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331 results on '"Hickman, Peter E."'

52. Using a thyroid disease-free population to define the reference interval for TSH and free T4 on the Abbott Architect analyser

Author

Hickman, Peter E., primary, Koerbin, Gus, additional, Simpson, Aaron, additional, Potter, Julia M., additional, Hughes, David G., additional, Abhayaratna, Walter P., additional, West, Nic, additional, Glasgow, Nicholas, additional, Armbruster, David, additional, Cavanaugh, Juleen, additional, and Reed, Maxine, additional

Published
2016
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59. Effects of Changes in Adiposity and Physical Activity on Preadolescent Insulin Resistance: The Australian LOOK Longitudinal Study

Author

Telford, Richard D., Cunningham, Ross B., Telford, Rohan M., Kerrigan, Jennifer, Hickman, Peter E., Potter, Julia M., Abhayaratna, Walter, Telford, Richard D., Cunningham, Ross B., Telford, Rohan M., Kerrigan, Jennifer, Hickman, Peter E., Potter, Julia M., and Abhayaratna, Walter

Abstract

BACKGROUND In a previous longitudinal analysis of our cohort as 8 to 10 year-olds, insulin resistance (IR) increased with age, but was not modified by changes in percent body fat (%BF), and was only responsive to changes in physical activity (PA) in boys. We aimed to determine whether these responses persisted as the children approached adolescence. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, 256 boys and 278 girls were assessed at ages 8, 10 and 12 years for fasting blood glucose and insulin, %BF (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry); PA (7-day pedometers), fitness (multistage run); and pubertal development (Tanner stage). RESULTS From age 8 to 12 years, the median homeostatic model of IR (HOMA-IR) doubled in boys and increased 250% in girls. By age 12, 23% of boys and 31% of girls had elevated IR, as indicated by HOMA-IR greater than 3. Longitudinal relationships, with important adjustments for covariates body weight, PA, %BF, Tanner score and socioeconomic status showed that, on average, for every 1 unit reduction of %BF, HOMA-IR was lowered by 2.2% (95% CI 0.04-4) in girls and 1.6% (95% CI 0-3.2) in boys. Furthermore, in boys but not girls, HOMA-IR was decreased by 3.5% (95%CI 0.5-6.5) if PA was increased by 2100 steps/day. CONCLUSION Evidence that a quarter of our apparently healthy 12 year-old Australians possessed elevated IR suggests that community-based education and prevention strategies may be warranted. Responsiveness of IR to changes in %BF in both sexes during late preadolescence and to changes in PA in the boys provides a specific basis for targeting elevated IR. That body weight was a strong covariate of IR, independent of %BF, points to the importance of adjusting for weight in correctly assessing these relationships in growing children.

Published
2012

61. Opportunistic pathology-based screening for diabetes

Author

Simpson, Aaron J, primary, Krowka, Renata, additional, Kerrigan, Jennifer L, additional, Southcott, Emma K, additional, Wilson, J Dennis, additional, Potter, Julia M, additional, Nolan, Christopher J, additional, and Hickman, Peter E, additional

Published
2013
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68. Contrasting longitudinal and cross-sectional relationships between insulin resistance and percentage of body fat, fitness, and physical activity in children—the LOOK study

Author

Telford, Richard D, primary, Cunningham, Ross B, additional, Shaw, Jonathan E, additional, Dunstan, David W, additional, Lafferty, Antony RA, additional, Reynolds, Graham J, additional, Hickman, Peter E, additional, Southcott, Emma, additional, Potter, Julia M, additional, Waring, Paul, additional, and Telford, Rohan M, additional

Published
2009
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69. The lifestyle of our kids (LOOK) project: Outline of methods

Author

Telford, Richard D., primary, Bass, Shona L., additional, Budge, Marc M., additional, Byrne, Donald G., additional, Carlson, John S., additional, Coles, David, additional, Cunningham, Ross B., additional, Daly, Robin M., additional, Dunstan, David W., additional, English, Rowena, additional, Fitzgerald, Robert, additional, Eser, Prisca, additional, Gravenmaker, Karen J., additional, Haynes, Wayne, additional, Hickman, Peter E., additional, Javaid, Ahmad, additional, Jiang, Xiaoli, additional, Lafferty, Tony, additional, McGrath, Mark, additional, Martin, Mary Kay, additional, Naughton, Geraldine A., additional, Potter, Julia M., additional, Potter, Stacey J., additional, Prosser, Laurence, additional, Pyne, David B., additional, Reynolds, Graham J., additional, Saunders, Philo U., additional, Seibel, Markus J., additional, Shaw, Jonathan E., additional, Southcott, Emma, additional, Srikusalanukul, Wichat, additional, Stuckey, Darryl, additional, Telford, Rohan M., additional, Thomas, Kerry, additional, Tallis, Ken, additional, and Waring, Paul, additional

Published
2009
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75. Free Radical Scavengers Improve Liver Function but Not Morphological Changes Induced by Reperfusion Injury.

Author

Arab, Hossein-Ali, Walker, Neal I., Cheung, Kee, Hickman, Peter E., Potter, Jolia M., Kadkhodaee, Mehri, and Roberts, Michael S.

Subjects
HYPOXEMIA, REPERFUSION injury, REACTIVE oxygen species, MACROMOLECULES, XANTHINE oxidase, PHARMACOLOGY
Abstract

Objective: Reperfusion injury (RI) is associated with high generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the extent of involvement of these agents in the injury remains controversial. The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of ROS scavengers against hepatic reperfusion injury in the rat. Methods: The RI was induced in the liver using an isolated slow-flow, reflow perfused rat liver in both anterograde and retrograde perfusion. The effects of gentisic acid, N-acetyl cysteine, and trolox C on the superoxide production, liver function, and morphological changes were examined using different biochemical and histological assays. Results: The hepatic RI caused a significant ( p < 0.05) increase in superoxide production and enzyme releases and a decrease in bile flow in both directions. Histological changes induced by RI include apoptosis, necrosis, pale cytoplasm, cell vacuolation, and attenuation of cell cords. Although the production of superoxide in retrograde direction was significantly less than the anterograde, the extent of the injury in the retrograde was greater than the anterograde direction. Pretreatment of the livers with each of the test compounds significantly reduced the release of lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase and improved bile flow in the liver exposed to hypoxia/reperfusion. However, they failed to protect the liver against the structural alterations induced by RI. Conclusion: ROS scavengers can reduce superoxide-induced damage and improve the liver function, but they are not able to prevent the structural changes. It shows that ROS are not the sole causative mechanism of hepatic RI and other mechanisms and mediators may be involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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76. Decision limits and the reporting of cardiac troponin: Meeting the needs of both the cardiologist and the ED physician.

Author

Hickman, Peter E., Lindahl, Bertil, Cullen, Louise, Koerbin, Gus, Tate, Jill, and Potter, Julia M.

Subjects
*ANGINA pectoris, *CORONARY disease, *ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY, *EMERGENCY medical services, *GLOMERULAR filtration rate, *PULMONARY embolism, *ACUTE coronary syndrome, *TROPONIN, *DIAGNOSIS, MYOCARDIAL infarction diagnosis
Abstract

Cardiac troponin is the preferred biomarker for defining the acute coronary syndrome and acute myocardial infarction. Currently, the only decision limit formally endorsed with regard to the cardiac troponins is the 99th percentile. This is a 'rule-in' criterion, intended to ensure that only persons with the acute coronary syndrome are reviewed. The 99th percentile is an arbitrary cut point and there are many problems associated with its application, including defining a truly healthy population, the difficulty of standardisation of cardiac troponin assays, especially but not only cardiac troponin I, and the effects of age and sex on this parameter. The Emergency Department (ED) screens many more persons for possible acute coronary syndromes than actually have the condition and their needs are best met by a 'rule-out' test that enables them to clear their busy departments of the many persons who do not actually have the condition. The needs of the ED are not optimally met using the 99th percentile. The index of individuality for the cardiac troponins is small and significant changes consistent with an acute coronary syndrome can occur without the 99th percentile being exceeded. It appears that the ED may be better served by use of delta troponin changes rather than the 99th percentile, but there are problems with this approach, particularly in persons who present late when troponin release has plateaued. In addition, there are many non-acute coronary syndrome causes for cardiac troponin release. The needs of the cardiologist and the ED physician are so different that it may be inappropriate for both groups to use the same diagnostic criteria for cardiac troponin, and it is of great importance that cardiac troponin measurement be used as only one part of the assessment of the person presenting with possible acute coronary syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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95. Heresy trial

Author

Hickman, Peter E.

Subjects
Philosophy and religion
Abstract

In regard to 'California diocese holds schism and heresy trial' (NCR, Jan. 6): By this time everyone must be aware that Fr. Ned Reidy was found guilty of heresy because [...]

Published
2006

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