechanisms in the Rostrodorsal Pontine Tegmentum.

Author: Carrera-Cañas, Carlos, Garzón, Miguel, and de Andrés, Isabel
Subjects: RAPID eye movement sleep, CHOLINERGIC mechanisms, SLEEP stages, EYE movements, POWER spectra
Abstract: There is little information on either the transition state occurring between slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, as well as about its neurobiological bases. This transition state, which is known as the intermediate state (IS), is well-defined in rats but poorly characterized in cats. Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that cholinergic stimulation of the perilocus coeruleus α nucleus (PLCα) in the pontine tegmentum of cats induced two states: wakefulness with muscle atonia and a state of dissociated sleep we have called the SPGO state. The SPGO state has characteristics in common with the IS, such including the presence of ponto-geniculo-occipital waves (PGO) and EEG synchronization with δ wave reduction. Therefore, the aims of the present study were (1) to characterize the IS in the cat and, (2), to study the analogy between the SPGO and the different sleep stages showing PGO activity, including the IS. Polygraphic recordings of 10 cats were used. In seven cats carbachol microinjections (20–30 nL, 0.01–0.1 M) were delivered in the PLCα. In the different states, PGO waves were analyzed and power spectra obtained for the δ, θ, α, and β bands of the EEG from the frontal and occipital cortices, and for the θ hippocampal band. Statistical comparisons were made between the values obtained from the different states. The results indicate that the IS constitutes a state with characteristics that are distinct from both the preceding SWS and the following REM sleep, and that SPGO presents a high analogy with the IS. Therefore, the SPGO state induced by administering carbachol in the PLCα nucleus seems to be an expression of the physiological IS of the cat. Consequently, we propose that the PLCα region, besides being involved in the mechanisms of muscle atonia, may also be responsible for organizing the transition from SWS to REM sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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57. Unfolding of Acinetobacter baumannii MurA proceeds through a metastable intermediate: A combined spectroscopic and computational investigation.

Author: Sonkar, Amit, Shukla, Harish, Shukla, Rohit, Kalita, Jupitara, and Tripathi, Timir
Subjects: *ACINETOBACTER baumannii, *METASTABLE states, *PEPTIDOGLYCANS, *BACTERIAL cell walls, *MOLECULAR dynamics
Abstract: Abstract Peptidoglycan (PG) is the main constituent of the bacterial cell wall. The enzyme UDP‑ N ‑acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (MurA) catalyzes the transfer of enolpyruvate from phosphoenolpyruvate to uridinediphospho‑ N ‑acetylglucosamine, which is the first committed step of PG biosynthesis. In this study, we have systematically examined the urea-induced unfolding of Acinetobacter baumannii MurA (AbMurA) using various optical spectroscopic techniques and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The urea-induced unfolding of AbMurA was a three-state process, where a metastable intermediate conformation state is populated between 3.0 and 4.0 M. Above 6.0 M urea, AbMurA gets completely unfolded. The transition from the native structure to the partially unfolded metastable state involves ~30% loss of native contacts but little change in the radius of gyration or core hydration properties. The intermediate-to-unfolded state transition was characterized by a large increase in the radius of gyration. MD trajectories simulated in different unfolding conditions suggest that urea destabilizes AbMurA structure weakening hydrophobic interactions and the hydrogen bond network. We observed a clear correlation between both in vitro and in silico studies. To our knowledge, this is also the first report on unfolding/stability analysis of any MurA enzyme. Highlights • Urea-induced unfolding of AbMurA were examined using spectroscopic techniques and MD simulations. • Unfolding of AbMurA was a three-state process, with the presence of a metastable intermediate conformation state. • Transition from the native-to-metastable state involves ~30% loss of native contacts but little change in the radius of gyration. • Intermediate-to-unfolded state transition was characterized by a large increase in the radius of gyration. • Urea destabilizes AbMurA structure by weakening hydrophobic interactions and the hydrogen bond network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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58. Structural evolution and electronic properties of CaS: An ab initio study.

Author: Kürkçü, Cihan, Yamçıçıer, Çağatay, and Kurban, Mustafa
Subjects: *POLAR effects (Chemistry), *BIOLOGICAL evolution
Abstract: Abstract CaS crystallizes in cubic NaCl (B1) type structure with symmetry Fm 3 ¯ m. In this work, the structural and electronic properties of CaS were investigated by considering the Density Functional calculations within the framework of Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) under high pressure. The structural change was found at the B1 type structure of CaS. B1 type structure transformed into another cubic CsCl (B2) type structure with symmetry Pm 3 ¯ m at 36.6 GPa. An intermediate state with symmetry R 3 ¯ m was predicted during this transition. Besides, the effects of the pressure on the electronic properties of CaS were also studied. Both the B1 and B2 type structures exhibited semiconducting behaviors with direct band gaps at the Γ -point and R -point, respectively. Intermediate state was searched during this phase change first time in detail. The obtained results were compared with experimental and theoretical ones in the literature. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Pressure-induced change in CaS under hydrostatic conditions are presented. • The cubic NaCl-type (B1) structure of CaS transformed to the another cubic CsCl-type (B2) structure at 36.6 GPa. • An intermediate state for B 1 → B 2 transition is firstly predicted in this study. • The electronic properties for the B1 and B2-type structures of CaS are calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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59. Equilibrium Properties of the Mixed State in Superconducting Niobium in a Transverse Magnetic Field: Experiment and Theoretical Model

Author: Haesendonck, C. [KU Leuven, Solid State Physics and Magnetism Section (Belgium)]
Published: 2018
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60. Magnetization Reversal of Permalloy Microparticles with the Configuration Anisotropy by Magnetic-Force Microscopy

Author: Nurgazizov, N. [Zavoisky Physical-Technical Institute, Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russian Federation)]
Published: 2018
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61. 3D Burgers Equation in Relativistic Plasma in the Presence of Electron and Negative Ion Trapping: Evolution of Shock Wave

Author: Dev, A. [Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan, Computer Science and Information Technology (India)]
Published: 2018
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62. A Two-Sublattice Non-Heisenberg Magnet with S = 1 and Complex Interion Anisotropy

Published: 2018
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63. Irreversibility in Rolled Tantalum

Author: Cimpoiasu, Elena [United States Naval Academy, Department of Physics (United States)]
Published: 2018
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64. Measurement of the e{sup +}e{sup −} → ηK{sup +}K{sup −} Cross Section by Means of the SND Detector

Author: others, and
Published: 2018
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65. Intermediate state of hexagonal close-packed structure to face-centered cubic structure transformation: Direct evidence for basal-type face-centered cubic phase via partial dislocation in zirconium

Author: Gaihuan Yuan, Fusen Yuan, Li Geping, Ali Muhammad, Wenbin Guo, Hengfei Gu, Liu Chengze, Fuzhou Han, Yingdong Zhang, and Jie Ren
Subjects: Zirconium, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Mechanical Engineering, Metals and Alloys, Close-packing of equal spheres, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Cubic crystal system, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Crystallography, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Transmission electron microscopy, Phase (matter), Materials Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, Partial dislocations, Intermediate state, 0210 nano-technology, Burgers vector
Abstract: An intermediate state of basal-type (B-type) face-centered cubic (FCC) zirconium phase is firstly reported in as-solidified pure zirconium by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique. The B-type hexagonal close-packed (HCP) to FCC phase transformation can be realized by following path: HCP→Intermediate state→FCC and each stage contained Shockley partial dislocations with Burgers vector of 1 / 6 [ 0 1 ¯ 10 ] . The observed intermediate state is direct evidence of the B-type FCC zirconium phase via partial dislocation.
Published: 2022
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66. Amplitude analysis of the D$^{+}$→ π$^{−}$π$^{+}$π$^{+}$ decay and measurement of the π$^{−}$π$^{+}$ S-wave amplitude

Author: Aaij, R, Abdelmotteleb, A.S. 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R, Bitadze, A, Bizzeti, A, Blago, M.P, Blake, T, Blanc, F, Blusk, S, Bobulska, D, Boelhauve, J.A, Garcia, O.Boente, Boettcher, T, Boldyrev, A, Bolognani, C.S, Bondar, N, Borghi, S, Borsato, M, Borsuk, J.T, Bouchiba, S.A, Bowcock, T.J. 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C, White, D.J, Whitehead, M, Wiederhold, A.R, Wiedner, D, Wilkinson, G, Wilkinson, M.K, Williams, I, Williams, M, Williams, M.R. J, Williams, R, Wilson, F.F, Wislicki, W, Witek, M, Witola, L, Wong, C.P, Wormser, G, Wotton, S.A, Wu, H, Wyllie, K, Xiang, Z, Xiao, D, Xie, Y, Xu, A, Xu, J, Xu, L, Xu, M, Xu, Q, Xu, Z, Yang, D, Yang, S, Yang, Y, Yang, Z, Yeomans, L.E, Yin, H, Yu, J, Yuan, X, Zaffaroni, E, Zavertyaev, M, Zdybal, M, Zenaiev, O, Zeng, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, D, Zhang, L, Zhang, S, Zhang, Y, Zharkova, A, Zhelezov, A, Zheng, Y, Zhou, T, Zhou, X, Zhou, Y, Zhovkovska, V, Zhu, X, Zhu, Z, Zhukov, V, Zou, Q, Zucchelli, S, Zuliani, D, Zunica, G, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and LHCb
Subjects: 8000 GeV-cms, p p: scattering, data analysis method, Hadron-Hadron Scattering, pi: multiple production, omega(783), Particle and Resonance Production, Dalitz plot, mass spectrum: (pi+ pi-), rho(770), +pi-+2pi%2B%22">D+ --> pi- 2pi+, amplitude analysis, LHC-B, High Energy Physics - Experiment, f2(1270), intermediate state, CERN LHC Coll, Charm Physics, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], D+: hadronic decay, structure, p p: colliding beams, isobar model, Particle Physics - Experiment, experimental results
Abstract: An amplitude analysis of the $D^+ \to \pi^- \pi^+ \pi^+$ decay is performed with a sample corresponding to $1.5\rm fb^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity of $pp$ collisions at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV collected by the LHCb detector in 2012. The sample contains approximately six hundred thousand candidates with a signal purity of $95\%$. The resonant structure is studied through a fit to the Dalitz plot where the $\pi^- \pi^+$ S-wave amplitude is extracted as a function of $\pi^-\pi^+$ mass, and spin-1 and spin-2 resonances are included coherently through an isobar model. The S-wave component is found to be dominant, followed by the $\rho(770)^0\pi^+$ and $f_2(1270)\pi^+$ components. A small contribution from the $\omega(782)\to\pi^-\pi^+$ decay is seen for the first time in the $D^+ \to \pi^- \pi^+ \pi^+$ decay., Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-016.html (LHCb public pages)
Published: 2023
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67. Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions $ \mathcal{B}\left({B}_c^{+}\to {B}_s^0{\pi}^{+}\right)/\mathcal{B}\left({B}_c^{+}\to J/\psi {\pi}^{+}\right) $

Author: Aaij, R, Abdelmotteleb, A.S. 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L, Hennequin, A.M, Hennessy, K, Henry, L, Herd, J, Heuel, J, Hicheur, A, Hill, D, Hilton, M, Hollitt, S.E, Horswill, J, Hou, R, Hou, Y, Hu, J, Hu, W, Hu, X, Huang, W, Huang, X, Hulsbergen, W, Hunter, R.J, Hushchyn, M, Hutchcroft, D, Ibis, P, Idzik, M, Ilin, D, Ilten, P, Inglessi, A, Iniukhin, A, Ishteev, A, Ivshin, K, Jacobsson, R, Jage, H, Jaimes Elles, S.J, Jakobsen, S, Jans, E, Jashal, B.K, Jawahery, A, Jevtic, V, Jiang, E, Jiang, X, Jiang, Y, John, M, Johnson, D, Jones, C.R, Jones, T.P, Jost, B, Jurik, N, Juszczak, I, Kandybei, S, Kang, Y, Karacson, M, Karpenkov, D, Karpov, M, Kautz, J.W, Keizer, F, Keller, D.M, Kenzie, M, Ketel, T, Khanji, B, Kharisova, A, Kholodenko, S, Khreich, G, Kirn, T, Kirsebom, V.S, Kitouni, O, Klaver, S, Kleijne, N, Klimaszewski, K, Kmiec, M.R, Koliiev, S, Kolk, L, Kondybayeva, A, Konoplyannikov, A, Kopciewicz, P, Kopecna, R, Koppenburg, P, Korolev, M, Kostiuk, I, Kot, O, Kotriakhova, S, Kozachuk, A, Kravchenko, P, Kravchuk, L, Krawczyk, R.D, Kreps, M, Kretzschmar, S, Krokovny, P, Krupa, W, Krzemien, W, Kubat, J, Kubis, S, Kucewicz, W, Kucharczyk, M, Kudryavtsev, V, Kupsc, A, Lacarrere, D, Lafferty, G, Lai, A, Lampis, A, Lancierini, D, Landesa Gomez, C, Lane, J.J, Lane, R, Langenbruch, C, Langer, J, Lantwin, O, Latham, T, Lazzari, F, Lazzaroni, M, Le Gac, R, Lee, S.H, Lefèvre, R, Leflat, A, Legotin, S, Lenisa, P, Leroy, O, Lesiak, T, Leverington, B, Li, A, Li, H, Li, K, Li, P, Li, P.R, Li, S, Li, T, Li, Y, Li, Z, Liang, X, Lin, C, Lin, T, Lindner, R, Lisovskyi, V, Litvinov, R, Liu, G, Liu, H, Liu, Q, Liu, S, Lobo Salvia, A, Loi, A, Lollini, R, Lomba Castro, J, Longstaff, I, Lopes, J.H, Lopez Huertas, A, López Soliño, S, Lovell, G.H, Lu, Y, Lucarelli, C, Lucchesi, D, Luchuk, S, Lucio Martinez, M, Lukashenko, V, Luo, Y, Lupato, A, Luppi, E, Lusiani, A, Lynch, K, Lyu, X.R, Ma, R, Maccolini, S, Machefert, F, Maciuc, F, Mackay, I, Macko, V, Madhan Mohan, L.R, Maevskiy, A, Maisuzenko, D, Majewski, M.W, Malczewski, J.J, Malde, S, Malecki, B, Malinin, A, Maltsev, T, Manca, G, Mancinelli, G, Mancuso, C, Manera Escalero, R, Manuzzi, D, Manzari, C.A, Marangotto, D, Marchand, J.F, Marconi, U, Mariani, S, Marin Benito, C, Marks, J, Marshall, A.M, Marshall, P.J, Martelli, G, Martellotti, G, Martinazzoli, L, Martinelli, M, Martinez Santos, D, Martinez Vidal, F, Massafferri, A, Materok, M, Matev, R, Mathad, A, Matiunin, V, Matteuzzi, C, Mattioli, K.R, Mauri, A, Maurice, E, Mauricio, J, Mazurek, M, Mccann, M, Mcconnell, L, Mcgrath, T.H, Mchugh, N.T, Mcnab, A, Mcnulty, R, Mead, J.V, Meadows, B, Meier, G, Melnychuk, D, Meloni, S, Merk, M, Merli, A, Meyer Garcia, L, Miao, D, Mikhasenko, M, Milanes, D.A, Millard, E, Milovanovic, M, Minard, M.N, Minotti, A, Miralles, T, Mitchell, S.E, Mitreska, B, Mitzel, D.S, Mödden, A, Mohammed, R.A, Moise, R.D, Mokhnenko, S, Mombächer, T, Monk, M, Monroy, I.A, Monteil, S, Morello, G, Morello, M.J, Moron, J, Morris, A.B, Morris, A.G, Mountain, R, Mu, H, Muhammad, E, Muheim, F, Mulder, M, Müller, K, Murphy, C.H, Murray, D, Murta, R, Muzzetto, P, Naik, P, Nakada, T, Nandakumar, R, Nanut, T, Nasteva, I, Needham, M, Neri, N, Neubert, S, Neufeld, N, Neustroev, P, Newcombe, R, Nicolini, J, Niel, E.M, Nieswand, S, Nikitin, N, Nolte, N.S, Normand, C, Novoa Fernandez, J, Nowak, G.N, Nunez, C, Oblakowska-Mucha, A, Obraztsov, V, Oeser, T, O’hanlon, D.P, Okamura, S, Oldeman, R, Oliva, F, Onderwater, C.J. G, O’neil, R.H, Otalora Goicochea, J.M, Ovsiannikova, T, Owen, P, Oyanguren, A, Ozcelik, O, Padeken, K.O, Pagare, B, Pais, P.R, Pajero, T, Palano, A, Palutan, M, Pan, Y, Panshin, G, Paolucci, L, Papanestis, A, Pappagallo, M, Pappalardo, L.L, Pappenheimer, C, Parker, W, Parkes, C, Passalacqua, B, Passaleva, G, Pastore, A, Patel, M, Patrignani, C, Pawley, C.J, Pearce, A, Pellegrino, A, Pepe Altarelli, M, Perazzini, S, Pereima, D, Pereiro Castro, A, Perret, P, Petridis, K, Petrolini, A, Petrov, A, Petrucci, S, Petruzzo, M, Pham, H, Philippov, A, Piandani, R, Pica, L, Piccini, M, Pietrzyk, B, Pietrzyk, G, Pili, M, Pinci, D, Pisani, F, Pizzichemi, M, Placinta, V, Plews, J, Plo Casasus, M, Polci, F, Poli Lener, M, Poliakova, M, Poluektov, A, Polukhina, N, Polyakov, I, Polycarpo, E, Ponce, S, Popov, D, Popov, S, Poslavskii, S, Prasanth, K, Promberger, L, Prouve, C, Pugatch, V, Puill, V, Punzi, G, Qi, H.R, Qian, W, Qin, N, Qu, S, Quagliani, R, Raab, N.V, Rachwal, B, Rademacker, J.H, Rajagopalan, R, Rama, M, Ramos Pernas, M, Rangel, M.S, Ratnikov, F, Raven, G, Rebollo de Miguel, M, Redi, F, Reich, J, Reiss, F, Remon Alepuz, C, Ren, Z, Resmi, P.K, Ribatti, R, Ricci, A.M, Ricciardi, S, Richardson, K, Richardson-Slipper, M, Rinnert, K, Robbe, P, Robertson, G, Rodrigues, A.B, Rodrigues, E, Rodriguez Fernandez, E, Rodriguez Lopez, J.A, Rodriguez Rodriguez, E, Rolf, D.L, Rollings, A, Roloff, P, Romanovskiy, V, Romero Lamas, M, Romero Vidal, A, Roth, J.D, Rotondo, M, Rudolph, M.S, Ruf, T, Ruiz Fernandez, R.A, Ruiz Vidal, J, Ryzhikov, A, Ryzka, J, Saborido Silva, J.J, Sagidova, N, Sahoo, N, Saitta, B, Salomoni, M, Sanchez Gras, C, Sanderswood, I, Santacesaria, R, Santamarina Rios, C, Santimaria, M, Santovetti, E, Saranin, D, Sarpis, G, Sarpis, M, Sarti, A, Satriano, C, Satta, A, Saur, M, Savrina, D, Sazak, H, Scantlebury Smead, L.G, Scarabotto, A, Schael, S, Scherl, S, Schiller, M, Schindler, H, Schmelling, M, Schmidt, B, Schmitt, S, Schneider, O, Schopper, A, Schubiger, M, Schulte, S, Schune, M.H, Schwemmer, R, Sciascia, B, Sciuccati, A, Sellam, S, Semennikov, A, Senghi Soares, M, Sergi, A, Serra, N, Sestini, L, Seuthe, A, Shang, Y, Shangase, D.M, Shapkin, M, Shchemerov, I, Shchutska, L, Shears, T, Shekhtman, L, Shen, Z, Sheng, S, Shevchenko, V, Shi, B, Shi, Q, Shields, E.B, Shimizu, Y, Shmanin, E, Shorkin, R, Shupperd, J.D, Siddi, B.G, Silva Coutinho, R, Simi, G, Simone, S, Singla, M, Skidmore, N, Skuza, R, Skwarnicki, T, Slater, M.W, Smallwood, J.C, Smeaton, J.G, Smith, E, Smith, K, Smith, M, Snoch, A, Soares Lavra, L, Sokoloff, M.D, Soler, F.J. P, Solomin, A, Solovev, A, Solovyev, I, Song, R, Souza de Almeida, F.L, Souza de Paula, B, Spaan, B, Spadaro Norella, E, Spedicato, E, Spiridenkov, E, Spradlin, P, Sriskaran, V, Stagni, F, Stahl, M, Stahl, S, Stanislaus, S, Stein, E.N, Steinkamp, O, Stenyakin, O, Stevens, H, Stone, S, Strekalina, D, Su, Y.S, Suljik, F, Sun, J, Sun, L, Sun, Y, Svihra, P, Swallow, P.N, Swientek, K, Szabelski, A, Szumlak, T, Szymanski, M, Tan, Y, Taneja, S, Tat, M.D, Terentev, A, Teubert, F, Thomas, E, Thompson, D.J. D, Thomson, K.A, Tilquin, H, Tisserand, V, T’jampens, S, Tobin, M, Tomassetti, L, Tonani, G, Tong, X, Torres Machado, D, Tou, D.Y, Trilov, S.M, Trippl, C, Tuci, G, Tully, A, Tuning, N, Ukleja, A, Unverzagt, D.J, Usachov, A, Ustyuzhanin, A, Uwer, U, Vagner, A, Vagnoni, V, Valassi, A, Valenti, G, Valls Canudas, N, van Dijk, M, van Hecke, H, van Herwijnen, E, van Hulse, C.B, van Veghel, M, Vazquez Gomez, R, Vazquez Regueiro, P, Vázquez Sierra, C, Vecchi, S, Velthuis, J.J, Veltri, M, Venkateswaran, A, Veronesi, M, Vesterinen, M, Vieira, D, Vieites Diaz, M, Vilasis-Cardona, X, Vilella Figueras, E, Villa, A, Vincent, P, Volle, F.C, Vom Bruch, D, Vorobyev, A, Vorobyev, V, Voropaev, N, Vos, K, Vrahas, C, Waldi, R, Walsh, J, Wan, G, Wang, C, Wang, G, Wang, J, Wang, M, Wang, R, Wang, X, Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Ward, J.A, Watson, N.K, Websdale, D, Wei, Y, Westhenry, B.D. C, White, D.J, Whitehead, M, Wiederhold, A.R, Wiedner, D, Wilkinson, G, Wilkinson, M.K, Williams, I, Williams, M, Williams, M.R. J, Williams, R, Wilson, F.F, Wislicki, W, Witek, M, Witola, L, Wong, C.P, Wormser, G, Wotton, S.A, Wu, H, Wu, J, Wyllie, K, Xiang, Z, Xiao, D, Xie, Y, Xu, A, Xu, J, Xu, L, Xu, M, Xu, Q, Xu, Z, Yang, D, Yang, S, Yang, X, Yang, Y, Yang, Z, Yeomans, L.E, Yeroshenko, V, Yeung, H, Yin, H, Yu, J, Yuan, X, Zaffaroni, E, Zavertyaev, M, Zdybal, M, Zenaiev, O, Zeng, M, Zhang, C, Zhang, D, Zhang, L, Zhang, S, Zhang, Y, Zharkova, A, Zhelezov, A, Zheng, Y, Zhou, T, Zhou, X, Zhou, Y, Zhovkovska, V, Zhu, X, Zhu, Z, Zhukov, V, Zou, Q, Zucchelli, S, Zuliani, D, Zunica, G, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and LHCb
Subjects: J/psi(3100), p p: scattering, Hadron-Hadron Scattering, 13000 GeV-cms, Flavour Physics, branching ratio: ratio: measured, B Physics, +B%2Fs0+pi%2B%22">B/c+ --> B/s0 pi+, B/c+: hadronic decay, B/c: decay modes, pi+, +D%2Fs-+pi%2B%22">B/s0 --> D/s- pi+, LHC-B, +J%2Fpsi%283100%29+Phi%281020%29%22">B/s0 --> J/psi(3100) Phi(1020), intermediate state, error: statistical, CERN LHC Coll, B/s0: hadronic decay, B/s0: decay modes, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Branching fraction, +J%2Fpsi%283100%29+pi%2B%22">B/c+ --> J/psi(3100) pi+, p p: colliding beams, B/c: branching ratio, experimental results
Abstract: International audience; The ratio of branching fractions of $ {B}_c^{+}\to {B}_s^0{\pi}^{+} $ and $ {B}_c^{+}\to J/\psi {\pi}^{+} $ decays is measured with proton-proton collision data of a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data were collected with the LHCb experiment during 2016–2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb$^{−1}$. The $ {B}_s^0 $ mesons are reconstructed via the decays $ {B}_s^0\to J/\psi \phi $ and $ {B}_s^0\to {D}_s^{-}{\pi}^{+} $. The ratio of branching fractions is measured to be $ \mathcal{B}\left({B}_c^{+}\to {B}_s^0{\pi}^{+}\right)/\mathcal{B}\left({B}_c^{+}\to J/\psi {\pi}^{+}\right)=91\pm 10\pm 8\pm 3 $ where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic and the third is due to the knowledge of the branching fractions of the intermediate state decays.[graphic not available: see fulltext]
Published: 2023
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68. Refactoring the Example: Part I

Author: Freeman, Adam and Freeman, Adam
Published: 2012
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69. Enhancing upconversion of Nd3+ through Yb3+-mediated energy cycling towards temperature sensing

Author: Junshan He, Qinyuan Zhang, Peng Zhang, Feng Wang, Nan Song, Bo Zhou, and Songbin Liu
Subjects: Lanthanide, education.field_of_study, Photon, Nanostructure, Materials science, Population, General Chemistry, Photochemistry, Photon upconversion, Ion, Geochemistry and Petrology, Intermediate state, education, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: Photon upconversion of lanthanides has been a powerful means to convert low-energy photons into high-energy ones. However, in contrast to the mostly investigated lanthanide ions, it has remained a challenge for the efficient upconversion of Nd3+ due to the deleterious concentration quenching effect. Here we report an efficient strategy to enhance the upconversion of Nd3+ through the Yb3+-mediated energy cycling in a core-shell-shell nanostructure. Both Nd3+ and Yb3+ are confined in the interlayer, and the presence of Yb3+ in the Nd-sublattice provides a more matched energy for the upconversion transitions occurring at the intermediate state of Nd3+ towards much better population at its emissive levels. Moreover, this design also minimizes the possible cross-relaxation processes at both intermediate level and the emissive levels of Nd3+ which are the primary factors limiting the upconversion performance for the Nd3+-doped materials. Such energy cycling-enhanced upconversion shows promise in temperature sensing.
Published: 2021
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70. Phase reversal behavior on two-dimension plane of fluorinated graphene during defluorination

Author: Xiangyang Liu, Yang Liu, Kun Fan, Jiaxiang Liu, and Xu Wang
Subjects: Photoluminescence, Materials science, Graphene, Exciton, Quantum yield, General Chemistry, law.invention, law, Chemical physics, Phase (matter), Intermediate state, General Materials Science, Spontaneous emission, Ground state
Abstract: The inverse engineering of structure regulation on graphene plane is underexplored and challenging task because of its fast process and complicated dynamics. Here the slow-released defluorination for fluorinated graphene (FG) was successfully achieved, and we consequently found the “phase reversal” behavior on FG plane during defluorination firstly, rather than widely considered to be an arbitrary defluorination process. Before “phase reversal”, some aromatic regions of island phase generate and fluorinated regions with leading status are continuous phase. After “phase reversal”, the further increased aromatic regions link up into a single stretch as continuous phase reversedly and decreased fluorinated regions split into island phase. For special intermediate state (FG-12h) before “phase reversal”, the excitons of confining aromatic regions easily return to ground state through the radiative recombination pathway, which achieves the strong photoluminescence emission with a quantum yield of ∼56 %. Meanwhile, the produced radicals are relatively stable on the confining aromatic regions. Finally, obtained highly fluorescent FG-12h is applied for detection of Au3+ and its detection concentration is as low as 0.024 μM. This is not attributed to the charge interactions between C–F bonds and Au3+ but also the stable radicals enabling Au3+-radical interactions. Such detection also presents a good selectivity and reversibility.
Published: 2021
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71. Continuous Models for Genetic Evolution in Large Populations

Author: Chalub, Fabio A. C. C., Souza, Max O., Peixoto, Mauricio Matos, editor, Pinto, Alberto Adrego, editor, and Rand, David A., editor
Published: 2011
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72. Two-Photon Absorption and Applications to Biological Systems

Author: Collins, J., Bartolo, Baldassare Di, editor, and Collins, John, editor
Published: 2011
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73. Quantum Electrodynamics Without Feynman Diagrams

Author: Wüthrich, Adrian and Wüthrich, Adrian
Published: 2011
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74. Raman Scattering of Light by Quantum Rings in a Magnetic Field

Published: 2017
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75. The Evolution of the Phase Lags Associated with the Type-C Quasi-periodic Oscillation in GX 339–4 during the 2006/2007 Outburst

Author: Belloni, Tomaso [INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, via E. Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate (Italy)]
Published: 2017
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76. Large structural modulations in the relaxor ferroelectric and intermediate state of strontium rich members (x>0.6) of the Sr{sub x}Ba{sub 1−x}Nb{sub 2}O{sub 6} (sbn) solid solution series

Published: 2017
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77. Spin-dependent tunneling recombination in heterostructures with a magnetic layer

Author: Lähderanta, E. [Lappeenranta University of Technology (Finland)]
Published: 2017
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78. Highly sensitive and selective butanol sensors using the intermediate state nanocomposites converted from β-FeOOH to α-Fe2O3.

Author: Li, Minqiang, Li, Bo, Meng, Fanli, Liu, Jinyun, Yuan, Zhenyu, Wang, Chen, and Liu, Jinhuai
Subjects: *NANOCOMPOSITE materials, *BUTANOL, *INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry), *ORGANIC compounds, *CRYSTAL structure
Abstract: Highly sensitive and selective Fe-based gas sensors have been developed by intermediate state nanocomposites where Quasi-Amorphous Intermediate Phase (QUAIPH) and α-Fe 2 O 3 co-exist converting from fusiform β-FeOOH. TGA, SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, BET and XPS have been used to characterize the intermediate state nanocomposites. Experiment results reveal that the highest gas sensing performance towards n-butanol can be found when the fusiform β-FeOOH was calcined at 250 °C for one-hour, in which crystalline α-Fe 2 O 3 and QUAIPH co-exist. The highest response towards 100 ppm n-butanol is 145 which is the highest one for alcohols detection comparing with the reported α-Fe 2 O 3 based gas sensors. Besides, the intermediate state nanocomposites also exhibit high selectivity to n-butanol among common VOCs. At last, the sensing mechanism has been speculated, in which the structural hydroxyls may enrich the alcohols on the surface of the nanocomposites and prominently increase the response and selectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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79. Artificial Cysteine Bridges on the Surface of Green Fluorescent Protein Affect Hydration of Its Transition and Intermediate States.

Author: Melnik, T. N., Nagibina, G. S., Surin, A. K., Glukhova, K. A., and Melnik, B. S.
Subjects: *PROTEIN folding, *GREEN fluorescent protein, *GLOBULAR proteins, *INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry), *TRANSITION state theory (Chemistry), *CYSTEINE
Abstract: Studying the effect of cysteine bridges on different energy levels of multistage folding proteins will enable a better understanding of the process of folding and functioning of globular proteins. In particular, it will create prospects for directed change in the stability and rate of protein folding. In this work, using the method of differential scanning microcalorimetry, we have studied the effect of three cysteine bridges introduced in different structural elements of the green fluorescent protein on the denaturation enthalpies, activation energies, and heat-capacity increments when this protein passes from native to intermediate and transition states. The studies have allowed us to confirm that, with this protein denaturation, the process hardly damages the structure initially, but then changes occur in the protein structure in the region of 4-6 beta sheets. The cysteine bridge introduced in this region decreases the hydration of the second transition state and increases the hydration of the second intermediate state during the thermal denaturation of the green fluorescent protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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80. Applied Counterfactual Reasoning

Author: Hendrickson, Noel, Argamon, Shlomo, editor, and Howard, Newton, editor
Published: 2009
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81. Linear-XOR and Additive Checksums Don’t Protect Damgård-Merkle Hashes from Generic Attacks

Author: Gauravaram, Praveen, Kelsey, John, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, and Malkin, Tal, editor
Published: 2008
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82. State transitions of GX 339-4 during its outburst rising phase

Author: Q. C. Shui, Z. Chang, S. N. Zhang, Y. P. Chen, L. D. Kong, H. X. Yin, B. Ning, Peng Zhang, J. L. Qu, Y. F. Wang, P. J. Wang, J. X. Song, and H. F. Zhang
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Quasi-periodic oscillation, Accretion (meteorology), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Black hole, Soft state, Space and Planetary Science, Reflection (physics), Harmonic, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Intermediate state, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We investigate systematically four outbursts of black hole system GX 339-4 observed by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) in both spectral and timing domains and find that these outbursts have some common properties although they experience different 'q' tracks in the hardness-intensity diagram (HID). While the spectral indices are around 1.5 in low hard state (LHS), 2.4 in soft intermediate state (SIMS) and high soft state (HSS), the spectral parameters of thermal, non-thermal and reflection components vary significantly in transitions from LHS to HIMS. Also the quasi periodic oscillation (QPO) shows a peculiar behavior during the state transition between LHS and HIMS: the RMS drop of type C fundamental QPO is accompanied with showing-up of the second harmonic. Interestingly, the QPO RMS is found to have a similar linear relationship with the non-thermal fraction of emission in different outbursts. These findings provide more clues to our understanding the outburst of the black hole X-ray binary system., 13 papes, 12 figures
Published: 2021
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83. Unfolding of Dynamical Events in the Early Stage of Insulin Dimer Dissociation

Author: Sayantan Mondal, Subhajit Acharya, Biman Bagchi, and Saumyak Mukherjee
Subjects: Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical, Protein Folding, Chemistry, Hydrogen bond, Dimer, Energy landscape, Antiparallel (biochemistry), Surfaces, Coatings and Films, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemical physics, Metastability, Materials Chemistry, Native state, Insulin, Intermediate state, Molecule, Protein Conformation, beta-Strand, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Abstract: The dissociation of an insulin dimer is an important biochemical event that could also serve as a prototype of dissociations in similar biomolecular assemblies. We use a recently developed multidimensional free energy landscape for insulin dimer dissociation to unearth the microscopic and mechanistic aspects of the initial stages of the process that could hold the key to understanding the stability and the rate. The following sequence of events occurs in the initial stages: (i) The backbone hydrogen bonds break partially at the antiparallel β-sheet junction, (ii) the two α-helices (chain B) move away from each other while several residues (chain A) move closer, and (iii) a flow of adjacent water molecules occurs into the junction region. Interestingly, the intermonomeric center-to-center distance does not increase, but the number of native contacts exhibits a sharp decrease. Subsequent steps involve further disengagement of hydrophobic groups. This process is slow because of an entropic bottleneck created by the existence of the large configuration space available in the native state (NS), which is inhabited by low-frequency conformational fluctuations. We carry out a density-of-states analyses in the dimer NS to unearth distinctive features not present in the monomers. These low-frequency modes are also responsible for a large entropic stabilization of the NS. Hydrophobic disengagement in the early stage leads to the formation of a twisted intermediate state which itself is a metastable minimum (IS-1). The subsequent progress leads to another dimeric complex (IS-2), which is on the dissociative pathway and characterized by a further decrease in the native contacts. The dissociation process provides insights into the workings of a biomolecular assembly.
Published: 2021
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84. A general mechanism of KCNE1 modulation of KCNQ1 channels involving non-canonical VSD-PD coupling

Author: Sergei Y. Noskov, Marta E. Perez, Xiaoan Wu, and H. Peter Larsson
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, QH301-705.5, Voltage clamp, Medicine (miscellaneous), Rotation, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intermediate state, Myocytes, Cardiac, Biology (General), Ion transporter, Ion transport, Physics, Potassium channel, humanities, Coupling (electronics), 030104 developmental biology, Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated, Modulation, KCNQ1 Potassium Channel, Domain (ring theory), Biophysics, cardiovascular system, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Ion Channel Gating, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Voltage-gated KCNQ1 channels contain four separate voltage-sensing domains (VSDs) and a pore domain (PD). KCNQ1 expressed alone opens when the VSDs are in an intermediate state. In cardiomyocytes, KCNQ1 co-expressed with KCNE1 opens mainly when the VSDs are in a fully activated state. KCNE1 also drastically slows the opening of KCNQ1 channels and shifts the voltage dependence of opening by >40 mV. We here show that mutations of conserved residues at the VSD–PD interface alter the VSD–PD coupling so that the mutant KCNQ1/KCNE1 channels open in the intermediate VSD state. Using recent structures of KCNQ1 and KCNE beta subunits in different states, we present a mechanism by which KCNE1 rotates the VSD relative to the PD and affects the VSD–PD coupling of KCNQ1 channels in a non-canonical way, forcing KCNQ1/KCNE1 channels to open in the fully-activated VSD state. This would explain many of the KCNE1-induced effects on KCNQ1 channels., Wu et al. demonstrate that KCNE1 exerts its effects on potassium channel KCNQ1 function by regulating the coupling between the voltage-sensing domain and pore domain via KCNE1-induced rotation. As a consequence of this rotation, residue clashes occur that prohibit the formation of a conductive intermediate state conformation of the voltage sensor.
Published: 2021

85. Ultrafast dissociation of ammonia : Auger Doppler effect and redistribution of the internal energy

Author: Travnikova, O., Kukk, E., Hosseini, F., Granroth, S., Itälä, E., Marchenko, T., Guillemin, R., Ismail, I., Moussaoui, R., Journel, L., Bozek, J., Püttner, R., Krasnov, Pavel, Kimberg, Victor, Gel'mukhanov, Faris, Piancastelli, M. N., Simon, M., Travnikova, O., Kukk, E., Hosseini, F., Granroth, S., Itälä, E., Marchenko, T., Guillemin, R., Ismail, I., Moussaoui, R., Journel, L., Bozek, J., Püttner, R., Krasnov, Pavel, Kimberg, Victor, Gel'mukhanov, Faris, Piancastelli, M. N., and Simon, M.
Abstract: We study vibrationally-resolved resonant Auger (RAS) spectra of ammonia recorded in coincidence with the NH2+ fragment, which is produced in the course of dissociation either in the core-excited 1s−14a11 intermediate state or the first spectator 3a−24a11 final state. Correlation of the NH2+ ion flight times with electron kinetic energies allows directly observing the Auger-Doppler dispersion for each vibrational state of the fragment. The median distribution of the kinetic energy release EKER, derived from the coincidence data, shows three distinct branches as a function of Auger electron kinetic energy Ee: Ee + 1.75EKER = const for the molecular band; EKER = const for the fragment band; and Ee + EKER = const for the region preceding the fragment band. The deviation of the molecular band dispersion from Ee + EKER = const is attributed to the redistribution of the available energy to the dissociation energy and excitation of the internal degrees of freedom in the molecular fragment. We found that for each vibrational line the dispersive behavior of EKERvs. Ee is very sensitive to the instrumental uncertainty in the determination of EKER causing the competition between the Raman (EKER + Ee = const) and Auger (Ee = const) dispersions: increase in the broadening of the finite kinetic energy release resolution leads to a change of the dispersion from the Raman to the Auger one., QC 20221125
Published: 2022
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86. Characterization, Modeling, and Test of Intermediate State Defects in STT-MRAMs

Author: Wu, L. (author), Rao, Siddharth (author), Taouil, M. (author), Marinissen, Erik Jan (author), Kar, Gouri Sankar (author), Hamdioui, S. (author), Wu, L. (author), Rao, Siddharth (author), Taouil, M. (author), Marinissen, Erik Jan (author), Kar, Gouri Sankar (author), and Hamdioui, S. (author)
Abstract: The manufacturing process of STT-MRAM requires unique steps to fabricate and integrate magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) devices which are data-storing elements. Thus, understanding the defects in MTJs and their faulty behaviors are paramount for developing high-quality test solutions. This article applies the advanced device-aware test to intermediate (IM) state defects in MTJ devices based on silicon measurements and circuit simulations. An IM state manifests itself as an abnormal third resistive state, which differs from the two bi-stable states of MTJ. We performed silicon measurements on MTJ devices with diameter ranging from 60nm to 120nm; the results show that the occurrence probability of IM state strongly depends on the switching direction, device size, and bias voltage. We demonstrate that the conventional resistor-based fault modeling and test approach fails to appropriately model and test such a defect. Therefore, device-aware test is applied. We first physically model the defect and incorporate it into a Verilog-A MTJ compact model and calibrate it with silicon data. Thereafter, this model is used for a systematic fault analysis based on circuit simulations to obtain accurate and realistic faults in a pre-defined fault space. Our simulation results show that an IM state defect leads to intermittent write transition faults. Finally, we propose and implement a device-aware test solution to detect the IM state defect., Computer Engineering, Quantum & Computer Engineering
Published: 2022
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87. Vertigo and the Beetle out of the Box. On the Representation of Inner Mental States

Author: Holt, Martin and Tymieniecka, Anna-Teresa, editor
Published: 2007
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88. What Are Consistent Histories?

Author: Thorndike, Alan, Elitzur, Avshalom C., editor, Silverman, Mark P., editor, Tuszynski, Jack, editor, Vaas, Rüdiger, editor, Zeh, H. Dieter, editor, Evans, James, and Thorndike, Alan S.
Published: 2007
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89. Variable-Range Charge Hopping in DNA

Author: Berlin, Yuri A., Ratner, Mark A., Avouris, Phaedon, editor, Bhushan, Bharat, editor, Bimberg, Dieter, editor, von Klitzing, Klaus, editor, Sakaki, Hiroyuki, editor, Wiesendanger, Roland, editor, and Chakraborty, Tapash, editor
Published: 2007
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90. Mass Transfer at High Energies: Thomas Peak

Author: McGuire, James, Straton, Jack, Ishihara, Takeshi, and Drake, Gordon, editor
Published: 2006
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91. INTRINSICALLY INHOMOGENEOUS MAGNETIC STATES IN ANTIFERROMAGNETS

Author: Eremenko, V.V., Sirenko, V.A., Franse, Jaap, editor, Eremenko, Victor, editor, and Sirenko, Valentyna, editor
Published: 2006
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92. Linearization

Author: Hutter, Kolumban, Ursescu, Ana, van de Ven, Alfons A. F., Beig, R., editor, Beiglböck, W., editor, Domcke, W., editor, Englert, B.-G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hasinger, G., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, Löhneysen, H. v., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Hutter, Kolumban, Ursescu, Ana, and van de Ven, Alfons A. F.
Published: 2006
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93. Reduction of Storage Requirement by Checkpointing for Time-Dependent Optimal Control Problems in ODEs

Author: Sternberg, Julia, Griewank, Andreas, Bücker, Martin, editor, Corliss, George, editor, Naumann, Uwe, editor, Hovland, Paul, editor, and Norris, Boyana, editor
Published: 2006
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94. Structural insights into the light-driven auto-assembly process of the water-oxidizing Mn4CaO5-cluster in photosystem II

Author: Miao Zhang, Martin Bommer, Ruchira Chatterjee, Rana Hussein, Junko Yano, Holger Dau, Jan Kern, Holger Dobbek, and Athina Zouni
Subjects: Thermosynechococcus elongatus, apo-PSII X-ray structure, Mn4CaO5-cluster depletion, assembly/disassembly of Photosystem II, photo-activation, intermediate state, Medicine, Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, Photosystem II (PSII) catalyzes the light-driven splitting of water at a protein-bound Mn4CaO5-cluster, the water-oxidizing complex (WOC). In the photosynthetic organisms, the light-driven formation of the WOC from dissolved metal ions is a key process because it is essential in both initial activation and continuous repair of PSII. Structural information is required for understanding of this chaperone-free metal-cluster assembly. For the first time, we obtained a structure of PSII from Thermosynechococcus elongatus without the Mn4CaO5-cluster. Surprisingly, cluster-removal leaves the positions of all coordinating amino acid residues and most nearby water molecules largely unaffected, resulting in a pre-organized ligand shell for kinetically competent and error-free photo-assembly of the Mn4CaO5-cluster. First experiments initiating (i) partial disassembly and (ii) partial re-assembly after complete depletion of the Mn4CaO5-cluster agree with a specific bi-manganese cluster, likely a di-µ-oxo bridged pair of Mn(III) ions, as an assembly intermediate.
Published: 2017
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95. Survival Analysis of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Iranian Patients: A Multistate Model

Author: Rasoul Najafi, Jalal Poorolajal, Fatemeh Amiri, Meysam Olfati Far, and Ghodrat Roshanaei
Subjects: Medicine (General), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), business.industry, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), medicine.disease_cause, Virology, multistate model, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), intermediate state, R5-920, tuberculosis, Medicine, business, Survival analysis
Abstract: Background and Aim: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), is a chronic and potentially life-threatening disease. Numerous factors affect its development and progression. Therefore, the present study attempted to identify characteristics impacting the prognosis and progression of AIDS using multistate models. Methods & Materials: The present retrospective study consisted of 2185 patients affected with HIV referring to Behavioral Disease Counseling Centers in Tehran City, Iran, from 2004 to 2013. We considered multiple states of AIDS, tuberculosis, and tuberculosis/AIDS in the natural history of the disease (from the onset of HIV disease until death occurred). Then, we applied the multistate models, to examine the effect of contextual demographic and clinical variables on survival time; subsequently, the transition probabilities of HIV. Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1396.117). Results: HIV-Related deaths in individuals with an incarnation history were 2.40 times higher than in those without the prison history. Death risk was also 1.70 and 1.80 times higher in those aged 25-44 and 44 years, respectively, compared to the individuals aged less than 25 years. An inverse relationship was also found between CD4 levels and the risk of death in our participants. Conclusion: Antiretroviral therapy, CD4 count, age, and history of imprisonment were the main factors in the progression of the disease and subsequent death in HIV patients. Thus, preventing the further spread of the disease to the community and controlling the disease in the patients requires targeted educational and therapeutic interventions; accordingly, the community will be familiarized with transmission routes and the preventing principle of disease. Furthermore, we can encourage patients to visit the healthcare centers early.
Published: 2021
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96. Carrier Pathway for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation with Intermediate State in n-type GaN Compared with Route of Anodic Corrosion

Author: Shinichiro Nakamura, Takenari Goto, Katsushi Fujii, Masakazu Sugiyama, Kayo Koike, and Satoshi Wada
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Corrosion, Anode, General Energy, Semiconductor, Chemical engineering, Intermediate state, Energy transformation, Water splitting, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: Photoelectrochemical water splitting is a solar-to-chemical energy conversion technique. However, when n-type nonoxide semiconductors are used as photoanodes, they corrode, which is a competitive r...
Published: 2021
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97. Towards a Statistical Geometrodynamics

Author: Caticha, Ariel, Beig, R., editor, Englert, G., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hänggi, P., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Hillebrandt, W., editor, Imboden, D., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Lipowsky, R., editor, v. Löhneysen, H., editor, Ojima, I., editor, Sornette, D., editor, Theisen, S., editor, Weise, W., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, and Elze, Hans-Thomas, editor
Published: 2004
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98. Two Intermediate States in Exchange Biased [Co/Pt]2/Co layers and Possible Applications of These States

Author: Yoon, Seungha
Published: 2020
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99. Mysel’s Formula for Small Vibrations Superimposed Upon Large Static Deformations of Piezoelastic Bodies

Author: Irschik, Hans, Pichler, Uwe, Gladwell, G. M. L., editor, Watanabe, K., editor, and Ziegler, F., editor
Published: 2003
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100. The Hidden Computation Steps of Turbo Abstract State Machines

Author: Fruja, Nicu G., Stärk, Robert F., Goos, Gerhard, editor, Hartmanis, Juris, editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, editor, Börger, Egon, editor, Gargantini, Angelo, editor, and Riccobene, Elvinia, editor
Published: 2003
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