Search

Your search keyword '"Hall, Joanna"' showing total 98 results
Start Over Author "Hall, Joanna"
98 results on '"Hall, Joanna"'

51. Vaccination with live attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus causes dynamic changes in intestinal CD4+CCR5+ T cells

Author

Li, Bo, primary, Berry, Neil, additional, Ham, Claire, additional, Ferguson, Deborah, additional, Smith, Deborah, additional, Hall, Joanna, additional, Page, Mark, additional, Quartey-Papafio, Ruby, additional, Elsley, William, additional, Robinson, Mark, additional, Almond, Neil, additional, and Stebbings, Richard, additional

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

52. Antibody responses after intravaginal immunisation with trimeric HIV-1CN54 clade C gp140 in Carbopol gel are augmented by systemic priming or boosting with an adjuvanted formulation

Author

Cranage, Martin P., primary, Fraser, Carol A., additional, Cope, Alethea, additional, McKay, Paul F., additional, Seaman, Michael S., additional, Cole, Tom, additional, Mahmoud, A. Nasir, additional, Hall, Joanna, additional, Giles, Elaine, additional, Voss, Gerald, additional, Page, Mark, additional, Almond, Neil, additional, and Shattock, Robin J., additional

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

53. CD8 + Lymphocytes Do Not Mediate Protection against Acute Superinfection 20 Days after Vaccination with a Live Attenuated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus

Author

Stebbings, Richard, primary, Berry, Neil, additional, Waldmann, Herman, additional, Bird, Pru, additional, Hale, Geoff, additional, Stott, Jim, additional, North, David, additional, Hull, Robin, additional, Hall, Joanna, additional, Lines, Jenny, additional, Brown, Stuart, additional, D'Arcy, Nikki, additional, Davis, Leanne, additional, Elsley, William, additional, Edwards, Cherry, additional, Ferguson, Deborah, additional, Allen, Jane, additional, and Almond, Neil, additional

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

60. Coolest. cruises. EVER.

Author

HALL, JOANNA and KOCH, PHILLIP

Subjects
OCEAN travel, CRUISE ships
Abstract

The article offers information on the 2016 river cruises which will showcase various places such as Amsterdam, Netherlands, Rome and Wachau Valley, Austria. Cruises include Viking River Cruises, the Tour de France hosted by yellow jersey wearer Phil Anderson and cyclist Phil Liggett, and Windstar Cruises.

Published
2016

63. Menu on a mission: advisers face charging challenges when the menu of payment options is introduced

Author

Keeler, David and Hall, Joanna

Subjects
United Kingdom. Financial Services Authority -- Services, Investment advisers -- Prices and rates, Investment advisers -- Customer relations, Consumer education, Company pricing policy
Abstract

One of the biggest changes to the financial services marketplace will be the introduction of the FSA menu of commission charges in January 2005, setting out advice costs and how […]

Published
2004

64. Vaccination with live attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus causes dynamic changes in intestinal CD4+CCR5+ T cells.

Author

Bo Li, Berry, Neil, Ham, Claire, Ferguson, Deborah, Smith, Deborah, Hall, Joanna, Page, Mark, Quartey-Papafio, Ruby, Elsley, William, Robinson, Mark, Almond, Neil, and Stebbings, Richard

Subjects
VACCINATION, T cells, SIMIAN immunodeficiency virus, VIRUS diseases, IMMUNODEFICIENCY
Abstract

Background: Vaccination with live attenuated SIV can protect against detectable infection with wild-type virus. We have investigated whether target cell depletion contributes to the protection observed. Following vaccination with live attenuated SIV the frequency of intestinal CD4+CCR5+ T cells, an early target of wild-type SIV infection and destruction, was determined at days 3, 7, 10, 21 and 125 post inoculation. Results: In naive controls, modest frequencies of intestinal CD4+CCR5+ T cells were predominantly found within the LPL TTrM-1 and IEL TTrM-2 subsets. At day 3, LPL and IEL CD4+CCR5+ TEM cells were dramatically increased whilst less differentiated subsets were greatly reduced, consistent with activation-induced maturation. CCR5 expression remained high at day 7, although there was a shift in subset balance from CD4+CCR5+ TEM to less differentiated TTrM-2 cells. This increase in intestinal CD4+CCR5+ T cells preceded the peak of SIV RNA plasma loads measured at day 10. Greater than 65.9% depletion of intestinal CD4+CCR5+ T cells followed at day 10, but overall CD4+ T cell homeostasis was maintained by increased CD4+CCR5- T cells. At days 21 and 125, high numbers of intestinal CD4+ CCR5- naive TN cells were detected concurrent with greatly increased CD4+CCR5+ LPL TTrM-2 and IEL TEM cells at day 125, yet SIV RNA plasma loads remained low. Conclusions: This increase in intestinal CD4+CCR5+ T cells, following vaccination with live attenuated SIV, does not correlate with target cell depletion as a mechanism of protection. Instead, increased intestinal CD4+CCR5+ T cells may correlate with or contribute to the protection conferred by vaccination with live attenuated SIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

67. "COUPLES THERAPY saved our marriage".

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
COUPLES therapy, RELATIONSHIP quality, FINANCIAL stress
Abstract

The article discusses the benefits of couples therapy for maintaining healthy relationship. It mentions the views of manager of the Relationships Australia Sue Yorston and clinical psychologist John Aiken on benefits of couples therapy. It also mentions that a survey by relationship support services providers including the Relationships Australia and Credit Union Australia Ltd. reveals several issues of personal problems includes financial stress, communication gap and lack of trust.

Published
2014

68. 5 QUESTIONS TO ASK BEFORE you commit.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
MARRIAGE, COMMITMENT (Psychology)
Abstract

The article presents factors to consider by partners before planning to commit to each other for life. According to psychotherapist Shane Warren, it is significant to recognize how the partner associates to money. Elly Taylor, a researcher and relationship counselor, mentions that most people commonly have an idea if they do not or do like kids before they discuss about it. Clinical psychologist Fleur Bonnin states that what is a priority for one partner frequently is not for the other.

Published
2012

69. TAKE A LOAD OFF.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
WOMEN, ACTIVITIES of daily living, MEN, CHILDREN, WORK
Abstract

The article offers suggestions on how women can decrease their workload. It states that women can take help of their partners as according to psychotherapist Shirley Smith, not doing so can build up resentment which eventually affects the relationship. Parenting educator Michael Grose, mentions that women can delegate responsibilities to children like setting up dinner table. Domonique Bertolucci, a life coach, highlights that delegating work at office is not being bossy.

Published
2012

70. vital signs.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
SYMPTOMS, PALPITATION, GINGIVAL diseases, HANDSHAKING, PERIODONTAL disease, HEART beat, BLOOD pressure
Abstract

The article discusses symptoms to different health problems. It stresses the importance for individuals to pay attention and take actions of the unusual signs of the body which serve as an early warning of the underlying health problems. It highlights the symptoms as well as the associated diseases for palpitations, bleeding gums and shaking hands. It also mentions the recommendations of the health experts on how to treat and manage the symptoms of health problems.

Published
2010

71. pains to act on fast.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
PHYSIOLOGICAL aspects of pain, SYMPTOMS, THROMBOSIS risk factors, PULMONARY embolism, HYPERTENSION risk factors, EMBOLISM risk factors
Abstract

The article presents pains and aches which can signify some serious problems. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a leg pain which needs to be investigated with no delay as it can be life-threatening. It notes that chest pain may lead to serious conditions such as pulmonary embolism and angina. High blood pressure is recognized as a silent killer as it shows no symptoms until it becomes serious.

Published
2010

73. SHELF LIFE HOW LONG DOES IT LAST?

Author

Hall, Joanna

Abstract

The article presents tips on monitoring the shelf life of certain food products. According to Food Science Australia, milk can last five to seven days if it is refrigerated and not left out for long periods of time. Freezing meat prolongs storage time because it stops the growth of microbes. Fresh, sliced luncheon meats are only safe for up to five days after purchase. Undamaged apples can last from a few weeks to a few months.

Published
2006

74. drop a dress size FOR LIFE.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Abstract

Offers tips on weight loss for women. Benefits of cutting out starchy carbohydrates after 5 o'clock in the afternoon; Tips to achieve the recommended daily fibre intake; Importance of protein in weight loss.

Published
2004

75. John Dewey and Pragmatism in the Primary School: a thing of the past?

Author

Hall, Joanna

Abstract

In 1906, J. J. Findlay, Professor of Education at Manchester, eased English readers into pragmatism's foreign beginnings by setting John Dewey alongside Pestalozzi, Herbart and Froebel. This paper investigates the interweavings of pragmatism in the years following the First World War, when it appeared in views of children, pedagogy and curriculum, in for example the work of the Board of Education and Susan Isaacs. Pragmatic aims of schooling are initiative and adaptability, accomplished by continuous reconstruction of children's experiences out into organized bodies of knowledge and by cultivation of habits of inquiry in the context of real problems. Recently a radically different paradigm for schooling has entered the English schooling community, namely an exchange of children's following interests and teachers learning with children, for equipping children with a hierarchy of concepts before seeing how concepts function in their environment. This new paradigm compromises a pragmatic tradition in English schooling.

Published
1996
Full Text
View/download PDF

76. GRIEF.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
GRIEF, MENTAL depression, EMOTIONS, ANGER, ANXIETY
Abstract

The article offers some strategies to handle grief. Life coach and counsellor Julie Parker advises people to love and support someone in grief regardless of the reason for their grief. The differences between grief and depression are explained by counselling psychologist Annie Cantwell-Bartl. In order to deal with the surprising feelings with grief, such as anger, confusion, ambivalence, hopelessness and anxiety, it is advised to seek support from a partner or a friend.

Published
2013

77. Beers, boats & the best of Belgium.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
BELGIUM description & travel, OCEAN travel
Abstract

The article offers travel trips for Belgium and includes information on the heritage sites, river cruising and tourist attractions.

Published
2015

78. OUTSMART STRESS.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
STRESS management, COMFORT food, WEIGHT gain, SELF-esteem
Abstract

The article presents information on stress management. A study in the U.S. suggests that 43% of adults suffer from the physical symptoms of stress. It says that 315 of women opt for comfort foods like ice-cream and chips, if they are stressed. Dietitian Clare Evangelista says that some people even stop eating when feeling stressed. However, poor food choices lead to weight gain and low self-esteem. It is suggested to have health food and to avoid alcohol.

Published
2012

79. TRAVELLER'S CHECKS.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
VOYAGES & travels, HOLIDAYS, PREVENTIVE medicine, FOOD allergy, MARITIME shipping, MEDICAL prescriptions, SAFETY
Abstract

The article focuses on preparation and planning for a holiday. Vaccination before travelling depends on the place where one is travelling to. There should be enough medicines with prescriptions for the entire trip as getting refills can be risky due to counterfeit medicines. The cooking facilities and the type of food available at the place of staying should be checked, specifically in the case of allergies or health conditions. Health also depends on the mode of travel like sea or air.

Published
2011

80. 2nd marriage success.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
MARRIAGE, INTERPERSONAL relations, DOMESTIC relations, TRUST, STEPPARENTS, STEPFAMILIES
Abstract

The article discusses common challenges that a woman face with a second marriage. It states that it is important to trust again after being badly hurt from the previous marriage. It mentions talking to the children about having step-father relationship and issues on having a blended family. It adds that a woman who is a first-time bride in a second marriage faces the challenge of dealing with her husband's children and his former spouse.

Published
2010

81. 7 health traps & how to avoid them.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
WOMEN'S health, PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of alcohol, PREVENTION of sexually transmitted diseases, OBESITY in women, LOW-fat diet, HIGH-fiber diet, CONDOMS
Abstract

The article offers tips for women on how to avoid health traps including unprotected sex, too much eating, and over consumption of alcoholic beverages. It suggests using condom to avoid sexually transmitted infection (STI) and unplanned pregnancy. It recommends to have two standard drinks a day to avoid diseases. It advises to have a low-fat and high fiber diet having lots of vegetables and fruits to preserve healthy weight. Various risks on the mentioned health traps are also explained.

Published
2010

82. Yours Club.

Author

Janetzki, Mavis, Howell, Terry, Cyprus, Eliatha, Glennie, Gillian, Elizabeth Hall, Joanna, Kerlin, Gayle, Riesterer, Maureen, Woodford, Barb, Bradshaw, Wendy, Hudson, Jill, Rollings, Gail, Mojsish, Sandy, Young, Alyson, Davis, Jean, Wallace, Ann, and Smith Collins, Janise

Published
2017

86. could you BE anaemic?

Author

HALL, JOANNA

Subjects
ANEMIA, SYMPTOMS, KIDNEY diseases, INFECTION, CANCER, IRON in the body, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

The article offers information on anemia and discusses the common risks from symptoms and manifestation of the body malfunction. It reveals that anemia are caused by several factors including inherited conditions, kidney disease, infection or cancer. It also informs that fatigue is not the only symptom of anemia, anemia has more than one treatment, and there are more types of iron in the body.

Published
2015

87. 6 ways to overcome REGRET.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
REGRET, DREAMS, ERRORS, MOTIVATION (Psychology)
Abstract

The article presents suggestions for overcoming the regrets in life including identifying the reasons of regret, reclaiming dreams, accepting mistakes and one should learn from mistakes. According to psychologist Sabina Read, people should adopt changes as it will help them in reducing the regrets. She also states that regret supports motivation as events of life are uncontrollable and regret helps in learning from mistakes.

Published
2014

88. Walk YOURSELF THIN.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
WALKACTIVE Programme (Book), HALL, Joanna, ATKIN, Lucy
Abstract

An excerpt from the book "Walkactive Programme," by Joanna Hall and Lucy Atkin is presented.

Published
2013

89. PERMANENT birth control: IS IT RIGHT FOR YOU?

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
STERILIZATION (Birth control), BIRTH control, MEDICAL care, CONTRACEPTION, FALLOPIAN tubes
Abstract

The article reports that there are new and improved ways to end risk of falling pregnant. A newer and less invasive method of female sterilisation is Essure. It takes around 15 minutes to perform and requires a micro-device a tiny coil of titanium placed inside each fallopian tube. Vasectomy is the only permanent option for men, a surgical procedure which involves closing off the vas deferens, the sperm-carrying tubes, to prevent sperm from becoming part of the semen.

Published
2013

90. Lisa Wilkinson: My cruise dairy.

Author

HALL, JOANNA

Subjects
OFFSHORE sailing, TOURISM, TRANSPORTATION
Abstract

The article presents information on the growing popularity of river cruising in Europe as well as a trip by Australian television personality Lisa Wilkinson. Increasing numbers of tourists are embracing and cruising as a mode of transport and sightseeing. Europe's waterways are its ancient highways and home to many towns and cities. Personalised tours are offered by the ships along with local guides and various activities like wine tasting.

Published
2011

91. virtual therapy: how it works for you.

Author

Hall, Joanna

Subjects
VIRTUAL reality therapy, SUBCONSCIOUSNESS, MENTAL depression, PAIN management, LIFESTYLES
Abstract

The article discusses about virtual reality therapy (VRT) which helps one focus on the subconscious mind by placing person in virtual world to treat the problems. It highlights the differences between VRT and virtual reality hypnosis (VRH). It enlist various areas where VRH may be helpful which includes anxiety, depression and pain management. Shirley Smith, a psychotherapist states that VRH is all about making changes in lifestyle, the way one behaves, thinks and emotes.

Published
2010

92. Working in partnership.

Author

Taylor, Janet, Kramer, Kezia, Chen, Ting Tina, Man Jiao Zi Deng, Chuan, Si, Miao Ling Yu, Ning, Liao, Si Qi Hou, and Hall, Joanna

Abstract

Presents universities, colleges and schools which have formed partnerships with the Royal Academy of Dance in London, England. Auckland University of Technology in New Zealand; Shanghai Tong Ji University in China; Schools and colleges in Great Britain.

Published
2006

93. The lowdown on the best cruises.

Author

HALL, JOANNA

Subjects
OCEAN travel, CRUISE industry
Abstract

The article previews the latest in sea and river cruises including P&O World Cruises' Britannia, France's Compagnie du Ponant's venture into Australian waters with its yacht Le Lyrial, and the Viking Star's first foray in Europe by Viking River Cruises.

Published
2015

94. Effect of hydrocortisone on mortality and organ support in patients with severe COVID-19

Author

Angus, Derek, Derde, Lennie, Al-Beidh, Farah, Annane, Djillali, Arabi, Yaseen, Beane, Abigail, van Bentum-Puijk, Wilma, Berry, Lindsay, Bhimani, Zahra, Bonten, Marc, Bradbury, Charlotte, Brunkhorst, Frank, Buxton, Meredith, Buzgau, Adrian, Cheng, Allen, de Jong, Menno, Detry, Michelle, Estcourt, Lise, Fitzgerald, Mark, Goossens, Herman, Green, Cameron, Haniffa, Rashan, Higgins, Alisa, Horvat, Christopher, Hullegie, Sebastiaan, Kruger, Peter, Lamontagne, Francois, Lawler, Patrick, Linstrum, Kelsey, Litton, Edward, Lorenzi, Elizabeth, Marshall, John, Mcauley, Daniel, Mcglothin, Anna, Mcguinness, Shay, Mcverry, Bryan, Montgomery, Stephanie, Mouncey, Paul, Murthy, Srinivas, Nichol, Alistair, Parke, Rachael, Parker, Jane, Rowan, Kathryn, Sanil, Ashish, Santos, Marlene, Saunders, Christina, Seymour, Christopher, Turner, Anne, van de Veerdonk, Frank, Venkatesh, Balasubramanian, Zarychanski, Ryan, Berry, Scott, Lewis, Roger, Mcarthur, Colin, Webb, Steven, Gordon, Anthony, NIHR, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Writing Committee for the REMAP-CAP Investigators, Farah Al-Beidh, Derek Angus, Djillali Annane, Yaseen Arabi, Wilma van Bentum-Puijk, Scott Berry, Abigail Beane, Zahra Bhimani, Marc Bonten, Charlotte Bradbury, Frank Brunkhorst, Meredith Buxton, Allen Cheng, Menno De Jong, Lennie Derde, Lise Estcourt, Herman Goossens, Anthony Gordon, Cameron Green, Rashan Haniffa, Francois Lamontagne, Patrick Lawler, Edward Litton, John Marshall, Colin McArthur, Daniel McAuley, Shay McGuinness, Bryan McVerry, Stephanie Montgomery, Paul Mouncey, Srinivas Murthy, Alistair Nichol, Rachael Parke, Kathryn Rowan, Christopher Seymour, Anne Turner, Frank van de Veerdonk, Steve Webb, Ryan Zarychanski, Lewis Campbell, Andrew Forbes, David Gattas, Stephane Heritier, Lisa Higgins, Peter Kruger, Sandra Peake, Jeffrey Presneill, Ian Seppelt, Tony Trapani, Paul Young, Sean Bagshaw, Nick Daneman, Niall Ferguson, Cheryl Misak, Marlene Santos, Sebastiaan Hullegie, Mathias Pletz, Gernot Rohde, Kathy Rowan, Brian Alexander, Kim Basile, Timothy Girard, Christopher Horvat, David Huang, Kelsey Linstrum, Jennifer Vates, Richard Beasley, Robert Fowler, Steve McGloughlin, Susan Morpeth, David Paterson, Bala Venkatesh, Tim Uyeki, Kenneth Baillie, Eamon Duffy, Rob Fowler, Thomas Hills, Katrina Orr, Asad Patanwala, Steve Tong, Mihai Netea, Shilesh Bihari, Marc Carrier, Dean Fergusson, Ewan Goligher, Ghady Haidar, Beverley Hunt, Anand Kumar, Mike Laffan, Patrick Lawless, Sylvain Lother, Peter McCallum, Saskia Middeldopr, Zoe McQuilten, Matthew Neal, John Pasi, Roger Schutgens, Simon Stanworth, Alexis Turgeon, Alexandra Weissman, Neill Adhikari, Matthew Anstey, Emily Brant, Angelique de Man, Francois Lamonagne, Marie-Helene Masse, Andrew Udy, Donald Arnold, Phillipe Begin, Richard Charlewood, Michael Chasse, Mark Coyne, Jamie Cooper, James Daly, Iain Gosbell, Heli Harvala-Simmonds, Tom Hills, Sheila MacLennan, David Menon, John McDyer, Nicole Pridee, David Roberts, Manu Shankar-Hari, Helen Thomas, Alan Tinmouth, Darrell Triulzi, Tim Walsh, Erica Wood, Carolyn Calfee, Cecilia O’Kane, Murali Shyamsundar, Pratik Sinha, Taylor Thompson, Ian Young, Shailesh Bihari, Carol Hodgson, John Laffey, Danny McAuley, Neil Orford, Ary Neto, Michelle Detry, Mark Fitzgerald, Roger Lewis, Anna McGlothlin, Ashish Sanil, Christina Saunders, Lindsay Berry, Elizabeth Lorenzi, Eliza Miller, Vanessa Singh, Claire Zammit, Wilma van Bentum Puijk, Wietske Bouwman, Yara Mangindaan, Lorraine Parker, Svenja Peters, Ilse Rietveld, Kik Raymakers, Radhika Ganpat, Nicole Brillinger, Rene Markgraf, Kate Ainscough, Kathy Brickell, Aisha Anjum, Janis-Best Lane, Alvin Richards-Belle, Michelle Saull, Daisy Wiley, Julian Bion, Jason Connor, Simon Gates, Victoria Manax, Tom van der Poll, John Reynolds, Marloes van Beurden, Evelien Effelaar, Joost Schotsman, Craig Boyd, Cain Harland, Audrey Shearer, Jess Wren, Giles Clermont, William Garrard, Kyle Kalchthaler, Andrew King, Daniel Ricketts, Salim Malakoutis, Oscar Marroquin, Edvin Music, Kevin Quinn, Heidi Cate, Karen Pearson, Joanne Collins, Jane Hanson, Penny Williams, Shane Jackson, Adeeba Asghar, Sarah Dyas, Mihaela Sutu, Sheenagh Murphy, Dawn Williamson, Nhlanhla Mguni, Alison Potter, David Porter, Jayne Goodwin, Clare Rook, Susie Harrison, Hannah Williams, Hilary Campbell, Kaatje Lomme, James Williamson, Jonathan Sheffield, Willian van’t Hoff, Phobe McCracken, Meredith Young, Jasmin Board, Emma Mart, Cameron Knott, Julie Smith, Catherine Boschert, Julia Affleck, Mahesh Ramanan, Ramsy D’Souza, Kelsey Pateman, Arif Shakih, Winston Cheung, Mark Kol, Helen Wong, Asim Shah, Atul Wagh, Joanne Simpson, Graeme Duke, Peter Chan, Brittney Cartner, Stephanie Hunter, Russell Laver, Tapaswi Shrestha, Adrian Regli, Annamaria Pellicano, James McCullough, Mandy Tallott, Nikhil Kumar, Rakshit Panwar, Gail Brinkerhoff, Cassandra Koppen, Federica Cazzola, Matthew Brain, Sarah Mineall, Roy Fischer, Vishwanath Biradar, Natalie Soar, Hayden White, Kristen Estensen, Lynette Morrison, Joanne Smith, Melanie Cooper, Monash Health, Yahya Shehabi, Wisam Al-Bassam, Amanda Hulley, Christina Whitehead, Julie Lowrey, Rebecca Gresha, James Walsham, Jason Meyer, Meg Harward, Ellen Venz, Patricia Williams, Catherine Kurenda, Kirsy Smith, Margaret Smith, Rebecca Garcia, Deborah Barge, Deborah Byrne, Kathleen Byrne, Alana Driscoll, Louise Fortune, Pierre Janin, Elizabeth Yarad, Naomi Hammond, Frances Bass, Angela Ashelford, Sharon Waterson, Steve Wedd, Robert McNamara, Heidi Buhr, Jennifer Coles, Sacha Schweikert, Bradley Wibrow, Rashmi Rauniyar, Erina Myers, Ed Fysh, Ashlish Dawda, Bhaumik Mevavala, Ed Litton, Janet Ferrier, Priya Nair, Hergen Buscher, Claire Reynolds, John Santamaria, Leanne Barbazza, Jennifer Homes, Roger Smith, Lauren Murray, Jane Brailsford, Loretta Forbes, Teena Maguire, Vasanth Mariappa, Judith Smith, Scott Simpson, Matthew Maiden, Allsion Bone, Michelle Horton, Tania Salerno, Martin Sterba, Wenli Geng, Pieter Depuydt, Jan De Waele, Liesbet De Bus, Jan Fierens, Stephanie Bracke, Brenda Reeve, William Dechert, Michaël Chassé, François Martin Carrier, Dounia Boumahni, Fatna Benettaib, Ali Ghamraoui, David Bellemare, Ève Cloutier, Charles Francoeur, François Lamontagne, Frédérick D’Aragon, Elaine Carbonneau, Julie Leblond, Gloria Vazquez-Grande, Nicole Marten, Maggie Wilson, Martin Albert, Karim Serri, Alexandros Cavayas, Mathilde Duplaix, Virginie Williams, Bram Rochwerg, Tim Karachi, Simon Oczkowski, John Centofanti, Tina Millen, Erick Duan, Jennifer Tsang, Lisa Patterson, Shane English, Irene Watpool, Rebecca Porteous, Sydney Miezitis, Lauralyn McIntyre, Laurent Brochard, Karen Burns, Gyan Sandhu, Imrana Khalid, Alexandra Binnie, Elizabeth Powell, Alexandra McMillan, Tracy Luk, Noah Aref, Zdravko Andric, Sabina Cviljevic, Renata Đimoti, Marija Zapalac, Gordan Mirković, Bruno Baršić, Marko Kutleša, Viktor Kotarski, Ana Vujaklija Brajković, Jakša Babel, Helena Sever, Lidija Dragija, Ira Kušan, Suvi Vaara, Leena Pettilä, Jonna Heinonen, Anne Kuitunen, Sari Karlsson, Annukka Vahtera, Heikki Kiiski, Sanna Ristimäki, Amine Azaiz, Cyril Charron, Mathieu Godement, Guillaume Geri, Antoine Vieillard-Baron, Franck Pourcine, Mehran Monchi, David Luis, Romain Mercier, Anne Sagnier, Nathalie Verrier, Cecile Caplin, Shidasp Siami, Christelle Aparicio, Sarah Vautier, Asma Jeblaoui, Muriel Fartoukh, Laura Courtin, Vincent Labbe, Cécile Leparco, Grégoire Muller, Mai-Anh Nay, Toufik Kamel, Dalila Benzekri, Sophie Jacquier, Emmanuelle Mercier, Delphine Chartier, Charlotte Salmon, PierreFrançois Dequin, Francis Schneider, Guillaume Morel, Sylvie L’Hotellier, Julio Badie, Fernando Daniel Berdaguer, Sylvain Malfroy, Chaouki Mezher, Charlotte Bourgoin, Bruno Megarbane, Sebastian Voicu, Nicolas Deye, Isabelle Malissin, Laetitia Sutterlin, Christophe Guitton, Cédric Darreau, Mickaël Landais, Nicolas Chudeau, Alain Robert, Pierre Moine, Nicholas Heming, Virginie Maxime, Isabelle Bossard, Tiphaine Barbarin Nicholier, Gwenhael Colin, Vanessa Zinzoni, Natacham Maquigneau, André Finn, Gabriele Kreß, Uwe Hoff, Carl Friedrich Hinrichs, Jens Nee, Mathias Pletz, Stefan Hagel, Juliane Ankert, Steffi Kolanos, Frank Bloos, Sirak Petros, Bastian Pasieka, Kevin Kunz, Peter Appelt, Bianka Schütze, Stefan Kluge, Axel Nierhaus, Dominik Jarczak, Kevin Roedl, Dirk Weismann, Anna Frey, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Lorenz Reill, Michael Distler, Astrid Maselli, János Bélteczki, István Magyar, Ágnes Fazekas, Sándor Kovács, Viktória Szőke, Gábor Szigligeti, János Leszkoven, Daniel Collins, Patrick Breen, Stephen Frohlich, Ruth Whelan, Bairbre McNicholas, Michael Scully, Siobhan Casey, Maeve Kernan, Peter Doran, Michael O’Dywer, Michelle Smyth, Leanne Hayes, Oscar Hoiting, Marco Peters, Els Rengers, Mirjam Evers, Anton Prinssen, Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, Koen Simons, Wim Rozendaal, F Polderman, P de Jager, M Moviat, A Paling, A Salet, Emma Rademaker, Anna Linda Peters, E de Jonge, J Wigbers, E Guilder, M Butler, Keri-Anne Cowdrey, Lynette Newby, Yan Chen, Catherine Simmonds, Rachael McConnochie, Jay Ritzema Carter, Seton Henderson, Kym Van Der Heyden, Jan Mehrtens, Tony Williams, Alex Kazemi, Rima Song, Vivian Lai, Dinu Girijadevi, Robert Everitt, Robert Russell, Danielle Hacking, Ulrike Buehner, Erin Williams, Troy Browne, Kate Grimwade, Jennifer Goodson, Owen Keet, Owen Callender, Robert Martynoga, Kara Trask, Amelia Butler, Livia Schischka, Chelsea Young, Eden Lesona, Shaanti Olatunji, Yvonne Robertson, Nuno José, Teodoro Amaro dos Santos Catorze, Tiago Nuno Alfaro de Lima Pereira, Lucilia Maria Neves Pessoa, Ricardo Manuel Castro Ferreira, Joana Margarida Pereira Sousa Bastos, Simin Aysel Florescu, Delia Stanciu, Miahela Florentina Zaharia, Alma Gabriela Kosa, Daniel Codreanu, Yaseen Marabi, Eman Al Qasim, Mohamned Moneer Hagazy, Lolowa Al Swaidan, Hatim Arishi, Rosana Muñoz-Bermúdez, Judith Marin-Corral, Anna Salazar Degracia, Francisco Parrilla Gómez, Maria Isabel Mateo López, Jorge Rodriguez Fernandez, Sheila Cárcel Fernández, Rosario Carmona Flores, Rafael León López, Carmen de la Fuente Martos, Angela Allan, Petra Polgarova, Neda Farahi, Stephen McWilliam, Daniel Hawcutt, Laura Rad, Laura O’Malley, Jennifer Whitbread, Olivia Kelsall, Laura Wild, Jessica Thrush, Hannah Wood, Karen Austin, Adrian Donnelly, Martin Kelly, Sinéad O’Kane, Declan McClintock, Majella Warnock, Paul Johnston, Linda Jude Gallagher, Clare Mc Goldrick, Moyra Mc Master, Anna Strzelecka, Rajeev Jha, Michael Kalogirou, Christine Ellis, Vinodh Krishnamurthy, Vashish Deelchand, Jon Silversides, Peter McGuigan, Kathryn Ward, Aisling O’Neill, Stephanie Finn, Barbara Phillips, Dee Mullan, Laura Oritz-Ruiz de Gordoa, Matthew Thomas, Katie Sweet, Lisa Grimmer, Rebekah Johnson, Jez Pinnell, Matt Robinson, Lisa Gledhill, Tracy Wood, Matt Morgan, Jade Cole, Helen Hill, Michelle Davies, David Antcliffe, Maie Templeton, Roceld Rojo, Phoebe Coghlan, Joanna Smee, Euan Mackay, Jon Cort, Amanda Whileman, Thomas Spencer, Nick Spittle, Vidya Kasipandian, Amit Patel, Suzanne Allibone, Roman Mary Genetu, Mohamed Ramali, Alison Ghosh, Peter Bamford, Emily London, Kathryn Cawley, Maria Faulkner, Helen Jeffrey, Tim Smith, Chris Brewer, Jane Gregory, James Limb, Amanda Cowton, Julie O’Brien, Nikitas Nikitas, Colin Wells, Liana Lankester, Mark Pulletz, Patricia Williams, Jenny Birch, Sophie Wiseman, Sarah Horton, Ana Alegria, Salah Turki, Tarek Elsefi, Nikki Crisp, Louise Allen, Iain McCullagh, Philip Robinson, Carole Hays, Maite Babio-Galan, Hannah Stevenson, Divya Khare, Meredith Pinder, Selvin Selvamoni, Amitha Gopinath, Richard Pugh, Daniel Menzies, Callum Mackay, Elizabeth Allan, Gwyneth Davies, Kathryn Puxty, Claire McCue, Susanne Cathcart, Naomi Hickey, Jane Ireland, Hakeem Yusuff, Graziella Isgro, Chris Brightling, Michelle Bourne, Michelle Craner, Malcolm Watters, Rachel Prout, Louisa Davies, Suzannah Pegler, Lynsey Kyeremeh, Gill Arbane, Karen Wilson, Linda Gomm, Federica Francia, Stephen Brett, Sonia Sousa Arias, Rebecca Elin Hall, Joanna Budd, Charlotte Small, Janine Birch, Emma Collins, Jeremy Henning, Stephen Bonner, Keith Hugill, Emanuel Cirstea, Dean Wilkinson, Michal Karlikowski, Helen Sutherland, Elva Wilhelmsen, Jane Woods, Julie North, Dhinesh Sundaran, Laszlo Hollos, Susan Coburn, Joanne Walsh, Margaret Turns, Phil Hopkins, John Smith, Harriet Noble, Maria Theresa Depante, Emma Clarey, Shondipon Laha, Mark Verlander, Alexandra Williams, Abby Huckle, Andrew Hall, Jill Cooke, Caroline Gardiner-Hill, Carolyn Maloney, Hafiz Qureshi, Neil Flint, Sarah Nicholson, Sara Southin, Andrew Nicholson, Barbara Borgatta, Ian Turner-Bone, Amie Reddy, Laura Wilding, Loku Chamara Warnapura, Ronan Agno Sathianathan, David Golden, Ciaran Hart, Jo Jones, Jonathan Bannard-Smith, Joanne Henry, Katie Birchall, Fiona Pomeroy, Rachael Quayle, Arystarch Makowski, Beata Misztal, Iram Ahmed, Thyra KyereDiabour, Kevin Naiker, Richard Stewart, Esther Mwaura, Louise Mew, Lynn Wren, Felicity Willams, Richard Innes, Patricia Doble, Joanne Hutter, Charmaine Shovelton, Benjamin Plumb, Tamas Szakmany, Vincent Hamlyn, Nancy Hawkins, Sarah Lewis, Amanda Dell, Shameer Gopal, Saibal Ganguly, Andrew Smallwood, Nichola Harris, Stella Metherell, Juan Martin Lazaro, Tabitha Newman, Simon Fletcher, Jurgens Nortje, Deirdre Fottrell-Gould, Georgina Randell, Mohsin Zaman, Einas Elmahi, Andrea Jones, Kathryn Hall, Gary Mills, Kim Ryalls, Helen Bowler, Jas Sall, Richard Bourne, Zoe Borrill, Tracey Duncan, Thomas Lamb, Joanne Shaw, Claire Fox, Jeronimo Moreno Cuesta, Kugan Xavier, Dharam Purohit, Munzir Elhassan, Dhanalakshmi Bakthavatsalam, Matthew Rowland, Paula Hutton, Archana Bashyal, Neil Davidson, Clare Hird, Manish Chhablani, Gunjan Phalod, Amy Kirkby, Simon Archer, Kimberley Netherton, Henrik Reschreiter, Julie Camsooksai, Sarah Patch, Sarah Jenkins, David Pogson, Steve Rose, Zoe Daly, Lutece Brimfield, Helen Claridge, Dhruv Parekh, Colin Bergin, Michelle Bates, Joanne Dasgin, Christopher McGhee, Malcolm Sim, Sophie Kennedy Hay, Steven Henderson, Mandeep-Kaur Phull, Abbas Zaidi, Tatiana Pogreban, Lace Paulyn Rosaroso, Daniel Harvey, Benjamin Lowe, Megan Meredith, Lucy Ryan, Anil Hormis, Rachel Walker, Dawn Collier, Sarah Kimpton, Susan Oakley, Kevin Rooney, Natalie Rodden, Emma Hughes, Nicola Thomson, Deborah McGlynn, Andrew Walden, Nicola Jacques, Holly Coles, Emma Tilney, Emma Vowell, Martin Schuster-Bruce, Sally Pitts, Rebecca Miln, Laura Purandare, Luke Vamplew, Michael Spivey, Sarah Bean, Karen Burt, Lorraine Moore, Christopher Day, Charly Gibson, Elizabeth Gordon, Letizia Zitter, Samantha Keenan, Evelyn Baker, Shiney Cherian, Sean Cutler, Anna Roynon-Reed, Kate Harrington, Ajay Raithatha, Kris Bauchmuller, Norfaizan Ahmad, Irina Grecu, Dawn Trodd, Jane Martin, Caroline Wrey Brown, Ana-Marie Arias, Thomas Craven, David Hope, Jo Singleton, Sarah Clark, Nicola Rae, Ingeborg Welters, David Oliver Hamilton, Karen Williams, Victoria Waugh, David Shaw, Zudin Puthucheary, Timothy Martin, Filipa Santos, Ruzena Uddin, Alastair Somerville, Kate Colette Tatham, Shaman Jhanji, Ethel Black, Arnold Dela Rosa, Ryan Howle, Redmond Tully, Andrew Drummond, Joy Dearden, Jennifer Philbin, Sheila Munt, Alain Vuylsteke, Charles Chan, Saji Victor, Ramprasad Matsa, Minerva Gellamucho, Ben Creagh-Brown, Joe Tooley, Laura Montague, Fiona De Beaux, Laetitia Bullman, Ian Kersiake, Carrie Demetriou, Sarah Mitchard, Lidia Ramos, Katie White, Phil Donnison, Maggie Johns, Ruth Casey, Lehentha Mattocks, Sarah Salisbury, Paul Dark, Andrew Claxton, Danielle McLachlan, Kathryn Slevin, Stephanie Lee, Jonathan Hulme, Sibet Joseph, Fiona Kinney, Ho Jan Senya, Aneta Oborska, Abdul Kayani, Bernard Hadebe, Rajalakshmi Orath Prabakaran, Lesley Nichols, Matt Thomas, Ruth Worner, Beverley Faulkner, Emma Gendall, Kati Hayes, Colin Hamilton-Davies, Carmen Chan, Celina Mfuko, Hakam Abbass, Vineela Mandadapu, Susannah Leaver, Daniel Forton, Kamal Patel, Elankumaran Paramasivam, Matthew Powell, Richard Gould, Elizabeth Wilby, Clare Howcroft, Dorota Banach, Ziortza Fernández de Pinedo Artaraz, Leilani Cabreros, Ian White, Maria Croft, Nicky Holland, Rita Pereira, Ahmed Zaki, David Johnson, Matthew Jackson, Hywel Garrard, Vera Juhaz, Alistair Roy, Anthony Rostron, Lindsey Woods, Sarah Cornell, Suresh Pillai, Rachel Harford, Tabitha Rees, Helen Ivatt, Ajay Sundara Raman, Miriam Davey, Kelvin Lee, Russell Barber, Manish Chablani, Farooq Brohi, Vijay Jagannathan, Michele Clark, Sarah Purvis, Bill Wetherill, Ahilanandan Dushianthan, Rebecca Cusack, Kim de Courcy-Golder, Simon Smith, Susan Jackson, Ben Attwood, Penny Parsons, Valerie Page, Xiao Bei Zhao, Deepali Oza, Jonathan Rhodes, Tom Anderson, Sheila Morris, Charlotte Xia Le Tai, Amy Thomas, Alexandra Keen, Stephen Digby, Nicholas Cowley, Laura Wild, David Southern, Harsha Reddy, Andy Campbell, Claire Watkins, Sara Smuts, Omar Touma, Nicky Barnes, Peter Alexander, Tim Felton, Susan Ferguson, Katharine Sellers, Joanne Bradley-Potts, David Yates, Isobel Birkinshaw, Kay Kell, Nicola Marshall, Lisa Carr-Knott, Charlotte Summers, and Mégarbane, Bruno

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, General Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Writing Committee for the REMAP-CAP Investigators, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, General & Internal Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, [SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, 11 Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

Importance Evidence regarding corticosteroid use for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited. Objective To determine whether hydrocortisone improves outcome for patients with severe COVID-19. Design, Setting, and Participants An ongoing adaptive platform trial testing multiple interventions within multiple therapeutic domains, for example, antiviral agents, corticosteroids, or immunoglobulin. Between March 9 and June 17, 2020, 614 adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled and randomized within at least 1 domain following admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) for respiratory or cardiovascular organ support at 121 sites in 8 countries. Of these, 403 were randomized to open-label interventions within the corticosteroid domain. The domain was halted after results from another trial were released. Follow-up ended August 12, 2020. Interventions The corticosteroid domain randomized participants to a fixed 7-day course of intravenous hydrocortisone (50 mg or 100 mg every 6 hours) (n = 143), a shock-dependent course (50 mg every 6 hours when shock was clinically evident) (n = 152), or no hydrocortisone (n = 108). Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was organ support–free days (days alive and free of ICU-based respiratory or cardiovascular support) within 21 days, where patients who died were assigned –1 day. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model that included all patients enrolled with severe COVID-19, adjusting for age, sex, site, region, time, assignment to interventions within other domains, and domain and intervention eligibility. Superiority was defined as the posterior probability of an odds ratio greater than 1 (threshold for trial conclusion of superiority >99%). Results After excluding 19 participants who withdrew consent, there were 384 patients (mean age, 60 years; 29% female) randomized to the fixed-dose (n = 137), shock-dependent (n = 146), and no (n = 101) hydrocortisone groups; 379 (99%) completed the study and were included in the analysis. The mean age for the 3 groups ranged between 59.5 and 60.4 years; most patients were male (range, 70.6%-71.5%); mean body mass index ranged between 29.7 and 30.9; and patients receiving mechanical ventilation ranged between 50.0% and 63.5%. For the fixed-dose, shock-dependent, and no hydrocortisone groups, respectively, the median organ support–free days were 0 (IQR, –1 to 15), 0 (IQR, –1 to 13), and 0 (–1 to 11) days (composed of 30%, 26%, and 33% mortality rates and 11.5, 9.5, and 6 median organ support–free days among survivors). The median adjusted odds ratio and bayesian probability of superiority were 1.43 (95% credible interval, 0.91-2.27) and 93% for fixed-dose hydrocortisone, respectively, and were 1.22 (95% credible interval, 0.76-1.94) and 80% for shock-dependent hydrocortisone compared with no hydrocortisone. Serious adverse events were reported in 4 (3%), 5 (3%), and 1 (1%) patients in the fixed-dose, shock-dependent, and no hydrocortisone groups, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance Among patients with severe COVID-19, treatment with a 7-day fixed-dose course of hydrocortisone or shock-dependent dosing of hydrocortisone, compared with no hydrocortisone, resulted in 93% and 80% probabilities of superiority with regard to the odds of improvement in organ support–free days within 21 days. However, the trial was stopped early and no treatment strategy met prespecified criteria for statistical superiority, precluding definitive conclusions.

Published
2020

95. Antibody responses after intravaginal immunisation with trimeric HIV-1CN54 clade C gp140 in Carbopol gel are augmented by systemic priming or boosting with an adjuvanted formulation

Author

Cranage, Martin P., Fraser, Carol A., Cope, Alethea, McKay, Paul F., Seaman, Michael S., Cole, Tom, Mahmoud, A. Nasir, Hall, Joanna, Giles, Elaine, Voss, Gerald, Page, Mark, Almond, Neil, and Shattock, Robin J.

Subjects
*DRUG administration, *IMMUNE response, *AIDS vaccines, *IMMUNOGLOBULINS, *IMMUNIZATION, *EXCIPIENTS, *IMMUNOLOGICAL adjuvants, *MUCOUS membranes, *DRUG development, *PHARMACEUTICAL gels
Abstract

Abstract: Optimum strategies to elicit and maintain antibodies at mucosal portals of virus entry are critical for the development of vaccines against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Here we show in non-human primates that a novel regimen of repeated intravaginal delivery of a non-adjuvanted, soluble recombinant trimeric HIV-1CN54 clade C envelope glycoprotein (gp140) administered in Carbopol gel can prime for B-cell responses even in the absence of seroconversion. Following 3 cycles of repeated intravaginal administration, throughout each intermenses interval, 3 of 4 macaques produced or boosted systemic and mucosally-detected antibodies upon intramuscular immunisation with gp140 formulated in AS01 adjuvant. Reciprocally, a single intramuscular immunisation primed 3 of 4 macaques for antibody boosting after a single cycle of intravaginal immunisation. Virus neutralising activity was detected against clade C and clade B HIV-1 envelopes but was restricted to highly neutralisation sensitive pseudoviruses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

96. CD8+ Lymphocytes Do Not Mediate Protection against Acute Superinfection 20 Days after Vaccination with a Live Attenuated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus.

Author

Stebbings, Richard, Berry, Neil, Waldmann, Herman, Bird, Pru, Hale, Geoff, Stott, Jim, North, David, Hull, Robin, Hall, Joanna, Lines, Jenny, Brown, Stuart, D'Arcy, Nikki, Davis, Leanne, Elsley, William, Edwards, Cherry, Ferguson, Deborah, Allen, Jane, and Almond, Neil

Subjects
*T cells, *LYMPHOCYTES, *SIMIAN viruses, *MONOCLONAL antibodies, *VIROLOGY
Abstract

In order to test the hypothesis that CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes mediate protection against acute superinfection, we depleted >99% of CD8+ lymphocytes in live attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus macC8 (SIVmacC8) vaccinees from the onset of vaccination, maintained that depletion for 20 days, and then challenged with pathogenic, wild-type SIVmacJ5. Vaccinees received 5 mg per kg of humanized anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody (MAb) 1 h before inoculation, followed by the same dose again on days 3, 7, 10, 13, and 17. On day 13, peripheral CD8 + T lymphocytes were >99% depleted in three out of four anti-CD8 MAb-treated vaccinees. At this time attenuated SIVmacC8 viral RNA loads in anti-CD8 MAb-treated vaccinees were significantly higher than control vaccinees treated contemporaneously with nonspecific human immunoglobulin. Lymphoid tissue CD8+ T lymphocyte depletion was >99% in three out of four anti-CD8 MAb-treated vaccinees on the day of wild-type SIVmacJ5 challenge. All four control vaccinees and three out of four anti-CD8 MAb-treated vaccinees were protected against detectable superinfection with wild-type SIVmacJ5. Although superinfection with wild-type SIVmacJ5 was detected at postmortem in a single anti-CD8 MAb-treated vaccinee, this did not correlate with the degree of preceding CD8+ T lymphocyte depletion. Clearance of attenuated SIVmacC8 viremia coincided with recovery of normal CD8+ T lymphocyte counts between days 48 and 76. These results support the view that cytotoxic T lymphocytes are important for host-mediated control of SIV primary viremia but do not indicate a central role in protection against acute superinfection conferred by inoculation with live attenuated SIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

97. Antibody responses after intravaginal immunisation with trimeric HIV-1 CN54 clade C gp140 in Carbopol gel are augmented by systemic priming or boosting with an adjuvanted formulation.

Author

Cranage MP, Fraser CA, Cope A, McKay PF, Seaman MS, Cole T, Mahmoud AN, Hall J, Giles E, Voss G, Page M, Almond N, and Shattock RJ

Subjects
AIDS Vaccines administration & dosage, Acrylic Resins, Adjuvants, Immunologic administration & dosage, Administration, Intravaginal, Animals, Antibodies, Neutralizing blood, Female, HIV Antibodies blood, HIV Infections immunology, HIV-1 immunology, Immunity, Mucosal, Injections, Intramuscular, Macaca fascicularis, Neutralization Tests, Polyvinyls administration & dosage, Vagina immunology, Vagina metabolism, AIDS Vaccines immunology, Antibody Formation, HIV Infections prevention & control, Immunization, Secondary, env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus immunology
Abstract

Optimum strategies to elicit and maintain antibodies at mucosal portals of virus entry are critical for the development of vaccines against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Here we show in non-human primates that a novel regimen of repeated intravaginal delivery of a non-adjuvanted, soluble recombinant trimeric HIV-1(CN54) clade C envelope glycoprotein (gp140) administered in Carbopol gel can prime for B-cell responses even in the absence of seroconversion. Following 3 cycles of repeated intravaginal administration, throughout each intermenses interval, 3 of 4 macaques produced or boosted systemic and mucosally-detected antibodies upon intramuscular immunisation with gp140 formulated in AS01 adjuvant. Reciprocally, a single intramuscular immunisation primed 3 of 4 macaques for antibody boosting after a single cycle of intravaginal immunisation. Virus neutralising activity was detected against clade C and clade B HIV-1 envelopes but was restricted to highly neutralisation sensitive pseudoviruses., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

98. CD8+ lymphocytes do not mediate protection against acute superinfection 20 days after vaccination with a live attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus.

Author

Stebbings R, Berry N, Waldmann H, Bird P, Hale G, Stott J, North D, Hull R, Hall J, Lines J, Brown S, D'Arcy N, Davis L, Elsley W, Edwards C, Ferguson D, Allen J, and Almond N

Subjects
Animals, Lymphocyte Count, Lymphocyte Depletion, Macaca fascicularis, RNA, Viral blood, SAIDS Vaccines administration & dosage, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome prevention & control, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome virology, Superinfection prevention & control, Time Factors, Vaccines, Attenuated administration & dosage, Viral Load, Viremia, Antibodies, Viral blood, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, SAIDS Vaccines immunology, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome immunology, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus immunology, Superinfection immunology, Vaccines, Attenuated immunology
Abstract

In order to test the hypothesis that CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes mediate protection against acute superinfection, we depleted >99% of CD8+ lymphocytes in live attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus macC8 (SIVmacC8) vaccinees from the onset of vaccination, maintained that depletion for 20 days, and then challenged with pathogenic, wild-type SIVmacJ5. Vaccinees received 5 mg per kg of humanized anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody (MAb) 1 h before inoculation, followed by the same dose again on days 3, 7, 10, 13, and 17. On day 13, peripheral CD8+ T lymphocytes were >99% depleted in three out of four anti-CD8 MAb-treated vaccinees. At this time attenuated SIVmacC8 viral RNA loads in anti-CD8 MAb-treated vaccinees were significantly higher than control vaccinees treated contemporaneously with nonspecific human immunoglobulin. Lymphoid tissue CD8+ T lymphocyte depletion was >99% in three out of four anti-CD8 MAb-treated vaccinees on the day of wild-type SIVmacJ5 challenge. All four control vaccinees and three out of four anti-CD8 MAb-treated vaccinees were protected against detectable superinfection with wild-type SIVmacJ5. Although superinfection with wild-type SIVmacJ5 was detected at postmortem in a single anti-CD8 MAb-treated vaccinee, this did not correlate with the degree of preceding CD8+ T lymphocyte depletion. Clearance of attenuated SIVmacC8 viremia coincided with recovery of normal CD8+ T lymphocyte counts between days 48 and 76. These results support the view that cytotoxic T lymphocytes are important for host-mediated control of SIV primary viremia but do not indicate a central role in protection against acute superinfection conferred by inoculation with live attenuated SIV.

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results