1,161 results on '"History of surgery"'
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52. The Medical Historical Cultural Foundations of Western Nasal Surgery from Ancient Greece to the Middle Ages
- Author
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Marinozzi, Silvia, Carbonaro, Riccardo, Messineo, Daniela, Raposio, Edoardo, Codolini, Luca, Sanese, Giuseppe, and Cervelli, Valerio
- Subjects
byzantine medicine ,hippocrates ,history of medicine ,history of rhinoplasty ,history of surgery ,rhinoplasty ,Surgery - Abstract
Abstract The manuscript aims to clarify the origins of Western rhinosurgery through the ancient texts of the greatest physicians of the past, up to the Byzantine Era, focusing on the “exchange of knowledge” between peoples. This excursus is carried out by quoting the texts of the greatest doctors of the past, such as Hippocrates, Galen and Celsus and by analysing the works of Byzantine authors such as Oribasius, Aetius, Antillus, which, more than others, represent the moment of fusion and interpenetration of Ancient Medical knowledge, paving the way for the Medieval Scholae Medicae in the West. The aim, therefore, is to fill that sort of "great gap" (from the foundation of Constantinople in the 4th century AD to the early Arab culture in the 11th century AD) due to the fact that figures such as Branca, Vianeo and, finally, Tagliacozzi, are considered direct actors of a recovery of the “ancient knowledge” of classic authors. This literature tends to less evaluate, instead, that important and huge cultural exchange -literally osmotic- in medical and surgical knowledge between peoples and civilizations, that find a trait d'union in the application of medical knowledge and surgical practical techniques matured in the Byzantine, Arab and Early Medieval period. In final analysis, through the History of Rhinosurgery, this paper aims to highlight how Western medical knowledge is made up of the ensemble of cultures which are apparently distant and different from each other, which merge themselves in a truly universal and transcultural knowledge: the Medical knowledge. Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
- Published
- 2022
53. Robert Milton Zollinger : 1903–1992
- Author
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Duh, Quan-Yang, Pasieka, Janice L., editor, and Lee, James A., editor
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
54. ‘They had no fever…’ Ambroise Paré (1510–1590) and his method of gunshot wounds management
- Author
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Elena Berger and Sergey Glyantsev
- Subjects
history of surgery ,gunshot wounds ,Ambroise Paré ,Giovanni da Vigo ,wound dressings ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Museums. Collectors and collecting ,AM1-501 - Abstract
By the fifteenth-century firearms had spread all over Europe, but surgeons had no idea how to cure gunshot wounds. It was generally accepted that high mortality from gunshot wounds could be explained by some kind of ‘gunshot poison’ entering the body with the bullet, but information and practical advice on managing gunshot wounds varied enormously across Europe. There were no appropriate instructions for such a new kind of wound in the ancient medical tradition and more recent ideas were unevenly distributed. Although known in Germany, Hieronymus Brunschwig’s Buch der Wund Artzney (1497) seems to have been unfamiliar in France and instead French surgeons focused on Giovanni da Vigo’s La Practique et chirurgie (1542), which was translated into several languages. Ambroise Paré also followed da Vigo, but in the battlefield he had to revise the generally accepted method of gunshot wound treatment. In response to his experiences he proposed a new version of wound care where cauterisation was replaced with a ligature of the vessels and the use of a healing balm dressing. In his treatise Des Playes faicts par haquebutes et autres bastons à feu (1545) he described the main stages of healing and the principles of wound care he finally adopted. As Paré fell out of fashion, the idea of ‘gunshot poison’ was rejected by the medical authorities, but the technique of cauterising gunshot wounds, abandoned by Paré, was still practiced. Opponents of Paré argued that only a few people were cured by him and that those who were, were not seriously injured. It is of course impossible to know how many soldiers were cured with the help of Paré’s method but it nevertheless served as a basis for a new surgical paradigm. Perhaps most importantly, Paré’s method centred on the wish to reduce pain in the treatment process – an idea that was entirely new and ahead of its time.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
55. Neurosurgery at Baylor Scott & White Health: Recent History and a Decade of Neurosurgery Residency Training.
- Author
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Daly SR, Nguyen AV, Reed LK, Elnihum IM, Harris FS, Garrett D, Wu E, Cooper JK, Vance AZ, and Huang JH
- Abstract
Neurosurgery at Baylor Scott & White Memorial Hospital in Temple, Texas began as a division in the Department of Surgery many decades ago. The hospital has long served as the flagship tertiary referral center for the Baylor Scott & White healthcare system, which merged in 2013 with Baylor University Medical Center, a hospital system based in Dallas. It is now the largest non-profit hospital system as well as the most awarded hospital system by the US News and World Report within the state of Texas. The Department of Neurosurgery was established at Baylor Scott & White Memorial Hospital in the 2006-2007 academic year. Between then and 2014, four neurosurgeons served as department chair or interim chair: Dr. Robert Buchanan, Dr. Gerhard Friehs, Dr. Ibrahim El Nihum, and Dr. David Garrett Jr. In 2014, Dr. Jason Huang was appointed chairman after a national search and established the neurosurgery residency program in 2015. The department has undergone tremendous growth under the leadership of Dr. Huang, and the residency program is a priority of the department. Surgical excellence is honed at primarily three campuses: Baylor Scott & White Memorial Hospital, Baylor Scott & White McLane Children's Medical Center, and Baylor Scott & White Medical Center - Hillcrest. In this editorial, we provide a brief history of the institution, a recent history of the neurosurgical presence at Baylor Scott & White Memorial Hospital in Temple, Texas, and briefly describe the program's future directions under the continued leadership of Dr. Jason Huang., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, Daly et al.)
- Published
- 2024
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56. [Contribution of A.F. Kablukov (1857-1915) to biliary surgery].
- Author
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Zvereva EE and Kutya SA
- Subjects
- Humans, History, 20th Century, History, 19th Century, Russia, Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures history, Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures methods, Biliary Tract Diseases history, Biliary Tract Diseases surgery, Cholecystectomy history, Cholecystectomy methods
- Abstract
In 2023, it was 130 years since the opening of the Alexander Surgical Hospital at the Tauride Provincial Zemstvo Hospital, where many talented doctors worked. This authors present new facts about outstanding surgeon who worked in Simferopol at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, Alexander Fedorovich Kablukov (1857-1915). He was a founder of surgical school in the Tauride province, who first described cholecystectomy In Russian-language literature. The report covers in detail famous surgery restored thanks to pre-revolutionary sources. Excerpts from other little-known reports of surgeon related to the treatment of gallbladder and biliary diseases are also presented.
- Published
- 2024
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57. [Contribution of Kablukov A.F. to development of surgery in the Taurida gubernatorial hospital].
- Author
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Kutya SA and Zvereva YY
- Subjects
- Humans, Hospitals, Surgeons
- Abstract
The authors discuss the contribution of the outstanding Simferopol surgeon Alexander Fedorovich Kablukov to development of surgery in the Taurida gubernia at the end of the 19
th - beginning of the 20th century. To date, there is no detailed information about his biography in the literature. The only fact associated with this surgeon is his famous surgery, i.e. the first cholecystectomy described in detail in national literature. Considering pre-revolutionary sources and archival documents, we established that A.F. Kablukov contributed to the new quality level of surgical treatment in the Taurida gubernatorial hospital (the largest hospital in this gubernia).- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
58. Surgery Before and After the Discovery of Anesthesia
- Author
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Silen, William, Frost, Elizabeth A. M., Eger II, Edmond I, editor, Saidman, Lawrence J., editor, and Westhorpe, Rod N., editor
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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59. Neurosurgery in the Brazilian Amazon: Is It Possible?
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Silva, Nicole A., Silva Vaz, Herison Harrider, Ribeiro, Adriele Feitosa, Sule, Harsh, Sifri, Ziad C., Nanda, Anil, and Jennings Simões, Erik Leonardo
- Subjects
- *
NEUROSURGEONS , *MIDDLE-income countries , *LOW-income countries , *NEUROSURGERY , *HISTORY of surgery ,SURGERY practice - Abstract
The need for neurosurgical care across the globe remains a public health issue. The creation of sustainable neurological surgery departments and training programs will be indispensable in alleviating the burden of neurological disease in low to middle income countries (LMICs). We reviewed the history of the neurological surgery department and residency program of Santarém in the state of Pará, Brazil, from 1999 to the present. We have described the epidemiology unique to the region and provided evidence of a sustainable practice in a LMIC. The challenges, limitations, and resources were explored. We have provided a historical vignette of the evolution of neurological surgery in the Brazilian Amazon, including the creation of a sustainable neurological surgery practice and accredited residency program. In addition, we assessed the neurological surgery burden and epidemiology unique to the region, with an emphasis on the community and indigenous health in this remote area. We also explored the future directions of this example, which could affect the international neurological surgery community. A sustainable neurosurgery practice and training program is possible in a LMIC. Training neurosurgeons in developing regions of LMICs is a sustainable method to decrease the morbidity and mortality of neurological diseases and prevent the misdistribution of physicians in a country. We encourage adaptation of sustainable neurological surgery practices in similar regions across the world to increase access to necessary neurosurgical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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60. Baylor University Medical Center's leap to prominence: The 1972 conference "Great Ideas in Surgery".
- Author
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Alivizatos, Peter A.
- Abstract
In 1972, Baylor University Medical Center established the A. Webb Roberts Center for Continuing Education in the Health Sciences. The center included the Beulah Porter Beasley Memorial Auditorium and a 25,000-volume medical library. The author was fortunate enough to attend the 2-day meeting (November 3–4) as a fellow in cardiovascular surgery. The following account is based on his personal recollections but also on the papers published by the participants and bequeathed to him by the late chief of the Department of Surgery, Robert S. Sparkman, MD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
61. Abulcasis (936-1013): his work and contribution to orthopaedics.
- Author
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Markatos, Konstantinos, Mavrogenis, Andreas, Brilakis, Emmanouil, Korres, Demetrios, Karamanou, Marianna, and Chronopoulos, Efstathios
- Subjects
- *
SURGICAL instruments , *OPERATIVE surgery , *MEDICAL writing , *PHYSICIANS , *PHARMACOLOGY - Abstract
Aim Of the Study: The purpose of this historic review is to summarize the life and work of Abulcasis (936-1013) and his contribution to surgery and orthopaedics.Method: We conducted an extensive search in libraries as well as online in PubMed and Google Scholar.Results: Abulcasis in his work combines the knowledge of ancient Greek and Roman physicians and surgeons with the extensive knowledge of Arabic medicine and pharmacology. He also pioneered surgical technique with the invention of numerous surgical instruments and with several revolutionary surgical techniques.Conclusion: Abulcasis made an impact with his medical writings in which he summarized the works of ancient Greek and Roman physicians like Hippocrates and Galen with the influence of medieval authors and the knowledge of the Arabic medicine and pharmacology. His descriptions and innovations in his work remained a work of reference in the West and East for many centuries to come. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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62. Pathfinders in oncology from the end of the 19th century to the first description of Ewing sarcoma.
- Author
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Hajdu, Steven I.
- Subjects
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NINETEENTH century , *CANCER cell growth , *TUMOR growth , *ONCOLOGY , *BACTERIAL toxins - Abstract
During the period 1884 to 1922, the only option in cases of operable cancers was radical surgery, and only a minority of patients were cured. Sporadic attempts were made to treat inoperable cancer patients with bacterial toxins; however, with the discovery of x‐ray and radium, the era of radiation treatment as an alternative to surgery began. The discovery of transmissible cancers and experimental growth of cancer cells offered new information and not only led to a better understanding of the cellular composition of cancers but also yielded important information that ultimately paved the way to chemotherapy. These efforts also advanced the understanding of the pathogenesis of tumors and induced new clinical and pathologic classifications and subspecializations. It is important to emphasize that many of the initiatives and discoveries made in Europe in the second half of the 19th century were first put into clinical practice in the United States during the first 2 decades of the 20th century, including the use of x‐ray and radium for irradiation and as diagnostic tools. All things considered, the progress made between 1884 and 1922 came about through the hard work of many eminent individuals; however, there were 7 foresighted pathfinders (3 surgeons, 2 pathologists, 1 internist, and 1 physicist) who—despite their widely diverse backgrounds, personalities, and expertise—made remarkable contributions to oncology to an extent that is still felt today. During the 4 decades reviewed herein, advancements in surgical techniques and tumor pathology dominated the field of oncology; however, with the discoveries of x‐ray and radium, the era of diagnostic radiology and radiation therapy commenced. The biographies and historical background of 7 individuals who contributed the most to the progression of oncology from 1884 to 1922 are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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63. An Academic Picture of Plastic Surgery from Past to Present: Bibliometric Analysis of Turkish Plastic Surgery Literature in International Journals (1976-2018).
- Author
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Demir, Ahmet and İşken, Tonguç
- Subjects
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PLASTIC surgery , *PLASTIC analysis (Engineering) , *HISTORY of surgery , *LITERATURE , *LIBRARY science - Abstract
Introduction: In this study we aimed to analyze the international and Turkish contribution of the plastic surgery literature in the last 42 years and compare results to each other. Materials and Methods: Web of Science online library (v.5.30) was used as a database. Papers that published between 1976-2018 were analyzed for both international and Turkey separately in terms of distribution of papers according to the years, rankings of source countries, rankings of source organizations, publishing journals, numbers of citations and contributing authors. Results were presented as numerical data. Results: Rohrich RJ is in the first place with 743 publications in the field of plastic surgery history. In the ranking of countries contributing to the plastic surgery literature, Turkey ranks 4th standings. Conclusions: Publishing papers in highly populated journals would add on the papers itself is a false belief. In recent years Turkey's contribution to the international plastic surgery literature has as decreasing trend. Repeating of this type bibliometric analyze studies every five 5 year may aid to understand academical progresses and trends better for both international arena and Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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64. Advances in Fetal Surgery: Current and Future Relevance in Plastic Surgery.
- Author
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Gimenez, Alejandro, Kopkin, Rachel, Chang, Daniel K., Belfort, Michael, and Reece, Edward M.
- Subjects
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FETAL surgery , *PLASTIC surgery , *MINIMALLY invasive procedures , *PLASTIC surgeons , *HUMAN abnormalities , *HISTORY of surgery - Abstract
Scarless healing has long been the holy grail for plastic surgery. While historically fetal surgery has tempted plastic surgeons with the allure of scarless correction of congenital abnormalities, the risks far outweighed the benefits and these interventions never materialized. Current advances in fetal surgery with minimally invasive fetoscopic surgery have made these early fetal interventions safer, leading to expanding applications. While the plastic surgeon's role is limited as of yet, this article provides a review of the history of fetal surgery and the advances that may become relevant to the future plastic surgeon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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65. History of Spinal Surgery in Japan - From the Pioneering Period to the Progressive Era (1911-2017).
- Author
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Hiroshi Abe
- Subjects
- *
SPINAL surgery , *HISTORY of surgery , *SYRINGOMYELIA , *CERVICAL spondylotic myelopathy , *LAMINECTOMY , *MYELOGRAPHY , *ENDOSCOPIC surgery , *SPINAL cord surgery , *MYELOMENINGOCELE - Published
- 2019
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66. Addressing the ethical grey zone in surgery: a framework for identification and safe introduction of novel surgical techniques and procedures.
- Author
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Brown, Kilian, Solomon, Michael J., Young, Jane, Seco, Michael, and Bannon, Paul G.
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OPERATIVE surgery , *BILE ducts , *HUMAN experimentation , *HISTORY of surgery , *SURGERY , *CHOLANGIOGRAPHY - Abstract
While the introduction of new surgical techniques can radically improve patient care, they may equally expose patients to unforeseen harms associated with untested procedures. The enthusiastic uptake of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the early 1990s saw a dramatic increase in the rate of common bile duct injuries, and was described by Alfred Cuschieri as 'the biggest unaudited free‐for‐all in the history of surgery' due to 'a lack of effective centralised control'. Whether a new surgical intervention is considered an acceptable 'minor' variation of an established procedure, or is sufficiently 'novel' to constitute experimentation on human subjects is often unclear. Furthermore, once a new technique is identified as experimental, there is no agreed protocol for safety evaluation in a first‐in‐human setting. In phase I (first‐in‐human) pharmacological trials only small, single arm cohorts of highly selected patients are enrolled in order to establish the safety profile of a new drug. This exposes only a small number of patients to the unknown or unforeseen risks that may be associated with a new agent, in a highly regulated and scientifically rigorous manner. There is no equivalent study design for the introduction of new and experimental surgical procedures. This article proposes a practical stepwise approach to the safe introduction of new surgical procedures that surgeons and surgical departments can adopt. It includes criteria for new surgical techniques which require formal prospective ethical evaluation, and a novel study design for conducting a safety evaluation at the 'first in human' stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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67. Otorynolaryngologia w chirurgicznej działalności lwowskiego chirurga Romana Barącza (1856-1930), profesora Uniwersytetu Jana Kazimierza.
- Author
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KIERZEK, ANDRZEJ
- Subjects
- *
ORAL mucosa , *EAR diseases , *PLASTIC surgery , *LARYNX , *TRACHEA - Abstract
The life, professional and scientific paths of Roman Zygmunt Odrowąż Barącz (1856-1930), a versatile surgeon who successfully operated on ear diseases, nasopharyngeal fibroids, rhinoscleroma, and other nose diseases were shown at the beginning. He skilfully performed plastic surgeries, not only of the nose, but of the oral mucosa, palate, anterior wall of the trachea, etc. He operated on larynx cysts. He was an authority in diagnostics and therapy of actinomycosis, also of the respiratory tract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
68. De l'histoire des chirurgiens cachés derrières nos instruments du quotidien. Partie 1 : pinces et pincettes.
- Author
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Rasteau, S. and Sigaux, N.
- Abstract
Résumé Bien des instruments chirurgicaux portent les noms de leurs inventeurs, chirurgiens du passé souvent émérites de par leurs découvertes et leurs contributions à l'avancée des techniques chirurgicales. Cependant, ce rappel quotidien à l'histoire de la chirurgie est bien souvent oublié des praticiens contemporains. Nous nous proposons donc d'étudier, à travers une sélection d'instruments, de brèves biographies de ces précurseurs. Ce premier article se consacrera aux inventeurs des pinces de Debakey, Adson, Kocher, Péan, Tuffier et Halsted. Summary Many surgical instruments are named after their inventors, acclaimed surgeons of the past, because of their discoveries and their contributions in the field of surgical techniques. However, these daily reminders of History of Surgery are often forgotten by the modern practitioners. We propose to review, through a selection of instruments, short biographies of these precursors. This first original article will focus on the inventors of modern forceps: Debakey, Adson, Kocher, Péan, Tuffier and Halsted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
69. Wounded: 'They had no fever…' Ambroise Paré (1510-1590) and his method of gunshot wounds management.
- Author
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Berger, Elena and Glyantsev, Sergey
- Subjects
- *
GUNSHOT wounds , *WOUND healing , *WOUND care , *THERAPEUTICS , *FEVER , *PAIN management - Abstract
By the fifteenth-century firearms had spread all over Europe, but surgeons had no idea how to cure gunshot wounds. It was generally accepted that high mortality from gunshot wounds could be explained by some kind of 'gunshot poison' entering the body with the bullet, but information and practical advice on managing gunshot wounds varied enormously across Europe. There were no appropriate instructions for such a new kind of wound in the ancient medical tradition and more recent ideas were unevenly distributed. Although known in Germany, Hieronymus Brunschwig's Buch der Wund Artzney (1497) seems to have been unfamiliar in France and instead French surgeons focused on Giovanni da Vigo's La Practique et chirurgie (1542), which was translated into several languages. Ambroise Paré also followed da Vigo, but in the battlefield he had to revise the generally accepted method of gunshot wound treatment. In response to his experiences he proposed a new version of wound care where cauterisation was replaced with a ligature of the vessels and the use of a healing balm dressing. In his treatise Des Playes faicts par haquebutes et autres bastons à feu (1545) he described the main stages of healing and the principles of wound care he finally adopted. As Paré fell out of fashion, the idea of 'gunshot poison' was rejected by the medical authorities, but the technique of cauterising gunshot wounds, abandoned by Paré, was still practiced. Opponents of Paré argued that only a few people were cured by him and that those who were, were not seriously injured. It is of course impossible to know how many soldiers were cured with the help of Paré's method but it nevertheless served as a basis for a new surgical paradigm. Perhaps most importantly, Paré's method centred on the wish to reduce pain in the treatment process - an idea that was entirely new and ahead of its time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
70. Caprio and Merola: Latin American Contribution to the Development of Liver Surgery.
- Author
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Ruso Martinez, Luis
- Subjects
- *
LIVER surgery , *OPERATIVE surgery , *LIVER cancer , *LATIN Americans , *HISTORY of surgery , *LIVER - Abstract
Regarding the history of liver surgery, Latin American pioneers have only occasionally been mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon literature. One of such rare cases was Uruguayan surgeon Gerardo Caprio, who in 1931 published a report about a resection of the left lobe of the liver. This was done during an uneventful period in the development of ideas on this surgical technique, following the remarkable advances made in the last quarter of the 19th Century. The anatomic and liver manipulation concepts used by Caprio had been developed by Merola in reports dating back to 1916 and 1920, which revealed well-grounded disagreements with the most renowned anatomists of the time. This paper discusses Merola and Caprio's academic profile by analyzing their publications, the knowledge base and experience that led the latter to perform such liver resection, and the surgical principles applied to it, which would only be formally adopted worldwide 20 years later. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
71. Historical Instruments for the Modern Sinus Surgeon.
- Author
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Brody-Camp, Sabrina A., Weinert, Dane A., and McCoul, Edward D.
- Subjects
SURGEONS - Abstract
Background Despite a proliferation of technological advances in sinonasal surgery, "cold steel" instruments still comprise the core of the sinus surgeon's tools of the trade. Many of these implements retain eponyms that recall the legacies of prominent surgeons of the past. Objective This review aims to familiarize the reader with the lives of 10 men who designed and popularized some of the most recognizable sinus instruments, without which the practice of rhinologic surgery would be unrecognizable. Results Ten individuals whose inventions are still used to this day and retain their names: Hartmann, Killian, Freer, Blakesley, Weil, Frazier, Grünwald, Hajek, Takahashi, and Cottle. Conclusion Review of the history of these instruments helps demonstrate how sinus surgery has evolved to where it is today. The men described in this review transformed the practice of rhinologic surgery with their ingenuity and perseverance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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72. Hallmarks of amputation surgery.
- Author
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Markatos, Konstantinos, Karamanou, Marianna, Saranteas, Theodosios, and Mavrogenis, Andreas F.
- Subjects
- *
PERIPHERAL vascular diseases , *AMPUTATION , *OPERATIVE surgery , *TOURNIQUETS , *LITERATURE & history , *HISTORY of surgery - Abstract
Purpose: To highlight the most important innovations and milestones in the historical evolution of amputation and disarticulation surgery through the ages, from the early antiquity until the modern era.Method: A thorough search of the literature was undertaken in PubMed and Google Scholar as well as in physical books in libraries to summarize current and classic literature on the hallmarks of the history of amputation surgery in the course of medical history.Results: Amputation of a limb is one of the oldest surgical procedures. Initially, it was fraught with complications and dismal outcome of the patients because of hemorrhage and infection. Due to lack of analgesics and narcotics the operation had to take only a few minutes. Obtaining experience, the surgeons evolved the operative technique and refined the procedure, anesthesia and perioperative analgesia was introduced, instruments were developed, and rehabilitation has enabled functional and social reintegration of amputees.Conclusion: From the Hippocratic era until currently, the surgical approach to amputation has changed little. However, the indications for amputations have changed a lot and had been refined, especially in diabetic patients and in those with severe chronic peripheral vascular disease. An exponential decrease in mortality for an operation once fraught with complications was due to the development of the tourniquet, proper vessel ligation and repair, antisepsis, and anesthesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
73. Esophageal atresia, Europe, and the future: BAPS Journal of Pediatric Surgery Lecture.
- Author
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Ure, Benno
- Abstract
Abstract Europe has changed remarkably over the past decades and so have concepts and outcomes of esophageal atresia repair. In this article, both the efforts to create a united Europe and the achievements in dealing with esophageal atresia from the 1950s on are outlined. Furthermore, this paper deals with the future of pediatric surgery and is focused on two aspects: the "Fourth Industrial Revolution" which builds on the digital revolution, artificial intelligence and robotics, and its potential impact on pediatric surgery and the life of patients. I suggest that pediatric surgeons should participate and lead in the development of machine learning, data control, assuring appropriate use of machines, control misuse, and in particular ensure appropriate maintenance of ethical standards. Changes in health care structures within Europe, in particular the effect of centralization, will affect the concept of treatment for patients with rare diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
74. Metody chirurgiczne leczenia opadania powiek w kontekście historycznym.
- Author
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KRAJEWSKA-WĘGLEWICZ, Larysa, BANACH, Marta, SKOPIŃSKI, Piotr, DOROBEK, Małgorzata, SEMPIŃSKA-SZEWCZYK, Joanna, and Filipiak, Ewa
- Abstract
Copyright of Review of Medicine / Przeglad Lekarski is the property of Wydawnictwo Przegld Lekarski / Publisher Medicine Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
75. Pierre Franco (1505-1578): An Innovative Surgeon of the 16th Century in the Treatment of Hernia and Lithotomy.
- Author
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Markatos, Konstantinos, Karamanou, Marianna, Korres, Demetrios, Tsourouflis, Gerasimos, Damaskos, Christos, Garmpis, Nikolaos, and Androutsos, Georgios
- Subjects
HERNIA surgery ,HISTORY ,SURGEONS ,URINARY calculi - Abstract
Pierre Franco (1505-1578) was a brilliant surgeon of the Renaissance, a contemporary of Ambroise Paré. He made an impact on the history of surgery with his innovative approaches in the treatment of hernia, lithotomy, and the use of the suprapubic incision. The purpose of this study is to present a detailed account of his work, innovations, and achievements as well as the impact he made on the surgery of the Renaissance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
76. John Hilton (1805-1878) jego życie i osiągnięcia w zakresie anatomii, chirurgii, neurologii oraz neurochirurgii.
- Author
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ZAMACHOWSKA, MONIKA and GRZYBOWSKI, ANDRZEJ
- Subjects
ANATOMISTS ,HISTORY of medicine ,NEUROLOGY ,EPONYMS ,NEUROSURGERY ,HISTORY of surgery ,ANATOMY education - Abstract
Copyright of Archives of the History & Philosophy of Medicine / Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny is the property of Polskie Towarzystwo Historii Medycyny i Farmacji and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
77. Justin H. Kelly and his procedure for bladder exstrophy and epispadias
- Author
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Kiarash Taghavi, Imran Mushtaq, and J. H. Kelly
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Bladder exstrophy epispadias complex ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Anorectal anomalies ,General Medicine ,Epispadias ,Paediatric urology ,medicine.disease ,Bladder exstrophy ,History of surgery ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Surgery ,business - Abstract
The operations involved in the repair of complete bladder exstrophy (CBE), familiarly known as the Kelly procedure, evolved over more than 100 years. Through repeated cycles of trial and error, some of the most prominent urologists in the world developed techniques that addressed each of the formidable surgical challenges presented by CBE and epispadias. A key figure is Justin H. Kelly of the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, who made surgery for CBE his life's work. He took the lessons of his surgical predecessors, giants like: Friedrich Trendelenburg, Hugh Hampton Young, John Dees, and Guy Leadbetter, applied techniques for anorectal anomalies from his contemporary Alberto Pena, and saw his procedures improved by the next generation of leaders in paediatric urology that included Phillip Ransley, Peter Cuckow, Patrick Duffy, and John Gearhart. Over his long career, Mr Kelly modified and perfected his eponymous procedure patient-by-patient through a painstaking process of trial-and-error, bearing with his young patients and their families through every heart-breaking complication, and gradually creating the standard operation for children with CBE and epispadias.
- Published
- 2022
78. Prior bariatric surgery lowers complication rates following spine surgery in obese patients.
- Author
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Passias, Peter G., Horn, Samantha R., Vasquez-Montes, Dennis, Shepard, Nicholas, Segreto, Frank A., Bortz, Cole A., Poorman, Gregory W., Jalai, Cyrus M., Wang, Charles, Stekas, Nicholas, Frangella, Nicholas J., Deflorimonte, Chloe, Diebo, Bassel G., Raad, Micheal, Vira, Shaleen, Horowitz, Jason A., Sciubba, Daniel M., Hassanzadeh, Hamid, Lafage, Renaud, and Afthinos, John
- Subjects
- *
SURGICAL complications , *BARIATRIC surgery , *SPINAL surgery , *PROPENSITY score matching , *CERVICAL vertebrae , *HISTORY of surgery - Abstract
Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) is an increasingly common treatment for morbid obesity that has the potential to effect bone and mineral metabolism. The effect of prior BS on spine surgery outcomes has not been well established. The aim of this study was to assess differences in complication rates following spinal surgery for patients with and without a history of BS.Methods: Retrospective analysis of the prospectively collected New York State Inpatient Database (NYSID) years 2004-2013. BS patients and morbidly obese patients (non-BS) were divided into cervical and thoracolumbar surgical groups and propensity score matched for age, gender, and invasiveness and complications compared.Results: One thousand nine hundred thirty-nine spine surgery patients with a history of BS were compared to 1625 non-BS spine surgery patients. The average time from bariatric surgery to spine surgery is 2.95 years. After propensity score matching, 740 BS patients were compared to 740 non-BS patients undergoing thoracolumbar surgery, with similar comorbidity rates. The overall complication rate for BS thoracolumbar patients was lower than non-BS (45.8% vs 58.1%, P < 0.001), with lower rates of device-related (6.1% vs 23.2%, P < 0.001), DVT (1.2% vs 2.7%, P = 0.039), and hematomas (1.5% vs 4.5%, P < 0.001). Neurologic complications were similar between BS patients and non-BS patients (2.3% vs 2.7%, P = 0.62). For patients undergoing cervical spine surgery, BS patients experienced lower rates of bowel issues, device-related, and overall complication than non-BS patients (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Bariatric surgery patients undergoing spine surgery experience lower overall complication rates than morbidly obese patients. This study warrants further investigation into these populations to mitigate risks associated with spine surgery for bariatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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79. Francisco Antônio de Sampaio: de cirurgião a homem de ciências (Vila de Cachoeira, Bahia, c. 1780).
- Author
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Kury, Lorelai and Nogueira, André
- Abstract
Copyright of História Unisinos is the property of Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
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80. Pioneering women in American pediatric surgery.
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Nakayama, Don K.
- Abstract
Abstract Women were among the pioneers in American pediatric surgery in its early decades. Once in practice, Benjy Brooks (Houston) and Jessie Ternberg (St. Louis) became identified with the specialty in their adopted communities, and Rowena Spencer in her hometown of New Orleans. Louise Schnaufer in Philadelphia, Kathryn Anderson in Washington, D.C., and Patricia Donahoe in Boston were all prominent surgeons at leading children's specialty hospitals in the country. Schnaufer was the unsung stalwart in general and thoracic surgery at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Anderson became Surgeon-in-Chief in Los Angeles, and later the first woman leader of both professional societies in pediatric surgery as well as first woman President of the American College of Surgeons. Donahoe developed a spectacular academic career and became one of the outstanding surgical scientists in the country. Each faced gender discrimination at several stages of their careers: medical school enrollments that limited spots for women; widespread bias against women training in surgery and pediatric surgery; and the absence of woman role models and mentors. It is instructive and inspiring to review their individual stories that play an important part of the history of the specialty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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81. Fritz de Quervain : 1868–1940
- Author
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Serpell, Jonathan W., Pasieka, Janice L., editor, and Lee, James A., editor
- Published
- 2015
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82. Evolution of bile duct surgery by the scientific school of professor S.P. Fedorov
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Arsen K. Aliev, Nicolay A. Maistrenko, Rustam K. Aliev, and Pavel N. Romashchenko
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Philosophy ,Subject (documents) ,Social issues ,Surgery ,Hepatobiliary surgery ,State (polity) ,Scientific school ,History of surgery ,medicine ,Biliary Tract Surgery ,Surgical treatment ,media_common - Abstract
This study highlighted the main stages of the formation and development of surgery of bile ducts by the scientific school of Doctor of Medical Sciences, Honored Scientist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Professor Sergey Petrovich Fedorov. The current state of this area of surgery and its prospects are also considered. The works of S.P. Fedorov and his students opened a new page in surgery of that time: surgical treatment of patients with liver and biliary tract diseases. The results of research of the last three decades are the subject of particular pride in the successful continuation of the work of the founder of hepatobiliary surgery in our country. The scientific search and relay of the achievements of the scientific school of Professor S.P. Fedorov were performed in numerous publications, such as in periodicals, monographs, manuals, and speeches in our country and abroad, in a cumulated form, and this is presented in dissertations. In the study of the peculiarities of housing and communal services, both fundamental and applied aspects of solving this social problem of modern society are being developed. After the death of Sergey Petrovich, 17 candidate and 5 doctoral dissertations on the problems of biliary tract surgery were defended in the clinic of S.P. Fedorov Faculty of Surgery of S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy. After over the past years, more than 200 articles, four monographs and manuals were published, and many messages were made at scientific forums in our country and abroad.
- Published
- 2021
83. Trapped by the scalpel. History of cosmetic surgery in Colombia, 1956-2006
- Author
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Morales Lizarazo, Elquin Alfonso, Amaya, José Antonio, Morales Lizarazo, Elquin, and MORALES LIZARAZO, ELQUIN ALFONSO
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Historia de Colombia ,Historia de la cirugía ,Twentieth century ,900 - Geografía e historia ,Historia de la ciencia ,History of science ,Historia de la cirugía estética ,History of Colombia ,cirugía estética ,Historia de la belleza ,Siglo XX ,Aesthetic surgery ,History of aesthetic surgery ,History of surgery ,History of beauty - Abstract
ilustraciones Esta investigación reconstruye el desarrollo de la cirugía estética en Colombia como área integrante de la cirugía plástica; así mismo, comprende las configuraciones socioculturales articuladas con las intervenciones quirúrgicas con fines de embellecimiento. Examina diferentes componentes socioculturales y científicos y brinda una explicación del proceso, atendiendo los elementos esenciales destacados por la psicología social de la enfermedad, con el ánimo de comprender la evolución de las cirugías estéticas y, con ella, el modelamiento de la sociedad actual. Se trata de una investigación histórica analítica que dialoga con las fuentes que se pronuncian de manera dinámica sobre los procesos objeto de estudio. Presenta una revisión exhaustiva y articulada de material bibliográfico de época (fuentes primarias), de carácter científico (revistas médicas e institucionales) y sociocultural (revistas sociales –de belleza– y artículos de la prensa nacional). Además, recupera exhaustivamente investigaciones procedentes de diferentes campos relacionados (fuentes secundarias). El tema estético ha revelado gran profundidad en sus diversas dimensiones y está lejos de ser explicado por el mero consumo estético, lo que ha persuadido a caracterizar los procesos sociales que configuran unos esquemas móviles de belleza, a identificar y apreciar los grupos que acuden a modificar sus formas físicas y a analizar la respuesta de la cirugía plástica estética para aplacar los malestares físicos asociados con la hermosura. (Texto tomado de la fuente) This research work reconstructs the evolution of Aesthetic Surgery in Colombia as a part of plastic surgery; it also includes the sociocultural configurations related to surgical interventions for beautification purposes. This work examines the diverse sociocultural and scientific components and provides an explanation of the upswing of cosmetic surgery, taking into account the essential elements highlighted by the social psychology of the aesthetic or functional defects, with the aim of understanding the evolution of aesthetic surgeries and with it the modeling of the current society. It is an analytical historical research that reviews the sources that are involved dynamically with the processes under study. It presents a comprehensive and related review of bibliographic material of the period (primary sources), of scientific character (medical and institutional magazines) and sociocultural (social -beauty- magazines and articles of the national press). In addition, it thoroughly retrieves research from various related fields (secondary sources). The aesthetic theme has revealed great depth in its diverse dimensions and is far from being explained by mere aesthetic consumption, reasons that have persuaded the researcher to characterize the social processes that configure changing beauty standards, to identify and appreciate the groups that come to modify their physical forms and to analyze the response of aesthetic plastic surgery to placate the physical discomforts associated with the lack of beauty. Doctorado Doctor en Historia Investigación histórica que reconstruye la historia de la cirugía estética en Colombia desde una perspectiva cultural sobre la historia de la belleza y con ella, la asistencia que la historia de la cirugía estética extiende para minimizar los malestares corporales que diferentes grupos humanos demandan de los especialistas. Historia de la Ciencia
- Published
- 2022
84. Развитие анестезиологии в Украине: путь от искусства к науке
- Author
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O.A. Loskutov, M.V. Bondar, Yu.I. Markov, M.V. Boliuk, and R.A. Yefymenko
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Ukrainian ,General surgery ,Specialty ,language.human_language ,Regional anesthesia ,Peripheral nerve ,History of surgery ,Anesthesiology ,language ,Medicine ,Local anesthesia ,business ,Graduation - Abstract
Историю хирургии можно разделить на два основных этапа: до 1846 года и после него. В этой работе авторы представили в хронологическом порядке основные этапы развития анестезиологии в Украине, сосредоточив внимание на врачах, которые впервые проводили хирургические вмешательства под общим и местным обезболиванием. В 1846 году по инициативе В.А. Караваева и А.П. Вальтера, учеников Н.И. Пирогова, при Киевском университете была организована комиссия по изучению влияния эфира на организм. Исследовав в эксперименте влияние эфира на животный организм, В.А. Караваев 18 февраля 1847 года сделал первую в Киеве операцию под эфирным наркозом. Вторую в Украине операцию под эфирным наркозом выполнил Т.Л. Ванцетти в Харькове 28 февраля 1847 года. А уже к концу 1847 года хлороформный наркоз в Киеве применил В.А. Караваев. В 1871 году в Харькове В.Ф. Грубе выполнил первую операцию под наркозом закисью азота. В 80–90-е годы XIX века в хирургическую практику широко внедряются методы местной и проводниковой анестезии кокаином. Украинские хирурги были пионерами местной анестезии. В 1886 году киевский хирург А.И. Лукашевич провел на себе и на других здоровых людях опыты по применению проводниковой анестезии. Выпускник медицинского факультета Киевского университета Св. Владимира В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкий в Санкт-Петербурге в 1915 году издает монографию «Регионарная анестезия», иллюстрированную автором. В послереволюционный период обезболиванию уделяют все больше внимания, количество хирургов, проводящих операции с обезболиванием, растет в геометрической прогрессии. Возникает потребность в постоянном надзоре за состоянием пациента и в медперсонале, который будет его проводить. Это и было началом формирования анестезиологии как науки и отдельной специальности.
- Published
- 2021
85. Mark M. Ravitch MD: Surgeon, author, teacher, soldier.
- Author
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Ramenofsky, Max L. and Raffensperger, John
- Abstract
Mark M. Ravitch (1910–1989) was the most prolific surgeon–author of the 20th Century as well as an outstanding clinical surgeon, scholar, historian, and researcher. While today he would not be considered a "pure pediatric surgeon," he was a charter member of the American Pediatric Surgical Association and received the William E. Ladd medal from the Surgical Section of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Denis Brown Medal from the British Association of Pediatric Surgeons. He contributed to the treatment of benign colon and rectal disease, intussusception, and chest wall deformities. His most enduring contribution was surgical stapling, a technology that he brought from Russia during the Cold War that opened the door to minimally invasive surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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86. Research Enterprise of the Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society 2018 to 2023: History, Accomplishments, Transformation, and Challenges.
- Author
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DeCampli WM
- Subjects
- Humans, Medicine, Surgeons
- Abstract
The history of the research arm of the Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society (CHSS) through 2017 was contained within two prior publications that covered CHSS history in general. The present article is the first to focus explicitly on the research enterprise, with emphasis on the period 2018 to 2023. During this time, the challenges of continuing to build multiple cohorts with lifelong follow-up and to transform the enterprise to a premiere research organization became manifest. Although continuing its commitment to produce impactful research results and to educate the Kirklin/Ashburn Fellow, the research team devoted considerable effort to defining the problems of cohort relevance, workflow, data management, long-term patient follow-up, CHSS member engagement, and the regulatory burden. The team wrote a proposal outlining ways to solve the challenges. A major change from a single-institution "Data Center" to a two-institution Center for Research & Quality (CRQ) was made, assuring increased faculty members and resources. The proposed changes to structure and process began execution in mid-2022. A second Kirklin/Ashburn Fellowship position was created. Between 2018 and 2022, the CRQ produced 17 publications and launched five new research initiatives. This article chronicles the exciting five-year period in which the CHSS research enterprise began a transformation with the intent to become the premiere research organization in the world in the specialty of congenital cardiac surgery.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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87. Drawing Damaged Bodies: British Medical Art in the Early Twentieth Century.
- Author
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Alberti, Samuel J. M. M
- Subjects
- *
MEDICAL illustration , *HISTORY of medicine , *HISTORY of surgery - Abstract
summary Historians are acutely aware of the role of art in medicine. Elaborate early modern works catch our eye; technical innovations attract analysis. This paper beats a different path by examining three little-known artists in early twentieth-century Britain who deployed what may seem like an outdated method: drawing. Locating the function of pencil and ink illustrations across a range of sites, we take a journey from the exterior of the living patient via invasive surgical operations to the bodily interior. We see the enduring importance of delineation against a backdrop of the mechanization of conflict and of imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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88. Jean-Louis Petit (1674-1750): a pioneer anatomist and surgeon and his contribution to orthopaedic surgery and trauma surgery.
- Author
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Markatos, Konstantinos, Androutsos, Georgios, Karamanou, Marianna, Tzagkarakis, Georgios, Kaseta, Maria, and Mavrogenis, Andreas
- Subjects
- *
ANATOMISTS , *TRAUMA surgery , *ORTHOPEDIC surgery , *SURGEONS , *CLINICAL trials - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this review is to summarize the life and work of Jean-Louis Petit, his inventions, his discoveries, and his impact on the evolution of surgery of his era.Method: A thorough search of the literature was undertaken in PubMed and Google Scholar as well as in physical books in libraries to summarize current and classic literature on Petit.Results: Jean-Louis Petit (1674-1750) was an eminent anatomist and surgeon of his era with an invaluable contribution to clinical knowledge, surgical technique, and instrumentation as well as innovative therapeutic modalities and basic scientific discoveries.Conclusion: Jean-Louis Petit was an innovative anatomist and surgeon as well as an excellent clinician of his era. He revolutionized the surgical technique of his era with a significant contribution to what would later become orthopaedic surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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89. History and Progress of Bariatric Surgery in Malaysia.
- Author
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Kosai, Nik Ritza and Rajan, Reynu
- Subjects
BARIATRIC surgery ,MEDICAL care ,LAPAROSCOPIC surgery ,OBESITY treatment ,HISTORY of surgery - Abstract
Bariatric surgery has become a popular treatment modality for obesity in Malaysia. However, the absence of a standardized national registry has led to paucity of information pertaining to quantity and quality of bariatric surgery in Malaysia. In the absence of a national registry, a nationwide survey was conducted with the aim of establishing a fair estimate of case volume based on type of procedure and to identify the total number of surgeons performing those procedures at their respective centers from 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2016. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed and distributed to bariatric surgeons throughout Malaysia. The data along with a brief narrative of the history and progress of bariatric surgery in Malaysia is presented in this report. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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90. PEDIATRIC SURGERY IN ROMANIA - A BRIEF HISTORY.
- Author
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Boia, Eugen Sorin and Dumitru, Ionut Adrian
- Subjects
- *
PEDIATRIC surgery , *CHILDREN'S hospitals , *HISTORY of surgery - Abstract
First hospital dedicated to children in Romania was founded in Bucharest in 1858 - Grigore Alexandrescu Children's Hospital and had two departments, Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, although pediatric surgery as a speciality did not existed for another nearly 20 years. Operations were performed by general surgeons. It was the first in the Balkan region. In Romania, in 1874, the Speciality of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopaedics appears by separation form General Surgery led by Professor Grigore Romniceanu. The History of Pediatric Surgery in the world is well documented especially in France where first developed. In Romania there is sparse information about the history of pediatric surgery and is concentrated more on specific personalities then the speciality itself. A thorough research and honest narration of information needs to be conducted to gather all this information on a systematic exposure as we consider the history plays an important role in the evolution of an entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
91. Order and Cleanliness: The Gendered Role of Operating Room Nurses in the United States (1870s-1930s).
- Author
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Schlich, Thomas and Hasegawa, Audrey
- Subjects
NURSES ,OPERATING room nurses ,HISTORY of nursing ,GENDER role ,SURGICAL nursing ,HISTORY of surgery ,SEXUAL division of labor ,HISTORY - Abstract
This paper looks at the history of operating room nurses in the light of the history of nursing and the history of surgery at a time of change in both domains. Geographically, its focus is on the United States as a national context where the specialization in this field occurred early on. The examination of instructional literature, e.g., textbooks, provides insight into the normative universe of the American operating rooms at the time. It shows how nurses played an integral, yet often overlooked part in the development of modern surgical practices. At the same time, operating room nurses were confined to a very gender-specific sphere of activities - they were basically responsible for cleanliness and maintaining order - and they were strictly subordinated to the operating surgeon's authority. Operating room nursing thus offered a new field of professional activity for women while simultaneously reproducing and cementing contemporary gender roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
92. Pathfinders in oncology from the beginning of the 19th century to the inauguration of the first cancer hospital in the United States.
- Author
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Hajdu, Steven I.
- Subjects
- *
CANCER hospitals , *CANCER treatment , *ONCOLOGY , *MEDICAL innovations , *MEDICAL care , *HISTORY , *SPECIALTY hospitals - Abstract
The fields of medicine and oncology made substantial progress between 1800 and 1885. The first half of this period was dominated by the spectacular progress in physiology, cytology, histology, histopathology, and diagnostic microscopy. In the second half of the period, advancements in surgical techniques, anesthesia, asepsis, and laboratory medicine, including bacteriology, chemistry, and biochemistry, led to the development of medical specialties, including surgical pathology and surgical oncology. Although wars, revolutions, and socioeconomic upheavals interrupted the daily life of the populace, distinguished artists, scientists, and physicians continued, against all odds, to advance their field of interest. Among the many eminent individuals, there were 7 renowned physicians (4 pathologists and 3 surgeons) who revolutionized medical and oncology thinking in ways that are still felt today. They were polyglots with formidable erudition, beloved teachers, and mentors, and are remembered eponymically for their contributions to oncology to this day. As a passing note, the 3 surgeons also were skillful microscopists. Cancer 2018;124:230-41. © 2017 American Cancer Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
93. The treatment of pyloric stenosis: Evolution in practice.
- Author
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Taghavi, Kiarash, Powell, Emma, Patel, Bhaveshkumar, and McBride, Craig A
- Subjects
- *
PYLORIC stenosis , *SURGICAL therapeutics , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *THERAPEUTICS -- History , *HISTORY of surgery - Abstract
Over the last hundred years, idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis has undergone an evolution in treatment, with subsequent improvements in outcome. Initially, it was treated by physicians with antispasmodics and various alternative feeding and resuscitation modalities. The evolution of surgical approaches led to a revolution in outcome, from almost certain death to complete cure. The progression of surgical and medical treatments is reviewed in this article until, ultimately, Ramstedt's pyloromyotomy is reached. This distilled operation has remained the gold-standard procedure for over a century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
94. Innominate Artery Ligation: A History From Mott to Matas
- Author
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John D Ehrhardt and Christopher Chow
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Subclavian Artery ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Aneurysm ,History of surgery ,medicine ,Humans ,Ligation ,Brachiocephalic Trunk ,business.industry ,General surgery ,History, 19th Century ,General Medicine ,History, 20th Century ,Vascular surgery ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Artery ligation ,Mammary artery ,Subclavian artery aneurysm ,Surgery ,Aneurysm surgery ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Vascular Surgical Procedures - Abstract
Innominate artery ligation emerged in the 19th century as an early operation for right subclavian aneurysm. Clinical outcomes were often dire, but undeterred surgeons believed that ligation represented an opportunity that outweighed the risks of nonoperative aneurysm management. Valentine Mott of New York performed the procedure in 1818; his patient died 26 days later. Variations on Mott's approach were undertaken 13 more times from 1822 to 1861 by surgeons in the United States and abroad, all of which proved fatal. Andrew Woods Smyth of New Orleans was the first to successfully control a subclavian artery aneurysm with innominate ligation in 1864. The Charity Hospital house surgeon used a series of ligations on the innominate, common carotid, vertebral, and internal mammary arteries to prevent collateral and recurrent blood flow to the aneurysmal sac. These physiologically-oriented operations kept Smyth's patient alive and functional for ten years. New Orleans became an internationally-recognized hub for advancements in aneurysm surgery. One of Smyth's students, Rudolph Matas, went on to revolutionize vascular surgery. Along his path to becoming the Father of modern vascular surgery, Matas documented his own performance of Smyth's operation at Charity 4 times over the course of his career. Although later supplanted by primary vascular anastomosis and grafting, the first successful innominate ligation was a collaborative effort between New York and New Orleans that served as a foundation for the development of modern aneurysm repair.
- Published
- 2021
95. The Coming of Anaesthesia.
- Author
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Bashford, Henry
- Subjects
ANESTHESIA -- History ,HISTORY of surgery ,HISTORY of medicine ,CHLOROFORM ,HISTORY - Abstract
The article discusses the history of the use of anaesthesia in surgery and medicine. It examines several historical precedents leading up to the first use of a general anaesthetic during an operation at the Massachusetts General Hospital in 1846. The author also comments on ideas concerning medicinal uses of laughing gas and carbon dioxide and addresses Scottish physician James Young Simpson's administration of chloroform during childbirth. Protests against the use of anaesthesia, particularly from a religious perspective, are also considered.
- Published
- 1951
96. Rives – Stoppa surgery – the foundation of the modern concept of treatment of patients with ventral hernias (55 years in surgery)
- Author
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V. V. Semenov, A. A. Kurygin, S. D. Tarbaev, and A. A. Mamoshin
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,RD1-811 ,business.industry ,Abdominal Hernia ,history of medicine ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Abdominal wall ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,History of surgery ,rives – stoppa surgery ,Ventral hernia ,medicine ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Hernia ,business ,herniology - Abstract
The treatment of ventral hernias in the history of surgery has always been an urgent problem. In the 90s of the XIX century, hernioplasty using metal threads and plates began, but the long-term results of treatment of patients remained unsatisfactory. A particularly urgent problem in herniology during the last century was the treatment of postoperative ventral hernias, and patients with large and even more giant hernias were often recognized as incurable. The great revolution in herniology was the introduction into practice of biologically inert mesh polymer materials. A fundamentally different method of endoprosthesis of the abdominal wall is retromuscular («sublay») hernioplasty, proposed by the French surgeon of Algerian origin Rene Stoppa in 1965. In 1966, a compatriot, colleague and friend R. Stoppa Jean Rives used the principles of this technique when eliminating postoperative median hernia by prosthetics of the anterior abdominal wall retromuscularly through the xiphopubic incision. Decades later, during the rapid development of endovideosurgery, the principle of operation Rives-Stoppa was the foundation for the development of modern minimally invasive and highly effective methods for eliminating inguinal and other ventral hernias. Thus, the method of prosthetics of the anterior abdominal wall proposed 55 years ago by Rives-Stoppa was an ideological breakthrough in herniology and significantly improved the results of operations for external abdominal hernias.
- Published
- 2021
97. Early identification of epilepsy surgery candidates: A multicenter, machine learning study
- Author
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David M. Ficker, Daniel Santel, Andrew J. Kemme, John Pestian, Benjamin D. Wissel, Judith W. Dexheimer, Rhonda D. Szczesniak, Francesco T. Mangano, Hansel M. Greiner, and Tracy A. Glauser
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neurology ,Adolescent ,Electroencephalography ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Article ,Cohort Studies ,Machine Learning ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epilepsy ,0302 clinical medicine ,History of surgery ,Humans ,Medicine ,Epilepsy surgery ,Longitudinal Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Longitudinal cohort ,Child ,Retrospective Studies ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Early Diagnosis ,Child, Preschool ,Candidacy ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer ,Algorithms ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Surgical patients - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Epilepsy surgery is underutilized. Automating the identification of potential surgical candidates may facilitate earlier intervention. Our objective was to develop site-specific machine learning (ML) algorithms to identify candidates before they undergo surgery. MATERIALS & METHODS: In this multicenter, retrospective, longitudinal cohort study, ML algorithms were trained on n-grams extracted from free-text neurology notes, EEG and MRI reports, visit codes, medications, procedures, laboratories, and demographic information. Site-specific algorithms were developed at two epilepsy centers: one pediatric and one adult. Cases were defined as patients who underwent resective epilepsy surgery, and controls were patients with epilepsy with no history of surgery. The output of the ML algorithms was the estimated likelihood of candidacy for resective epilepsy surgery. Model performance was assessed using 10-fold cross-validation. RESULTS: There were 5880 children (n = 137 had surgery [2.3%]) and 7604 adults with epilepsy (n = 56 had surgery [0.7%]) included in the study. Pediatric surgical patients could be identified 2.0 years (range: 0–8.6 years) before beginning their presurgical evaluation with AUC =0.76 (95% CI: 0.70–0.82) and PR-AUC =0.13 (95% CI: 0.07–0.18). Adult surgical patients could be identified 1.0 year (range: 0–5.4 years) before beginning their presurgical evaluation with AUC =0.85 (95% CI: 0.78–0.93) and PR-AUC =0.31 (95% CI: 0.14–0.48). By the time patients began their presurgical evaluation, the ML algorithms identified pediatric and adult surgical patients with AUC =0.93 and 0.95, respectively. The mean squared error of the predicted probability of surgical candidacy (Brier scores) was 0.018 in pediatrics and 0.006 in adults. CONCLUSIONS: Site-specific machine learning algorithms can identify candidates for epilepsy surgery early in the disease course in diverse practice settings.
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- 2021
98. The history of surgery in disorders of sexual development
- Author
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Cenk Büyükünal, Şenol Emre, Don K. Nakayama, and Kristen A. Zeller
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Disorders of Sex Development ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030225 pediatrics ,History of surgery ,medicine ,Humans ,Disorders of sex development ,Penectomy ,business.industry ,Sexual Development ,General surgery ,History, 19th Century ,General Medicine ,Mythology ,History, 20th Century ,Plastic Surgery Procedures ,medicine.disease ,Urogenital Surgical Procedures ,Hypospadias ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Egypt ,Surgery ,Operative therapy ,business ,Feminizing genitoplasty - Abstract
Disorders of sexual development (DSD) have been documented throughout human history with fascination. Healers of all cultures have struggled to explain, and later correct with surgery, the physical manifestations of DSD. DSD was portrayed in the mythology, legends, and art of the ancient Greeks, Romans, Sumerians, Babylonians, and Egyptians. Techniques of feminizing genitoplasties date to the time of Celsus in the time of Christ. Acceptable operative therapy for feminine phenotypes of DSD came in the 19th and 20th centuries. Masculinizing procedures, inherently more complex than feminizing genitoplasties, initially were variations of procedures for severe forms of hypospadias. Today most total penile reconstruction procedures use reconstructive and microvascular techniques invented in 20th century.
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- 2021
99. The history of surgery in disorders of sexual development
- Author
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Canan Aldirmaz Agartan
- Subjects
Child abuse ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Sexual Development ,Disorders of Sex Development ,MEDLINE ,Child Abuse, Sexual ,General Medicine ,Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological ,Sexual dysfunction ,Family medicine ,History of surgery ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Humans ,Medicine ,Surgery ,medicine.symptom ,Child ,business - Published
- 2021
100. Reparación de fístula vesicovaginal mediante técnica laparoscópica
- Author
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Eduardo Cadena, Gabriela Lárraga Díaz, and Luis Cadena
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Fertile Period ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Blood transfusion ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease ,Vesicovaginal fistula ,Surgery ,History of surgery ,medicine ,Operative time ,Complication ,business ,Hospital stay - Abstract
Objetivos: Describir la experiencia de 43 pacientes con fístula vesicovaginal (FVV) y la reparación con técnica laparoscópica entre 2009 y 2020, analizar su comportamiento y evolución. Métodos: Análisis de 43 pacientes diagnosticadas de FVV supratrigonales secundarias a histerectomías, la mismas que fueron resueltas laparoscópicamente. Resultados: La FVV es una complicación que se presenta en mujeres de edad media a menudo en periodo fértil, y claramente demostrado con el antecedente de cirugía o procedimiento ginecológico. Las pacientes fueron diagnosticadas de fístula vesicovaginal, las mismas que fueron intervenidas quirúrgicamente mediante técnica laparoscópica. El tiempo operatorio promedio fue de 172 minutos. Ninguna paciente requirió transfusión sanguínea y el tiempo de hospitalización promedio fue de 3,7 días. No se presentaron complicaciones ni recidivas, con un seguimiento promedio de 12 meses. Conclusión: La reparación laparoscópica de la fístula vesicovaginal es una técnica segura, poco invasiva y reproducible en manos entrenadas.
- Published
- 2021
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