72 results on '"Hsin Yu Fang"'
Search Results
52. Khat (Catha edulis) alters the phenotype and anti-microbial activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- Author
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Munitta Muthana, Hussun Saeed Jezan, Hesham Abdul Aziz, Hsin-Yu Fang, Raga Musaid, and Craig Murdoch
- Subjects
Transcription, Genetic ,Cell Survival ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Apoptosis ,Catha ,Biology ,Pharmacology ,p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Immune system ,Phagocytosis ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Humans ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Interleukin 8 ,Receptors, Immunologic ,Cells, Cultured ,Membrane Glycoproteins ,Plant Extracts ,Streptococcus ,Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ,Toll-Like Receptor 2 ,Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Plant Leaves ,Toll-Like Receptor 4 ,Phenotype ,Cytokine ,Immunology ,Leukocytes, Mononuclear ,Cytokines ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Reactive Oxygen Species - Abstract
Aims of study The habit of khat chewing has been associated with increased risk of systemic and oral disease. Although research has been conducted on the affects of khat on oral epithelial cells, little is known about its influence on immune cells. This study examined the biological effects of khat on the phenotype and function of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Material and Methods Khat-stimulated PBMCs were examined for signs of cytotoxicity, apoptosis and changes in cell surface receptor and cytokine expression. Khat-induced regulation of transcription factors and stress-related factors were examined, as was PBMC phagocytic activity against oral bacteria. Results Khat was cytotoxic to PBMC in a dose- and time-dependent manner and cell death was mediated by apoptosis. Khat-treated PBMC showed increased expression of co-stimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86 and MHC II) and pattern recognition receptors (TLR-2, TLR-4 and TREM-1) but secretion of inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, CCL5, CXCL8) was inhibited. In contrast, khat induced an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 as well as IL-2, IFN-γ, FasL and HSP70. These khat-induced alterations were accompanied by increased expression of transcription factors p38 MAPK and HIF-1α, whilst expression of NFκB p65 was inhibited. Although the ability of PBMC to phagocytose dextran and oral bacteria was inhibited, production of reactive oxygen species was increased. Conclusion These data suggest that khat may severely influence the effectiveness of immune surveillance and anti-microbial capacity of PBMCs.
- Published
- 2011
53. Cell Autonomous and Non-Autonomous Functions of IKKβ and NF-κB during the Pathogenesis of Gastrointestinal Tumors
- Author
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Florian R. Greten and Hsin-Yu Fang
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Tumor microenvironment ,business.industry ,gastrointestinal cancer ,Cancer ,Review ,Suicide gene ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,NF-κB ,Paracrine signalling ,Oncology ,Cancer stem cell ,inflammation ,Immunology ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Medicine ,business ,Carcinogenesis - Abstract
Genetic studies describing a link between cancer and inflammation have increased recently. Activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and its effector pathways has been proposed to be the missing link between these two processes. NF-κB is persistently activated in several types of tumors. However, NF-κB has a distinct role in cancer cells and in inflammatory cells. While in tumor cells NF-κB controls cell survival, in inflammatory cells NF-κB activates genes that encode pro-inflammatory cytokines which further act in a paracrine manner within the tumor microenvironment to contribute to tumorigenesis. Inactivation of NF-κB can also reduce chemoresistance and radioresistance of cancer cells. Therefore, specific NF-κB inhibition in combination with cytotoxic drugs and/or irradiation represents a very promising strategy for cancer therapy.
- Published
- 2011
54. Dietary Amino Acid Availability and Anabolic Signaling Molecule Phosphorylation is Blunted in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
- Author
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Stephan van Vliet, Scott A. Paluska, Nicholas A. Burd, Hsin Yu Fang, Alexander V. Ulanov, Sarah K. Skinner, Kenneth R. Wilund, and Joseph W. Beals
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Dietary Amino Acid ,Endocrinology ,Anabolism ,Chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Phosphorylation ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Maintenance hemodialysis - Published
- 2018
55. Evaluation of Erythemal UV Effective Irradiance from UV Lamp Exposure and the Application in Shield Metal Arc Welding Processing
- Author
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Ta-Ho Tsao, Chiung-Yu Peng, Hsin-Yu Fang, Hung-hsin Liu, Cheng-Ping Chang, and Cheng-Hang Lan
- Subjects
Ultraviolet Rays ,Epidemiology ,business.industry ,Spectrum Analysis ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Irradiance ,medicine.disease ,law.invention ,Radiation Protection ,Optics ,Erythema ,law ,medicine ,Optoelectronics ,Environmental science ,Welding ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Arc welding ,Sunburn ,Spectrum analysis ,Radiation Injuries ,business ,Ultraviolet radiation ,Skin ,Action spectrum - Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is known to cause potential effects such as erythema in skin. For UV-induced erythema (sunburn), the action spectrum from the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage, International Commission on Illumination (CIE) was adopted. Erythemal UV effects from UVR lamp exposure were investigated with commercial spectroradiometry devices in this research. Three kinds of portable UV germicidal lamps with broadband UVA (BB UVA, 350-400 nm), broadband UVB (BB UVB, 280-350 nm), and narrowband UVC (NB UVC, 254 nm) wavelengths served as the UVR emission sources. An action spectrum expresses the effectiveness of radiation for assessing the hazard of UVR in the erythemal action spectrum from 250-400 nm. The UV Index (UVI) is an irradiance scale computed by multiplying the CIE erythemal irradiance integral in milliwatts per square meter by 0.04 m mW. A comprehensive approach to detecting erythemal UVR magnitude was developed to monitor the effective exposure from UV lamps. The erythemal UVR measurement was established and the exposure assessment was applied to monitor erythemal UVR magnitude from shield metal arc welding (SMAW) processing. From this study, the erythemal UVR exposures were assessed and evaluated with environmental solar simulation of the UVI exposure.
- Published
- 2008
56. Purification and characterization of a xylanase from Aspergillus carneus M34 and its potential use in photoprotectant preparation
- Author
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Tony J. Fang, Cheng-Hang Lan, Hsin Yu Fang, and Shin-Min Chang
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Microorganism ,Bioengineering ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biochemistry ,Husk ,Ferulic acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Xylanase ,Extracellular ,Hemicellulose ,Fermentation ,Food science ,Xylooligosaccharide - Abstract
An extracellular xylanase was purified to homogeneity from a culture of Aspergillus carneus M34. In contrast to xylanases from other microorganisms, only a low-molecular weight xylanase, approximately 18.8 kDa with a pI value of 7.7–7.9, was purified in this investigation. The optimum temperature and pH of this purified xylanase activity were 50 °C and 6, respectively. The xylanase was more stable under alkaline conditions and retained more than 50% activity after 12 h incubation at pH 7–9. Considering of its characteristics and N-terminal sequence, this xylanase was concluded as a new one belonging to the group I of family 11 endoxylanases. In addition, hemicellulose of coba husk was selected as the substrate for xylooligosaccharide preparation owing to its higher specificity for this xylanase. Feruloyl xylooligosaccharides were separated and shown potential antioxidative capacity in a cell model of ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced oxidative damage to keratinocyte xb-2.
- Published
- 2008
57. Production, optimization growth conditions and properties of the xylanase from Aspergillus carneus M34
- Author
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Meng Chou Hsieh, Tony J. Fang, Hsin Yu Fang, and Shin Min Chang
- Subjects
Aspergillus ,biology ,Strain (chemistry) ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Bioengineering ,biology.organism_classification ,Biochemistry ,Husk ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Aspergillus carneus ,Xylanase ,Hemicellulose ,Food science ,Response surface methodology ,Incubation - Abstract
Growth conditions, including incubation times, temperature, agitation rate and initial pH of medium, that affect xylanase production by Aspergillus carneus M34 were studied sequentially use the classical “change-one-factor-at-a-time” method. Our results showed that there was a similar trend between cellular xylanase activity and extracellular xylanase activity. The optimal conditions for xylanase production, different from their cell growth, were on the third day, 30 °C, 100 rpm and pH 4, respectively, in this test. Response surface methodology (RSM) was further introduced to optimize the cultivation conditions and to evaluate the significance of these factors. The optimal cultivation conditions predicted from canonical analysis of this model were achieved by incubation at 35.08 °C with an agitation rate of 111.9 rpm and an initial pH of 5.16. In addition, temperature was the most critical factor for xylanase production by A. carneus M34. Xylanase activity of 22.2 U/mL was verified using the predicted optimal conditions and confirmed the fitness and applicability of the model. The optimal temperature and pH of the crude xylanase activity was observed at 60 °C and acidic pH, respectively. Sustained xylanase activity in the crude extract was also detected over a broad range of pH from 3 to 10. Considering its higher specificity toward agricultural wastes, especially corn cob and coba husk, this strain can be used to develop low-cost media for the mass-production of xylanase.
- Published
- 2007
58. Inhibitory effect of
- Author
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Yao, Fong, Chia-Chun, Tang, Huei-Ting, Hu, Hsin-Yu, Fang, Bing-Hung, Chen, Chang-Yi, Wu, Shyng-Shiou, Yuan, Hui-Min David, Wang, Yen-Chun, Chen, Yen-Ni, Teng, and Chien-Chih, Chiu
- Subjects
Research - Abstract
Background Trans-ferulic (FA) acid exhibits antioxidant effects in vitro. However, the underlying mechanism of trans-FA activity in cellular physiology, especially cancer physiology, remains largely unknown. This study investigated the cellular physiological effects of trans-FA on the H1299 human lung cancer cell line. Methods The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay was used to determine free radical scavenging capability. Assessment of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated using oxidized 2ʹ,7ʹ-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and dihydroethidium staining. Trypan blue exclusion, colony formation, and anchorage-independent growth assays were used to determine cellular proliferation. Annexin V staining assay was used to assess cellular apoptosis by flow cytometry. Wound healing and Boyden’s well assays were used to detect the migration and invasion of cells. Gelatin zymography was used to detect matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity. Western blotting was used to detect expression levels of various signaling pathway proteins. Results DPPH assay results indicated that trans-FA exerted potent antioxidant effects. However, trans-FA increased intracellular ROS levels, including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, in H1299 cells. Trans-FA treatment inhibited cellular proliferation and induced moderate apoptotic cell death at the highest concentration used (0.6 mM). Furthermore, trans-FA moderately inhibited the migration of H1299 cells at the concentrations of 0.3 and 0.6 mM and attenuated MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity. Trans-FA caused the phosphorylation of β-catenin, resulting in proteasomal degradation of β-catenin. Conversely, trans-FA treatment increased the expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and decreased the expression of pro-survival factor survivin. Conclusion Various concentrations (0.06–0.6 mM) of trans-FA exert both anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects in the human lung cancer cell line H1299. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13020-016-0116-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2015
59. Differences in the lesion formation process between focused ultrasound and microwave ablations
- Author
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Wen-Shiang Chen, Chih-Ching Wu, Hsin-Yu Fang, and Hao-Li Liu
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Materials science ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Ultrasound ,Thermal therapy ,General Medicine ,Lesion formation ,Ablation ,High-intensity focused ultrasound ,Focused ultrasound ,Lesion ,medicine ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Microwave ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
The objective is to understand the differences in the lesion formation processes between microwave and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation. The lesions formed by microwaves and HIFU were real-time monitored and compared using transparent tissue-mimicking phantoms at 60 and 70 W of driving electrical power. Microwaves and HIFU produced lesions different in shape, size, and developing processes. For HIFU ablations, the hyperechoic region appeared bigger in ultrasonicimages, as compared with the protein denatured region observed optically at the end of 100 s ablations. On the contrary, the hyperechoic signal was only limited to a small region along the antenna of a microwave ablator. Careful monitoring and controlling the lesion formation process is essential for successful microwaves and HIFU thermal ablations.
- Published
- 2006
60. High Fat Diet Accelerates Esophageal Carcinogenesis in a Mouse Model of Barrett Esophagus
- Author
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Carlo Maurer, Joanne Lysaght, Andrew J. Dannenberg, Hsin-Yu Fang, Timothy C. Wang, Jonas Ingermann, Roland M. Schmid, Peter R. Holt, Richard A. Friedman, Katja Steiger, Natasha Stephens, Michael Quante, and Martin Klingenspor
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Hepatology ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Internal medicine ,Gastroenterology ,medicine ,High fat diet ,Esophagus ,business ,Esophageal carcinogenesis - Published
- 2017
61. Inflammation and Notch Activation in Stem Cells Accelerate Carcinogenesis in a Mouse Model of Barrett Esophagus
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Hsin-Yu Fang, Bettina Höhl, Timothy C. Wang, Michael Quante, and Jonas Ingermann
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hepatology ,business.industry ,Gastroenterology ,Inflammation ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Esophagus ,Stem cell ,Carcinogenesis ,business - Published
- 2017
62. CXCR4 Labels Immune Cells in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma and Could Serve as a Pet Tracer for Diagnostics and to Monitor Therapy Response
- Author
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Hans-Jürgen Wester, Stefan Stangl, Katja Steiger, Carlos Grengross, Natasha Stephens, Gabriele Multhoff, Hsin-Yu Fang, Margret Schottelius, Markus Schwaiger, Michael Quante, Timothy C. Wang, and Jonas Ingermann
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Therapy response ,Immune system ,Hepatology ,business.industry ,Gastroenterology ,medicine ,Esophageal adenocarcinoma ,Pet tracer ,business ,CXCR4 - Published
- 2017
63. The Eag Domain Regulates the Voltage-Dependent Inactivation of Rat Eag1 K+ Channels
- Author
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Chung Jiuan Jeng, Ting Feng Lin, Ssu Ju Fu, Hao Han Wu, Mei Miao Chiu, Guey-Mei Jow, and Hsin Yu Fang
- Subjects
Voltage-Gated Ion Channels ,Potassium Channels ,Patch-Clamp Techniques ,Recombinant Fusion Proteins ,Xenopus ,Mutant ,Protein domain ,lcsh:Medicine ,Gating ,Biology ,Transfection ,Biochemistry ,Ion Channels ,RNA, Complementary ,Mice ,Animals ,Humans ,Patch clamp ,lcsh:Science ,Membrane potential ,Multidisciplinary ,lcsh:R ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Proteins ,Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels ,Molecular biology ,Potassium channel ,Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels ,Cell biology ,Protein Structure, Tertiary ,Rats ,HEK293 Cells ,Oocytes ,lcsh:Q ,Female ,Erg ,Ion Channel Gating ,Research Article - Abstract
Eag (Kv10) and Erg (Kv11) belong to two distinct subfamilies of the ether-à-go-go K+ channel family (KCNH). While Erg channels are characterized by an inward-rectifying current-voltage relationship that results from a C-type inactivation, mammalian Eag channels display little or no voltage-dependent inactivation. Although the amino (N)-terminal region such as the eag domain is not required for the C-type inactivation of Erg channels, an N-terminal deletion in mouse Eag1 has been shown to produce a voltage-dependent inactivation. To further discern the role of the eag domain in the inactivation of Eag1 channels, we generated N-terminal chimeras between rat Eag (rEag1) and human Erg (hERG1) channels that involved swapping the eag domain alone or the complete cytoplasmic N-terminal region. Functional analyses indicated that introduction of the homologous hERG1 eag domain led to both a fast phase and a slow phase of channel inactivation in the rEag1 chimeras. By contrast, the inactivation features were retained in the reverse hERG1 chimeras. Furthermore, an eag domain-lacking rEag1 deletion mutant also showed the fast phase of inactivation that was notably attenuated upon co-expression with the rEag1 eag domain fragment, but not with the hERG1 eag domain fragment. Additionally, we have identified a point mutation in the S4-S5 linker region of rEag1 that resulted in a similar inactivation phenotype. Biophysical analyses of these mutant constructs suggested that the inactivation gating of rEag1 was distinctly different from that of hERG1. Overall, our findings are consistent with the notion that the eag domain plays a critical role in regulating the inactivation gating of rEag1. We propose that the eag domain may destabilize or mask an inherent voltage-dependent inactivation of rEag1 K+ channels.
- Published
- 2014
64. Multiple nodules on the bilateral lower extremities
- Author
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Hsin-Yu Fang, Chia-Hung Chen, and Wei-Chih Liao
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Cutaneous cryptococcosis ,business.industry ,Erythematous nodules ,Leg Ulcer ,Internal Medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Female ,Cryptococcosis ,Middle Aged ,business ,Dermatology - Published
- 2014
65. The subfamily-specific assembly of Eag and Erg K+ channels is determined by both the amino and the carboxyl recognition domains
- Author
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Mei-Miao Chiu, Chung Jiuan Jeng, Shu-Ching Chen, I-Wen Lin, Hsin Yu Fang, Chi-Sheng Yang, Hao-Han Wu, and Ting Feng Lin
- Subjects
Subfamily ,C-terminus ,Protein subunit ,Protein domain ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,Bioinformatics ,Biochemistry ,Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels ,Cell biology ,Protein Structure, Tertiary ,Rats ,N-terminus ,Xenopus laevis ,HEK293 Cells ,Animals ,Humans ,Site-directed mutagenesis ,Protein Structure, Quaternary ,Molecular Biology ,Erg - Abstract
A functional voltage-gated K(+) (Kv) channel comprises four pore-forming α-subunits, and only members of the same Kv channel subfamily may co-assemble to form heterotetramers. The ether-à-go-go family of Kv channels (KCNH) encompasses three distinct subfamilies: Eag (Kv10), Erg (Kv11), and Elk (Kv12). Members of different ether-à-go-go subfamilies, such as Eag and Erg, fail to form heterotetramers. Although a short stretch of amino acid sequences in the distal C-terminal section has been implicated in subfamily-specific subunit assembly, it remains unclear whether this region serves as the sole and/or principal subfamily recognition domain for Eag and Erg. Here we aim to ascertain the structural basis underlying the subfamily specificity of ether-à-go-go channels by generating various chimeric constructs between rat Eag1 and human Erg subunits. Biochemical and electrophysiological characterizations of the subunit interaction properties of a series of different chimeric and truncation constructs over the C terminus suggested that the putative C-terminal recognition domain is dispensable for subfamily-specific assembly. Further chimeric analyses over the N terminus revealed that the N-terminal region may also harbor a subfamily recognition domain. Importantly, exchanging either the N-terminal or the C-terminal domain alone led to a virtual loss of the intersubfamily assembly boundary. By contrast, simultaneously swapping both recognition domains resulted in a reversal of subfamily specificity. Our observations are consistent with the notion that both the N-terminal and the C-terminal recognition domains are required to sustain the subfamily-specific assembly of rat Eag1 and human Erg.
- Published
- 2014
66. Immunomodulatory effects of feruloylated oligosaccharides from rice bran
- Author
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Yu-Kuo Chen, Hsin-Yu Fang, Yi-Ting Fang, Hua-Han Chen, and Su-Yi Lin
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharide ,medicine.drug_class ,Gene Expression ,Oligosaccharides ,Nitric Oxide ,Anti-inflammatory ,Analytical Chemistry ,Nitric oxide ,Cell Line ,Ferulic acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,medicine ,Animals ,Immunologic Factors ,Prostaglandin E2 ,Cytotoxicity ,Bran ,Interleukin-6 ,Plant Extracts ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Macrophages ,Oryza ,General Medicine ,In vitro ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Seeds ,Food Science ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Feruloylated oligosaccharides (FOs), the ferulic acid ester of oligosaccharides, can be released either by the enzymatic or mild acid hydrolysis of arabinoxylans present in cereal bran, and are usually considered as natural antioxidants. However, no related research is available to explain their immunomodulatory effects. This report elucidated their immunomodulatory effects through the variations of pro-inflammatory mediators in vitro. FOs were obtained from the mild acid hydrolysis of rice bran. We found that FOs (0.1–100 μg/ml) induced tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-6, nitric oxide (NO) and PGE2 production in unstimulated macrophages, RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, pre- and post-treated FOs (0.1–100 μg/ml) dose-dependently suppressed TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NO production, and induced IL-10 production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells without exerting cytotoxicity. As a result anti-inflammatory and therapeutic activities were revealed. It is noteworthy that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was significantly suppressed at an FO level of 100 μg/ml. The in vitro assessment of inflammatory mediators should be useful in further characterising the effects of FOs on immunomodulation. Moreover, it will create the economical value of rice bran, which has long been considered as conventional agricultural wastes.
- Published
- 2011
67. Role of Tumour-Associated Macrophages in the Regulation of Angiogenesis
- Author
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Russell Hughes, Hsin-Yu Fang, Munitta Muthana, and Claire E. Lewis
- Subjects
Tumor angiogenesis ,Poor prognosis ,Stromal cell ,stomatognathic system ,Angiogenesis ,Cancer research ,Malignant cells ,Biology ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,Migration Inhibitory Factor - Abstract
As mentioned in previous chapters, tumours consist not only of malignant cells but also of various stromal cell types including tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) (Sica et al. 2008). One early sign that TAMs might influence tumour angiogenesis was the finding that TAM numbers positively correlate with tumour angiogenesis in breast carcinomas (Leek et al. 1996). Several subsequent studies have confirmed such a link in a wide array of tumour types (Aharinejad et al. 2004; Bailey et al. 2007; Koide et al. 2004; Ohta et al. 2003; Saji et al. 2001) and showed that high-TAM numbers are also often linked to poor prognosis (Bingle et al. 2002; Lewis and Pollard 2006). However, definitive evidence for the pro-angiogenic effect of TAMs in tumours was provided using various murine tumour models.
- Published
- 2011
68. Inhibitory effect of trans-ferulic acid on proliferation and migration of human lung cancer cells accompanied with increased endogenous reactive oxygen species and β-catenin instability.
- Author
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Yao Fong, Chia-Chun Tang, Huei-Ting Hu, Hsin-Yu Fang, Bing-Hung Chen, Chang-Yi Wu, Shyng-Shiou Yuan, Wang, Hui-Min David, Yen-Chun Chen, Yen-Ni Teng, and Chien-Chih Chiu
- Subjects
REACTIVE oxygen species ,ANTIOXIDANTS ,APOPTOSIS ,CELL physiology ,CULTURE media (Biology) ,DNA ,FLOW cytometry ,LUNG tumors ,PHENOLS ,RESEARCH funding ,STAINS & staining (Microscopy) ,SURVIVAL ,WESTERN immunoblotting ,FREE radical scavengers ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,IN vitro studies ,ONE-way analysis of variance - Abstract
Background: Trans-ferulic (FA) acid exhibits antioxidant effects in vitro. However, the underlying mechanism of trans-FA activity in cellular physiology, especially cancer physiology, remains largely unknown. This study investigated the cellular physiological effects of trans-FA on the H1299 human lung cancer cell line. Methods: The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay was used to determine free radical scavenging capability. Assessment of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was evaluated using oxidized 2',7'-dichloroluorescin diacetate and dihydroethidium staining. Trypan blue exclusion, colony formation, and anchorage-independent growth assays were used to determine cellular proliferation. Annexin V staining assay was used to assess cellular apoptosis by low cytometry. Wound healing and Boyden's well assays were used to detect the migration and invasion of cells. Gelatin zymography was used to detect matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity. Western blotting was used to detect expression levels of various signaling pathway proteins. Results: DPPH assay results indicated that trans-FA exerted potent antioxidant effects. However, trans-FA increased intracellular ROS levels, including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, in H1299 cells. Trans-FA treatment inhibited cellular proliferation and induced moderate apoptotic cell death at the highest concentration used (0.6 mM). Furthermore, trans-FA moderately inhibited the migration of H1299 cells at the concentrations of 0.3 and 0.6 mM and attenuated MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity. Trans-FA caused the phosphorylation of β-catenin, resulting in proteasomal degradation of β-catenin. Conversely, trans-FA treatment increased the expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and decreased the expression of pro-survival factor survivin. Conclusion: Various concentrations (0.06-0.6 mM) of trans-FA exert both anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects in the human lung cancer cell line H1299. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
69. Cell Autonomous and Non-Autonomous Functions of IKKβ and NF-κB during the Pathogenesis of Gastrointestinal Tumors.
- Author
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Hsin-Yu Fang and Greten, Florian R.
- Subjects
- *
CARCINOGENESIS , *CANCER cells , *ANTINEOPLASTIC agents , *CANCER treatment , *IMMUNOREGULATION , *CELLULAR immunity , *CYTOKINES - Abstract
Genetic studies describing a link between cancer and inflammation have increased recently. Activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and its effector pathways has been proposed to be the missing link between these two processes. NF-κB is persistently activated in several types of tumors. However, NF-κB has a distinct role in cancer cells and in inflammatory cells. While in tumor cells NF-κB controls cell survival, in inflammatory cells NF-κB activates genes that encode pro-inflammatory cytokines which further act in a paracrine manner within the tumor microenvironment to contribute to tumorigenesis. Inactivation of NF-κB can also reduce chemoresistance and radioresistance of cancer cells. Therefore, specific NF-κB inhibition in combination with cytotoxic drugs and/or irradiation represents a very promising strategy for cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
70. EVALUATION OF ERYTHEMAL UV EFFECTIVE IRRADIANCE FROM UV LAMP EXPOSURE AND THE APPLICATION IN SHIELD METAL ARC WELDING PROCESSING.
- Author
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Cheng-ping Chang, Hung-hsin Liu, Chiung-yu Peng, Hsin-Yu Fang, Ta-Ho Tsao, and Cheng-hang Lan
- Subjects
ULTRAVIOLET lamps ,GERMICIDAL lamps ,ULTRAVIOLET radiation ,SPECTROMETERS ,SPECTRUM analysis ,COMPUTER software ,SPECTRAL irradiance - Abstract
The article presents information on a study that evaluated the spectral emission from three kinds of portable ultraviolet (UV) germicidal lamps and assessed environmental solar equivalent doses of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure in laboratory. For erythemal UVR measurement and exposure evaluation, a broadband spectrometer system containing a cosine corrective detector (CCD) and spectral analysis software were utilized. The study concludes that it is practical to monitor the UVR biological irradiance for environmental solar-simulation exposure measurements.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
71. Submitted to the Medical Physics Journal as a TECHNIQUE NOTE Differences in the lesion formation process between focused ultrasound and microwave ablations.
- Author
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Wen-Shiang Chen, Chih-Ching Wu, Hsin-Yu Fang, and Hao-Li Liu
- Published
- 2006
72. The Subfamily-specific Assembly of Eag and Erg K+ Channels Is Determined by Both the Amino and the Carboxyl Recognition Domains.
- Author
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Ting-Feng Lin, I-Wen Lin, Shu-Ching Chen, Hao-Han Wu, Chi-Sheng Yang, Hsin-Yu Fang, Mei-Miao Chiu, and Chung-Jiuan Jeng
- Subjects
- *
POTASSIUM channels , *LABORATORY rats , *CARBOXYLATES , *CHEMICAL synthesis , *AMINO acid analysis , *POTASSIUM antagonists - Abstract
A functional voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channel comprises four pore-forming α-subunits, and only members of the same Kv channel subfamily may co-assemble to form heterotetramers. The ether-à-go-go family of Kv channels (KCNH) encompasses three distinct subfamilies: Eag (Kv10), Erg (Kv11), and Elk (Kv12). Members of different ether-à-go-go subfamilies, such as Eag and Erg, fail to form heterotetramers. Although a short stretch of amino acid sequences in the distal C-terminal section has been implicated in subfamily-specific subunit assembly, it remains unclear whether this region serves as the sole and/or principal subfamily recognition domain for Eag and Erg. Here we aim to ascertain the structural basis underlying the subfamily specificity of ether-à-go-go channels by generating various chimeric constructs between rat Eag1 and human Erg subunits. Biochemical and electrophysiological characterizations of the subunit interaction properties of a series of different chimeric and truncation constructs over the C terminus suggested that the putative C-terminal recognition domain is dispensable for subfamily-specific assembly. Further chimeric analyses over the Nterminus revealed that the N-terminal region may also harbor a subfamily recognition domain. Importantly, exchanging either the N-terminal or the C-terminal domain alone led to a virtual loss of the intersubfamily assembly boundary. By contrast, simultaneously swapping both recognition domains resulted in a reversal of subfamily specificity. Our observations are consistent with the notion that both the N-terminal and the C-terminal recognition domains are required to sustain the subfamily-specific assembly of rat Eag1 and human Erg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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