Search

Climate is defined as the "average weather" in a place and it includes patterns of temperature, precipitation (liquid or solid), humidity, wind and seasons. Climate patterns play a fundamental role in shaping natural ecosystems, and the human economies and cultures that depend on them. Climate change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns when that change lasts for an extended period of time. Climate change is happening considering that temperatures are rising, rainfall patterns are shifting, glaciers and snow are melting etc. Many forecasts indicate that these changes will continue, and that extreme weather events resulting in hazards such as floods and droughts will become more frequent and intense. Climate change is an additional pressure on ecosystems, leading to northward and uphill shifts of many plant and animal species. It negatively impacts agriculture, forestry, energy production, tourism, and infrastructure in general. Generally, when we discuss about the impact of climate change, we firstly talk about water. Water is a vital component of our environment and society being directly affected by the changes in precipitation and temperatures patterns. This paper will analyze the climate changes in the area of Timis County (Romania) since 1994 thus realizing an analysis for the last 20 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural engineering can be defined as the discipline which applies engineering principles to agricultural production and processing. Agricultural engineering combines several disciplines (as of mechanical, civil, electrical and chemical engineering principles) with a knowledge of agricultural principles. Agricultural engineering tasks can include planning, supervising and managing the building of dairy effluent schemes, agricultural water management activities (irrigation, drainage, flood and water control systems), environmental impact assessment assessments, interpreting research results and implement relevant practices. Innovation management is the management of innovation processes and includes a set of tools that allow managers and engineers to cooperate with a common understanding of processes and goals. Innovation management allows the organization to respond to external or internal opportunities, and use its creativity to introduce new ideas, processes or products. This paper will perform an analysis of implementing innovation management principles in agricultural engineering and will provide some study cases from Eastern Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable land management (SLM) is a procedure based on knowledge that aims at integrating the management of land, water, biodiversity, and other environmental resources to meet the current human needs, while protecting the resources for the future generations. World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies (WOCAT) is a global network of SLM specialists, institutions and national / regional initiatives that provides tools and methods that allow SLM specialists to document local knowledge and make it accessible at international level. This paper presents a WOCAT case study application in a country from Eastern Europe (Romania), a region where little knowledge has been documented in this manner. In Romania, the concept of SLM is applied too little, and although "traditional" SLM practices have been used for centuries they remain knowledge disseminated and accessible only at local level. The importance of documenting knowledge in order to make it accessible at international level has a vital importance for the future of SLM concept and for the future sustainable development of the planet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change has a major impact on freshwater resources from Europe. Changes in the water availability (shortage, excess, poor quality, ecosystem services) are noted all over the continent. The biggest challenges for Europe at the moment are the increase of water stress (and related droughts) and of flood risks. Romania is no exception to this situation. Extreme water-related events have affected the country in the last few years, affecting agriculture, energy and other socio-economic factors. Policies related to climate adaptation have to be taken into consideration in order to ensure resilience to these extreme water events. All these pressures on Europe's waters (diffuse pollution, hydromorphological alteration and over abstraction) are driven by the way agricultural land is managed, and by society's need for energy, transport and urbanization. To solve this problem we need to look at water and water ecosystems as one of the natural resources -- like food or energy -- needed in an economy. This paper will try to identify the water problems in Romania, from a European perspective, and propose measures of climate mitigation and climate adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental education for children should start at very low age, even before the school begins. An early environmental education based on practical experiences will help to shape children's values, perspectives, and understanding of the environment and how to interact with it. Nowadays many children have little or no meaningful exposure to environmental education or opportunities to connect with the natural world because they are not involved in proper activities and many times they are isolate from it. Interest and love for nature are, for most children, instinctive. Environmental education activities must be conducted in a relaxed atmosphere, where interest and communication encourage the initiatives, but also everyone's options. The introduction of preparatory class and has had a significant impact on the Romanian educational system. This paper will provide a personal image on how to manage environmental education for children from preparatory class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last years presented in Romania large variations regarding the temperatures and precipitations regimes. The western part of this country (which includes and the Banat region) was affected by floods and droughts, phenomenon which followed at very short periods of time. All of these phenomenon's can be understand as results of climatic changes. Due to its past hydrological situation, large areas from Banat region are covered by land reclamation and improvement areas, unfortunately part of them with an improper regime of work. These systems had an important role in facing the effects of climatic changes. Unfortunately still persist the menace of different water crisis situations; result of human's activities in the large frame of climatic changes. This paper will present graphs and maps representing different climatic indicators which were computed using different programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will present the results of some studies about water excess in Caras-Severin County (south-western Romania) as well as studies concerning the climatic situation. The author will present the results of the drainage study made for the main types of soils with excess moisture in the Greoni-Ticvanu Mare area, Caras-Severin County and will also present comparisons between the results obtained with DrenVSubIr and Espadren in computing the head losses (horizontal, vertical, radial and at entrance in drain). The paper will also present simulations concerning drainage systems discharge using models from Brazil and from Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last years presented in Romania large variations regarding the temperatures and precipitations regimes. The western part of this country (which includes and the Timis County) was affected several times by floods, phenomenons which were followed at very short periods of time by other water hazards. All of these phenomenons can be understand as results of climatic changes. This paper will present a study for the humidity excess in Bega Veche River Basin (western Romania) using new drainage software (Espadren, DrenVSubIr, Sisdrena) and integrated analysis flood system (IFAS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to have an efficient water use in an irrigation system, the designers as well as the personal in charge with the exploitation of this system must carefully watch the evolution of climate changes and the evolution of water-table levels. A carefully analysis of these elements will determine a rigorous calculation of the necessary specific irrigation water flows. This paper will present an evaluation of climate evolution tendency and of water-table levels in the area covered by Fantanele-Sagu Arad irrigation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the rehabilitation and modernization opportunity motivation of Fântânele Şagu Arad in the conditions of meeting the private owners requirements related to this irrigation system. In this case study is presented the solution and equipment for rehabilitation and modernization of Floating Pumping Station which pumps the water from river Mures to Supply Channel no. I (SC I), channel which is serving the considered irrigation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is based on comparisons between the results obtained with two different software for land drainage design (DrenVSubIr - from Romania and Espadren - from Costa Rica) in computing the head losses (horizontal, vertical, radial and at entrance in drain) for some areas characterized by humidity excess from south-western Romania (Caras-Severin county). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]