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Background: The Parelsnoer Institute is a collaboration between 8 Dutch University Medical Centers in which clinical data and biomaterials from patients suffering from chronic diseases (so called "Pearls") are collected according to harmonized protocols. The Pearl Neurodegenerative Diseases focuses on the role of biomarkers in the early diagnosis, differential diagnosis and in monitoring the course of neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Alzheimer's disease. The objective of this paper is to describe the design and methods of the Pearl Neurodegenerative Diseases, as well as baseline descriptive variables, including their biomarker profile.Methods: The Pearl Neurodegenerative Diseases is a 3-year follow-up study of patients referred to a memory clinic with cognitive complaints. At baseline, all patients are subjected to a standardized examination, including clinical data and biobank materials, e.g. blood samples, MRI and cerebrospinal fluid. At present, in total more than 1000 patients have been included, of which cerebrospinal fluid and DNA samples are available of 211 and 661 patients, respectively. First descriptives of a subsample of the data (n = 665) shows that patients are diagnosed with dementia (45%), mild cognitive impairment (31%), and subjective memory complaints (24%).Discussion: The Pearl Neurodegenerative Diseases is an ongoing large network collecting clinical data and biomaterials of more than 1000 patients with cognitive impairments. The project has started with data analyses of the baseline characteristics and biomarkers, which will be the starting point of future specific research questions that can be answered by this unique dataset.

U radu je predloženo, opisano i klasificirano 17 specifičnih osobina vrhunskih sportaša u momčadskim sportskim igrama za koje se pretpostavlja da utječu na funkcioniranje i natjecateljsku uspješnost igrača i momčadi. Oblikovana je hipotetska struktura šest kategorija, ponajviše psiholoških i socijalnih varijabli. Autori pretpostavljaju da te varijable određuju sportaševo upravljanje osobnim ponašanjem, pojam o sebi, motivaciju, uspješno reagiranje u uvjetima natjecateljskoga pritiska, usklađeno zajedničko djelovanje igrača i cijele momčadi te uspješno rješavanje situacija u igri. Predloženi hipotetski model utemeljen je na argumentima koji proizlaze iz izvana opažljivih osobina sportaša. Cilj je na predloženom modelu zasnovati egzaktan pristup procjeni osobina sportaša, njegovih/njezinih potencijala i stvarnih kvaliteta, važnih za selekcioniranje momčadi, pripremanje i vođenje sportaša i momčadi, upravljanje razvojem sportaševa potencijala te praćenje i evaluaciju ishoda programa psihosocijalne pripreme sportaša u momčadskim sportskim igrama., We proposed, described and classified 17 specific characteristics of elite athletes in team sports games which, we presumed, have influence on the functioning and performance of individual players and the whole team. A hypothetical structure of six categories of mostly psychological and social variables was constructed. These are: locus of control, specific competence, motivation, successful reactions in situation of high competitive pressure, coordinated teamwork, and successful solutions of game situations. The model is based upon the arguments derived from the perceived characteristics of athletes. The purpose of this model is to establish the exact scientific and professional approach to: the assessment of the status and the development of specific abilities and characteristics of athletes, the assessment of the potential and the actual quality of players and the selection for a team, the preparation and coaching of athletes and teams, the management of athletes' potential development, as well as to the monitoring and evaluation of psychosocial preparation effects in team sports games., In dieser Arbeit werden 17 spezifische Merkmale von Spitzensportlern in Mannschaftssportarten, die vermutlich das Wirken und den Erfolg von Spielern und Team beeinflussen, vorgeschlagen, beschrieben und klassifiziert. Die Autoren haben eine sechs Kategorien umfassende und größtenteils aus psychologischen und sozialen Variablen bestehende hypothetische Struktur entworfen. Sie gehen von der Annahme aus, dass diese Variablen die Selbstbeherrschung des Sportlers, sein Selbstwertgefühl, seine Motivation, seinen Kampfgeist, das harmonische Zusammenwirken aller Spieler und der Mannschaft insgesamt sowie die Reaktionsfähigkeit während des Spiels beeinflussen. Das vorgeschlagene hypothetische Modell wird mit äußerlich wahrnehmbaren Sportlereigenschaften begründet und verfolgt die Absicht, einen exakten Ansatz zur Einschätzung der Eigenschaften, Potenziale und wirklichen Qualitäten eines Sportlers bzw. einer Sportlerin zu entwickeln, um eine optimale Selektion der Spieler, ihre Leitung und Betreuung innerhalb eines Teams zu gewährleisten und die psychosoziale Vorbereitung eines Sportlers für Mannschaftsspiele zu bewerten.