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In order to solve the high costs and long intervals of imported vehicle maintenance for Beijing subway, a research was conducted on the following aspects, performance boost of the key components in traction system, optimization design of the main circuit, integration design of the power module, seamlessly replacement, and so on. The design concept and technical characteristics of localization traction system were described. Also the technical difficulties and application problems encountered in the localization process were summarized and analyzed. A principle of the seamless replacement design was proposed. The dynamic performance and relevant parameters of the localization traction system were tested on the test line. The results indicate that the localization traction system, with reasonable structure, high integration and reliable performance, is able to achieve seamlessly replacement. And all performance parameters meet the requirements of the current vehicles, superior to the imported system. Achieving localization seamlessly replacement of traction system on the current vehicle has great economic and reference values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the castings of Ni‐base single crystal superalloys, misorientation defects are detrimental to mechanical performance at high temperatures. In this study, combined seeding‐grain selection technique is used to study the effects of secondary dendrite orientation and withdrawal rate on dendrite growth and the associated evolution of misorientation in the platform region of single crystal superalloy turbine blades. It is observed that the rapid growth of dendrite arms near the platform edge induces a long secondary dendrite arm and the convergent boundary of dendrite arms (CBDA), and the misorientation angle along the CBDA monotonically increases. Furthermore, with the decrease in misorientation angle of the <001> SX orientation from the platform edge, the growth trace of dendrite arms required to cover CBDA increases, and the long secondary dendrite arm becomes more vulnerable to the contraction stress around platform edge, which leads to increased misorientation angle. The dendrite growth and the associated evolution of misorientation in the platform region of single‐crystal blades are examined. The convergent boundaries of dendrite arms (CBDAs) are found under all casting conditions, and the misorientation angle always monotonically increases along the CBDAs. Either increasing withdrawal rate or decreasing misorientation angle of the <001> SX orientation from the platform edge, increases the misorientation angle along the CBDAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The layered Li2MnO3 is investigated by using the first-principles calculations within the GGA and GGA+U scheme, respectively. Within the GGA+U approach, the calculated intercalation voltage (ranges from 4.5 V to 4.9 V) is found to be in good agreement with experiments. From the analysis of electronic structure, the pure phase Li2MnO3 is insulating, which is indicative of poor electronic-conduction properties. However, further studies of lithium ion diffusion in bulk Li2MnO3 show that unlike the two-dimensional diffusion pathways in rock salt structure layered cathode materials, lithium can diffuse in a three-dimensional pathway in Li2MnO3, with moderate lithium migration energy barrier ranges from 0.57 to 0.63 eV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Index of Consciousness (IoC) is a new monitoring index of anesthesia depth reflecting the state of consciousness of the brain independently developed by China. The research on monitoring the depth of anesthesia mainly focuses on propofol, and bispectral index (BIS) is a sensitive and accurate objective index to evaluate the state of consciousness at home and abroad. This study mainly analyzed the effect of IoC on monitoring the depth of sevoflurane anesthesia and the consistency and accuracy with BIS when monitoring sevoflurane maintenance anesthesia., Objective: To investigate the monitoring value of the Index of Consciousness (IoC) for the depth of sevoflurane anesthesia in laparoscopic surgery., Methods: The study population consisted of 108 patients who experienced elective whole-body anesthesia procedures within the timeframe of April 2020 to June 2023 at our hospital. Throughout the anesthesia process, which encompassed induction and maintenance using inhaled sevoflurane, all patients were diligently monitored for both the Bispectral Index (BIS) and the Index of Consciousness (IoC). We conducted an analysis to assess the correlation between IoC and BIS throughout the anesthesia induction process and from the maintenance phase to the regaining of consciousness. To evaluate the predictive accuracy of IoC and BIS for the onset of unconsciousness during induction and the return of consciousness during emergence, we employed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis., Results: The mean difference between BIS and IoC, spanning from the pre-anesthesia induction phase to the completion of propofol induction, was 1.3 (95% Limits of Agreement [-53.4 to 56.0]). Similarly, during the interval from the initiation of sevoflurane inhalation to the point of consciousness restoration, the average difference between BIS and IoC was 0.3 (95% LOA [-10.8 to 11.4]). No statistically significant disparities were observed in the data acquired from the two measurement methodologies during both the anesthesia induction process and the journey from maintenance to the regaining of consciousness ( P > 0.05). The outcomes of the ROC curve analysis disclosed that the areas under the curve (AUC) for prognosticating the occurrence of loss of consciousness were 0.967 (95% CI [0.935-0.999]) for BIS and 0.959 (95% CI [0.924-0.993]) for IoC, with optimal threshold values set at 81 (sensitivity: 88.10%, specificity: 92.16%) and 77 (sensitivity: 79.55%, specificity: 95.45%) correspondingly. For the prediction of recovery of consciousness, the AUCs were 0.995 (95% CI [0.987-1.000]) for BIS and 0.963 (95% CI [0.916-1.000]) for IoC, each associated with optimal cutoff values of 76 (sensitivity: 92.86%, specificity: 100.00%) and 72 (sensitivity: 86.36%, specificity: 100.00%) respectively., Conclusion: The monitoring of sevoflurane anesthesia maintenance using IoC demonstrates a level of comparability to BIS, and its alignment with BIS during the maintenance phase of sevoflurane anesthesia is robust. IoC displays promising potential for effectively monitoring the depth of anesthesia., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2024 Huo et al.)