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Pakistani educational system is broadly divided into public and private sectors. Due to specific financial and administrative issues, the public sector has failed to produce social capital that could serve as an advocate of human rights. However, elite schools in the private sector are better equipped to educate their students on human rights. Through qualitative content analysis, the present study explores the status of human rights in history textbooks taught in elite schools from grade 6 to O-levels and the International Baccalaureate (I.B.) Middle Years Programme (MYP). It was observed that the human rights issues in Pakistan remained part of the null curriculum in the books published for Pakistani students. In the I.B. books, human rights issues were discussed at the global level, leaving elite students ignorant and oblivious to the state of human rights in Pakistan. It is suggested that human rights should be transformed from abstract and generalized statements to absolute and concrete reality, first stemming from local society and then advancing to a global community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay coins a term "Judeopessimism," engaging questions of some of the contemporary writing on antisemitism and its claim to be historical in nature through the lens of critical race theory, specifically Afropessimism and its offshoots, which make claims of anti-Blackness as political ontology. Is some of this writing on antisemitism really making theological or political ontological claims of "eternal antisemitism" refracted in a less volatile historical narrative? How can critical race theory and its understanding of anti-Blackness help refine, clarify, and push the discussion on antisemitism to be more forthright about its underlying claims? I explore some examples of ontological antisemitism in the writings of Meir Kahane and Naftali Zvi Berlin who each in different ways offer ahistorical and even ontological views on antisemitism that are mostly shunned by contemporary writing on the subject and suggest that Afropessimism offers a helpful way to see beyond the historical veil of how antisemitism is understood today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a concise review of the floristic studies in Bulgaria since the first fragmentary notes by foreign travelers and researches (on the turn of the 18th century) and up to the publication of the Flora of Bulgaria by Nikolay Stoyanov and Boris Stefanov (1924-1925) a century ago. The book had stirred then a wide-ranging response and great interest among the European botanists. It was the first work of the kind on the interesting and rich flora of the northeastern part of the Balkan Peninsula. The Flora was also of great importance for the Bulgarian botanists for rendering a strong impetus to the development of floristic, phytogeographical, phytocoenological and other botanical studies in Bulgaria. By 1966, the Flora of Bulgaria by N. Stoyanov and B. Stefanov had undergone three supplemented and improved editions, while in its fourth edition (1966-1967) participated Boris Kitanov. It has retained its importance ever since for determination of the plant species occurring in Bulgaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the history of the fields of science has special meanings and importance in the history of veterinary medicine. Various studies are carried out on this subject, both at the level of scientific articles and at the level of large-scale doctorate. In this article, the beginning of the veterinary surgery field in Türkiye and its historical development in Ankara University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, which is the oldest faculty, are discussed. The main material of the study was the first-hand archival resources provided by the Rectorate, Dean's Office and Departments of Ankara University. Various books and journals related to the subject were also used. The data obtained were evaluated within the framework of the historical methodology and were written down chronologically. The processes of the modern surgery education, which started with the Prussian Veterinarian Godlewsky in the Ottoman period, continued within the Higher Agricultural Institute and later Ankara University in the post-Republican period, the changes in the structure of the department with the changes in the university laws, the educational status, the academic stages and the number of publications until April 2022 of faculty members have been determined. The data obtained can shed light on the evaluations to be made in this field. As a result, it has been tried to present a well-coordinated source on the history of the field. The inclusion of detailed data on the surgical units of all veterinary faculties in Türkiye would enable the holistic determination of the quality of surgery in veterinary medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The historian Ibn Khaldūn (d. 1406) is most often treated by historians of philosophy as part of the story of political philosophy in the Islamic world. While this is perfectly legitimate, it may be misleading when it comes to the question of the method he proposes for the historian. This paper argues that that method is in fact based on a different branch of (Aristotelian) science: natural philosophy. After rendering this proposition initially plausible by noting frequent references to "nature" in the Muqaddima , the paper discusses a number of parallels between natural philosophy and history as Ibn Khaldūn conceives it. Ultimately it is suggested that this method is legitimated insofar as history is for Ibn Khaldūn a study of human nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows how the homo oeconomicus has evolved from utility at work to consumption and then to the mystification of profit in a context of financialization and long-term crisis. Thus, a semantic slippage occurs, which distorts the achievements of capitalism, such as individualism and self-interest, for a libertarian belief -alien to liberalism, to Bentham's utilitarianism and marginalism- in which it is not possible to define social utility, nor the connection between the "rationality" of individual decisions and social choices. Usefulness is confused with profit in the primacy of today's business mentality and is often reflected in individual behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the historical context of drug use in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. It discusses the legal production of psychoactive substances such as opium and hemp, as well as the beginnings of non-medical use during World War I. The article also explores the social and cultural aspects of drug use, including the presence of salons where cocaine and hashish were used. It highlights a case of cocaine poisoning and the challenges in identifying deaths among long-term cocaine users. The article discusses the connection between drug use, prostitution, and the slave trade in the Balkans, and the limited treatment options for drug addiction. It concludes that drug abuse was rare and primarily seen in larger cities among the upper class. The document provides a list of references and sources related to the history of opium and drug use in the Balkans, offering diverse perspectives for researchers. Additionally, it presents a memorial published in 1933 by the Society for social assistance to the mentally ill in Stenjevac, Zagreb, commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Stenjevec State Hospital for Mental Illnesses. The document provides information about the hospital's work and includes references to articles on morphinism therapy and the use of pantopon in psychiatry. [Extracted from the article]

This special issue considers the significance of film to the establishment and development of scientific approaches to the mind. Bonnie Evans explores how the origins of film technologies in 1895 in France encouraged a series of innovative collaborations, influencing both psychological theorisation, and new filming techniques. Jeremy Blatter explains how Harvard psychologist Hugo Münsterberg created early films specifically designed to engage audiences using psychological tactics. Scott Curtis' article examines how Yale psychologist Arnold Gesell was able to extract scientific data from a film. Felix Rietmann's article explores a collection of infant observation films from the 1930s and 1960s and how they developed unique narratives of mothers' engagement with their children that did not necessarily match up with dominant scientific theories. Janet Harbord's article considers how a trilogy of films made at the Maudsley Hospital in the 1950s engaged with innovative film-making techniques that captured behaviour as discrete units. Seth Watter further examines how William S. Condon's use of the unique technology of the Bell and Howell 173BD projector in the 1960s created new understandings of human behaviour that could not have been predicted in advance, and which were highly influenced by the technology itself. Finally, Des O'Rawe explores how radical approaches in both anti-psychiatry, and documentary film-making in the 1960s created new opportunities for audiences to engage with different psychological states. All of these developments in film and psychology continue to influence understandings in both these fields to the present day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review considers the state of historical studies of ancient Israel in light of the publication of two recent books on the subject. While this recent scholarship nuances and advances our understanding of the history of the southern Levant, it also reveals ongoing methodological tensions due to the field's long-running commitments to post-Enlightenment, European (especially German) approaches to the historical analysis of biblical texts. Simultaneously, these two histories point towards some productive ways in which we might move forward in the study of the history of ancient Israel. These productive potentials include reevaluating our historical methods across specialties and approaches and seeking alternative approaches to history writing that make space for fragmentation, multiplicity, and irresolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores Deleuze and Guattari's theory of revolution in light of their comments on the French Revolution and intersection with the work of Marx. I argue that Deleuze associates revolution with a reformulation of the "problems" that condition experience, something Deleuze and Guattari then complicate through their insistence that institutional practice remain subject to the unfolding of an "indeterminate" yet collective revolutionary identity. I argue that the most important aspect of their theory for contemporary political thought is its argument for the necessity of uniting disparate forms of political experimentation without introducing institutions grounded in general conceptions of the subject, and conclude by discussing the emphasis they place on overcoming the "cogito of communication," a discursive "subject in general" essential to contemporary capitalist democracies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ancient texts dedicating or commemorating temples that can be associated with archaeological remains such as architecture and inscriptions, along with identifiable kings who built or commemorated those temples and the specification of the elapsed number of years from a past event, are known from Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Levant over the span of several centuries. Although the texts originate from differing religious, cultural, and geographic contexts and were recorded on various mediums, the similarity in content, style, and objective indicates a shared tradition and allows the grouping of these texts into a distinctive category. These temple construction and dedication texts document a king or kings involved in the construction, reconstruction, or remembrance of a temple, a deity with whom the temple was connected, the location of the temple, and the specific number of years elapsed between construction or dedication and another significant cultural or religious event. Known examples come from Assyria, Babylon, Egypt, Phoenicia, and Israel, spanning the 13th to the 2nd centuries BC, along with a text from ancient Rome that was likely influenced by this practice. Because the kings named are known from various historical documents and inscriptions, archaeological remains related to the temples have often been recovered; since the construction or dedication texts record elapsed years in reference to another event, these texts can be analyzed in regard to their viability as sources for the history and chronology of the ancient Near East in the context of religion and official records of the state. Investigation of these texts alongside king lists and temples reveals that temple construction and dedication texts of the ancient Near East that included mention of elapsed years provide valuable, detailed, and accurate information that can be used to identify the existence of ancient temples in time, corroborate periods of kingship or other important events, and contribute to understanding a method of historical chronology used by the ancients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The year 2024 marks the 125th anniversary of aspirin, still one of the most frequently used drugs worldwide. Despite its veritable age, it is still relevant in pharmacotherapy and its use has spread to new areas over time. Due to aspirin's multiple pharmacological actions unified in one single molecule (i.e., analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antiviral effects), it continues to attract considerable attention in the scientific community and is subject to intense basic and clinical research. In fact, recent results confirmed aspirin's potential role as an antiviral drug and as an agent that can block harmful platelet functions in inflammatory/immunological processes. These features may open up new horizons for this ancient drug. The future of aspirin looks, therefore, bright and promising. Aspirin is not yet ready for retirement; on the contrary, its success story continues. This 125th anniversary paper will concisely review the various therapeutic uses of aspirin with a particular emphasis on the latest research results and their implications (e.g., use as an antiviral agent). In addition, the reader is provided with future perspectives for this remarkable drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his book Aion, Jung describes something like a quasi‐Hegelian progressive historical realization of the Self in a perspective similar to Fernand Braudel's longue durée history. This article deals with a similar perspective, as it tries to focus on what we may call a "cultural complex" yet within its unfolding in historical time and belonging not to just one specific cultural group, but to a large cultural basin, which we may indicate as the "West". This complex marks the birth and development of modernity. The depth, pervasiveness and duration of this cultural complex permeates the lives and psychologies of all of those that are part of it. Therefore, every analytical project must take into account the underlying emotional, epistemic and social field within which this complex constellates. One of the main features of this (trans)cultural complex, strictly connected with the progressive fragmentation of the self and the transformation of the numinosum with its meaning‐giving force, is paranoia. This article analyses the historical and cultural features that produce paranoia and fragmentation and determine paranoid symptoms and attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on Philip Endean's significant contributions to the historical study of the Society of Jesus, highlighting his critical examination of Jesuit tradition and its implications for contemporary understanding. Topics include Endean's challenge to traditional narratives of Jesuit history, his exploration of the evolving nature of Jesuit spirituality, and his emphasis on the need for a nuanced reconsideration of the Society's past.

What is the intercultural significance of jazz for the development of Chinese pop music? The main content of this dissertation is to study and discuss the period when jazz music entered China and how it affects the development of past and present Chinese pop music. In today’s society, intercultural research is ubiquitous. Since the birth of civilization, people from different disciplines and artistic fields have been trying to build cultural bridges.1 China has a long history of culture and music development. With the changes of the times, China’s music civilization has been continuously developed and changed with the replacement of various dynasties in the past. In addition, Confucius’s Confucianism has influenced the development of Chinese music and music education. The history of jazz music is not very long, but it has become an indispensable element of today’s social music culture. Perhaps it is because jazz has rich musical style features, such as improvisation and unique jazz scales. In addition, the musical content of its expression is democratic and free. The musical form of Jazz music originated in the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it is a combination of African black culture and European white culture. It is a kind of “hybrid” music form that affects the development of Chinese music with deep-rooted civilization, especially some Chinese pop music. The dissertation will study how jazz integrates Chinese music to produce Chinese pop music, as well as the intercultural influence of jazz, and how Jazz affects the pop singers of Chinese pop music. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La volonté de doter les enfants d'un carnet de santé n'est pas récente. L'histoire peut être décomposée en trois phases. Une « préhistoire » qui remonte au milieu du 19e siècle sous l'action du Dr JB Fonssagives qui imagine un outil de prévention pour renforcer les compétences des mères et leur intérêt pour la santé de leur enfant. La diffusion est faible. Il y aura ensuite de nombreuses initiatives privées et publiques. La deuxième phase sera marquée par une prise de conscience nationale aboutissant à une obligation de délivrer un carnet de santé à tous les enfants nés en France. L'obligation a coïncidé avec la création des PMI en 1945. La généralisation effective s'étalera jusqu'au milieu des années 50 avec une utilisation variable. La troisième phase ira de 1950 à la période actuelle avec 7 versions progressivement améliorées. L'apparition des examens obligatoires dans le système GAMIN (1970) marquera une étape importante. Au moment de l'idée de dématérialisation, on peut tirer de l'histoire quelques notions importantes en particulier l'idée initiale d'impliquer les parents. Le cheminement vers un outil considéré comme essentiel par les familles ne devra pas être rompu par la dématérialisation. The desire to provide children with a health record is not a recent story. Its story can be broken down into three phases. « Prehistory » dates back to the mid-19th century, when Dr. JB Fonssagives devised a preventive tool to boost mothers' skills and interest in their children's health. It was not widely used. Numerous private and public initiatives followed. The second phase was marked by national awareness, leading to the obligation to issue a health record to all children born in France. This obligation coincided with the creation of the PMI in 1945. Actual widespread use lasted until the mid-1950s, with varying degrees of use. The third phase runs from 1950 to the present day, with 7 progressively improved versions. The appearance of compulsory examinations in the GAMIN system (1970) marked an important milestone. At the time of the idea of dematerialization, we can draw some important notions from history, in particular the initial idea of involving parents. The path towards a tool considered essential by families should not be interrupted by dematerialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study seeks to understand how national chauvinism and cultural patriotism are related to xenophobic attitudes toward immigrants. It does this by examining the extent to which historical legacy, in terms of geopolitical threats and national identity, moderates this relationship. A multilevel analysis across 24 European countries combines measures of national chauvinism, cultural patriotism, and xenophobic attitudes at the individual level with historical data, the geopolitical threat scale, and the national identity longevity index at the country level. Findings demonstrate that, according to these measures, historical legacies of threats and conflicts do not have an interaction effect, but the longevity of national identity moderates the relationship between national chauvinism/cultural patriotism and xenophobic attitudes. That is, in countries with greater national identity longevity, the positive relations between national chauvinism and xenophobic attitudes are weaker, but the negative relations between cultural patriotism and xenophobic attitudes are stronger. These findings contribute to the understanding of national identity by suggesting how it is related to a nation's historical legacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper revisits the question "Who Owns Religion?", in the context of a recent analysis of debates in religious studies, marked by controversy and friction between members of religious traditions and scholars writing about those traditions. Habermas's concept of a public sphere is at the center of an analysis by Laurie Patton that uses six case studies, including one involving the Sikh tradition. The paper reviews this conceptual framing and the accompanying analysis, provides a reconsideration of the Sikh case, which pertains to the construction of religious boundaries in that tradition, and draws more general lessons, including the functioning of academia as well as the contextual appropriateness of the concept of the public sphere. It argues that "eruptions" in the public sphere can be reduced by improvements in academic knowledge production, to provide a better foundation for navigating differences in modes of reasoning, or between the religious and the secular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heart valves serve a vital hemodynamic function to ensure unidirectional blood flow. Additionally, native heart valves serve biological functions such as growth and self‐repair. Heart valve implants mimic the hemodynamic function of native heart valves, but are unable to fulfill their biological functions. We developed partial heart transplantation to deliver heart valve implants that fulfill all functions of native heart valves. This is particularly advantageous for children, who require growing heart valve implants. This invited review outlines the past, present and future of partial heart transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior research on classroom interaction has investigated how the teacher's feedback turn following students' responses can be used to transform students' turns into academic expressions during whole class discussions. Nevertheless, more empirical studies are needed to explore how teachers' translanguaging practices can play a role in shaping students' contributions into pedagogical opportunities for introducing academic terminologies in English-Medium-Instruction (EMI) classrooms. Adopting translanguaging as an analytical perspective, this study explores how an EMI history teacher deploys available linguistic and multimodal resources to connect students' responses with academic concepts and terminologies. The study draws its data from a larger linguistic ethnographic project that took place in an EMI secondary history classroom in Hong Kong. The classroom interaction data is examined using Multimodal Conversation Analysis, and this analysis is further triangulated with video-stimulated-recall-interviews that are analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. This paper argues that the EMI teacher's translanguaging practices facilitate the process of transforming student contributions into academic terminology and concepts. The process of deploying translanguaging for transforming student contributions highlights translanguaging as an important component of the teacher's classroom interactional competence for constructing new configurations of language practices and achieving specific pedagogical purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: German-speaking surgeons have left a deep imprint on the history of diagnostics and treatment of proximal femur fractures. Some of the studies published in German have fell into oblivion, others are cited until today, although sometimes quite inaccurately. The cause of such inaccuracies are citations from secondary sources due to unavailability of the original or inability to read it because of a language barrier. In the current literature, globally predominated by English articles, the "German history" of treatment of proximal femur fractures remains undervalued. The aim of the present article is to point out its contribution. Materials and methods: Literature search was performed in original publications and historical sources. Results: The German-speaking surgeons have considerably contributed to the development of the treatment of proximal femur fractures. The analyzed period between 1847 and 1970 may be divided into three basic periods. In the first period (1847–1896), the German-speaking surgeons (Langenbeck, Trendelenburg, König, Heine, Dolinger) were the first worldwide to start treating the fractures of proximal femur operatively. In the second period (1897–1935), mainly in the 1930s, the initiative in Europe was taken over by surgeons publishing studies in France and in Belgium. Overseas, American surgeons were coming to the forefront. In Germany, only Pauwels developed the first biomechanical classification of femoral neck fractures. In the third period (1936–1970), mainly in the 1940s and 1950s, implants were designed (Pohl, Künstcher), based on close collaboration between German engineers and surgeons, that served as a model for a dynamic hip screw and a proximal femoral nail, which are currently the implants of choice in the treatment of trochanteric fractures. Conclusion: The historical contribution of German-speaking surgeons to understanding the issue of proximal femur fractures and their operative treatment is far more significant than presented in the historical studies published in English. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are currently debates inside and outside intersex communities about whether to include the I in LGBTQI+. Intersex has historically been critical in arguments about the boundaries between significant ontological and epistemological categories, particularly: female and male; homosexuality and heterosexuality; and sex, gender and sexuality. There is also a long history of conflation and confusion of categories of sex, gender and sexuality. It is clear that intersex is in some way inseparable from LGBT politics. This article will present the historical case study of Georgina Somerset, a British intersex woman, focusing on 1960–1970. Somerset's story illustrates both that intersex is different and separate from issues of gender and sexuality, and that intersex is always intimately connected to LGBT issues, whether historically or in contemporary politics. I identify four contemporary tensions that can be illuminated by this history of the entanglements and tensions of LGBT and I: the difficult boundary work between intersex and trans; the association of both intersex and trans with homosexuality; the issues of distraction and instrumentalization; and the affordances and limitations of identity politics. As the "I" was there all along, the politics of recognition might help us generate different discussions of LGBTQI+ politics and responsibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To provide a brief biography of Dr Richard Greenup and to explore the legacy he has left to one of Australia's longest operating psychiatric services. Methods: This history was obtained by consulting staff working within Cumberland Hospital, New South Wales and by examining primary and secondary sources. Results: Greenup was the second surgeon superintendent of 'The Parramatta Lunatic Asylum' from 1852 until 1866 when he was fatally stabbed with a pair of scissors by a patient. Greenup was involved in establishing The University of Sydney and advocated for expanded and improved services for people diagnosed with mental disorders. Conclusions: Greenup recognised the needs of the mentally ill and sought to address similar social and demographic determinants of health to those that we face today. The challenges he faced, and his tragic end remind us of the importance of delivering patient-centred care whilst being mindful of associated risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study extends the retrospective analysis of entries for the CCCC Outstanding Dissertation Award in Technical Communication (1999–2003) by Stuart Selber in 2004, focusing on the subsequent two decades (2004 to 2022), to identify the topical research areas and methodologies in technical and professional communication (TPC) via the winning entries of the award. Through descriptive content analysis of 29 dissertations and corresponding summary statistics, this study reports on TPC disciplinary emphases and growth based on the sponsoring institutions on these dissertations, featured topics and their research methods or methodologies, and projected implications for the field. Accordingly, this study reveals the state of TPC graduate research through the lens of the imminent award and what it means for doctoral researchers, their advisors, and programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article responds to the following problem: why does Arveragus's abandonment of his wife to pursue honor go unquestioned by everyone in the Franklin's Tale, including the wife herself? Chaucer imagines a fictional past in which criticizing honor is impossible. Endeavoring to understand the impossibility, this article draws upon the work of the semiotician A. J. Greimas, which illuminates how the tale's structure forecloses anti-honor discourse. Greimas's theory of history explains how the poet could use foreclosure to simulate the distant past. But the consequences of Dorigen's response to the black rocks suggest how history can modulate from one foreclosure to another—something Greimas does not address. Unlike the tale's Brittany, late-fourteenth-century England was a realm where the negative aspects of honor were increasingly obvious. Chaucer's bracketing of anti-honor discourse might have procured some relief from contemporary anxieties, but his tale also reveals the instability of the historical closure it contrives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent economic restrictions have placed many contractual parties under great strain to honour their agreements as contracts have become commercially impracticable and excessively onerous. This article explores the legal position in England, France and the Middle East under the doctrine of impossibility, impracticability and unforeseen circumstances. Strongly rooted in contractual autonomy and commercial certainty, this article argues that frustration in English common law is not sufficiently broad because the consequence (automatic discharge) is too rigid and does not allow a renegotiation of obligations. French civil law is more accommodating but only formally adopted imprévision in civil law in 2016, meaning it lacks traction. However, Middle Eastern civil law countries accept the doctrine as an integral part of their law and theory of justice, allowing obligations to be rebalanced in a more flexible manner. The English legal system should consider the advantages of a similar reform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article contrasts the thoughts of philosopher Wilhelm Dilthey and intellectual Ham Sok Hon on homo-historicus and their understanding of history as grounded in human nature involving meaning-making/sharing and narrative-building. It compares their thoughts on life as a multidimensionality and dialogic creativity as a narrative builder and sustainer. It discusses their notions of religion and articulation of transcendence as the force of reflective mind and expressions of historical life.

While Holocaust museums have embraced social media to connect with online audiences and provide educational materials, the specifics of their use are not well understood. A Delphi study involving 22 experts developed a framework for examining Holocaust-related social media content. This framework, the result of a three-round iterative process, includes three main areas: Historical content of the Holocaust, Contemporary issues related to the Holocaust, and Museum activities and communication. The hierarchical system of categories can help users explore the vast range of online materials and help educators identify effective strategies for using social media content in Holocaust education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the educational impasse potentially posed by the confrontation between a present in crisis and a past narrated as a victorious conquest of the principles of modernity (progress, development, freedom). Posed as contemporary values to be defended rather than as contextualized ideas and choices, these principles establish the school narrative of a harmonious link between sociopolitical freedom and industrial economic growth, even if it means locking students into a present that is dysfunctional but cannot be called into question. Based on a reflection centered on the school narrative surrounding the Industrial Revolution in French high schools, this article analyzes the existence of « presentism » within the prescribed curriculum in order to shed light on the aporias of this type of history teaching in a crisis context. This critical analysis then provides an opportunity to propose some didactic avenues based on contemporary epistemological reflections and on recent historiographical developments in order to transform the fatalistic narration of the crisis into a problematization allowing us to weave echoes of intelligibility between the past, the present, and the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction traces the long history of fashion's movement across cultural, national, and political borders. After brief case studies of early twentieth-century French and Spanish styles imagining fashion as an engine of transnational amity, the introduction highlights how fashion navigates some of the most troubled borders of recent years, including the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and racial violence. Fashion forces viewers and consumers to choose sides, whether through national identification or through recognition of the long history of black and brown bodies producing fashionable objects. To advance the global history of fashion, the introduction briefly discusses the work of designers Rawan Maki (Bahrain), Laurence Leenaert (Belgium), and Kim Jones (Great Britain), examining how each upends gender, race, class, or fashion binaries, and analyzes how LVMH and Uniqlo, brands at opposite ends of the contemporary style spectrum, underline the very different ways in which fashion traverses the globe in the twenty-first century. The introduction concludes with the hope that this issue will raise questions about fashion's articulation of the relation among the local, the national, and the global, as well as about the human experience of interacting with the fashion industry in one national context while living in a globalized world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Object-based learning is at the foundation of fashion education as touch is a primary means to understanding clothing and textiles. Therefore, the utilisation of historic clothing and textile collections is vital, even in a time when more institutions are putting greater emphasis on digitisation and online engagement. This study's purpose was to assess the benefits of fashion design students physically engaging with a historic clothing and textiles collection through a series of workshops. The framework for the workshops employed experiential learning theory. Utilising a case study of two apparel design course sections, the students’ experiences with the workshops were assessed by pre- and post-reflective surveys analyzed by constant comparative analysis. The study’s findings have implications for educators in utilising historic collections to broaden students’ perspectives, enhance critical thinking skills, and encourage them to enjoy the process of learning instead of concentrating on searching for the ‘right’ answers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus is the museum development in Central Asia from 1991–2022, with the intent to identify the current trends in the development of museums, and to explore issues of museum cooperation in these countries. The main research method was historical periodization. This article includes information on the development of museums in five countries since 1991, the change of cultural policy with independence, general problems of museums, differences in the cultural policy of Central Asian countries, statistics on the number of museums, and funding issues related to museums in the region. The central thesis asserts that museums play a central role in cultural and historical conversations in Central Asia, emphasising their significance as cultural archives and vibrant hubs for education, interaction, and the development of identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Centre‐periphery relations have constituted a paradox for the English National Health Service (NHS) since its creation in 1948. Is it a top‐down national service organised locally, or a bottom‐up arrangement of local health systems managed nationally? North West England provides a regional case study which traces the changing organisational, relational and spatial dimensions of the intermediate tier. These reposition centre‐periphery tensions. In foregrounding, situating and conceptualising region in these terms, I offer new insight into existing narratives and centre‐periphery relations in the NHS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper conceptualizes the phenomenon of historizing the present, defined as emphasizing the historical significance of present events and treating the present from the perspective of history. The authors identify four modes of historizing the present (emphasizing that: (1) the present will shape history; (2) the present is a unique moment in history; (3) the present will be remembered in history; (4) the present echoes history) and demonstrate how historizing can be employed by marketers of for‐profit and nonprofit organizations in a variety of contexts. The paper examines the psychological implications of appreciating the historical significance of the present and outlines a research agenda for studying the downstream behavioral consequences of historizing the present across diverse substantive consumer domains. It concludes with an examination of the broader societal implications of historizing the present as well as its implications for consumer well‐being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Argument/Analysis Conclusions England, Australia and the United States have approached the regulation of e‐cigarettes in very different ways, yet all three countries have appealed to the concept of evidence as underpinning policy responses. We compared these policy responses using a combination of the methodologies of historians and policy scientists in order to elucidate the factors that had influenced policy in each country.Each country’s evidence and values intersected in different ways, producing very different responses within specific national contexts and histories. Our analysis accordingly emphasized the historical precursors of the policy issues raised by e‐cigarettes and placed the policy debate within the context of regulatory bodies and the networks of researchers and advocates who influenced policy. Issues also of importance were the nature of the state; political context; the pre‐history of nicotine for smoking cessation; the role of activism and its links with government; the influence of harm reduction ideas from drugs and HIV; and finally, whom policy was perceived to benefit. In the United Kingdom, based on this pre‐history of the smoking issue, it was the existing smoker, while in the United States and Australia, protecting children and adolescents has played a central role.Structural and historical factors appear to underpin differences in e‐cigarette policy development in England, Australia and the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on Derrida's and Ricoeur's theories of language and hospitality, the author takes up the problem of the hostility embedded in the discourses of welcome when it comes to migrants' experiences of border regimes and border practices. "Broken English," in this context, represents a site of conflict: a vehicular language to be avoided or overcome, a "language of refuge," even a means of forming a community. To explore language as alternative terrain to be policed or an opening to be exploited, the author considers how civil-society art projects involving immigrants and refugees might enable new civic relationships. Focusing on the Shoe Project, a storytelling and performance workshop for immigrant and refugee women, the author asks to what extent the project is about helping the stranger speak like "us" and to what extent it can open space for a different kind of immigration story from those imposed by the legal languages of immigration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article turns to Sylvia Wynter's writings to understand the ways in which the normative functioning of the Canadian university--its Likewise pedagogies--are always already grounded in the overrepresentation of (white Western) Man as synonymous with humanity such that Black and Indigenous lives are negated. It uses this analysis to understand what is at stake for Black communities in universities' institutional claims to address anti-Black racism in the post-George Floyd moment. It then turns to a meditation on the foundations upon which Otherwise pedagogies--broadly defined as the work meant to disrupt the Likewise pedagogical project of the university and its role in perpetuating the coloniality of being--might be conceived, even if only as interim measures, to pursue a vision for teaching, learning, and knowing otherwise within institutions that have characteristically resisted becoming otherwise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phrase "severely normal" was often used by Premier Ralph Klein in 1990s' Alberta to describe the Albertans he wished to interpellate, and it has had enduring power as a dog whistle by the political right in the province. Against commentators who see it as only a facile populist gesture, in this article the author deploys Foucault's lectures on "racism against the abnormal," together with Ladelle McWhorter's interpretation, to argue that there is a historical and conceptual continuity to "severely normal" that ties back to Alberta's infamous eugenic history. Articulating this genealogy enables the connection of political struggles on the part of sexual minorities, disabled people, members of non-normative families, and Indigenous people and illuminates the biopolitical rhetoric of successive Conservative governments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper presents a comprehensive historical analysis of long-acting antipsychotic medications (LAI) tracing their evolution from the early days of oral formulations to the current landscape of sustained-release injectables. The study aims to provide insight into the chronological development, milestones, and paradigm shifts that have shaped the trajectory of LAIs in the treatment of psychotic disorders. The exploration commences with an examination of the pioneering efforts that led to the conceptualization of psychiatric medication, shedding light on the initial challenges faced in achieving therapeutic efficacy with sustained drug delivery. Through an in-depth historical lens, the paper highlights pivotal moments in the development of LAIs, including the advent of depot formulations and the subsequent refinement of pharmacokinetic properties for optimal symptom control. The analysis unfolds by delineating key milestones in the timeline of LAIs, incorporating landmark studies, regulatory approvals, and technological innovations that have influenced their adoption in psychiatric practice. A focus is placed on the societal and clinical impact of LAIs, emphasizing their role in addressing treatment non-adherence and reducing the burden of relapse. Furthermore, the paper explores the paradigmatic shift in the perception of LAIs, moving from skepticism to widespread acceptance within the psychiatric community. The historical context is used to illuminate the socio-cultural factors that have influenced the utilization of LAIs, including changing attitudes toward mental health treatment, patient empowerment, and evolving healthcare policies. In conclusion, this historical analysis provides a nuanced understanding of the journey of LAIs, underscoring their transformation from experimental formulations to indispensable tools in the contemporary psychiatric armamentarium. By tracing the historical tapestry of LAIs, this research contributes to a deeper appreciation of their evolution, offering valuable insights for clinicians, researchers, and policymakers engaged in the ongoing discourse on the role of long-acting antipsychotic medications in the holistic management of psychotic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chiari malformations (CM) refer to a series of anomalies characterized by the descent of cerebellar tonsils into the cervical spinal canal. These malformations can be associated with abnormalities such as syringomyelia, hydrocephalus, spina bifida, and scoliosis. Additionally, cranio-cervical junction anomalies, endocrinopathies, craniosynostosis, and syndromic disorders are also linked to CM. The treatment of CM is surgical, and there is no known medical therapy. Patients diagnosed with CM are typically advised to undergo surgical treatment or follow-up. Although surgical intervention is supported in the literature, debates exist regarding which procedure is most suitable and when surgery should be performed. In this article, we will examine the historical background of CM, its anatomical forms, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, relationship with other diseases, and diagnostic procedures in the light of the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature on inclusive research has established its relationship with self-advocacy for people with intellectual disabilities. Self-advocacy has been described as both a requirement and a result of inclusive research. Additionally, the process of becoming an inclusive researcher can be seen as self-advocacy for people with intellectual disabilities. As inclusive research continues to become more prominent, and more people with intellectual disabilities become inclusive researchers, we need to continue to consider this fundamental relationship and how self-advocacy and inclusive research can inform and support each other. In this paper, we first discuss the history of self-advocacy and inclusive research and what inclusive researchers have shared about the relationship between self-advocacy and inclusive research. We then present the experiences of an inclusive researcher with intellectual disability with self-advocacy and how the process of becoming an inclusive researcher impacted those experiences. We conclude the paper with reflections on how future inclusive research should consider the role of self-advocacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

History helps society understand its past and its influence on the present and future. South Africa is a country with a unique history, comprising of varying accounts from the different people that make up its 'rainbow' nation. In 2018, South Africa's Department of Basic Education; announced that history would be a compulsory subject for learners from Grades 10–12 starting from 2023. Changes would include a revised curriculum, teacher training and other issues. Expectedly archives would also be factored into this transformation process, as they are integral to history. Therefore, this study investigated the involvement and readiness of archivists in South African public archival repositories to support this development. Nineteen (19) archivists from the National Archives and Records Service of South Africa and the nine (9) Provincial Archives participated in an online survey. The findings indicate that there was minimal involvement of archivists. Nevertheless, the archivists were confident that they had the content and skills, to some extent, to support the revised curriculum. The study recommends that archivists be more proactive in raising awareness about the archives and linking various stakeholders, such as the Department of Basic Education, with these valuable records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a follow-up to the research conducted in 2021 titled James Anta: missionary, martyr, and the unsung hero of the Wesleyan Methodist Church in Zimbabwe. The paper was a reconstruction of Anta's life, ministry, and martyrdom. The research found out that although the blood of Anta was the seed of Methodism in Zimbabwe, the church was reluctant to honour him. The research also noted that the Wesleyan Methodist church created a biased history of African cultural epistemology, which has no place for people who die young and unmarried. The paper concluded with a call for the Wesleyan Methodist church to rewrite its historiography, giving space to its martyrs like Anta. After reading the 2021 publication, the Wesleyan Methodist church leadership made urgent actions towards the re-historicization of Methodism in Zimbabwe with Harare West District dubbing its April 2022 Synod as James Anta Synod. The Synod further resolved to name the school they were intending to build after Anta. Moreover, Kadoma District agreed to rename Banket Circuit (where Anta was assassinated) as James Anta Circuit. The Wesleyan Methodist church further erected a monument of Anta and made the site a pilgrimage shrine. The fast responses by the church to honour Anta in 2022 justify their zeal to rewrite their history after 136 years of reluctancy. This paper used both primary and secondary sources to gather data. The paper concludes by challenging missionary churches to honour African agents whose history and sacrifice were seldomly considered and yet they were the key people in the Christianisation of Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palestinian filmmakers are largely dependent on foreign funding for production and on foreign festivals for publicity. Making a Palestinian film can seem as "impossible" as remaining Palestinian amid fragmenting effects of occupation/war and peace accords. Against such pressures, Palestinian filmmaker Annemarie Jacir tells stories with protagonists, who, for foreign funders, can seem like "unruly subjects" for remaining Palestinian. As a consequence, her films themselves can seem like "unruly subjects" to industry film critics. Her films like twenty impossibles (ka'inana ashrun mustaheel, 2003), Salt of This Sea (Milh Hadha al-Bahr, 2008), When I Saw You (Lamma Shoftak, 2012), and Wajib (2017) tell stories about Palestinians debating each other (rather than Israelis via US negotiators) during key moments in Palestinian history, including the Nakba (1948), the Naksa (1967), the Oslo Accords (1993), and Al-Aqsa or second Intifada (2000–05). Jacir's protagonists refuse the limiting choices on offer. They demand to be recognized as Palestinian, as does Jacir as a Palestinian filmmaker against the efforts of Western industry critics, festivals, and funders to label her as an "Arab woman filmmaker," often carrying colonial assumptions of "oppressed" or "exceptional" women throughout Southwest Asia ("the Middle East"). Her films do more than offer a glimpse of everyday life to "humanize" Palestinians; they are "unruly subjects" that unsettle assumptions to reframe the debates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heritage science is an established and thriving field of enquiry. Initially considered as inherently cross-disciplinary, encompassing both the needs of conservators and practitioners and the high-quality evidence produced by scientists, heritage science has, through its expansion in recent years, formed a discipline in its own right. Here, we examine how heritage science can, and to an extent has, moved beyond the straightforward scientific analysis of historical materials and artefacts through an exploration of heritage science's interactions with four key themes: (i) historical and archival research, (ii) conservation practice, (iii) policy at governmental, organisational and institutional levels, and (iv) a view to how new technologies, such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, can shape the future of heritage science. Much of the review narrative is framed via the analysis of UK-based case studies; however, they deal with issues that are international in nature (universal) and therefore transcend the UK context. Taken together, we demonstrate that heritage science as a discipline is capable of directly instigating or (re-)framing new areas or avenues of research, as well as enhancing and feeding into existing research questions, and has adapted and evolved along with emerging technologies and funding opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]