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MRI is an expensive and traditionally time‐intensive modality in imaging. With the paradigm shift toward value‐based healthcare, radiology departments must examine the entire MRI process cycle to identify opportunities to optimize efficiency and enhance value for patients. Digital tools such as "frictionless scheduling" prioritize patient preference and convenience, thereby delivering patient‐centered care. Recent advances in conventional and deep learning‐based accelerated image reconstruction methods have reduced image acquisition time to such a degree that so‐called nongradient time now constitutes a major percentage of total room time. For this reason, architectural design strategies that reconfigure patient preparation processes and decrease the turnaround time between scans can substantially impact overall throughput while also improving patient comfort and privacy. Real‐time informatics tools that provide an enterprise‐wide overview of MRI workflow and Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)‐integrated instant messaging can complement these efforts by offering transparent, situational data and facilitating communication between radiology team members. Finally, long‐term investment in training, recruiting, and retaining a highly skilled technologist workforce is essential for building a pipeline and team of technologists committed to excellence. Here, we highlight various opportunities for optimizing MRI workflow and enhancing value by offering many of our own on‐the‐ground experiences and conclude by anticipating some of the future directions for process improvement and innovation in clinical MR imaging. Evidence Level: N/A Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oncogenic types of human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection cause substantial morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. Nigeria has low cervical cancer screening and vaccination rates, suggesting the need for community engagement to enhance reach and uptake. We organised a designathon to identify community-led, innovative approaches to promote HPV screening and vaccination for women and girls, respectively, in Nigeria. A designathon is a three-phase participatory process informed by design thinking that includes the preparation phase that includes soliciting innovative ideas from end-users, an intensive collaborative event to co-create intervention components, and follow-up activities. Methods: We organised a three-phase designathon for women (30-65yrs) and girls (11-26yrs) in Nigeria. First, we launched a national crowdsourcing open call for ideas on community-driven strategies to support HPV screening among women and vaccination among girls. The open call was promoted widely on social media and at in-person gatherings. All eligible entries were graded by judges and 16 exceptional teams (with 4-6members each). All six geo-political zones of Nigeria were invited to join an in-person event held over three days in Lagos to refine their ideas and present them to a panel of expert judges. The ideas from teams were reviewed and scored based on relevance, feasibility, innovation, potential impact, and mother-daughter team dynamics. We present quantitative data on people who submitted and themes from the textual submissions. Results: We received a total of 612 submissions to the open call from mother-daughter dyads. Participants submitted ideas via a website designated for the contest (n = 392), in-person (n = 99), email (n = 31), or via an instant messaging application (n = 92). Overall, 470 were eligible for judging after initial screening. The average age of participants for daughters was 19 years and 39 years for mothers. Themes from the top 16 proposals included leveraging local leaders (5/16), faith-based networks (4/16), educational systems (4/16), and other community networks (7/16) to promote awareness of cervical cancer prevention services. After an in-person collaborative event, eight teams were selected to join an innovation training boot camp, for capacity building to implement ideas. Conclusions: Innovative strategies are needed to promote HPV screening for mothers and vaccination for girls in Nigeria. Our designathon was able to facilitate Nigerian mother-daughter teams to develop cervical cancer prevention strategies. Implementation research is needed to assess the effectiveness of these strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study offers valuable insights into family needs and interaction patterns regarding the use of information and communications technologies (ICT) in everyday life. Given that ICT has become an important part of everyday family life, it is essential to comprehensively explore family interactions related to experiences with digital technologies. Within the DigiGen project, 30 interviews involving 10 families were conducted with children aged 5 to 10 years and their family members in Estonia. The aim of the study was to identify the interaction patterns regarding ICT use that emerge between family members in daily life and the daily family needs that are accompanied by ICT use. Thematic analysis was carried out to identify the main themes in the data. Four primary themes of family needs and interaction patterns regarding the use of ICT in everyday life – satisfying needs in family life, the roles of family members, conflicts/disagreements in family life and family rules and negotiation – are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines how intrinsic message characteristics (i.e. call to action, negative emotions, and informality) drive online information engagement (i.e. the numbers of likes and retweets). We also explore how the veracity of information (i.e. misinformation vs. accurate information) is intertwined with negative emotions in promoting online information engagement. Analyses of 472 tweets demonstrate that tweets with higher anger-laden words were more likely to be retweeted. By contrast, those with higher anxiety-laden words and more informal language were more likely to receive likes. Regarding the interaction between distinct emotions and the veracity of information, the results showed that anger-laden misinformation tended to be retweeted more and received more likes from users whereas anger-laden accurate information received fewer likes. Further, anxiety-laden accurate information received more likes. This study contributes to existing scholarship surrounding online information engagement by illustrating how intrinsic message features are differentially associated with liking and retweeting behaviours. Our findings also provide practical implications on how messages should be tailored to encourage engagement on social media and devise effective countermeasures to curb the potentially detrimental effects of anger when used for the purposes of misinformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shift to service and gig economy and increasing polymediality have created communicative contexts where the workers have to construct varying social relations in different kinds of digital and text-based interaction environments. This article examines how transprofessional collaboration is managed in such contexts in the field of applied arts. Based on email and mobile messaging data, we study a project where an artist creates an installation artwork for the use of an organisation. By applying the methods of conversation analysis, we investigate text-based requests and news delivery sequences related to applying for external project funding. Our results show how the participants negotiate the aspects of knowledge, power and emotion within these sequences, and by doing so, maintain mutual professional relationships and display various levels of commitment to the continuation of the project. The article illuminates the facets of transprofessional collaboration in digital professional communication and in atypical work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Providing effective health education is essential for patients with cancer-related pain. One solution is leveraging instant messaging tools for teach-back health education. OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effects of WeChat-based teach-back health education on patients with advanced cancer who underwent patient-controlled intrathecal analgesia implantation and used hydromorphone. METHODS: This retrospective study evaluated 150 hospitalized patients with advanced cancer pain. Patients were classified into a conventional health education group (N = 50) and a teach-back group (N = 100) based on whether they received WeChatbased teach-back health education. Pain was rated using a numeric rating scale, and sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index at one, two, and three months postdischarge. FINDINGS: Patients who received remote teachback health education better managed their pain. Data also demonstrated improvements in patients' sleep quality and caregiver satisfaction, and reductions in the occurrence of adverse reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Deep discussions play an important role in students' online learning. However, researchers have largely focused on engaging students in deep discussions in online asynchronous forums. Few studies have investigated how to promote deep discussion via mobile instant messaging (MIM). Objectives: In this study, we applied learning analytical tools (i.e., KBdeX and word clouds) to enhance students' shared epistemic agency and thereby support their deep discussions in MIM. Methods: Forty Chinese college students participated in this study and reflected on their MIM engagement by participating in the learning analytics (LA)‐augmented meta‐discourse sessions. The study used multiple data analysis methods, including content analysis, statistical analysis, epistemic network analysis and lag sequential analysis. Results: We found that LA engaged students in deep discussions and shared epistemic agency‐related discourse, such as creating shared understanding, creating knowledge objects, and projective and regulative processes. In particular, word clouds engaged students in more complete shared epistemic agency discourse trajectory which started from creating awareness of unknowns, then progressed to setting projective plans and sharing information, and ultimately, creating shared understanding. Moreover, our analysis indicated that epistemic agency discourse moves of creating shared understanding led students to a high level of deep discussion. Implications: This study contributes to research by extending the 'comparison paradigm', which focuses on comparing (a)synchronous forums with MIM, to a 'design paradigm', which mobilises design features from (a)synchronous forums to MIM and using learning analytical tools to engage students in deep online discussions by promoting their epistemic agency. Lay Description: What is known in this subject matter: Supporting students' online deep discussions is important.Prior studies have shown multiple technological and pedagogical strategies to support deep discussions in (a)synchronous discussion forums, but few studies in mobile instant messaging (MIM).MIM is a quasi‐synchronous tool. It is difficult to transform the traditional external scaffolds (i.e., scripts or teachers' facilitation) which promote deep discussions from (a)synchronous forums to MIM. What this paper adds to this: We constructed a design framework which used learning analytical tools‐augmented meta‐discourse to engage students in shared epistemic agency discourse moves to promote their deep discussion in MIM.We conducted multiple types of analyses (content analysis, statistical analysis, epistemic network analysis and lag sequential analysis) on students' WeChat message (a major MIM in China).Results indicated both learning analytical tools helped engage students in shared epistemic agency discourse moves, such as creating shared understanding, creating knowledge objects, projective and regulative, thus, to promote students' deep discussions. Word cloud especially engaged students in more complete shared epistemic agency discourse trajectory. Moreover, analysis results indicated that shared epistemic agency discourse moves of creating shared understanding would lead students to a high level of deep discussions. Implications of study findings for practitioners: Our study provides a feasible way to educational practitioners who want to promote students' deep discussions in their online learning course (both fully online and flipped classroom mode).Knowledge Building Discourse Explorer (KBDeX presents the original analysis results of students' written messages in discussion forums as socio‐cognitive networks.) could be implemented in the classroom. The objective is to encourage students to understand the importance of connecting with peers' ideas in a one‐session implementation period.If time allows, teachers could use word cloud and meta‐discourse to engage students in socio‐metacognitive conversations in class to promote their shared epistemic agency discourse in online discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Dr. Google" has long been a resource for health information-seeking individuals. With the well-established presence of artificial intelligence in the healthcare world, it is reasonable to imagine that ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence-powered online chatbot, could become the next outlet for seeking medical advice online. Similar to Mika et al, this study aims to analyze the ChatGPT's ability to answer frequently asked questions (FAQs) regarding total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Ten FAQs regarding TSA were presented to ChatGPT and initial responses were recorded and analyzed against evidence-based literature. Responses were rated as "excellent response requiring no clarification," "satisfactory response requiring minimal clarification," "satisfactory response requiring moderate clarification," or "unsatisfactory response requiring substantial clarification." Only one response from ChatGPT was rated unsatisfactory and required substantial clarification. While no responses received an excellent rating, the average rating was considered to only require minimal or moderate clarification. ChatGPT was able to provide largely accurate responses to FAQs regarding TSA while appropriately reiterating the importance of always consulting a medical professional. ChatGPT could prove to be another avenue for supplementary medical information regarding TSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online peer feedback has become prevalent in university writing classes due to the widespread use of peer learning technology. This paper reports an exploratory study of Chinese-speaking undergraduate students' experiences of receiving and reflecting on online peer feedback for text revision in an English as a second language (L2) writing classroom at a northeastern-Chinese university. Twelve students were recruited from an in-person writing class taught in English by a Chinese-speaking instructor and asked to write and revise their English persuasive essays. The students sought online peer feedback asynchronously using an instant messaging platform (QQ), completed the revision worksheet that involved coding and reflecting on the peer feedback received, and wrote second drafts. Data included students' first and second drafts, online peer feedback, analytic writing rubrics, revision worksheets, and semi-structured interviews. The quantitative analysis of students writing performance indicated that peer feedback led to students' revisions produced meaningful improvements in the scores between drafts. The results of qualitative analyses suggested that: (1) the primary focus of peer feedback was content; (2) students generally followed peer feedback, but ignored disagreements with their peers; (3) students strategically asked for clarification from peers on the QQ platform when feedback was unclear or confusing while collecting information from the internet, e-dictionaries, and Grammarly; and (4) students thought they benefited from experiencing the peer-mediated revision process. Based on the results, we provide recommendations and instructional guidance for university writing instructors for scaffolding L2 students' text revision practices through receiving and reflecting on online peer feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The elderly population continues to grow, this population has many chronic conditions, which is why they take multiple pills at the same time, this situation makes it difficult for them to take their medications at the appropriate time, which can cause health complications and even death. death. The objective of this research is to improve medication adherence using a medication dispenser that allows authenticating medication consumption accurately with a high level of usability. To do this, we implemented a dispenser with an alarm system that can be configured from a graphical interface, with internet of things (IoT) to remotely monitor the intake of pills and authenticate their consumption through artificial vision that will use the instant messaging system to inform the caregiver about the situation and finally measure the dispenser usability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kriptografi adalah ilmu yang digunakan untuk mengamankan pesan agar hanya dapat dibaca oleh pihak yang berwenang. Salah satu teknik kriptografi yang umum digunakan adalah RSA dan El-Gamal. RSA adalah teknik kriptografi asimetris yang menggunakan kunci publik dan kunci pribadi untuk enkripsi dan dekripsi pesan. Sementara El-Gamal adalah teknik kriptografi yang juga asimetris, tetapi menggunakan operasi eksponensial modular pada bilangan prima sebagai dasar dari Algoritmenya. Pada paper ini akan dibahas kombinasi Teknik Algoritme RSA dan El-Gamal untuk mempersulit memecahkan pesan bagi pihak yang tidak punya kepentingan. Dalam metode ini, pesan dienkripsi dengan El-Gamal menggunakan kunci sesi yang hanya diketahui oleh pengirim dan penerima. Kunci sesi ini kemudian dienkripsi dengan RSA untuk memastikan bahwa hanya penerima yang dapat membaca pesan tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diusulkan mampu menyulitkan pembacaan pesan bagi pihak yang tidak berkepentingan dibandingkan dengan menggunakan RSA atau El-Gamal secara terpisah dengan menggunakan menggunakan metode penyerangan baby step-giant step.

Chat-based counseling hotlines emerged as a promising low-threshold intervention for youth mental health. However, despite the resulting availability of large text corpora, little work has investigated Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications within this setting. Therefore, this preregistered approach (OSF: XA4PN) utilizes a sample of approximately 19,000 children and young adults that received a chat consultation from a 24/7 crisis service in Germany. Around 800,000 messages were used to predict whether chatters would contact the service again, as this would allow the provision of or redirection to additional treatment. We trained an XGBoost Classifier on the words of the anonymized conversations, using repeated cross-validation and bayesian optimization for hyperparameter search. The best model was able to achieve an AUROC score of 0.68 (p < 0.01) on the previously unseen 3942 newest consultations. A shapely-based explainability approach revealed that words indicating younger age or female gender and terms related to self-harm and suicidal thoughts were associated with a higher chance of recontacting. We conclude that NLP-based predictions of recurrent contact are a promising path toward personalized care at chat hotlines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of self-care intervention using a mobile instant messenger on hemodialysis patient`s knowledge, self-efficacy, self-care behavior and physiological indices. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The participants consisted of 38 patients who had a regular hemodialysis of Seoul National University Hospital. They were assigned to one of two groups; an experimental group (n = 19) that had self-care intervention for 8 weeks and a control groups (n = 19) that had routine hemodialysis treatment. The data collection was conducted from September 5, 2022 to October 29, 2022. The date were analyzed by Chi-square test, Independent t-test, and Fisher`s exact test using SPSS Win 29 program. Results: There was a significant difference in self-efficacy (t = 3.42, p = .002) between experimental and control groups. There was no significant differences between the two groups in knowledge (t = 0.80, p = .428), self-care behavior (t = 0.09, p = .929), potassium (t = -0.82 p = .416), phosphorus (t = -0.03, p = .974), weight gain (t = 0.16, p = .867). Conclusion: Based on above results, it was verified that self-care intervention in this study was an effective indicator in improving the self-efficacy. There is a requirement to formulate comprehensive interventions capable of enhancing various indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Beta-thalassemia major (B-TM) is an inherited hematological disease that affects nearly 300 million people worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of group-based mobile learning on stress, anxiety, depression, and pain among beta-thalassemia major patients. Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical study was conducted on 48 patients with beta-thalassemia major in Jahrom, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to the control and intervention groups. Their partners in the intervention group were trained in self-care through mobile learning. The 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale and a visual analog scale for pain assessment were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using the Statistical package for the Social Sciences version 23.0. Results: Although there was no significant difference between the control and intervention groups in the mean pre-test scores of depression (P = .21), anxiety (P = .05), stress (P = .48), and pain (P = .46), the mean post-test scores of depression, anxiety, and stress in the intervention group were significantly lower than the control group (P = .0001). The mean scores of depression (P = .33), anxiety (P = .74), stress (P = .83), and pain (P = .6) did not change significantly in the control group, while all these mean scores decreased significantly in the intervention group for DASS (P = .001) and pain (P = .002). Conclusion: Group-based mobile learning is effective in reducing depression, anxiety, stress, and pain in B-TM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In organizations, employees actively manage the immediacy with which they respond to instant messages to cope with mobile connectivity overload caused by continuous interactions. This research conducted a naturalistic observational design to examine real-life mobile connectivity behaviors in organizations and measure their occupational well-being consequences. Specifically, we focused on the use of a feature (WhatsApp's blue checkmark) that enables senders to know precisely when recipients choose to read their messages. In the study, 192 participants sent important messages to their supervisors through WhatsApp. The study used Confirmatory Factor Analysis and moderation analyses to explore the relationship between supervisors' attentiveness (indicated by WhatsApp's blue checkmark), negative emotions, work engagement, and the quality of leader-member exchange (LMX). Drawing on the perspective of 'digital well-being,' we investigated the role of relationship quality between supervisors and employees (LMX) as a moderator. We hypothesized that relationship quality would buffer against negative feelings and decreased work engagement when employees await a response after sending important messages to their supervisors. Indeed, supervisor's inattentiveness was positively correlated with negative affect and negatively correlated with employee engagement. Surprisingly, we found that employees with strong relationship quality (high LMX) with their supervisors experienced lower work engagement while waiting for an indication that their message had been read. These results suggest that timely indications of message read by supervisors play an important role in mitigating negative emotions and fostering higher work engagement among employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, different types of context information are integrated into mobile messaging to increase expressiveness and awareness, including mobile device setting, location, activity, and heart rate. Due to low recognition accuracy, sometimes users cannot accurately infer others' status through activity awareness. Recently, activity recognition technology has advanced. However, the user behaviors of activity awareness with improved technology have not been studied. In this study, we design ActAware, a mobile instant messaging application that integrates activity awareness based on improved activity recognition technology, i.e., improved recognition accuracy and the addition of activity transition notification. We conduct a field study to explore user behaviors and found that activity awareness allows users to speculate on the reasons for chat interruption, plan communication, speculate on whether the chat partner is departing/arriving, and deepen the understanding of living patterns. Compared with disclosing other types of context information, users have fewer privacy concerns about disclosing activity information in ActAware. Based on these findings, we provide design recommendations for mobile messaging to better support activity awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collaboration relies on efficient communication among developers. Many development teams use instant messaging owing to its synchronous and real‐time nature. Despite the convenience provided by instant messaging, developers spend a great amount of time on handling information and task interruption. Consequently, productivity of developers and effectiveness of collaboration are declined. To address the issue, this work introduces an aggressive methodology of noise blocking. The methodology appropriately prioritizes messages based on collaboration requirements. A message which is not urgent for developers to collaborate with others is defined as noise, and such message is blocked to stop unnecessary interruption. To evaluate the proposed methodology, this work conducts experiments on datasets collected from real‐world projects. Then, a noise analysis tool—message analyzer for instant notification of information (MINI)—is implemented. The evaluation results show that noise hinders collaboration significantly because almost half of messages are noise. When MINI is applied, more than 80% of noise is identified, and at most 91.6% of time wasted in noise for the whole team is saved. The proposed noise blocking methodology shows promising results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Web 2.0 technologies have had a significant impact on collaborative communication practices in teaching, learning, and professional work environments. In translation studies, computer-supported collaborative translation tasks have mainly been discussed within the project-based learning framework, where research has foregrounded correlations between collaboration and performance. However, trainees' specific uses of collaborative tools, including transcripts of real-time exchanges, have neither been sufficiently investigated nor informed pedagogical strategies and approaches in any tangible way. This study bridges this gap by evaluating trainees' collaborative practices while they translated a text, localized a restaurant menu, and simulated the design and launch of a language service agency. Data was gathered from a questionnaire, in-class presentations, and real-time instant messaging (IM) transcripts. Data analysis of the real-time IM exchanges unveiled considerable trainee communicative practices during collaborative tasks. Furthermore, correlations were established between the volume of instant messages, time of exchange, role played by trainees, and conversation themes with the teams' final assessment performances. This study provided valuable insights into the effectiveness of IM as a collaborative tool in training environments. It also informed our suggested guidelines for properly integrating IM into the translator training curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spanish universities still face many barriers to the training of people with disabilities, especially with intellectual disabilities (ID). In general, continuing higher education courses are the main training response for the latter. Knowing the impact that confinement by COVID-19 has had on the students of these courses is a relevant element. The present investigation focused on analyzing the case of the confinement experience of 12 young students with ID who attended the continuing training program called Unidiversidad at the University of Alcalá (Spain). In particular, the implications on their emotional well-being, interpersonal relationships, and individual training were analyzed. Information was collected through a semi-structured interview with the students and a questionnaire with their relatives. The results reflect changes in emotional well-being linked to the increased concern of students for the health of their families. Interpersonal relationships were also affected, although participants tried to compensate for the lack of face-to-face interaction with instant messaging applications and video calls. The change in training to the online modality generated concern and uncertainty in students, although it also provided learning opportunities, which have been supported by peer tutoring and support from teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There have been notable shifts in the acquisition of anabolic androgenic steroids over time, with face-to-face (within gyms) and online supply (e.g. internet forums, crypto-markets/darknet, and pharmacies) being popular locations to source and acquire these drugs. Fresh evidence suggests that social media facilitates the supply of anabolic androgenic steroids, however, no study has exclusively examined this phenomenon. This investigation sheds light on the supply of anabolic androgenic steroids over two major social media platforms: (i) Instagram; and (ii) TikTok. Digital ethnographic observations were conducted to identify and observe marketing strategies and supply methods. The findings reveal: (1) public sale and advertisement of anabolic androgenic steroids via two distinct supplier types (i) direct suppliers (individuals and laboratories/shop accounts); and (ii) influencers (referring custom to third-party websites); (2) marketing techniques, including images of products, flash-sales, and discount codes; (3) delivery methods; (4) messaging platforms; and (5) payment. Social media platforms facilitate the supply of anabolic androgenic steroids, increasing accessibility to these drugs. This, we argue, disproportionately affects younger, more vulnerable, and less informed populations. These findings ought to be considered within wider discussions related to harm reduction, providing policy makers with evidence to strengthen such calls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzed the content, visual features, and audience engagement data of Instagram posts from two mental health organizations over one year (N = 725). For content features, mental health literacy and communicative strategies were examined. Posts that promoted knowledge of mental disorders and treatments, used information and community strategy were more likely to receive higher audience engagement. Visual features of demographic segments, visual composition, and visual framing topics were analyzed. Images that covered an unspecific population, used illustrated images, and focused on anti-stigma topical frames obtained more engagement. Theoretical contributions and practical applications regarding visual message design and management on social media to promote mental health are also offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile instant messaging services such as WhatsApp have become increasingly relevant among citizens in recent years. By a quantitative approach based on a survey (n=1,202), our objective is to find out why citizens use WhatsApp and, to be more specific, why they use the WhatsApp service offered by the city council of the municipality of residence where they live. The results show how age, gender, and the respondents' educational level are related to the different uses they make of WhatsApp, especially concerning actions related to participation. Second, the local government WhatsApp service still has an intermediate penetration among citizens, so there is much room for improvement. Finally, the data reveals that age and gender determine the uses of the City Council WhatsApp service. These findings provide interesting data for local governments to improve the relationship with citizens through this mobile communication tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate vaccine promotion messages, examine the heterogeneous effects of these messages and provide experimental evidence to help evaluate the efficiency of COVID-19 vaccine promotion campaigns in Hungary. This study presents the results of three randomised survey experiments that were embedded in cross-sectional, representative, public opinion studies of Hungarian adults based on in-person interviews. Simple randomisation and blinding were applied to assign participants into the control group (no message) or treatment groups (vaccine promotion messages). The first experiment (March 2021) aimed to test vaccination promotion messages from politicians (N = 331) and medical experts (N = 342) by comparing experimental groups' trust in vaccines and conspiratorial beliefs with the control group (N = 327). The second experiment (September 2022) tested the impact of two communication strategies ([1] highlighting the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, N = 104; and [2] highlighting the wide variety of vaccines available, N = 110) on increasing vaccine uptake among those who were still unvaccinated (control group, N = 89). The third experiment (September 2022) tested one message aiming to increase COVID-19 booster uptake among those who received only the first round of vaccination (N = 172; control group, N = 169). The outcome variable in the second and third experiments was intent to get vaccinated. Robust regressions, logit models, Mann–Whitney U-tests and model-based recursive partitioning were run. The inference criteria (p < 0.05) was set in pre-registration of the experiments. All treatment effects were insignificant, but exploratory research found significant conditional treatment effects. Exposure to vaccine promotion by medical professionals was associated with a higher level of trust in Russian and Chinese COVID-19 vaccines in older age cohorts (weighted robust regressions, 50–59 years old, Russian vaccine: +0.769, interaction term [i.t.] p = 0.010; Chinese vaccine: +0.326, i.t. p = 0.044; and ≥60 years old, Russian vaccine +0.183, i.t. p = 0.040; Chinese vaccine +0.559, i.t. p = 0.010) and with a lower level of trust in these vaccines among younger adults (<30 years old, Russian vaccine: −1.236, i.t. p = 0.023; Chinese vaccine: −1.281, i.t. p = 0.022). Receiving a vaccine promotion message from politicians led to a higher level of trust in Chinese vaccines among the oldest respondents (≥60 years: +0.634, i.t. p = 0.035). Short-term persuasion attempts that aimed to convince respondents about COVID-19 vaccination were ineffective. Booster hesitancy, similar to primary vaccine hesitancy, was resistant to vaccine promotion messages. Significant conditional effects suggest that COVID-19 vaccine promotion by medical experts and politicians may have had adverse effects for some demographic groups in Hungary. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the mechanisms of work interruptions is crucial for reducing employee strain and maintaining performance. For this purpose, a study was conducted that examined how different interruptions and different characteristics of an interruption affect employees' self-reported exhaustion. Specifically, a survey examined the effect of work interruptions due to different interruption types (email, short message, call, person) from different senders (e.g. supervisor, colleague) and with different contents (e.g. new task, relevant information). Data were gathered from 492 office workers in Germany during one working day. Structural equation models were calculated to assess mediation and moderation to answer the question to what extent characteristics of work interruptions have a negative impact on employees´ burnout symptoms. The results indicate that work interruptions cannot be examined purely on the basis of the frequency but must be considered in relation to the resulting overload, whereby different characteristics of work interruptions have different effects for the interrupted person. The results underline the importance of considering work interruptions in a more complex way than has previously been done to derive guidelines for human-friendly digital work design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern society changed the way of communication: instead of communicating face-to-face, people more often communicate using text-based instant messaging (IM) applications. These applications use appropriate protocols to facilitate communication between end users. It is crucial to ensure both the security and an adequate level of privacy for end users. Many existing protocols having the same purpose might be considered potentially suspicious. The reason for this is the usage of encryption - encrypted traffic is often targeted by mass surveillance tools. This paper presents a novel protocol named StegaCloak. By combining cryptography with steganography, this protocol enhances security and privacy in modern text-based IM communication. Furthermore, it addresses one important weakness of other similar protocols - detectability, by hiding real communication within regular chat messages. We described our protocol using two approaches: a simple diagram of messages flow and formal protocol flow notation. The proposed protocol is compared to some of the most well-known IM protocols today, OTR and Signal. Its security is verified using the AVISPA tool, a tool designed for the formal verification of security protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The health crisis of the last 3 years has revealed the weaknesses of the child and family support system based on the professional use of digital resources in social agencies. This study addresses three aims: to examine the level of professional digital competence; to analyze the user profiles in a variety of digital resources; and to test the impact of level of competences and user profiles on four aspects: professional practice, family satisfaction with the services, child and family wellbeing, and family autonomy in the exercise of the parenting role. Methods: Participants were 148 practitioners from social agencies who voluntarily responded to an online survey with 47 questions. Results and discussion: Results showed that professionals perceive themselves as more competent in areas of information / data management and communication / collaboration than in the creation of digital content, security measures, and technical problem solving. Websites, email, and instant messaging were the sources more frequently used and with higher satisfaction, than structured programs, social networks and multimedia content. Variability in the user profiles showed three clusters: Cluster 1 Social network user (n = 13), Cluster 2 Diversified user (n = 75) and Cluster 3 Communicative instant user (n = 60). Participants in Cluster 2 compared to those in the other clusters were the most proficient on their digital competences and acknowledge the positive impact of digital resources on their professional practice and the psychological and social wellbeing of families. This study points the need for improvement in professionals' digital competences in some of the measured areas and the user profile of digital resources since both provide benefits on professional practice and family autonomy and wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The effects of technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake on health outcomes in adults are inconclusive. Effective intervention characteristics associated with sodium reduction have yet to be identified. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, searching randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 2000 and April 2023 across 5 databases (PROSPERO: CRD42022357905). Meta-analyses using random-effects models were performed on 24-h urinary sodium (24HUNa), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression of 24HUNa were performed to identify effective intervention characteristics. Eighteen RCTs involving 3505 participants (51.5% female, mean age 51.6 years) were included. Technology-supported behavior change interventions for reducing sodium intake significantly reduced 24HUNa (mean difference [MD] −0.39 gm/24 h, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.50 to −0.27; I2 = 24%), SBP (MD −2.67 mmHg, 95% CI −4.06 to −1.29; I2 = 40%), and DBP (MD −1.39 mmHg, 95% CI −2.31 to −0.48; I2 = 31%), compared to control conditions. Interventions delivered more frequently (≤weekly) were associated with a significantly larger effect size in 24HUNa reduction compared to less frequent interventions (>weekly). Other intervention characteristics, such as intervention delivery via instant messaging and participant-family dyad involvement, were associated with larger, albeit non-significant, effect sizes in 24HUNa reduction when compared to other subgroups. Technology-supported behavior change interventions aimed at reducing sodium intake were effective in reducing 24HUNa, SBP, and DBP at post-intervention. Effective intervention characteristics identified in this review should be considered to develop sodium intake reduction interventions and tested in future trials, particularly for its long-term effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public interest litigation (Nikhil Soni vs. Union of India & Ors. Civil Writ Petition No.7414/2006) contesting the legality of the Jain fast to death, known as sallekhanā or santhārā, was filed in 2006. In response, the Rajasthan High Court issued a ban of the practice in 2015 which was quickly stayed by the Indian Supreme Court, where the case awaits a final verdict. The rise of the case through the courts and its surrounding controversy occurred parallel to the rise in widespread use of social media and messaging apps, resulting in a magnification of discourse and activism and thrusting Jains into a defensive public position that demanded a coordinated communal response employing "visibility tactics." Widening the picture of public discourse about santhārā to include these spaces, this article will explore how the technological mediations of Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram form a context-specific multilingual archive that indexes Jain sociality around the fast, including resistance to criminalization, anxiety about surveillance and regulation, and local and internal disputes. Unlike printed patrikas (communal newsletters), the speed, frequency, and reach of online media traverse national, state, and social boundaries. The article also describes how women have meaningfully accessed and shaped these new discursive spheres, such as virtual svādhyāya (self-study) groups and Jain-specific mobile apps, facilitating and transforming the spread of Jain religiosity and reimagining Jain geography as multimodal following developments in santhārā's symbolic and social power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we analyse WhatsApp interactions in a youth care setting. In family-style group care, young people temporarily live in the family of professional foster parents (PFP), while they regularly visit their birth parents (BPs). Our data consist of instant messaging of 11 pairs of PFPs and BPs during 2 months. Using Conversation Analysis (CA), we focused on the social interaction between BPs and PFPs, achieved in and through multi-modally constructed sequences of updates—responses. First, updates are used by BPs in the context of the transfer from the child from/to the PFP marking the transfer of responsibility for the child. Second, PFPs use images as updates to provide BPs quasi-primary access to the experiences of the child. Third, updates are given or elicited in the context of prior problems. Across these functions, we observe that while BPs work to display responsibility, PFPs subtly empower BPs as parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was conducted to achieve the following objectives: (1) determine the differences and reasons for using outgroup OSNs by gender, age and student groups (Mainland and Hong Kong [HK] students); (2) uncover the impact of online social networks (OSNs) on the development of Mainland–HK friendships and (3) determine the roles of different OSNs (social networking sites [SNSs] and instant messaging platforms [IMPs]) in the development of intercultural friendships in the real world. Design/methodology/approach: To explore how OSNs facilitate (or inhibit) intercultural interactions, 198 students completed a questionnaire and 24 students participated in follow-up semi-structured interviews examining the role of OSNs in intercultural friendship development. Findings: Results revealed that demographic and motivational preferences for using outgroup-OSNs differed among students. Both IMPs and SNSs helped students maintain friendships using little effort, whereas it tended to strengthen their existing social networks, rather than helping to start new friendships. IMPs helped develop a sense of "presence awareness", strengthening pre-existing friendships and solidifying offline connections. SNSs also assisted students in exploring their shared interests while revealing their values and cultural differences. Research limitations/implications: The authors' findings offered empirical evidence on social exchange theory and anxiety-uncertainty management theory regarding the perceived benefit of OSNs on students' friendship development. Practical implications: The study sheds light on the differences between Mainland Chinese and HK students, including participants' perceptions of different friendship stages. Originality/value: This study is interested in the roles of different SNSs and IMPs in intercultural friendship development, especially their strengths and weaknesses as perceived by students. Also, the authors are curious about how students select and use IMPs and SNSs differently according to their individual preferences and needs. To the authors' knowledge, the dynamic link between online communication and intercultural friendship development has not been thoroughly examined in the field of intercultural communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online communities (OCs) have historically focused on building knowledge repositories, but as OCs add more synchronous communication, it is important to understand how different communication capabilities influence user commitment, individual growth, and knowledge contribution. We studied 452 members of a popular OC in Taiwan and found that both connectivity (direct user-to-user interaction) and communality (knowledge repositories) influence member commitment, but connectivity has a stronger influence than communality on knowledge contribution and individual growth. We also found that four media capabilities (transmission velocity, parallelism, symbol sets, and reprocessability) have strong influence on both connectivity and communality. These findings suggest that managers of OCs should add software capabilities that help OC members find like-minded members, enable instant messaging among members, and provide richer communication beyond simple text messages. Online communities (OCs) have become common, both in work settings and in the personal lives of individuals. Communication among members of OCs is similar in many ways to communication among members of work and nonwork teams (e.g., both synchronous and asynchronous communication are possible). Historically, knowledge repositories have been the focus of OCs, but as OCs add more synchronous communication, it is important to understand how different communication capabilities influence user commitment, individual growth, and knowledge contribution. We developed a theoretical model that argues that the five media capabilities of media synchronicity theory influence the two information technology (IT)-enabled public goods of communality (in the form of knowledge repositories) and connectivity (in the form of direct user-to-user interactions) and that these two in turn affect task outcomes such as community commitment, individual growth, and knowledge contribution. We tested this model using three waves of data collection (two surveys and one set of archival behavioral data) from the same 452 members of a popular OC. Our results show that four of the five media capabilities have strong influences on connectivity and communality and through them on task outcomes. Connectivity (direct user-to-user interaction) has a stronger influence on knowledge contribution than communality (knowledge repositories). Our model explains large effect sizes for connectivity and communality and medium to large sizes for task outcomes, suggesting its value to OC theory and practice. History: Suprateek Sarker, Senior Editor; J. J. Po-An Hsieh, Associate Editor. Funding: This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [Grants MOST 106-2410-H-182-005-MY3 and MOST 111-2410-H-182-010-MY3]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2023.1225. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obtaining disaster response feedback from the epicenter and surrounding areas in the shortest possible time is an important part of post-earthquake emergency work and the most important aspect of emergency decision-making. Work practice has shown that, compared to passively waiting for personnel to report, actively calling the affected areas is more conducive to quickly obtaining disaster information, thereby improving the efficiency of post-earthquake emergency response. Based on the advantage that government duty telephones have dedicated personnel on duty, this paper collects the data of government duty telephones and police station duty telephones in towns and streets of 13 cities in Jiangsu Province. Combined with the characteristics of light weight and easy operation of WeChat mini program, we designed and implemented a Jiangsu earthquake emergency contact directory. This program realizes real-time interactive inquiry of address book information, completes the function of quickly, accurately, and conveniently dialing calls, and also ensures the connection rate of the phone to a certain extent. At the same time, through the daily maintenance of the database, the instant availability of data is guaranteed. Compared with the traditional manual query method, it is more intuitive and efficient, and effectively reduces the time cost and process error in the post-earthquake emergency response process.