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We significantly enriched ChillsDB, a dataset of audiovisual stimuli validated to elicit aesthetic chills. A total of 2,937 participants from Southern California were exposed to 40 stimuli, consisting of 20 stimuli (10 from ChillsDB and 10 new) presented either in audiovisual or audio-only formats. Questionnaires were administered assessing demographics, personality traits, state affect, and political orientation. Detailed data on chills responses is captured alongside participants ratings of the stimuli. The dataset combines controlled elicitation of chills using previously validated materials with individual difference measures to enable investigation of predictors and correlates of aesthetic chills phenomena. It aims to support continued research on the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of aesthetic chills responses.

Individual difference exploration of cognitive domains is predicated on being able to ascertain how well performance on tasks covary. Yet, establishing correlations among common inhibition tasks such as Stroop or flanker tasks has proven quite difficult. It remains unclear whether this difficulty occurs because there truly is a lack of correlation or whether analytic techniques to localize correlations perform poorly real-world contexts because of excessive measurement error from trial noise. In this paper, we explore how well correlations may localized in large data sets with many people, tasks, and replicate trials. Using hierarchical models to separate trial noise from true individual variability, we show that trial noise in 24 extant tasks is about 8 times greater than individual variability. This degree of trial noise results in massive attenuation in correlations and instability in Spearman corrections. We then develop hierarchical models that account for variation across trials, variation across individuals, and covariation across individuals and tasks. These hierarchical models also perform poorly in localizing correlations. The advantage of these models is not in estimation efficiency, but in providing a sense of uncertainty so that researchers are less likely to misinterpret variability in their data. We discuss possible improvements to study designs to help localize correlations.

People use environmental knowledge to maintain a sense of direction in daily life. This knowledge is typically measured by having people point to unseen locations (judgments of relative direction) or navigate efficiently in the environment (shortcutting). Some people can estimate directions precisely, while others point randomly. Similarly, some people take shortcuts not experienced during learning, while others mainly follow learned paths. Notably, few studies have directly tested the correlation between pointing and shortcutting performance. We compared pointing and shortcutting in two experiments, one using desktop virtual reality (VR) (N = 57) and one using immersive VR (N = 48). Participants learned a new environment by following a fixed route and were then asked to point to unseen locations and navigate to targets by the shortest path. Participants performance was clustered into two groups using K-means clustering. One (lower ability) group pointed randomly and showed low internal consistency across trials in pointing, but were able to find efficient routes, and their pointing and efficiency scores were not correlated. The others (higher ability) pointed precisely, navigated by efficient routes, and their pointing and efficiency scores were correlated. These results suggest that with the same egocentric learning experience, the correlation between pointing and shortcutting depends on participants learning ability, and internal consistency and discriminating power of the measures. Inconsistency and limited discriminating power can lead to low correlations and mask factors driving human variation. Psychometric properties, largely under-reported in spatial cognition, can advance our understanding of individual differences and cognitive processes for complex spatial tasks.

People differ in their initial emotional responses to events, and we are beginning to understand these responses and their pervasive implications for psychological health. However, people also differ in how they think about and react to their initial emotions (i.e., emotion judgments). In turn, how people judge their emotions-as predominantly positive or negative-may have crucial implications for psychological health. Across five MTurk and undergraduate samples collected between 2017 and 2022 (total N = 1,647), we investigated the nature of habitual emotion judgments (Aim 1) and their associations with psychological health (Aim 2). In Aim 1, we found four distinct habitual emotion judgments that differ according to the valence of the judgment (positive or negative) and the valence of the emotion being judged (positive or negative). Individual differences in habitual emotion judgments were moderately stable across time and were associated with, but not redundant with, conceptually related constructs (e.g., affect valuation, emotion preferences, stress mindsets, meta-emotions) and broader traits (i.e., extraversion, neuroticism, trait emotions). In Aim 2, positive judgments of positive emotions were uniquely associated with better psychological health and negative judgments of negative emotions were uniquely associated with worse psychological health concurrently and prospectively, above and beyond the other types of emotion judgments, and above and beyond conceptually related constructs and broader traits. This research gives insight into how people judge their emotions, how these judgments relate to other emotion-related constructs, and their implications for psychological health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

This paper addresses the way in which the expansion zones of the metropolitan areas of Medellín and Rionegro are currently moving from the communal relations that marked their rural life to anonymous relations in which notions of neighborliness are gradually disappearing. Understanding the urban as a social condition and not only as a physical expression of the territory, but the urban is also no longer the opposite of the rural, nor is it synonymous with the city. The urban constitutes a phenomenon where anonymity and individuality are privileged in a space. This process takes place in a rural space where part of its heritage is the landscape and unneighborly relations. We assume the notion of the peri-urban limit as a space of undefinition that extends from the periphery of the Aburrá Valley to some of the rural hamlets of the Territorial Subsystem: Alto Grande - La Ramada, in the San Nicolas Valley; places where the communal is disappearing to give way to new urban dynamics. The article constitutes a theoretical contribution to the interpretation of the new realities observed in the peri-urban fringes of many contemporary metropolises, not only because of the debate it opens on the ways of understanding current urban-rural problems, but also because it suggests other perspectives for territorial planning based on the readings of the new social realities that are established there.

Complexity is inherent in most biological phenomena, yet there is little effort to teach biological complexity per se in the classroom. Levels of organization and hierarchical complexity are familiar features of living systems and taken for granted in most instructional materials including the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) of the United States. However, the evolution of the hierarchical organization of life is not being taught because there has been no instructional framework for doing so until now. We seek to address this gap in instruction by translating recent research on evolutionary transitions in individuality (ETI theory) into an integrative, instructional framework for teaching the hierarchy of life that aligns with the three dimensions of the NGSS. ETI theory presents an evolutionary framework for teaching hierarchical complexity using the social principles of cooperation and conflict. These principles are intuitive for students because they are analogous to many of the social situations in their lives. By making use of the ETI framework, instructors can explicitly teach the evolution of the hierarchical organization of life, the organizing framework for all of biology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To release medical images that can be freely used in downstream processes while maintaining their utility, it is necessary to remove personal features from the images while preserving the lesion structures. Unlike previous studies that focused on removing lesion structures while preserving the individuality of medical images, this study proposes and validates a new framework that maintains the lesion structures while diffusing individual characteristics. In this framework, we apply local differential privacy techniques to provide theoretical guarantees of privacy protection. Additionally, to enhance the utility of protected medical images, we perform denoising using a diffusion model on the noise-contaminated medical images. Numerous chest X-rays generated by the proposed method were evaluated by physicians, revealing a trade-off between the level of privacy protection and utility. In other words, it was confirmed that increasing the level of personal information protection tends to result in relatively lower utility. This study potentially enables the release of certain types of medical images that were previously difficult to share. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Coordination compounds of metals with polydentate ligands are used as plant growth stimulants. Of these, calcium and magnesium compounds are of interest due to the cheapness of raw materials, ease of synthesis, thermal stability, etc. Purpose. Synthesis, determination of the composition and structure of complexes based on magnesium, calcium, study of their thermal stability. Methodology. Complex compounds based on magnesium and calcium ions were synthesized mechanochemically. Identification was carried out by IR spectroscopy, differential thermal and elemental analysis. Originality. New coordination compounds of magnesium and calcium nitrate with 3-amino-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid and 1,8-diaminonaphthalene were synthesized. Their thermal behavior was established. Findings. The individuality of compounds of the compositions Cа(NO3)2∙2С5H5N3O2, Са(NO3)2·2C10H10N, Mg(NO3)2∙С5H5N3O2∙C10H10N2 was proven. It was found that the molecules are coordinated through the oxygen atom, and 1,8-diaminonaphthalene - through the nitrogen atom of the amine groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lacanian Beauty in his ethics is encapsulated as making decisions and "act[ing] in conformity with one's desires". This idea is thought while reading Munro's short stories to argue humans reconfigure their life through decision, transgression, act and love. Munro's characters are confined in the condition that contextualizes them through one limited interpretation, detaching them from their individuality. To get out of this condition they detach from the Other via acting on their Real desire. So the Real opens the space for the decision that postulates the possibility for transgression. Thus, it is claimed making decisions leads to transgression that necessitates act whereby love is experienced. This study through analyzing decision, transgression, act, love and their relation introduces neutrality as a novel idea about a stance in which Beauty in Lacanian ethics is founded. It demonstrates neutrality is a pure communication area not polluted by Symbolic Order, a singularity, a power stance, a varietal stance in which love is the law. In this neutral singularity, humans succeed in living a life in its full. Lacanian ethics and sociology are interconnected to demonstrate the new context of life human can live so as to bring forth new outlooks on ethics including Beauty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nine distinguished scholars contributed to the review symposium on Sociology in a New Key, offering critiques, approval, and suggestions for further refinements: James J. Chriss, Alberto Luis Cordeiro de Farias, Jayme Gomes, Victor Lidz, Isaac Arial Reed, Jeremy Tanner, Frédéric Vandenberghe, Raf Vanderstraeten, and Daniel Wehinger. My rejoinder focuses on five issues: (1) Aesthetic experiences and metaphors for sociology; (2) Meaning, the senses, and the body; (3) The aesthetic and culture-theoretical common denominator of Adorno, Parsons, and Simmel; (4) Aesthetics and individuality; and (5) Comparisons and prospects for a sociology in a new key. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On digital media, algorithms that process data and recommend content have become ubiquitous. Their fast and barely regulated adoption has raised concerns about their role in well-being both at the individual and collective levels. Algorithmic mechanisms on digital media are powered by social drivers, creating a feedback loop that complicates research to disentangle the role of algorithms and already existing social phenomena. Our brief overview of the current evidence on how algorithms affect well-being, misinformation, and polarization suggests that the role of algorithms in these phenomena is far from straightforward and that substantial further empirical research is needed. Existing evidence suggests that algorithms mostly reinforce existing social drivers, a finding that stresses the importance of reflecting on algorithms in the larger societal context that encompasses individualism, populist politics, and climate change. We present concrete ideas and research questions to improve algorithms on digital platforms and to investigate their role in current problems and potential solutions. Finally, we discuss how the current shift from social media to more algorithmically curated media brings both risks and opportunities if algorithms are designed for individual and societal flourishing rather than short-term profit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of haecceity property in things is one of the solutions provided to solve the problem of differentiation and the problem of individuality in things. The belief in the existence of such a property dates back to Dance Scotts. His thought is often considered to be influenced by Avicenna. In the present text, first, some preliminary material such as the difference of opinion on the equality of Haecceity and individual essence has been stated in order to clarify the point of view of these believers. Then, Avicenna's view on this issue is described and after that, Avicenna's influence on Scotts as the author of the term of Haecceity is discussed. In the end, Avicenna's thoughts were evaluated based on the opinions of contemporary believers. The general conclusion is that although Avicenna had a prominent role in creating the question of identification and individuality in the mind of the first believer, Scotts, to Haecceity in the history of philosophyit should be noted that in contemporary analytical philosophy, Avicenna's opinions are neither compatible with individual nature nor with haecceitism. As a result, not only Avicenna cannot be considered as a believer in haecceitism, but also it seems that he can be considered to believe in anti-haecceitism . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the legal status of nonhuman animals used in biomedical research. While acknowledging that, presently, nonhuman animals in research settings hold no personal legal rights, this article explores what a legal person is and proposes that it is possible for nonhuman animals to become legal persons and receive better protections under the federal Animal Welfare Act. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Fourteenth Amendment to the US Constitution prohibits states from depriving any person "equal protection of the laws," and the Constitution's Fifth Amendment has been interpreted as applying this prohibition to the federal government. This article considers whether constitutional equal protection should apply to some nonhuman animals in light of corporations having gained such protection and concludes that expanding equal protection personhood to nonhuman animals is improbable in the present legal landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies reported mixed findings on autistic individuals' pitch perception relative to neurotypical (NT) individuals. We investigated whether this may be partly due to individual differences in cognitive abilities by comparing their performance on various pitch perception tasks on a large sample (n = 164) of autistic and NT children and adults. Our findings revealed that: (i) autistic individuals either showed similar or worse performance than NT individuals on the pitch tasks; (ii) cognitive abilities were associated with some pitch task performance; and (iii) cognitive abilities modulated the relationship between autism diagnosis and pitch perception on some tasks. Our findings highlight the importance of taking an individual differences approach to understand the strengths and weaknesses of pitch processing in autism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autism is heterogeneous, which complicates providing tailored support and future prospects. We aim to identify subgroups in autistic adults with average to high intelligence, to clarify if certain subgroups might need support. We included 14 questionnaire variables related to aging and/or autism (e.g., demographic, psychological, and lifestyle). Community detection analysis was used for subgroup identification in an original sample of 114 autistic adults with an adulthood diagnosis (autism) and 58 non-autistic adults as comparison group (COMP), and a replication sample (NAutism = 261; NCOMP = 287), both aged 30–89 years. Next, we identified subgroups and assessed external validity (for cognitive and psychological difficulties, and quality of life [QoL]) in the autism samples. To test specificity, we repeated the analysis after adding 123 adults with ADHD, aged 30–80 years. As expected, the autism and COMP groups formed distinct subgroups. Among autistic adults, we identified three subgroups of which two were replicated. One of these subgroups seemed most vulnerable on the cluster variables; this subgroup also reported the most cognitive and psychological difficulties, and lowest QoL. Adding the ADHD group did not alter results. Within autistic adults, one subgroup could especially benefit from support and specialized care, although this must be tested in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a lack of studies addressing the psychological mechanisms underlying the association between individual differences in greed and well-being. This study tested the relationship between dispositional greed, and satisfaction with life, as well as the moderating effect of social comparison orientation on this association (N = 373). As expected for hypothesis 1, we found that greed correlated negatively with satisfaction with life, and positively with social comparison orientation, even after controlling for individuals' mental health index (anxiety and depression), supporting the hypothesis 2. Further, the moderating effect of social comparison strengthened the relationship between high levels of dispositional greed and dissatisfaction with life, failing to support hypothesis 3. As such, individuals high on dispositional greed were less satisfied with life if they also showed lower (vs. medium level) levels of social comparison orientation. These findings add to the psychological literature on greed by showing that social comparison is not only positively related to it but can also be a vital mechanism for boosting psychological well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent theoretical perspectives have advanced that autobiographical memory processes are supported by interoception, the perception of internal bodily sensations. Yet, this relationship remains largely underexplored. The present study addressed this critical gap in the literature by systematically investigating the association between self-reported Interoceptive Sensibility and various individual differences measures of autobiographical memory. In Study 1, using a correlational approach in a large sample of participants (N = 247), we identified significant correlations between standardised measures of interoception and the general experience of autobiographical memory and the frequency of involuntary mental time travel. These associations remained significant even after controlling for potential confounding factors in terms of age, gender, and trait affectivity, underscoring their robustness. Study 2 replicated and extended the associations identified in Study 1 in another large participant sample (N = 257), further validating them by accounting for the potential confounding effect of well-being. Our findings demonstrate that individuals' ability to perceive and understand bodily signals robustly relates to how they experience autobiographical memories. By adopting an exploratory approach based on individual differences, our results provide novel and concrete insights into the association between interoception and autobiographical memory, providing a strong foundation for future investigations into the causal mechanisms connecting these two constructs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Kocatepe Veterinary Journal / Kocatepe Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Orientation Scolaire et Professionnelle (OSP) is the property of Institut National d'Etude du Travail et d'Orientation Professionnelle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Loss of selfhood may be considered one of the most enduring assumptions in writings on crowds and masses. The contemporary idea of the social avalanche makes plain this expectation that no person can easily withstand the de-individualizing changes wrought by the momentum of collective forces. Individuals become the proverbial herd-like non-selves in those overwhelming moments. Yet the affective turn in social theory offers an alternative view of subjectivity that does not downplay the power of social avalanches but at the same time refocuses on levels of the self not fully articulated in previous works on crowds and masses. These are levels of re-individualization that both reaffirm self-identity and expose it to affective flows in non-conscious ways. In digitized environments, bodies may not meet up but identities can still be recharged by these flows to reinforce imitative beliefs and actions. Capitalizing on these flows, agencies of desire and control can effortlessly reshape subjectivity to instil conformity as well as a sense of togetherness in intrinsically alienating conditions. Hence, social avalanches may not necessarily inhibit identities but rather re-enhance them through affective flows within assemblages of control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent efforts in a range of scientific fields have emphasised research and methods concerning individual differences and individualisation. This article brings together various scientific disciplines—ecology, evolution, and animal behaviour; medicine and psychiatry; public health and sport/exercise science; sociology; psychology; economics and management science—and presents their research on individualisation. We then clarify the concept of individualisation as it appears in the disciplinary casework by distinguishing three kinds of individualisation studied in and across these disciplines: IndividualisationONE as creating/changing individual differences (the process that generates differences between individuals: intrapopulation or intraspecific variation/heterogeneity); IndividualisationTWO as individualising applications (the tailoring or customising of something—information, treatment, a product or service, etc.—for an individual or specific group of individuals); and IndividualisationTHREE as social changes influencing autonomy, risk, and responsibilities (the process discussed under the rubric of sociological individualisation theory). Moreover, we analyse conceptual links between individualisation and individuality, and characterise different sorts of individuality that the disciplines study. This paper aims to promote interdisciplinary research concerning individualisation by establishing a common conceptual-theoretical basis, while leaving room for disciplinary differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural factors, such as country or continent, influence the relationship between loneliness and mental health. However, less is known about how cultural dimensions moderate this relationship during adolescence and younger adulthood, even if these dimensions manifest as country or continent differences. This study aims to examine the potential influence of Hofstede's cultural dimensions on this relationship using a three-level meta-analysis approach. A total of 292 studies with 291,946 participants aged 10 to 24 were included in this study. The results indicate that cultural dimensions, such as individualism vs. collectivism, indulgence vs. restraint, power distance, and long-term vs. short-term orientation, moderated the associations between loneliness and social anxiety, stress, Internet overuse, and negative affect. The association between loneliness and mental health was not moderated by cultural dimensions, such as masculinity and uncertainty avoidance. These findings suggest that culture's influence on the association between loneliness and mental health is based on a domain-specific mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The World Health Organisation states that more than 350 million people experience depression globally. The phenomenological changes in individuals experiencing depression are profound Phenomenological research can further researchers' and clinicians' understanding of this experience. This study aimed to gain a phenomenological understanding of how individuals with depression understood and made sense of their experiences. A methodology of interpretative phenomenological analysis was adopted. In‐depth semi‐structured interviews explored the lived experience of depression for eight individuals. Data were analysed into the superordinate theme Broken Self – Transforming the Self. The superordinate theme developed from the subordinate themes of 'unknown self, loss of self and one's identity', 'desperate for a way out', and thirdly, 'conflict with self and what's known', which related directly to how individuals made sense of their experience of depression. These research findings highlight the human implications of the experience of depression and the limitations of viewing depression from a biological or medical model lens. Understanding the human impact is essential for the effective, holistic practice of mental health nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Response times (RTs) are commonly used in studying language acquisition. However, previous research utilizing RT in the context of language has largely overlooked the intra-individual variability (IIV) of RTs, which could hold significant information about the processes underlying language acquisition. Method: We explored the association between language abilities and RT variability in visuomotor tasks using two data sets from previously published studies. The participants were 7- to 10-year-old children (n = 77). Results: Our results suggest that increased variability in RTs is associated with weaker language abilities. Specifically, this within-participant variability in visuomotor RTs, especially the proportion of unusually slow responses, predicted language abilities better than mean RTs, a factor often linked to language skills in past research. Conclusions: Based on our findings, we introduce the IIV hypothesis in explaining individual differences in language development. According to our hypothesis, inconsistency in the timing of cognitive processes, reflected by increased IIV in RTs, degrades learning different aspects of language, and results in individual differences in language abilities. Future studies should further examine the relationship between IIV and language abilities, and test the extent to which the possible relationship is causal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite increasing societal awareness of the challenges faced by students with disabilities, students with invisible disabilities have received relatively little attention. This study explores these students' experiences, relying on interviews with 15 participants with various invisible disabilities who recently attended Israeli higher education institutions. Drawing on the analytical perspective of identity work, we explore how participants negotiate and construct their identities as students in the physical and sociocultural environments of higher education. We show that participants largely practice identity work over two continua: between presence and absence in academic spaces; and between revealing and concealing their disabilities in the context of an institutional climate underpinned by values of individualism, competition, and performativity. Through this spatial and discursive identity work, students construct their identities as abled and capable students and foster their sense of belonging in a prevailing ableist academic culture. This study explored the strategies that students with invisible disabilities develop to negotiate higher education environments and craft their student identity. Students with invisible disabilities actively shape and develop their identities in response to academic space and academic culture by positioning themselves along two continua: between presence and absences in various academic spaces; and between disclosing and concealing their disabilities. Students with invisible disabilities negotiate presence versus absence in physical spaces—in the context of physical barriers such as low temperatures, long distances, and closed spaces coupled with strict timetables and attendance requirements. Students with invisible disabilities negotiate disclosure versus concealment of disabilities—in the context of institutional expectations and requirements constructed around the image of 'normal,' that is, able-bodied, students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between self-concept and academic achievement that is commonly cited has primarily been found in studies of students from Western countries with individualistic societies. Thus, this relationship may not be evident among students from non-Western countries, which are thought to largely adopt collectivist cultural values and behaviors that are inconsistent with the way that students from individualist nations perceive and evaluate their academic functioning. This lack of clarity motivates the present scoping review about the relationship between self-concept and academic achievement among students from collectivist countries who study in elementary, secondary, and post-secondary schools. A final review of 27 empirical articles involving student populations across educational levels and from several collectivist countries provided support for the same general relationship between self-concept and academic achievement that has been found in Western countries. Accordingly, the development of a favorable self-concept was associated with greater academic achievement. In some cases, this relationship was dependent on self-concept and academic achievement being measured in the context of a school-related discipline and on the time interval between the examination of both variables. Our findings provide insight into pathways to academic success that are effective across cultures, and we offer considerations for successful academic self-concept interventions for collectivist students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotion regulation is important for psychological health and can be achieved by implementing various strategies. How one regulates emotions is critical for maximizing psychological health. Few studies, however, tested the psychological correlates of different emotion regulation strategies across multiple cultures. In a preregistered cross-cultural study (N = 3,960, 19 countries), conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, we assessed associations between the use of seven emotion regulation strategies (situation selection, distraction, rumination, cognitive reappraisal, acceptance, expressive suppression, and emotional support seeking) and four indices of psychological health (life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and loneliness). Model comparisons based on Bayesian information criteria provided support for cultural differences in 36% of associations, with very strong support for differences in 18% of associations. Strategies that were linked to worse psychological health in individualist countries (e.g., rumination, expressive suppression) were unrelated or linked to better psychological health in collectivist countries. Cultural differences in associations with psychological health were most prominent for expressive suppression and rumination and also found for distraction and acceptance. In addition, we found evidence for cultural similarities in 46% of associations between strategies and psychological health, but none of this evidence was very strong. Cultural similarities were most prominent in associations of psychological health with emotional support seeking. These findings highlight the importance of considering the cultural context to understand how individuals from diverse backgrounds manage unpleasant emotions. Public Significance Statement: This study assessed links between multiple emotion regulation strategies and indices of psychological health in diverse countries around the world as people coped with the COVID-19 pandemic. Some of these links were similar across countries, but some were different, such that strategies that were positively related to psychological health in some countries were unrelated or negatively related to psychological health in other countries. These findings highlight the importance of a culturally sensitive approach to emotion regulation and mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relationality is a multifaceted idea that displays one of the distinctive characteristics of Chinese philosophy. In Confucianism, it is primarily associated with the issue of human relations. Drawing on John Dewey's proposition of 'relationally constituted individuality', Roger T. Ames identifies a 'thick' nature in Confucian relationality whose cosmic foundation may be novel to the West. This thick relationality corresponds with a narrative approach to human nature (xing 性), inspires a Confucian neologism of 'human becomings' and challenges the conventional idea of 'human being' that implies a Western foundational individualism. Through a proposed theme of 'contextual individuality', this study aims to evaluate whether Confucian relationality could be too 'thick' for individuality (in a non-atomistic/non-foundational sense) and uncover the implication of thick relationality on the study of comparative philosophy in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following criticism about the quality of writing in management communication and organization studies, this Forum presents arguments for change in how scholarly knowledge is communicated. The expectation today seems to be that, to get published, academic writing requires monologic and complex ways of expression. However, using formulaic and reader-exclusive language in publications limits their accessibility to a wider readership, including not only more diverse members of the disciplinary community—such as non-Anglophone scholars and junior researchers—but also those we study and write about. In our respective contributions, we argue for more meaningful communication between writers and readers achieved through writers adopting reflexive practices when crafting their texts for publication. Specifically, we suggest considering reflexivity through the following concepts: conformity and individuality, socialization, tenderness, and respect. These, we argue, help make our academic writing more accessible and meaningful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evolutionary transitions in individuality are events in the history of life leading to the emergence of new levels of individuality. Recent studies have described an ecological scaffolding scenario of such transitions focused on the evolutionary consequences of an externally imposed renewing meta-population structure with limited dispersal. One difficulty for such a scenario has been explaining the stability of collective-level traits when scaffolding conditions no longer apply. Here, we show that the stability of scaffolded traits can rely on evolutionary hysteresis: even if the environment is reverted to an ancestral state, collectives do not return to ancestral phenotypes. We describe this phenomenon using a stochastic meta-population model and adaptive dynamics. Further, we show that ecological scaffolding may be limited to Goldilocks zones of the environment. We conjecture that Goldilocks zones—even if they might be rare—could act as initiators of evolutionary transitions and help to explain the near ubiquity of collective-level individuality. The stability of newly emerged collective-level traits during an evolutionary transition in individuality under the ecological-scaffolding scenario is not fully explained. Here, the authors use a stochastic meta-population model and adaptive dynamics to show that evolutionary hysteresis supports this stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identity as the definitive factor of one’s individuality has been extensively explored from the sociological, psychological, and political perspectives. Of particular importance is the prevailing realization of the pervasiveness of the concept of identity and its fluidity, especially concerning the transcendence of cultural binaries and spaces. According to T.S. Elliot, the discourse of aesthetics is defined by constitutive dialects and is doubly-encoded in the specific and concrete. Thus, aesthetics in literature provides a theory of senses in which production, presentation, and reception of identities, cultures, and other social phenomena can be understood and defined. Within Islamic contexts, therefore, the pursuance of a true identity definition becomes an intricate issue that necessitates the incorporation of both historical and contextual perspectives, as well as the pursuance of aesthetic expressions and experiences at the individual level. With these insights in mind, the current analysis utilized a comprehensive analytical framework that applies Eliot’s assumptions within the interactionist framework with the aim of mapping identity fluidities and ambiguities in Mohsin Hamid's The Reluctant Fundamentalist and Elif Shafak's The Forty Rules of Love. The findings indicate that Muslim cultural contexts bear apparent aesthetic experiences and ideological multiplicities at the individual level that cut across a variety of spiritual, political, social, and geographic domains. The fluidity and multiplicity of the resulting identities, thus, necessitates the application of suitable identity signifiers to ensure the rational and practical reportage of Muslim identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study expatiates upon investigation of social systems that coerce women towards madness and provide justifications for labeling them as mad women. It examines the patterns of normalization of madness of women strategized by phallocentric forces to formulate shierarchies of dominance and to maintain them. The study is set to explore how patriarchal mechanisms suppress all opposing voices against them and represent such deviant elements as mad. Moreover, the study evaluates feministic approaches that seek to contradict the established patriarchal normalities. Importantly, the study scrutinizes the changing feministic attitudes in the European and American landscapes during the nineteenth and twentieth century. To strengthen its findings, the study is premised on fiction produced by female writers from American literary landscape. It includes Kate Chopin's The Awakening (1899) and Silvia Plath's The Bell Jar (1963). The study aims to carry on textual analysis of the selected texts to explore the reasons of women's madness and representation of such women in literary landscapes. As the study explores the nature of existing relationship between both genders, it applies certain conceptions of feminist criticism to scrutinize power relationship between the genders. The study finds that female tendency to challenge established patriarchal norms provides the dominant forces a justification to pronounce defiant women as mad. Women's expectation of equal social, political and economic patterns is conceived of as a threat to prevailing dominant power structures. Such dominant elements declare challenging female voices as abnormal and mad and suggest special treatment for them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current understanding of Mill as a founding father of liberalism is a Cold War creation. Discarding this conception opens the way to a general reassessment of his thought: who was the historical Mill? He did not define himself as liberal and there is no simple template. Most obviously he is a pluralist, defined by a plural heritage received through his father. This framework permitted great creativity in political and social theory, but it was diffuse. The one clear unifying theme is a unique conception of a hierarchy of intellect founded on the inexorable accumulation of positive knowledge. The one important exception to this is political economy. What stands out overall is his individuality, where Mill embodies his own ideal. So apart from political economy, where he could be identified in more conventional terms, his nineteenth-century legacy was personal and incalculably diffusive rather than doctrinaire. This left it ripe for twentieth-century re-invention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to analyse the philosophical content of selected aspects of the literary theory of Friedrich Schlegel -- one of the initiators and main founders of the Jena Romantic school. Schlegel is primarily known as a brilliant literary critic who popularised the notion of Romantic poetry. Romantic poetry, however, is not only a fundamental concept of the new school of literary studies, but also an important element of Schlegel's philosophy of man, describing the model of modern humanity. In this paper, I assume that Schlegel's literary theory is a mirror that generates a reflection of Romantic man. In this perspective, all the main features of Romantic literature -- self-consciousness, reflexivity, freedom, individuality, the striving for the infinite or organicism -- in fact turn out to be attributes of its creator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The book "The Belief in Intuition: Individuality and Authority in Henri Bergson and Max Scheler" by Adriana Alfaro Altamirano seeks to recover the political reflection of Max Scheler and Henri Bergson, two prominent philosophers of the 20th century whose influence has diminished over time. The author proposes that the thinking of Scheler and Bergson, based on intuition, offers an alternative to liberalism in the social and political sphere. These authors defend the irreducible singularity of each person as the basis of freedom and individuality, and propose a vision of empathy and authority based on exemplarity. Although personalism lost momentum after World War II, the article suggests that it still has relevance in contemporary political debates. [Extracted from the article]

Self-esteem plays a significant role in an individual's healthy development. However, it is not uncommon for Chinese people to suffer from lower self-esteem. The cultural expectation of respect for and obedience to authorities often increases the challenges for Chinese people to achieve individuation. Subjectivity of being and the authenticity of a true self is ignored and even must be renounced in order to fit oneself into the cultural and societal system. What can psychotherapy do to enhance self-esteem? Psychoanalytic psychotherapy provides a way for individuation through enhancing realistic self-esteem. In the psychoanalytic and psychodynamic situation, patients' individuality is encouraged. Moreover, it provides a new relationship where ruptures can be dealt with for the purpose of personal growth. Self psychology will be the theoretical foundation for this paper to illustrate that enhancing realistic self-esteem can a be a maturational step for individuation in working with Chinese patients. Two cases are presented to illustrate how psychoanalytic psychotherapy can help with self-esteem. Both cases involve young Chinese people struggling with damaged self-esteem. In the first case, I will focus on how interpretations can help the patient gain insights and to encourage further exploration. In the second case, I will write about how realistic self-esteem can be gradually gained through working primarily in the transference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this discussion paper is to explore factors and contexts that influence how nurses might conceptualise and assign personhood for people with altered consciousness, cognition and behaviours. While a biomedical framing is founded upon a dichotomy between the body and self, such that the body can be subjected to a medical and objectifying gaze, relational theories of self, multiculturalism and technological advances for life‐sustaining interventions present new dilemmas which necessitate discussion about what constitutes personhood. The concept of personhood is dynamic and evolving: where historical constructs of rationality, agency, autonomy and a conscious mind once formed the basis for personhood, these ideas have been challenged to encompass embodied, relational, social and cultural paradigms of selfhood. Themes in this discussion include: the right to personhood, mind–body dualism versus the embodied self; personhood as consciousness, rationality and narratives of self; social relational contexts of personhood and cultural contexts of personhood. Patricia Benner's and Christine Tanner's clinical judgement model is then applied to consider the implications for nursing care that seeks to reflexively incorporate personhood. Nurse clinicians are able to move between conceptions of personhood and act to support the body, as well as presumed autonomy and relational, social and cultural personhood. In doing so, they use analytical, intuitive and narrative reasoning which prioritises autonomous constructions of self. They also incorporate relational and social contexts of the person receiving care within the possibilities of technological advances and constraints of contextual resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the adverse implications of organizational identification (OID) have received significant attention in the field of organizational behavior research, particularly as it is considered a critical factor in unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB). Nevertheless, the findings of previous studies are inconsistent. To explain these discrepancies, we performed a meta-analysis of 54 independent studies from January 2010 to April 2023, comprising a total of 14,836 samples, to investigate the impact of OID on UPB and the moderating effects of cultural context. The results of our study demonstrated that individualism, power distance, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, and indulgence play moderating roles in the OID – UPB relationship. This study makes noteworthy theoretical and practical contributions and lays the foundation for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The topic of an autonomous system initiating trust repair has generated intense interest from researchers and has led to a stream of empirical works studying the impact of different trust repair strategies. Unfortunately, there does not seem to be a clear pattern of results or systematicity in the experimental manipulations. This is likely due to a lack of a coherent model or theoretical framework of trust repair. We present a possible theoretical model that may explain and predict how different trust repair strategies may work with different autonomous systems, in different situations, and with different people. We have adapted and applied a well-established social cognition theory that has successfully explained and predicted complex attitudinal and behavioural phenomena. The model suggests that significant variance in trust repair results may be partly due to individual differences (e.g. motivation, cognitive abilities), which have not been extensively examined in the literature, and confounded or uncontrolled study parameters (e.g. timing of trust measurement, repair frequency, workload). We hope that this theoretical model stimulates discussion toward a more theory-driven trust repair research agenda to understand basic underlying mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients receiving palliative care often face psychological distress, which can be challenging for clinicians to manage. Therefore, reflexive and visual journaling can be used as powerful techniques for clinician selfreflection and personal development. These journals are a form of practice wisdom, providing insights into psychological health in palliative care. Aim: This study aims to describe how patients receiving palliative care experience psychological health, explore the meaning of a palliative care clinician's work and contribute to the understanding of psychological health in palliative care through the reflexive and visual journals of clinicians. Design: Using Gibb's reflective cycle as a framework for journaling, this study employs reflexive and visual journaling through the lenses of a psychiatrist and an art therapist. Journal data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Setting/participants: The two first authors journaled 107 clinical encounters and created 36 pieces of response art detailing encounters with patients and their families, and clinical conversations in two palliative care centres. Results: Patient attributes and the clinical environment were observed to influence psychological health in palliative care. The patient's ability to navigate dying, maintain personhood, exert resilience and experience satisfying relationships contribute to psychological health. A clinical environment comprising clinicians with holistic competencies, systems promoting interdisciplinary collaborations and a values-based culture that promotes patient centricity strengthens the delivery of psychological care. Conclusions: Good psychological health in palliative care extends beyond psychopathology and is influenced by the cardinal elements of being human, value systems and systemic elements in the therapeutic environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Only one of Europe's micro-states is a republic: the Republic of San Marino. This non-EU Member State is an enclave of Italy and sits in a mountainous region of the Apennine Mountains. Given its proximity to the EU, being fully surrounded by it, and the extent to which integration through law has occurred within the EU, the law and policy of EU external relations demands that EU-San Marino relations must exist in some way. Yet the EU's legal relations with third states in Europe have evolved along different trajectories, accounting for the individuality and uniqueness of each. As uncovered in this article, the EU-Sammarinese relationship stretches across a limited array of international agreements, with their own specific width and depth. Taken together, this mishmash of accords, and the way in which regulatory alignment is designed by them, portrays an outdated model of relations that need an update. With an envisaged association agreement between the EU and San Marino on the horizon, this article analyses the legal relations of the parties as they presently stand, accounting for their history, the substance of the international agreements, and the promise of what future legal relations ought to achieve between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To justify the individuality of design as a discipline, researchers repeatedly separated it from other disciplines while underscoring the integration of design in those disciplines. We resolve this apparent paradox by recognizing that people have knowledge, abilities, and tasks that can be attributed to several disciplines. We emphasize a collaborative effect-centered understanding and execution of problem-solving rather than an individual and design-centered one to enable each person to perform to the best of their abilities. Therefore, we introduce the newly developed "effect method," which, by researching defined interrelations between subjects (terms considered as single entities) and systems (terms considered as multipart entities), empowers people to identify and understand relevant problems and solution approaches. The interrelations are defined by effects to be prevented (problem) or achieved (solution). Based on this, the effect method enables the development of system-compatible solution concepts. As a result, each person's creativity, knowledge, and best abilities can contribute to the collaborative development of relevant solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuropalliative care developed to address the needs of patients living with life‐limiting neurologic disease. One critical consideration is that disease‐related changes to cognition, communication, and function challenge illness experiences and care practices. We conducted an ethnography to understand neuropalliative care as a phenomenon; how it was experienced, provided, conceptualized. Personhood served as our conceptual framework; with its long philosophical history and important place in nursing theory, we examined the extent to which it captured neuropalliative experiences and concerns. Personhood contextualized complex losses, aligning the impact of functional and relational changes. Cognition, communication, and functional alterations stretched conceptions of personhood, insinuating it can be relational, fluid, adaptive. Although normative conceptions of personhood guided research and decision‐making, ethical considerations suggested personhood could be transformed, remade. We consider the implications of our findings through three themes. First, we examine how literature on illness experience fails to integrate the realities of people living with and dying from neurologic disease; we counter this by interrogating the concept of experience. Second, we turn to Ricoeur's work on recognition to illuminate relational conceptions of personhood to inform care practices. Finally, we reflect on how personhood can bridge the gap left by functional changes, enhance relational engagement, and promote dignity at the end of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stanley Cavell's account of aesthetic judgment has two components. The first is a feeling: the judge has to see, hear, or 'dig' something in the object being judged; there has to be an 'emotion' that the judge feels and expresses. The second is the 'discipline of accounting for [the judgment]', a readiness to argue for one's aesthetic judgment in the face of disagreement. The discipline of accounting for one's aesthetic judgments involves what Nick Riggle has called a norm of convergence: the judge aims to get one's audience to taste, see, or hear what the judge tastes or sees or hears in the object being judged. Because of the unmistakable difficulty in reaching agreement in aesthetic judgment, Riggle has denied that aesthetic judgment requires a convergence norm and has proposed instead that it requires 'a kind of harmony of individuality' (which Riggle calls 'vibing'). We argue that Cavell offers a version of the convergence norm that is distinct from those that Riggle criticizes, namely Kant's demand for agreement and Andy Egan's presupposition of similarity in dispositions in 'non-defective' aesthetic conversations. Cavell's version of the convergence norm is 'the hope of agreement'. One can hope that one's audience will agree with one's aesthetic judgments even when one isn't in a position to demand agreement or to presuppose similarity in the dispositions that would make agreement more likely. Cavell's distinct convergence norm avoids Riggle's criticisms and contributes to a richer account of what's going on when we disagree about aesthetic matters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]