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Antibodies against different chronic viruses, including hepatitis C virus (HCV), express a public cross-reactive idiotype (Id) designated as 1F7. The prominence of this Id may reflect selective engagement of B1 B cells by chronic pathogens. We investigated this by comparing 1F7 Id expression on CD5+ and CD5− B cells, total IgG, total IgM and anti-HCV core antibodies in different HCV exposure settings. By flow cytometry, we observed a selective increase in 1F7 Id+CD5+ B cells in chronic HCV infection. 1F7 Id levels in different immunoglobulin compartments were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 1F7 Id expression was prominent in anti-HCV core antibodies of ∼90% of 141 HCV-exposed individuals tested. In the Canadian and Armenian study groups, participants who spontaneously cleared HCV infection had lower median 1F7 Id levels on total plasma IgG and anti-HCV core antibodies. Armenian spontaneous clearers, who were younger and more recently infected than their Canadian counterparts, also had had lower median 1F7 Id levels on total plasma IgM. Engagement by HCV of B-cell receptors within, or overlapping with the CD5+ B1 B-cell repertoire is reflected in the production of 1F7 Id+ anti-HCV antibodies and expansion of 1F7 Id+CD5+ B cells. Higher 1F7 Id expression levels are associated with chronic infection.Immunology and Cell Biology (2009) 87, 457–463; doi:10.1038/icb.2009.18; published online 31 March 2009 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using quantitative flow cytometry we study whole peripheral blood neutrophils and monocytes phagocytic activity of and the effects of drugs from various pharmacological groups in vitro in primary patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) who have not received treatment with colchicines. It was shown that the percentage of cells able to undergo phagocytosis and uptake of E. coli per cell is higher in populations of neutrophils and monocytes in FMF patients during the remission period, as compared to patients during a relapse and healthy donors. The efficiency of phagocytosis of neutrophils and monocytes in patients during an attack is higher compared to healthy donors. Colchicine and iodine-lithium-α-dextrin inhibited the phagocytosis of effector cells in FMF patients in a dose-t and time-dependent manner, while dexamethasone, prednisolone and sodium thiosulfate manifested a weak effect. The ability of iodine-lithium-α-dextrin to modulate the suppressive effect of colchicine, neutralize the effect of TNF-α and increase the effect of glucocorticoids were observed, as was the inhibiting effect of sodium thiosulfate on the action of iodine-lithium-α-dextrin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following amendments are made to the published article: Quintessence Int 2022;53:690-696; First published 17 August 2022; doi: 10.3290/j.qi.b3095013.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the long-term prognosis of short implants (5 to 6 mm) placed in the posterior region of the atrophic mandible., Method and Materials: The study included 81 patients with severe vertical atrophy of the bone in the posterior region. The patients had 248 short implants (5 to 6 mm) implants placed in the mandibular posterior region and 256 implants with length greater than 10 mm in the mandibular anterior region. Analysis of implant and prosthesis failures, cumulative survival rate, and marginal bone loss was determined at 1 year and 5 years of follow-up (58 ± 7 months)., Results: Mean marginal bone loss after 1 year of prosthetic loading was 0.74 mm for short implants and 0.72 mm for implants with length greater than 10 mm; after 5 years of prosthetic loading this was 1.27 mm for short implants and 1.31 mm for implants with length greater than 10 mm. Of 248 short implants (5 to 6 mm), six failed: four due to peri-implantitis and two due to lack of osseointegration (early rejection). Of 256 implants with length greater than 10 mm, five failed: three due to peri-implantitis and two due to lack of osseointegration (early rejection). On average, over the observation period (58 ± 7 months), the 5-year cumulative implant survival rate was 97.8% in short implants, and 98.1% in longer implants; the prosthesis cumulative survival rate was 98.2%., Conclusions: Based on the results, it was concluded that the prognosis of the use of short implants for prosthetics in the posterior resorbed mandible can be considered favorable and reasonable.

In the innate immune system, cellular adaptation regulates neutrophil activation and chemotaxis, which have a pivotal role in Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) pathogenesis. We investigated neutrophil F-actin, phagocytosis and macropinocytosis dynamics during neutrophil chemoattractant-dependent activation in FMF patients carrying mutations in the MEFV locus. We found that while a non-stimulated neutrophil shows an increased overall F-actin content in patients with FMF, the activation-dependent F-actin dynamics in the presence of chemoattractant peptide is significantly reduced. Neither overall F-actin content nor F-actin dynamics was changed in FMF patient's neutrophils in the presence of double doses of chemoattractant, while in healthy donors it occurred with significant reduction of F-actin content and dynamics. The neutrophil shows increased phagocytosis and macropinocytosis dynamics for a relatively short period, which may contribute to the decreasing of plasticity of the cellular cytoskeleton during FMF. Colchicine causes reduction of overall F-actin content and shows a distinctively unequal effect on chemoattractant-activated neutrophil F-actin dynamics in FMF patients compared with healthy donors. These data suggested that mutations in MEFV cause the dissolution of cellular adaptation to chemoattractant stimuli due to alterations in neutrophil F-actin and phagocytosis dynamics, which could serve as a major target for FMF treatment.