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Background: Parents' tacit knowledge plays an important role in the care of persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD). As little is known about its nature and use, we aimed to explore this parental tacit knowledge. Method: We conducted semi-structured interviews with parents (n = 11) about their tacit knowledge of their child, based upon video recordings they made of their child's behaviour, and analysed the data thematically. Results: Parents described their tacit knowledge as the capacity to read their child's subtle signs, or to sense and "just know" their child's situation. They had developed this knowledge because of their shared history of proximity and interaction and emphasised that it was crucial in ensuring their children's needs are met. Conclusions: We describe how parents' tacit knowledge contributes to "good care" for persons with PIMD, interpret the implications for (medical) care practice, and discuss ways to deal with its limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article proposes the theme of the journey, both as an educational metaphor for the construction of one's own pedagogical professionalism in continuous research, and as a tool and method of education concerned with well-being, including professional. Indeed, walking allows us to meet our own humanity and that of others, in agreement between body, mind and world; it "leaves us free to think without getting lost in our thoughts" (Spadolini & Grasselli, 2009, p. 5) and, if we walk with others, we have to adjust the pace to find new balances and moments/spaces of sharing. It will also show how walking can be re-educative, because it opens unexplored paths and expands the spaces of experience (Bertolini, 2015). The educational care relationship, step by step, sharing the effort and the encounter with the unknown, is enriched by entrustments and renewed understandings and re-knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a web application on health literacy and self‐efficacy in managing arm oedema symptoms among patients with breast cancer. Methods: The research was carried out in four phases as follows: Phase 1, using a qualitative approach to explore problems and information needs in educating breast cancer patients through in‐depth interviews with 10 professional nurses who had experiences in caring for breast cancer patients and 20 breast cancer patients. Data were analysed by content analysis; Phase 2, designing and developing a web application and confirming its quality by five experts with experience caring for breast cancer patients; Phase 3, testing the web application with five breast cancer patients; and Phase 4, examining the effectiveness of a web application in breast cancer patients using a quasiexperimental research method. Patients were divided into 15 persons in control and 15 in intervention groups, a total of 30 persons. The tools used in the study consisted of (1) a web application on practices for reducing risk for arm oedema after breast cancer treatment, (2) a health literacy assessment tool, (3) a self‐efficacy for managing symptoms questionnaire and (4) a web application satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi‐square and t test. Results: Qualitative findings: The web application should cover patients' and nurses' views on arm oedema causes, assessment, prevention and self‐care for managing swelling after breast cancer treatment. Characteristics of a web application required: large text, bright colours, clear visibility, accompanying pictures or videos, using simple language without official terminology, easy to access, convenient to use, concise, interesting content and shareable to others. Quantitative findings: The intervention group had significantly higher health literacy and self‐efficacy in managing symptom scores than before the trial (p < 0.001). Sample groups were satisfied with the developed web application at a high level. When considering each item, it was found that all items were rated at high levels. Two items with the same highest score were ease of use and the attractiveness of the presentation style. Conclusion: This web application, aimed at reducing the risk of arm oedema after breast cancer treatment, is an effective tool for educating all hospitalized patients. In addition, further research should be conducted to monitor the sustainability of long‐term and clinical outcomes. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? Some patients with breast cancer experience arm oedema either immediately after treatment or over extended periods.Web applications have become a valuable tool for educating patients with breast cancer. However, the features of the web applications designed to reduce the risk of breast cancer‐related lymphedema and their effectiveness remain unclear. What this paper adds? An effective web application for preventing breast cancer‐related lymphedema should cover causes, assessment, prevention strategies and self‐management guidelines. Key features should include large text, user‐friendly design, attractiveness and clarity.Web applications can help patients with breast cancer improve health literacy and self‐efficacy in managing symptoms. The implications of this paper: The web application should be used to educate breast cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caregiving for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) poses significant stress for parents, necessitating an exploration of mitigating factors. This study investigates the interplay between Family Sense of Coherence, Psychological Capital and caregiver stress in this context. A total of 205 caregivers of children with ASD participated in this cross‐sectional study. Data were collected on Family Sense of coherence, Psychological Capital (encompassing hope, resilience, optimism and self‐efficacy) and caregiver stress. Structural equation modelling was employed to test the mediation effect of psychological capital between family sense of coherence and caregiver stress. The results indicated a strong positive correlation between family sense of coherence and all subdomains of psychological capital, with coefficients ranging from 0.541 to 0.610. Conversely, psychological capital demonstrated significant negative correlations with various domains of the Kingstone Caregiver Stress Scale, including caregiving, family issues and financial issues (coefficients from −0.443 to −0.427). Furthermore, family sense of coherence showed a direct negative effect on stress (β = −0.384, p < 0.001). Notably, the study revealed a significant mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between family sense of coherence and caregiver stress, with an indirect effect of family sense of coherence on stress through psychological capital (β = −0.127). The findings underscore the crucial role of family sense of coherence and psychological capital in enhancing psychological resources and mitigating stress among caregivers of children with ASD. These results suggest that interventions aimed at strengthening family coherence and building psychological capital could be effective strategies in alleviating stress among caregivers of children with ASD. Healthcare professionals should consider incorporating family coherence approaches and psychological capital techniques in their support programs for these caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Caring practice begins with awareness of the suffering of patients in a given context. Understanding the interrelationship between the perceived ethical climate of the clinical environment and the ethical sensitivity and caring efficacy of nurses is crucial for strengthening the caring competency of nurses. Research aim: This study aimed to examine the associations between the ethical climate of the clinical environment and the ethical sensitivity and caring efficacy of nurses and to investigate the mediating effect of ethical sensitivity on the association between ethical climate and caring efficacy. Research design: This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design. The participants completed an online survey that measured the ethical climate, ethical sensitivity and caring efficacy using the Hospital Ethical Climate Survey, Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire-Revised and Caring Efficacy Scale, respectively. Participants and research context: The study recruited 293 nurses from two general hospitals that provided acute in-patient and extended care in Hong Kong. Ethical considerations: Ethical approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the university and the hospitals involved. Written consent was obtained from the participants. Results: Ethical climate was associated with caring efficacy (β = 0.340, p <.001) and ethical sensitivity (β = 0.197, p <.001). After adjusting for ethical climate, ethical sensitivity was associated with caring efficacy (β = 0.860, p <.001). Ethical sensitivity showed a significant mediating effect on the association between ethical climate and caring efficacy (indirect effect = 0.169, 95% confidence interval: 0.097 to 0.261), which accounted for 50% of the total effect. Conclusions: The study reveals the complex and interwoven relationship between contextual and personal factors that affect nurses' caring efficacy from an ethical perspective. It provides insights into the significant roles of ethical climate and ethical sensitivity in strengthening caring efficacy. The results suggest theoretical and clinical implications for professionalisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article explores Dasan Jeong Yakyong's conceptualization of humaneness (仁) within his philosophical framework, focusing on the multilayered structure of the concept as revealed in his commentaries in Noneo gogeumju. While previous scholarship has highlighted Dasan's departure from Neo-Confucian views by interpreting humaneness as relational rather than internal or individualistic, limited attention has been given to its specific role in elucidating his philosophy. Despite the consensus on the importance of Dasan's reinterpretation of humaneness in contrasting with Neo-Confucianism, its function as a key term in his thought remains understudied. Dasan's emphasis on the relatedness of humaneness aims not only to refute internality but also to encourage individual moral self-cultivation within the constraints of human existence. Moreover, this conception of humaneness is intricately linked to his holistic understanding of humanity. Thus, this paper elucidates the emphasis on situational uncertainty and plurality within Dasan's reinterpretation of humaneness, alongside a comprehensive discussion of these themes within the conceptual framework of actual practice (行事) and situation (勢) that he later developed in his philosophical perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the perceived effects of a home-based end-of-life social care program in palliative care in Spain, from the perspective of caregivers. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 75 caregivers from the INTecum project. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to recruit the study participants. The analytical process followed a thematic analysis. Caregivers expressed several factors that were influential in reducing stress and anxiety. Knowing that they can count on a case manager in a situation of need was highlighted as very positive. Another important factor that helped to create a positive sense of security was the speed of the project in offering its services. One of the problems that arose was the lack of support in situations where a transition between home and hospital care was required. Aspects such as listening and kindness, and affection, are highlighted in a very positive way. In addition to the final desires, caregivers also recognized that it was important for professionals to take their relative's wishes into account when making decisions. Incorporating a psychosocial component in palliative care for both patients and family caregivers is recognized and such actions are recommended, as well the strengthening of social and health care coordination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study's aim is to explore the experiences of nursing home residents and their next of kin related to interacting with volunteers in daily life and when the resident's death is imminent. Qualitative data consisted of 130 hours of participant observations in three nursing homes and 13 interviews with five residents and eight next of kin. A thematic analysis identified three themes: (1) Social everyday activities - a frame for responsiveness and meaningful everydayness - reflecting the existential dimension of these activities; (2) Time - contrasting volunteers' time for care activities and bedside support to dying residents with professionals' time for similar activities; and (3) Valuable relief when death is imminent - inherent ethical dilemmas - reflecting potential tension between the valuable relief volunteers provide and the preferences of residents and their next of kin. Volunteers can promote and improve a holistic palliative care approach for residents in nursing homes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rousseau's conception of virtue is puzzling, for he sometimes defines virtue as self‐mastery and sometimes as patriotism. The prevailing Kantian interpretation emphasizes the first definition with its man‐citizen thesis, while attributing the latter to Rousseau's inconsistency. This article challenges this reading and argues that Rousseau intentionally operates with two conceptions of virtue: political virtue as love of fatherland and moral virtue as love of humanity. While the former relies on a state‐level amour‐propre that draws motivation from the division between nations, the latter hinges on conscience—an intelligent form of amour de soi—that reaches universal humanity. Underlying the two virtues is the irreconcilable tension between nature and politics. Where nature demands universal happiness incorporating all humans, politics necessitates passions that entail division. Retrieving Rousseau's dual conception of virtue highlights Rousseau's fundamental pessimism toward human politics, which has been blurred in the emerging Kantian‐liberal scholarship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kazuo Ishiguro's Never Let Me Go is a critically acclaimed novel that delves into dystopian themes of cloning, identity and the ethical dilemmas of scientific advancement. In an alternative reality where humans are cloned to provide organs for others, the novel delves into profound questions about what it means to be human, how identity is constructed and the moral implications of using human beings as tools for medical progress. This paper will analyze the central themes of the novel: emotional and psychological development of characters, the role of memory in the formation of identity and the ethical questions raised by Ishiguro. The analysis of several key scenes and characters sustains the argument that Never Let Me Go is a powerful commentary on the commodification of life and the limits of scientific innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combating climate change and achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are two important challenges facing humanity. Natural climate solutions (NCSs) can contribute to the achievement of these two commitments but can also generate conflicting trade‐offs. Here, we reviewed the literature and drew on expert knowledge to assess the co‐benefits of and trade‐offs between 150 SDG targets and NCSs within 12 selected ecosystems. We demonstrate that terrestrial, coastal, and marine NCSs enable the attainment of different sets of SDG targets, with low redundancy. Implementing NCSs in various ecosystems would therefore maximize achievement of SDG targets but would also induce trade‐offs, particularly if best practices are not followed. Reliance on NCSs at large scales will require that these trade‐offs be taken into consideration to ensure the simultaneous realization of positive climate outcomes and multiple SDG targets for diverse stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Beytulhikme: An International Journal of Philosophy is the property of Beytulhikme: An International Journal of Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Understanding the importance of microalgae in the health of humanity accelerate the progress in microalgae production through investigation and industrial production as an alternative for chemical and unhealthy productions. In this regard, green microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella zofingiensis have extensive applications representing their importance. Both chlorellae can be cultured in indoor environments and outdoors by remarkable adaption to the new altered condition. However, the growth rate is fast in three culture modes, including phototrophic, heterotrophic and mixotrophic. These robust biotechnological traits attract them more for researchers and engineers. There are some models and plans to increase the efficiency of products that, economically and technologically, must be feasible and plausible. In this study, we discussed investigations on scaling up the plants and their challenges. To cultivate and raise the growth rate of microalgae, knowledge of the nutrient requirements, the procedure of growth, and restrictions are necessary. Therefore, this study focused on comprehensive review about two widely-used and industrial applicable microalgae including C. vulgaris and C. zofingiensis. The differences and similarities in morphology, growth factors were assessed to help decision-makers and researches in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kultur Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Colour has been an indispensable element for humanity from past to present. Colour, which in the past was used only to add visual appeal and to differentiate from others, is now also used for various functional purposes (such as textiles that change colour with heat). The aim of this study is to investigate whether the fabric colour has an effect on the handle perception and warm/cool feeling of the user. Studies have shown that, in subjective evaluations, fabrics with warm colours (yellow, red and orange) cause softer and warmer feeling than those with cool colours (blue, green and purple). In fact, considering that there is no statistically significant difference between the handle and temperature values determined by objective test methods, it can be said that this perception may arise from the psychological effect of colour. All these results reveal that colour, beyond adding visual appreciation to the fabric, also has an effect on handle perception and warm/cool feeling, which play an important role in the purchasing process for customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dirasat: Shar'ia & Law Sciences is the property of University of Jordan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Islamic Civilization Studies / İslam Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi (IMAD) is the property of Islam Medeniyeti Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The word "prehistoric" came into general use in the 1860s, and it was not until around the turn of the twentieth century that saw the emergence of prehistoric fiction in English. In his 1838 tale, "Silence," however, Edgar Allan Poe had presented a form of prehistoric narrative by creating a fictional setting of West Central Africa. While casting new light on prehistoric fiction by discovering the tale's unexplored potential, this study finds itself associated with philosophy with special reference to the French-Continental philosophers Jacques Derrida and Quentin Meillassoux. Their deconstructive/speculative philosophies serve to reveal what has been unexplored in "Silence," hence allowing an understanding of how widely open it is to what belongs outside of history and humanity. An attempt is ultimately made to demonstrate that the tale's potentiality lies in its capacity to generate fresh perspectives not only on prehistory but also on pre-humanity and even on post-humanity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our history is filled with examples of humanity's resilience and adaptability in the face of technology challenges. Artificial intelligence (AI) brings significant potential for organizations' productivity improvement and societal advancement. But it also comes with challenges, such as the potential displacement of 300 million jobs and the risks to our democracies, universal values, and way of life. However, AI cannot replace all human skills. The European Union, U.S. White House, and the International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission are establishing new guidelines that help define our roles and responsibilities in governing the implementation of responsible AI solutions. Using this set of guidelines, this position paper lays the foundation for a practical framework at the specific intersection of AI and performance improvement (PI). The proposed framework provides actionable principles and process steps to blend AI as an integral part of PI interventions while ensuring that PI professionals anticipate the potential negative impact of AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over recent decades, environmental degradation has escalated, negatively impacting both the planet and humanity. Numerous studies have shown that this degradation is largely driven by human activities. A key strategy to address climate change and environmental damage is to promote changes in human behavior toward more sustainable environmental management practices. One effective approach, particularly in higher education, is the integration of eco-friendly curricula and technologies. This study aims to assess student awareness and the implementation of ecofriendly curriculum and technologies in Indonesian higher education, using a case study on environmental challenges. The findings indicate that while students possess some understanding of environmental issues, such as climate change and waste, their overall awareness and involvement remain low. This is largely due to the insufficient coverage of environmental topics within the university curriculum. Additionally, practices such as waste management and the provision of sustainable technologies, like drinking water systems, are still minimal on campuses. These results underscore the critical need for governments to prioritize the inclusion of environmental concerns and sustainable practices in university curriculum and campus operations. By doing so, a greater emphasis on environmental stewardship can be cultivated, leading to increased awareness and proactive engagement in environmental protection among students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The post-apocalyptic environment has been popular in video games for many decades—from nuclear fallout to alien invasions, there is a fascination with the decline of mankind. This article looks, in light of the Covid-19 outbreak, at the depiction of failing and inhuman worlds in video games about pandemics. The environments in games such as Bioshock (2007), Left 4 Dead (2008, 2009), and The Last of Us (2013), are unflinchingly cruel, often depicting humans (and the player) as selfish entities seeking only self-survival. These environments are destructively violent, and, although the player is often surrounded by 'mutants', these worlds are also oppressively lonely. This article looks at the fears reflected in pre-Covid-19 pandemic video games and what they say about our world, offering a retrospective view now we are living through a global pandemic perhaps not so different from those found in these games. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the first Indian 2019 Time Use Survey, we investigate the association between women's time spent on unpaid care work (UCW) and their employment status and whether this association differs by socio-demographic characteristics such as age, marital status, education level and household size, controlling for religion, social group status, household monthly expenditure and geographical location (e.g. rural versus urban settings). Using multinomial logistic regression, an inverse association was found between women's UCW and their employment status. An hour increase in women's time spent on UCW decreased their odds of employment, self-employment or pursuing higher education by 38 per cent, 27 per cent and 34 per cent, respectively. According to a decomposition analysis, almost 80 per cent of the odds ratios for employment status were due to increased time spent on UCW rather than the influence of socio-demographic characteristics. Findings underscore the need for integrating care provisions into the broader social and economic agenda for the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flower, recognized as a very important concept worldwide from the earliest ages, is considered a symbol that expresses emotions and thoughts within the shared understanding of humanity. The flower is also found in literature and, therefore, in poetry as a literary genre, showing its effect in many aspects of life. The shaping of the Turkish poetry map has become much more intense, especially during the Republican Period. The existence of movements that set out with different understandings proves this. The Second New movement which took shape in the mid-1950s is one of them. Cemal Süreya was a prominent poet in the Second New movement in Turkish poetry. Like many other poets, Süreya expresses sentiments about life, women, ideas and political identity by blending flowers with humor and his intellectual and versatile personality. The rose is one of the flowers the poet uses in this context. This article presents a different perspective on the poet's work by examining the specific poems and verses in which the rose is utilized, detailing the frequency and the manner of its application, and analyzing these. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A detailed reading of »The Eloquent Peasant« (ca. 1850 BCE) is proposed which focusses on philosophical practices, especially »speaking Ma'at« and its way of universalization. This way of universalization is characterized neither by reference to a realm of ideas nor to a form of shared humanity, but by an orientation on the cosmological, especially through the connectivity between cosmos and breath and air, which is part of the concept of Ma'at. In the multiperspectival way displayed in the »Eloquent Peasant«, »speaking Ma'at« is not only a way of speaking philosophically, but cosmopolitical dissent as well. Cosmopolitics is a way of dissenting by referring to universality, and in the »The Eloquent Peasant« it comes in a form of a cosmopolitics of breathing. A parallel reading of the »Zhuangzi« shows another form of cosmopolitics of breathing, elucidating differences, e.g. in their way of universalization [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No-one could have predicted that the relationship between the South American nation and the rising world economic giant would flourish and reach strategic levels, yet this is exactly what came about. The relationship between Venezuela and China went from being "strategic" to becoming a "strategic partnership," evolving into one of "comprehensive strategic partnership," and then to an "all-weather strategic partnership." Enshrined in many collaboration agreements, the relationship now covers almost every aspect of Venezuela's economy. From the very start, the leaders of both nations have always understood their collaboration as integral to the emergence of a multipolar geopolitics, an objective they are vigorously constructing. The rise of a multipolar world has been aided by the simultaneous decline of the United States and the meteoric increase in the economic ascendancy of China. Chávez's development of his country's relations with China helped open the gates to the building of strong relations between China and Latin America. The ultimate aim is the building of "a community of shared destiny for humanity." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have prompted extensive and public concerns about this technology's capacity to contribute to the spread of misinformation, algorithmic bias, and cybersecurity breaches and to pose, potentially, existential threats to humanity. We suggest that although these threats are both real and important to address, the heightened attention to AI's harms has distracted from human beings' outsized role in perpetuating these same harms. We suggest the need to recalibrate standards for judging the dangers of AI in terms of their risks relative to those of human beings. Further, we suggest that, if anything, AI can aid human beings in decision making aimed at improving social equality, safety, productivity, and mitigating some existential threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the course of social dialectics, the contribution of literature is very important in helping to understand social life. Literature shows itself the society and its originality explained as a product of social importance. Therefore, literature is the basis for understanding any society and the life of the people. The writer chooses the theme for his creation from the lives of the people. The writer who takes the life of the people as the subject not only registers the social life of the people but also expresses his desire. It can be seen through his creation. At the same time, One can see that the writer presents a critique of society in his work. It can be observed that there is an ideal society desired by the creator is displayed in his presentation. The writer explains how he presents his ideologies of social trends through his work. Thus, the ideological background he presents reveals the thinking and philosophical background of the writer. Therefore, to understand the social observation of the writer, it is necessary to understand the philosophical background which he discusses in his work. So, this article examines the concept of humanity on women as seen in the select works of Palanibharati.

This study delves into the philosophical insights of Muhammad Iqbal regarding the interaction between humanity, moderation, and technology in the digital age. Iqbal’s concept of khudi (selfhood) and his ethical framework provide a valuable lens for exploring contemporary challenges related to digital identity formation, the ethical implications of artificial intelligence, and technology integration into modern society. Using a qualitative research approach, this study employs textual analysis of Iqbal’s original writings and contemporary interpretations to address how his philosophy can inform ethical digital practices. Through thematic analysis and philosophical hermeneutics, the research reveals three primary insights: the transformative nature of technology on self-awareness, the ethical dilemmas arising from technological advancements, and the necessity of balancing technology with human values such as moderation and equality. The findings underscore the relevance of Iqbal’s thoughts in guiding individuals and societies toward responsible and ethical digital interactions. Ultimately, this research contributes to the growing discourse on digital ethics by offering a comprehensive framework grounded in Iqbal’s enduring philosophical principles. Future research prospects are proposed to integrate Iqbal’s teachings into practical applications for promoting digital moderation, equity, and ethical responsibility.

Josef Zumr was one of the leading representatives of modern Czech philosophical thought. His lifelong disposition was to be a realist of the Masaryk variety. He believed that a formative idea of humanity was the determinate element in the Czech tradition of thought. He found his unceasing conviction in the meaning and value of actuality in a conscious search for a supporting ideological cohesion in modern Czech thinking – in the urgent and convincing revelation of its original, rational sources and emancipatory heights. He himself critically thought through this quintessential line of expression in Czech thought, doing so creatively and with the full responsibility of an engaged intellectual, and developing it conceptually and thematically. With his critical intellectual stance, the paramount goal of which Zumr considered to be the positive reshaping of existing social reality, he opened up possibilities of effectively strengthening democratic principles. One of these complementary democratic principles weighed most heavily on Josef Zumr in the final phase of his life: freedom of speech. He left us on July 2, 2024 at the age of 96.

This article explores the representation of the female image in the visual artwork of generative AI and the gender issues in it, using eight different generative AI systems, ERNIE-ViLG 2.0, Shuhua, and Yihui from China and Nightcafe, Fotor, Jasper Art, DALLE and Deep dream generator from the West, as comparative cases. In this paper, female cyborg is selected as a representative of female images, using the theoretical framework of posthumanism. This paper first provides research background about generative AI and cyborg. By inputting the same text in these eight generative AI systems, this paper obtains 107 images in different scenarios of basic images, home, work, and fighting. By comparing and analysing these images horizontally and vertically, this paper explores how Chinese and Western generative AI systems perceive female cyborg. In conclusion, by choosing female cyborg as a representation of the female figure, this paper explores how generative AI imagines the future of humanity and how this imagination echoes with the human imagination in a paradoxical way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Human Cell Atlas (HCA) is a global partnership "to create comprehensive reference maps of all human cells—the fundamental units of life – as a basis for both understanding human health and diagnosing, monitoring, and treating disease." (https://www.humancellatlas.org/) The atlas shall characterize cells from diverse individuals across the globe to better understand human biology. HCA proactively considers the priorities of, and benefits accrued to, contributing communities. Here, we lay out principles and action items that have been adopted to affirm HCA's commitment to equity so that the atlas is beneficial to all of humanity. The Human Cell Atlas (HCA) aims to characterize cells from diverse individuals across the globe to better understand human biology. Here, the authors lay out principles and action items that have been adopted to affirm HCA's commitment to equity so that the atlas is beneficial to all of humanity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As digital technologies increasingly impact humanity, human–computer interaction (HCI) researchers and designers must find ways to create digital experiences that help us feel whole, affirm our lives, and encourage us to care for each other and our planet. The theory of living structure developed by Christopher Alexander is highly relevant to this end. Living structures are those that stir up feelings of wholeness, inspiration and comfort. Alexander's theory, which he refined empirically with a research team over six decades, demonstrates how to identify, evaluate and generate living structure. This article illustrates how Alexander's theory of living structure can be applied to digital design. The theory supports and furthers several threads of concern in HCI, including calm technology, value sensitive design, aesthetic interaction, and humanity-centered design. While Alexander is best known for originating the concept of design patterns, his theory of living structure may prove to be a much stronger compass for designing a favorable digital future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beyond the obvious technical difficulties, human attempts to communicate with hypothetical Extra-Terrestrial Intelligences also present a number of philosophical puzzles. After all, an alien intelligence is likely the closest thing to a Wittgensteinian lion humanity could ever encounter. In this paper I advance a new challenge for the feasibility of communication with extra-terrestrials. The problem I raise is a practical problem that falls out of the history and philosophy of mathematics and the implementation of METI projects—specifically, the semiprime self-decryption schema of the Drake Pictures message strategy. The Drake Pictures strategy presumes that aliens share the concept ‘prime number’ with us, as understanding that concept is necessary to decrypt our message. However, if the concept ‘prime number’ exhibited open texture at any point in its history, it could have developed in a different direction than it did in our history. If that is so, an alien could have the concept ‘prime number’ and still not be capable of decrypting our messages. I argue that this new problem is more trenchant than previous arguments in both the philosophy and SETI literature, such as applications of the aforementioned Lion argument and other concerns about the possibility of long-range communication without the assumption of shared concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses Gen 2:4b–15, emphasizing its relevance to the primary purpose of human creation. The text explains why the earth lacks productivity and plants, attributing it to the absence of rain and lack of someone to till the ground. The creation of human beings is seen as the solution, with a mandate to care for the earth. The article urges humanity to uphold the dignity of labour and protect earth's integrity, criticizing modern society, particularly Northern Nigeria, for chemical abuse and destructive practices. The study employs qualitative research and an analytical method, and contextualizes the text in contemporary society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the spring of 2022, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, social work teachers and students in Lviv provided shelter support to internally displaced people. This article explores the challenges faced as well as adapting pedagogy to the crisis. An online transnational collaboration and retrospective analysis approach was employed to gather information from the teachers and students. Through a descriptive analysis, informed by Honneth's theory of recognition and service-learning model pedagogy, the results highlight the complex challenges inherent in humanitarian assistance. This article contributes to a heightened understanding of the role social work plays in armed conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological studies have demonstrated that global human and national identities predict attitudes toward social groups and global issues. This study analyzed the relationship between these identities, attitudes toward political decisions contributing to international isolation, and attitudes toward the political system. The research was conducted in the spring to summer of 2022. Two cross-sectional studies (N1 = 588, N2 = 1,571), in which Russian respondents participated, showed that global human identification was negatively associated with the attitude toward Russian politicians' decisions increasing international isolation, while national identification was positively associated with it. Attitudes toward these decisions, in turn, were positively linked to the attitude toward the Russian political system. Moreover, attitudes toward political decisions fully mediated the negative effect of global human identification and partially mediated the positive effect of national identification on the attitude toward the political system. We interpreted the results in light of the distinctions between global human and national identities. Public Significance Statement: The research is significant as it contributes to a deeper understanding of the consequences of identification with one's own country and all humanity in terms of attitudes toward the political system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The shift in medical professionalism now considers the well-being of physicians, given the prevalence of burnout and the importance of work-life balance. To reconsider the question 'Why do doctors work for the patient?' and explore the meaning of working as a physician, this study adopts the concept of 'yarigai,' which represents fulfillment and motivation in meaningful work. The authors' research questions are: How do doctors recount experiences of yarigai in caring for patients? What kind of values are embodied in their stories about yarigai? Method: They adopted narrative inquiry as the methodology for this study. They interviewed 15 doctors who were recognized by their colleagues for their commitment to patient-centered care or had demonstrated yarigai in caring for patients. The semi-structured interviews were conducted face-to-face with each participant by the Japanese researchers, yielding 51 cases of patient-doctor interactions. After grouping the interview data, they translated the cases into English and identified four representative cases to present based on the set criteria. Results: From the 51 case studies, they constructed four representative narratives about the yarigai as a physician. Each of them spoke of (1) finding positive meaning in difficult situations, (2) receiving gifts embodying ikigai, (3) witnessing strength in a seemingly powerless human being, and (4) cultivating relationships that transcend temporal boundaries, as being rewarding in working as a physician. The main results of the study, which are the narratives, are described in the main body of the paper. Conclusion: The stories on yarigai gave intrinsic meanings to their occupational lives, which can be informative for students, residents, and young physicians when contemplating the meaning of their work as doctors. Rather than demanding selfless dedication from physicians towards patients, they believe it more important to foster yarigai, derived from the contribution to the well-being of others through patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the solar system, Icy Worlds such as Europa and Enceladus hold great potential for extraterrestrial life and may provide humanity an answer, within this century, to the age-old question of life beyond Earth. Exo-AUV technology shows promise in life detection in the icy shell, at the ice-water interface and on the seafloor of exo-ocean. Space agencies, including NASA and DLR, are enthusiastic about deploying Exo-AUVs to explore life in these regions. However, the where and how to find life, the technologies to be utilized and the goals to be achieved are crucial aspects for future Exo-AUV life detection missions on Icy Worlds. This study delves into a hypothetical mission of life detection on Europa, discussing science goals, detectable objects, potential regions and biogenic analysis for Icy Worlds. It proposes a life detection strategy for Icy Worlds based on Exo-AUVs, presents key contextual elements for Exo-AUV operations, outlines technological requirements for hull, payloads and autonomy, introduces the current state of Exo-AUV research and addresses existing challenges. This study also suggests a roadmap for conceptual development of Exo-AUV and a Concept of Operations for Multiple Exo-AUV System (ConOps for MEAS). This system aims to assist planetary scientists and astrobiologists in exploring Icy Worlds, identifying robust biosignatures and potentially discovering extant organisms, even prebiotic chemical systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]