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The Gas Metal Arc welding process was used to prepare single-track and single-track multilayer samples. The effects of CaF2 and TiO2 on the penetration width and depth of samples are studied. The results show that the addition of these two active agents will reduce the surface morphology quality of single-track, but it will deepen the penetration depth of single-track. Compared with sample of CaF2, sample of TiO2 can maintain a better single track morphology while increasing the penetration. The ratio of effective melting width to maximum melting width is close to that without adding.

Urban parks and green spaces are essential for improving the urban environment and enhancing ecological conditions. In this study, we utilize Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a foundation to comprehensively evaluate the overall condition of park green spaces in Hefei city, taking into account factors, such as quantity (including area), quality, and accessibility. Additionally, we propose corresponding optimization site selection schemes. The results indicate that (1) the parks and green spaces in the central urban area of Hefei city are more accessible in the southern and western parts, while they are less accessible in the northern and eastern parts; (2) the green spaces in the Shushan area are not closely connected, and the parks are not developed in a related manner. In the Yaohai and Baohe areas, green spaces are in conflict, and the parks are developing at a slower pace. However, in the Luyang area, park green spaces are integrated and positively developed; (3) it is suggested that five new parks are added to the research area, and the locations of the newly added parks should be consistent with the results of the accessibility analysis, so that the selected locations are more reasonable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Obesity is a significant public health concern across the globe. Research investigating epigenetic mechanisms related to obesity and obesity‐associated conditions has identified differences that may contribute to cellular dysregulation that accelerates the development of disease. However, few studies include Black women, who experience the highest incidence of obesity and early onset of cardiometabolic disorders. Methods: The association of BMI with epigenome‐wide DNA methylation (DNAm) was examined using the 850K Illumina EPIC BeadChip in two Black populations (Intergenerational Impact of Genetic and Psychological Factors on Blood Pressure [InterGEN], n = 239; and The Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy [GENOA] study, n = 961) using linear mixed‐effects regression models adjusted for batch effects, cell type heterogeneity, population stratification, and confounding factors. Results: Cross‐sectional analysis of the InterGEN discovery cohort identified 28 DNAm sites significantly associated with BMI, 24 of which had not been previously reported. Of these, 17 were replicated using the GENOA study. In addition, a meta‐analysis, including both the InterGEN and GENOA cohorts, identified 658 DNAm sites associated with BMI with false discovery rate < 0.05. In a meta‐analysis of Black women, we identified 628 DNAm sites significantly associated with BMI. Using a more stringent significance threshold of Bonferroni‐corrected p value 0.05, 65 and 61 DNAm sites associated with BMI were identified from the combined sex and female‐only meta‐analyses, respectively. Conclusions: This study suggests that BMI is associated with differences in DNAm among women that can be identified with DNA extracted from salivary (discovery) and peripheral blood (replication) samples among Black populations across two cohorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]