5,568 results on '"HEMLATA"'
Search Results
52. Anesthetic considerations in pediatric renal autotransplantation
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Hemlata Kapoor, Milin Shah, and Mohan K. Terdal
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Renal ,Autografts ,Anesthesia ,Hypertension ,Cardiomyopathies ,Transplantation ,Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 ,Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,RC86-88.9 - Abstract
Abstract Background Renal autotransplantation is a complex procedure involving reimplantation of the renal artery and vein at a different site. Anesthetic management of renal autotransplant is challenging because of associated morbidities and intraoperative hemodynamic changes. Case presentation We present a case of a 14-month-old male who had severe hypertension and cardiomyopathy due to renal artery stenosis. Echocardiography reported dilated left atrium and left ventricle, moderate to severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 30%. The renal artery and renal vein were anastamosed to the great vessels. Anesthetic management included maintaining normal baseline diastolic pressure, systemic vascular resistance, and preload and avoiding tachycardia. Milrinone infusion was used. Conclusions Anesthetic management was challenging as adequate perfusion pressures had to be maintained while keeping the patient hemodynamically stable.
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- 2022
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53. Determination of the stature and gender by using hand dimensions
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Hemlata Mohite, Sandeep Mohite, Priya Roy, and Megha Doshi
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hand dimensions ,forensic anthropometry ,stature ,gender ,indian population ,Technology ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 ,Science ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
In the field of forensic anthropometry, determining stature and gender is a crucial chapter. The aim of the study was to identify the significant role of all variables on the hand in determining the identity of gender and stature. A total of 568 medical students, who were born and raised in various regions of India and were from the age of 18 to 25 years, were chosen for a descriptive cross-sectional study. The length, maximum and minimum circumferences, thickness, and breadth of both hands were measured using a digital vernier calliper and a cotton thread. The results were predicted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 20) computer software. To varying degrees, both hand parameters have a significant relationship with stature and gender. Statistical formulas were used to determine stature and gender. Forensic scientists and crime scene experts will benefit greatly from the results of this investigation.
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- 2022
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54. Comparative frequency distribution of glutathione S-transferase mu (GSTM1) and theta (GSTT1) allelic forms in Himachal Pradesh population
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Hemlata, Jagphool Singh, Anuradha Bhardwaj, Anil Kumar, Gulab Singh, Kanu Priya, and Shiv Kumar Giri
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GSTM1 ,GSTT1 ,Polymerase chain reaction ,Polymorphism ,Genotype ,Allele ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Background Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a class of important Phase II detoxification enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of glutathione and xenobiotic compounds (environmental carcinogens, pollutants and drugs) to protect against oxidative stress. GSTT1 and GSTM1 genetic polymorphisms have been extensively studied, and null genotypes or homozygous deletions have been reported in various populations. Previous studies have suggested that those who are homozygous null at the GSTM1 or GSTT1 loci are more susceptible and have a higher risk of cancers linked to environmental pollutants and drug-induced toxicity. Our study focused on GSTM1 and GSTT1 null allele frequency in the Doon population of Himachal Pradesh (India) with a comparison across other Inter and Intra-Indian ethnic groups to predict variation in the possible susceptible status. Material and methods Genomic DNA samples were extracted from 297 healthy unrelated individuals by a ReliaPrep™ Blood gDNA Miniprep kit (Promega, USA), and genotyped for allelic variation in GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Fisher's exact test was applied using SPSS.20 to analyze the genotypic distribution of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null alleles in male and female of Doon region (Solan) Himachal Pradesh. Results In our study, the frequency distribution of the homozygous null genotypes of GSTM1, GSTT1 individually as well as combined was found as 33.3%, 32% and 9%, respectively. Upon gender-wise comparison, a non-significant distribution (p > 0.05) for null genotypes of GSTM1 (32.8% and 35.4%, OR-0.77, 95% CI 0.42–1.41), GSTT1 (33.2% and 27.7%, OR-1.12, 95% CI 0.63–2.0) individually and combined GSTM1 and GSTT1 (10.8% and 3.7%, OR-0.31, 95% CI 0.07–1.42) were observed in studied population. Conclusions In our studied population, the frequency of GSTM1 null genotypes was found deviated from Inter- and Intra-Indian ethnic groups. However, the frequency of homozygous null type of GSTT1 was not significantly different, when compared to previous Indian studies, comparison with global ethnic groups showed deviation. Thus, our study has highlighted possible susceptibility risk to various xenobiotics in the Doon population of Himachal Pradesh, India.
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- 2022
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55. Study of milk production genes and their association with production traits in Rathi cattle
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HEMLATA CHOUHAN, URMILA PANNU, RAJEEV KUMAR JOSHI, and MANJU NEHARA
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Genotype ,Lactation length ,PCR ,Peak yield ,Polymorphism ,SSCP ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
The study aimed to identify polymorphism of LEP, and STAT5A milk-producing genes and their association with production traits in Rathi cattle. An overall 160 animals were selected from a population of Rathi cattle from Livestock Research Station, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animals Sciences, Bikaner (Rajasthan). The phenotypic information on total milk yield, peak yield and lactation length were recorded from the years 2012- 2018. Each animal’s milk sample (100 ml) was analysed for milk composition parameters. Genomic DNA was extracted from the whole blood sample through the spin column method and association analysis was done. The polymorphism have been observed in exon-3 (454 bp) of LEP gene, intron 9-10 (224 bp) and intron-15-exon-16 (379 bp) of STAT5A genes by PCR-SSCP and revealed two types of genotypic pattern. The STAT5A exon-7 (215 bp) also showed polymorphism with three genotypic patterns. The AB pattern of LEP exon-3 and AA pattern of intron 9-10 and intron-15-exon-16 of STAT5A genes showed a significant effect on total milk yield. The BB genotypic pattern of the STAT5A exon-7 gene showed a significant impact on peak yield. The AB pattern of LEP and STAT5A genes were associated with more milk fat % in the studied population of Rathi cattle. All these genes showed a significant effect on total solids. The association analysis of LEP and STAT5A genes with different milk production and milk composition traits illustrated the worth of these genes for marker-assisted selection of dairy cattle. Thus, the present study was designed to unmask the relevant genetic factors responsible for variation in milk performance traits.
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- 2023
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56. Does gravity work in the context of India and ASEAN bilateral trade? An application of the FGLS method
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Saba GULNAZ and Hemlata MANGLANI
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india ,asean ,gravity model ,fgls ,trade potential ,Business ,HF5001-6182 ,Economic theory. Demography ,HB1-3840 ,Economics as a science ,HB71-74 - Abstract
The proliferation of regional trade agreements after the article of GATT encouraged India to announce its Look East Policy in 1991 that aimed to strengthen India’s trade relations with ASEAN nations, followed by the signing of the India-ASEAN FTA in 2009. Since then, the trade relations between India- ASEAN have increased manifold. The proposed study aims at exploring the determinants of bilateral trade flows between India and ten ASEAN nations under gravity model analysis framework for a period of 32 years ranging from 1988-2019. The FGLS estimation methodology has been employed for estimating bilateral trade. The results of the augmented gravity model exhibit that bilateral trade is positively affected by GDP, population, TR/GDP ratio, bilateral real exchange rate. In contrast, transaction costs, tariff rates, common border, and common official languages significantly negatively impact bilateral trade flows. Further trade potential has been calculated as a difference between predicted trade and actual trade. The results indicate a substantial untapped trade potential between India and ASEAN countries except for Brunei and Cambodia, where trade has already reached its maximum potential.
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- 2022
57. Application of radiotracer technique in remediation of Zn(II) from aqueous solutions by dry cowdung powder
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Sabrina Afzal Shaikh and Hemlata Kapil Bagla
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Zinc ,Eco-friendly ,Biosorption ,Green chemistry ,Nuclear engineering. Atomic power ,TK9001-9401 - Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is caused due to anthropogenic activities and is considered as a serious environmental problem which endangers human health and environment. The present study deals with biosorption, an eco-friendly technique for the removal of heavy metal Zn(II) from aqueous medium. Various natural materials have been explored for the uptake of metal ions, where most of them are physically or chemically enhanced. Dry cowdung powder (DCP) has been utilized as a low-cost, environmentally friendly humiresin without any pre-treatment, thus demonstrating the concept of Green Chemistry. Batch biosorption studies using 65Zn(II) tracer were performed and the impact of different experimental parameters was studied. Results revealed that at pH 6, 94 ± 2% of Zn(II) was effectively biosorbed in 5 min, at 303 K. The process was spontaneous and exothermic, following pseudo-second-order reaction. The mechanism of heavy metal biosorption employing green adsorbent was therefore elucidated in order to determine the optimal method for removing Zn(II) ions. DCP has a lot of potential in the wastewater treatment industry, as seen by its ability to meet 3A's affordability, adaptability, and acceptability criteria. As a result, DCP emerges as one of the most promising challengers for green chemistry and the zero-waste idea.
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- 2022
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58. Community-Based Matrix Factorization (CBMF) Approach for Enhancing Quality of Recommendations
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Srilatha Tokala, Murali Krishna Enduri, T. Jaya Lakshmi, and Hemlata Sharma
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matrix factorization ,recommender system ,community detection ,rating network ,RMSE ,Science ,Astrophysics ,QB460-466 ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Matrix factorization is a long-established method employed for analyzing and extracting valuable insight recommendations from complex networks containing user ratings. The execution time and computational resources demanded by these algorithms pose limitations when confronted with large datasets. Community detection algorithms play a crucial role in identifying groups and communities within intricate networks. To overcome the challenge of extensive computing resources with matrix factorization techniques, we present a novel framework that utilizes the inherent community information of the rating network. Our proposed approach, named Community-Based Matrix Factorization (CBMF), has the following steps: (1) Model the rating network as a complex bipartite network. (2) Divide the network into communities. (3) Extract the rating matrices pertaining only to those communities and apply MF on these matrices in parallel. (4) Merge the predicted rating matrices belonging to communities and evaluate the root mean square error (RMSE). In our experimentation, we use basic MF, SVD++, and FANMF for matrix factorization, and the Louvain algorithm is used for community division. The experimental evaluation on six datasets shows that the proposed CBMF enhances the quality of recommendations in each case. In the MovieLens 100K dataset, RMSE has been reduced to 0.21 from 1.26 using SVD++ by dividing the network into 25 communities. A similar reduction in RMSE is observed for the datasets of FilmTrust, Jester, Wikilens, Good Books, and Cell Phone.
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- 2023
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59. Biphasic activation of β-arrestin 1 upon interaction with a GPCR revealed by methyl-TROSY NMR
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Yutaro Shiraishi, Yutaka Kofuku, Takumi Ueda, Shubhi Pandey, Hemlata Dwivedi-Agnihotri, Arun K. Shukla, and Ichio Shimada
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Science - Abstract
β-arrestins commonly bind to two distinct elements in GPCRs: the phosphorylated carboxyl terminal tail (C tail) and the cytoplasmic face of the transmembrane region (TM core). Here, the authors use methyl-TROSY NMR measurements to characterise the interactions between β-arrestin 1 (βarr1) and a GPCR and observe that C tail-mediated interaction with a GPCR alone induces the partial activation of βarr1, whereas the TM core- and C tail-mediated interactions together stabilize the activated conformation of βarr1.
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- 2021
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60. In silico screening and molecular docking study of compounds from Pedalium murex L. with Vasopressin2 receptor target for Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
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Gobind Ram, Anil Kumar, Hemlata, Gulab Singh, and Shiv Kumar Giri
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Polycystic kidney disease ,Drug likeness ,Binding affinity ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Background Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is frequently inherited disease. The medicinal plant Pedalium murex (P. murex) Linn, that has anti-inflammatory, antiurolithiatic, and diuretic properties, has a greater tendency to cure urinary defects. P. Murex compounds have been studied in order to find an effective treatment against the Vasopressin 2 receptor (V2R), which is a target for ADPKD. The compound structures were designed using ChemSketch software, which was then optimised for the exploration of pharmacokinetic properties. Finally, AutoDock VINA programme was used to execute molecular docking, and the findings were analysed and visualised in Discovery studio visualizer. Results Virtual screening using PyRx software finds seven compounds from P. murex with binding affinities ranging from − 8.6 to − 5.8 kcal/mol, which will be used for further pharmacological characteristics study. Luteolin has a higher druglikeness and an overall drug score of 0.84, indicating as a most suitable compound. Furthermore, luteolin docking and bonding study reveals improved receptor (V2R) H-bonding with Phe105(2.26 and 2.96), Gln119(2.78), and any Lys116(2.16). Conclusions Based on affinity score, screening of various compounds from P. murex against the V2R target for the ADPKD showed that the phytocompound luteolin has superior pharmacological characteristics and bonding. Luteolin from P. murex can be used as a possible therapeutic candidate after rigorous in silico investigation. Graphic abstract
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- 2021
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61. The Unmet Needs in the Management of Vulvar Cancer and a Review of Indian Literature
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Satinder Kaur, Hemlata Garg, and Megha Nandwani
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
PURPOSEThis study was undertaken to analyze our cohort of patients with vulvar cancer, the factors affecting their survival, and to review published Indian literature.MATERIALS AND METHODSA prospectively maintained database of 18 patients with vulvar cancer who were amenable to up-front surgery and treated between 2013 and 2021 was analyzed. Patients were studied and evaluated for clinicopathological features, risk factors, stage of disease, surgical modalities, and disease outcome. This study critiques the 16 studies identified in the English literature relating to vulvar carcinoma from 1996 to 2021 from India.RESULTSThe mean age of our patients was 63.7 years. All 18 patients underwent up-front radical surgery with primary closure. Postoperative histology was squamous cell carcinoma with negative margins in all and lymph-vascular space involvement negative in 17 of 18 patients. Of the 10 patients who underwent inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy, four patients had positive lymph nodes. The estimated mean survival was 61.6 months. We reviewed the Indian literature for over 25 years. As the majority of patients presented with a locally advanced stage of the disease, the primary mode of treatment was chemoradiotherapy. Lymph node positivity and lack of appropriate management at relapse increased the risk of poor survival.CONCLUSIONThis review clearly emphasizes the unmet need for more prospective multicentric trials not only to increase our understanding about the disease but also to define better treatment protocols for various stages of the disease, thereby improving disease-free and overall survival.
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- 2022
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62. Gestational weight gain in the REVAMP pregnancy cohort in Western India: Comparison with international and national references
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Kamini Dangat, Sanjay Gupte, Girija Wagh, Sanjay Lalwani, Karuna Randhir, Shweta Madiwale, Hemlata Pisal, Vrushali Kadam, Shridevi Gundu, Nomita Chandhiok, Bharati Kulkarni, Sadhana Joshi, Caroline Fall, and Harshpal Singh Sachdev
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body mass index ,gestational weight gain ,pregnancy ,weight gain ,weight gain curves ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
ObjectiveTo determine the trimester specific gestational weight gain (GWG) in a population of pregnant women from Western India and compare it with the Intergrowth–21st international and an Indian reference (GARBH–Ini cohort—Group for Advanced Research on BirtH outcomes).Study designA prospective longitudinal observational study was undertaken in Pune, West India and data for gestational weight gain was collected [the REVAMP study (Research Exploring Various Aspects and Mechanisms in Preeclampsia)]. Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape method (GAMLSS model) were used to create GWG centile curves according to gestational age, stratified by BMI at recruitment (n = 640) and compared with Intergrowth-21st reference and GARBH–Ini cohort. Multivariable regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between GWG and antenatal risk factors.ResultsThe median GWG was 1.68, 5.80, 7.06, and 11.56 kg at gestational ages 18, 26, 30, and 40 weeks, respectively. In our study, pregnant women gained less weight throughout pregnancy compared to Intergrowth-21st study, but more weight compared to the GARBH–Ini cohort centile curves in all the BMI categories. GWG in overweight/obese women (BMI ≥ 25) was significantly lower (
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- 2022
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63. Bacterial Extracellular Polymers: A Review
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Hemlata Sharma, Jyoti Pal, and Deepesh Kumar Neelam
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exopolysaccharides ,biosynthesis ,genetic engineering ,industrial applications ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Prokaryotic microbial cells especially bacteria are highly emphases for their exopolysaccharides (EPS) production. EPS are the higher molecular weight natural extracellular compounds observe at the surface of the bacterial cells. Nowadays bacterial EPS represent rapidly emerging as new and industrially important biomaterials because it having tremendous physical and chemical properties with novel functionality. Due to its industrial demand as well as research studies the different extraction processes have been discovered to remove the EPS from the microbial biofilm. The novelties of EPS are also based on the microbial habitat conditions such as higher temperature, lower temperature, acidic, alkaliphilic, saline, etc. Based on its chemical structure they can be homopolysaccharide or heteropolysaccharide. EPSs have a wide range of applications in various industries such as food, textile, pharmaceutical, heavy metal recovery, agriculture, etc. So, this review focus on the understanding of the structure, different extraction processes, biosynthesis and genetic engineering of EPS as well as their desirable biotechnological applications.
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- 2021
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64. Novel corona virus (COVID-19); Global efforts and effective investigational medicines: A review
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Madhusudan Goyal, Nisha Tewatia, Hemlata Vashisht, Reena Jain, and Sudershan Kumar
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COVID-19 ,Pandemic ,Drug discovery ,Vaccine ,Clinical trial ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), associated with the outbreak of deadly virus originating in Wuhan, China, is now a global health emergency and a matter of serious concern. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is rapidly spreading worldwide, and WHO declared the outbreak of this disease a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Though some of the countries have succeeded in slowing down the rate of the spread of this pandemic, most the countries across the globe are still continuing to experience an increasing trend in the growth and spread of this deadly disease. Hence, in the current scenario, is has now become essential to control and finally irradicate this deadly disease using an effective vaccine. One can expect the prominent role of already available antivirals, antibodies and anti-inflammatory drugs in the market, in this pandemic. Immunomodulatory and biological therapeutics are also in the high expectations to combat COVID-19. RNA based vaccines might be more advantageous over traditional vaccines, to deal with the pandemic threat. Aiming towards this direction, clinical trials for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine are currently underway all across the globe. Currently, about 150 health related organizations and research labs are in the progress for the evolution of COVID-19 vaccines, globally. The initial aim of these clinical trials is to assess vaccine’s safety, which is tested in Phase I/II/III studies where the primary outcomes typically examine the frequency of adverse effects. The vaccine is about to undergo phase III testing in several countries such as India, USA, South Africa, Brazil and England. US Government, under Operation Wrap Speed is even ready to sponsor three candidates, namely-The University of Oxford and AstraZeneca’s AZD1222; Moderna’s mRNA-1273; and Pfizer and BioNTech’s BNT162 for Phase III trials.
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- 2021
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65. Metaplastic Carcinoma of Breast: A Rare Pathological Entity- A Study of 10 Cases from Tertiary Care Centre in Northern India
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Monika B Gathwal, Chiranjeev Kumar Gathwal, Ruchi Agarwal, Swaran Kaur Saluja, Kulwant Singh, Deepti Agarwal, Parveen Rana, and Hemlata Kamra
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carcinosarcoma ,mastectomy ,neoplasm ,osteosarcoma ,rhabdomyosarcoma ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Metaplastic Carcinoma of Breast (MCB) is a rare heterogeneous neoplasm characterised by a mixture of adenocarcinoma with dominant areas of spindle cells, squamous and other mesenchymal differentiation. The reported incidence is 0.2% of all breast cancers. Aim: To study the clinicopathological presentation, pathologic features and differential diagnosis of MB. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study included 10 cases of MCB who underwent mastectomy and biopsies at BPS GMC Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana, India from March 2013 to February 2020. Data were analysed by Microsoft Office Excel Datasheet 2019. Results: Out of 10 cases, five cases were MCB Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) type, four cases were MCB with mesenchymal differentiation and one case showed rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation. The right breast was involved in nine cases. The mean size of tumour was 8 cm with range of 3 to 16 cm. Five patients were treated by modified radical mastectomy and axillary dissection, four patients had lumpectomy and one patient underwent mastectomy. Half of the patients were below 40 years with the mean age being 36.8 years and range of 21-60 years. On Immunohistochemistry (IHC), 90% (9/10) cases were triple negative. Conclusion: The MCB, although rare has to be diagnosed and excised at the earliest as the prognosis is predicted to be worse similar to other triple negative breast carcinomas. Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) at the tumour periphery and co-expression of vimentin and cytokeratin would help to clinch the diagnosis in difficult situations.
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- 2021
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66. Sentiment Informed Sentence BERT-Ensemble Algorithm for Depression Detection
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Ogunleye, Bayode, Sharma, Hemlata, and Shobayo, Olamilekan
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Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Mathematics - Statistics Theory ,Statistics - Applications ,H.3.3 - Abstract
The World Health Organisation (WHO) revealed approximately 280 million people in the world suffer from depression. Yet, existing studies on early-stage depression detection using machine learning (ML) techniques are limited. Prior studies have applied a single stand-alone algorithm, which is unable to deal with data complexities, prone to overfitting, and limited in generalization. To this end, our paper examined the performance of several ML algorithms for early-stage depression detection using two benchmark social media datasets (D1 and D2). More specifically, we incorporated sentiment indicators to improve our model performance. Our experimental results showed that sentence bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (SBERT) numerical vectors fitted into the stacking ensemble model achieved comparable F1 scores of 69% in the dataset (D1) and 76% in the dataset (D2). Our findings suggest that utilizing sentiment indicators as an additional feature for depression detection yields an improved model performance, and thus, we recommend the development of a depressive term corpus for future work.
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- 2024
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67. ASVspoof 5: Crowdsourced Speech Data, Deepfakes, and Adversarial Attacks at Scale
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Wang, Xin, Delgado, Hector, Tak, Hemlata, Jung, Jee-weon, Shim, Hye-jin, Todisco, Massimiliano, Kukanov, Ivan, Liu, Xuechen, Sahidullah, Md, Kinnunen, Tomi, Evans, Nicholas, Lee, Kong Aik, and Yamagishi, Junichi
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Sound - Abstract
ASVspoof 5 is the fifth edition in a series of challenges that promote the study of speech spoofing and deepfake attacks, and the design of detection solutions. Compared to previous challenges, the ASVspoof 5 database is built from crowdsourced data collected from a vastly greater number of speakers in diverse acoustic conditions. Attacks, also crowdsourced, are generated and tested using surrogate detection models, while adversarial attacks are incorporated for the first time. New metrics support the evaluation of spoofing-robust automatic speaker verification (SASV) as well as stand-alone detection solutions, i.e., countermeasures without ASV. We describe the two challenge tracks, the new database, the evaluation metrics, baselines, and the evaluation platform, and present a summary of the results. Attacks significantly compromise the baseline systems, while submissions bring substantial improvements., Comment: 8 pages, ASVspoof 5 Workshop (Interspeech2024 Satellite)
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- 2024
68. Source Tracing of Audio Deepfake Systems
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Klein, Nicholas, Chen, Tianxiang, Tak, Hemlata, Casal, Ricardo, and Khoury, Elie
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing ,Computer Science - Sound - Abstract
Recent progress in generative AI technology has made audio deepfakes remarkably more realistic. While current research on anti-spoofing systems primarily focuses on assessing whether a given audio sample is fake or genuine, there has been limited attention on discerning the specific techniques to create the audio deepfakes. Algorithms commonly used in audio deepfake generation, like text-to-speech (TTS) and voice conversion (VC), undergo distinct stages including input processing, acoustic modeling, and waveform generation. In this work, we introduce a system designed to classify various spoofing attributes, capturing the distinctive features of individual modules throughout the entire generation pipeline. We evaluate our system on two datasets: the ASVspoof 2019 Logical Access and the Multi-Language Audio Anti-Spoofing Dataset (MLAAD). Results from both experiments demonstrate the robustness of the system to identify the different spoofing attributes of deepfake generation systems., Comment: Accepted by INTERSPEECH 2024
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- 2024
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69. Batch adsorption and desorption investigations of Cs(I) and Sr(II) from simulated reactor waste by humic acid
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Asma N. Khan and Hemlata K. Bagla
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Adsorption ,Radioactive waste ,Humic acid ,Cesium ,Strontium ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Background: This work focused on cost-effective and collective adsorption of radionuclides followed by their subsequent selective desorption, which is necessary for separation. The potential of humic acid, a low-cost adsorbent, for the removal and recovery of Cs(I) and Sr(II) from simulated reactor waste, was investigated Basic Procedures: Experimental parameters like solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature were optimized. FT-IR of humic acid before and after adsorption was compared. Selective desorption of both the radionuclides was achieved with desorbing agents – citric acid and HCl Main findings: The process was governed by rapid kinetics where 91±2% of Cs(I) and 83±2% of Sr(II) was adsorbed within 10 min. Data modelling revealed that the process follows pseudo-second-order kinetics, and is spontaneous, feasible, and exothermic, with positive entropy indicating a high affinity of humic acid for the metallic ions. Maximum desorption of 97±2% was obtained for Sr(II), and 82±2% for Cs(I) Principal Conclusion: Thus, the adsorption of investigated radionuclides by humic acid and their desorption was time-efficient, economical and environmentally a benign alternative for the removal and recovery of Cs(I) and Sr(II).
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- 2022
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70. Implications of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and Betaine in Human Health: Beyond Being Osmoprotective Compounds
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Ashal Ilyas, Yasanandana Supunsiri Wijayasinghe, Ilyas Khan, Nourhan M. El Samaloty, Mohd Adnan, Tanveer Ali Dar, Nitesh Kumar Poddar, Laishram R. Singh, Hemlata Sharma, and Shahanavaj Khan
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osmolytes ,chemical chaperones ,TMAO ,betaine ,choline ,cardiovascular disease ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Osmolytes are naturally occurring small molecular weight organic molecules, which are accumulated in large amounts in all life forms to maintain the stability of cellular proteins and hence preserve their functions during adverse environmental conditions. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and N,N,N-trimethylglycine (betaine) are methylamine osmolytes that have been extensively studied for their diverse roles in humans and have demonstrated opposing relations with human health. These osmolytes are obtained from food and synthesized endogenously using dietary constituents like choline and carnitine. Especially, gut microbiota plays a vital role in TMAO synthesis and contributes significantly to plasma TMAO levels. The elevated plasma TMAO has been reported to be correlated with the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases, including cardiovascular disease, heart failure, kidney diseases, metabolic syndrome, etc.; Hence, TMAO has been recognized as a novel biomarker for the detection/prediction of several human diseases. In contrast, betaine acts as a methyl donor in one-carbon metabolism, maintains cellular S-adenosylmethionine levels, and protects the cells from the harmful effects of increased plasma homocysteine. Betaine also demonstrates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and has a promising therapeutic value in several human diseases, including homocystinuria and fatty liver disease. The present review examines the multifarious functions of TMAO and betaine with possible molecular mechanisms towards a better understanding of their emerging and diverging functions with probable implications in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human diseases.
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- 2022
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71. Student Attitudes Contribute to the Effectiveness of a Genomics CURE
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David Lopatto, Anne G. Rosenwald, Rebecca C. Burgess, Catherine Silver Key, Melanie Van Stry, Matthew Wawersik, Justin R. DiAngelo, Amy T. Hark, Matthew Skerritt, Anna K. Allen, Consuelo Alvarez, Sara Anderson, Cindy Arrigo, Andrew Arsham, Daron Barnard, James E. J. Bedard, Indrani Bose, John M. Braverman, Martin G. Burg, Paula Croonquist, Chunguang Du, Sondra Dubowsky, Heather Eisler, Matthew A. Escobar, Michael Foulk, Thomas Giarla, Rivka L. Glaser, Anya L. Goodman, Yuying Gosser, Adam Haberman, Charles Hauser, Shan Hays, Carina E. Howell, Jennifer Jemc, Christopher J. Jones, Lisa Kadlec, Jacob D. Kagey, Kimberly L. Keller, Jennifer Kennell, Adam J. Kleinschmit, Melissa Kleinschmit, Nighat P. Kokan, Olga Ruiz Kopp, Meg M. Laakso, Judith Leatherman, Lindsey J. Long, Mollie Manier, Juan C. Martinez-Cruzado, Luis F. Matos, Amie Jo McClellan, Gerard McNeil, Evan Merkhofer, Vida Mingo, Hemlata Mistry, Elizabeth Mitchell, Nathan T. Mortimer, Jennifer Leigh Myka, Alexis Nagengast, Paul Overvoorde, Don Paetkau, Leocadia Paliulis, Susan Parrish, Stephanie Toering Peters, Mary Lai Preuss, James V. Price, Nicholas A. Pullen, Catherine Reinke, Dennis Revie, Srebrenka Robic, Jennifer A. Roecklein-Canfield, Michael R. Rubin, Takrima Sadikot, Jamie Siders Sanford, Maria Santisteban, Kenneth Saville, Stephanie Schroeder, Christopher D. Shaffer, Karim A. Sharif, Diane E. Sklensky, Chiyedza Small, Sheryl Smith, Rebecca Spokony, Aparna Sreenivasan, Joyce Stamm, Rachel Sterne-Marr, Katherine C. Teeter, Justin Thackeray, Jeffrey S. Thompson, Norma Velazquez-Ulloa, Cindy Wolfe, James Youngblom, Brian Yowler, Leming Zhou, Janie Brennan, Jeremy Buhler, Wilson Leung, Sarah C. R. Elgin, and Laura K. Reed
- Subjects
active learning ,bioinformatics ,CUREs ,genomics ,undergraduate education ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
ABSTRACT The Genomics Education Partnership (GEP) engages students in a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE). To better understand the student attributes that support success in this CURE, we asked students about their attitudes using previously published scales that measure epistemic beliefs about work and science, interest in science, and grit. We found, in general, that the attitudes students bring with them into the classroom contribute to two outcome measures, namely, learning as assessed by a pre- and postquiz and perceived self-reported benefits. While the GEP CURE produces positive outcomes overall, the students with more positive attitudes toward science, particularly with respect to epistemic beliefs, showed greater gains. The findings indicate the importance of a student’s epistemic beliefs to achieving positive learning outcomes.
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- 2022
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72. In-vitro evaluation of indigenous probiotic lactobacilli for lead bio-adsorption potential, its tolerance and complex stability
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Hemlata Singh, Sunita Verma, Avinash Jaswal, Sapna Rani, and Chand Ram
- Subjects
Lead contaminated food ,Lactic acid bacteria ,Lead bioadsorption ,Lead tolerance ,Atomic adsorption spectrophotometer ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Probiotic lactic acid bacteria exhibit metal ion binding properties, which can be employed as metal bio-adsorbents in the human system. Lead is a prevalent dietary contaminant that causes lead toxicity in humans, especially children. In the present investigation, we evaluated the indigenous lactobacilli for their lead bioadsorption potential that can offer a pre-emptive approach for bioremediating lead toxicity. After standardizing the lead bioadsorption assay, ten probiotic lactobacilli showing lead retention of >80% in the pellet were selected. Statistical correlation analysis on lead bioadsorption assay, factors affecting lead and lead resistance profiling revealed L. plantarum HD 51 as the most potent lead adsorber. Scanning electron microscopy of L. plantarum HD 51 demonstrated that the binding occurred on the bacterial cell wall. Hence L. plantarum HD-51 could be used as a biotherapeutic agent to reduce the body’s burden on lead by sequestering it out of the human body.
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- 2022
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73. ROS-Mediated Apoptosis Induced by BSA Nanospheres Encapsulated with Fruit Extract of Cucumis prophetarum in Various Human Cancer Cell Lines
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Hemlata, Shruti Gupta, and Kiran Kumar Tejavath
- Subjects
Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2021
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74. Haemodynamics and Arterial Blood Gases in Smokers versus Non Smokers during General Anaesthesia for Abdominal Surgeries: A Prospective Observational Study
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Rashmi Pal, Hemlata Patel, KK Arora, and Neetu Gupta
- Subjects
cardiopulmonary ,end-tidal carbon dioxide ,mean arterial pressure ,peak expiratory flow rate ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Tobacco smoking is a worldwide accepted health hazard and its effect on cardiopulmonary system is a well known fact. In a long run, it results in to gross derangements in haemodynamics and Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) which can lead to further complications during general anaesthesia. Aim: To evaluate the effect of smoking on cardiopulmonary system and also to compare its effects on haemodynamics and ABG during general anaesthesia for abdominal surgeries in smokers and non smokers. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational analytical study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology, Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical Colledge, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, from May 2020 to April 2021. The study included 74 male patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) grade I and II, aged 20-70 years, undergoing elective abdominal surgeries. The patients were divided into two groups, smokers and non smokers, depending on their smoking status. Haemodynamic monitoring was done from preinduction time till 48 hours after extubation and ABG analysis was also done before induction and two hours after extubation in both the groups. T-test and Mann-whitney test were applied according to the requirement. A p-value
- Published
- 2022
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75. QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS AT A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL –A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
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Preksha A Barot, Nirmal Y Brahmbhatt, Hemlata V Ninama, and Darshan Kharadi
- Subjects
dermatology life quality index (DLQI) ,psoriasis ,quality of life (QOL) ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Psoriasis is linked with social stigmatization, pain, discomfort, physical disability and psychological distress. It has a significant negative impact on quality of life. Since there is paucity of the data related to quality of life assessment in Indian psoriatic patients, this study was an earnest attempt in this direction The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of psoriasis on the quality of life in patients with psoriasis. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in 60 patients at Dermatology outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. The quality of life assessment was done by DLQI questionnaire in patients above the age of 16 years. Results: The Health related Quality of Life was assessed by DLQI questionnaire in 60 patients at Dermatology outpatient department. The M: F ratio was 2.16:1. The mean DLQI score was 8.95 ± 8.48 (Mean ± SD) and 66.7% of the patients had moderate to extremely large impact on the quality of life. Highest DLQI Mean score 15.21 was noted in younger (20-29 yrs) age group. Conclusion: Psoriasis is chronic recurring disease and has significant negative impact on patients' quality of life. These findings provide significant new insights into factors that affect the life quality of patients with psoriasis.
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- 2022
76. Et si les vaincus avaient leur mot à dire… Écritures alternatives des mythes indiens
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Hemlata Giri-Loussier
- Subjects
Language and Literature - Abstract
As in other cultures, contemporary writers in India are retelling ancient myths from a new perspective. Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s The Palace of Illusions (2008) and Pratibha Ray’s Yajnaseni: The Story of Draupadi (1995) thus relay one of the major works of Hindu culture, the Mahābhārata, through the eyes of Draupadi, wife to the five Pandava brothers, while in Asura: Tale of the Vanquished (2015), Anand Neelakantan reworks another major myth, the Rāmāyana, to give voice to an even more marginalized cast-out, the demon Rāvana, as does Arun Kukreja in his play Dashaanan (2004). The idealized male heroes of Indian mythology thus come under the scathing gaze of their wife or opponent, and the core values of ancient myth are radically questioned.
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- 2022
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77. Comparative evaluation of clonidine and dexamethasone as adjuvants to ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block
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Hemlata, Rajesh Kumar Singh, Reetu Verma, Dinesh Singh, Ajay Kumar Chaudhary, and Brij Bihari Kushwaha
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abdominal surgery ,general anesthesia ,postoperative analgesia ,transversus abdominis plane block ,visual analogue scale ,Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 - Abstract
Aim: This study aims to study the effect of addition of clonidine and dexamethasone to ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided TAP block in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries. We primarily compared the quality and duration of postoperative analgesia. Materials and Methods: This randomized double-blind study was done after taking approval from Institutional Ethical Committee and written informed consent from all the patients. Sixty patients undergoing abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into two groups: Group-RC (n = 30) and Group-RD (n = 30). Patients in both the groups were given bilateral ultrasound-guided TAP block at the end of surgery. Patients in Group-RC received 20 ml ropivacaine 0.2% with 75 μg clonidine on each side and patients in Group-RD received 20 ml ropivacaine 0.2% with 4 mg dexamethasone on each side. Results: Visual analogue scale score for pain was significantly less in Group-RC as compared to Group-RD at all-time intervals (P
- Published
- 2021
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78. Effect of nurse-led screening linked brief psycho-education for improving adherence to antipsychotic medications among clients with mental illness: A quasi-experimental study
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Hemlata Ghatwal, Jaison Joseph, and Purushottam Jangid
- Subjects
antipsychotics ,brief psychoeducation ,medication adherence ,screening ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Background: Despite the significant improvements in pharmacotherapy, nonadherence to antipsychotic medication is consistently reported in the literature. Many studies evaluated the side effects of antipsychotic medications but there is scanty evidence regarding screening linked intervention. Aim: The study investigated the effect of nurse-led screening linked brief psycho-education in improving adherence to antipsychotic medication among treatment-seeking clients with mental illness. Materials and Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study in which a total of 80 subjects were consecutively recruited as per the sampling criteria. The side effect of antipsychotic medication was measured using the Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser Side Effect Rating Scale (UKU-SERS). A trained nurse delivered a 30-minute individual-based screening linked brief psychoeducation for the management of side effects as per the standard module. The outcome measures were changes in adherence to medication measured as per the medication adherence rating scale (MARS-5©Professor Rob Horne) during a 1-month follow-up. Results: Anxiety (40%), reduced duration of sleep (40%), reduced salivation (36%) were the most common moderate-to-severe side effects as per UKU-SERS. Overall, the study observed a significant improvement of self-reported medication adherence in the intervention group as compared to the control group during the 1-month follow-up (F = 46.49; P < 0.001). Conclusion: The nurse-led screening linked brief psychoeducation may be an effective strategy for improving adherence to antipsychotic medication in this setting. More studies should be conducted in similar settings for an evidence base to advocate the role of the nurse as a brief intervention therapist in the routine mental health care setting.
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- 2021
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79. Microincision phacoemulsification combined with sutureless transpupillary passive silicone oil removal
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Mithun Thulasidas, Hemlata Gupta, Mahipal S Sachdev, Avnindra Gupta, Lalit Verma, and Sanchi Vohra
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phacoemulsification ,posterior capsulorhexis ,retinal detachment ,silicone oil removal ,transpupillary ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of combined microincision phacoemulsification with sutureless transpupillary silicone oil (SO) removal using an irrigation probe of bimanual irrigation/aspiration. Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective study, including patients who had undergone phacoemulsification with transpupillary removal of SO, which had been used for intraocular tamponade after a previous pars plana vitrectomy. Outcome measures were corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refractive error, intraocular pressure (IOP), and endothelial cell count (ECC) evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at 3-month follow-up. Any intraoperative or postoperative complications, duration of surgery, and final retinal status at 3 months were also noted. Results: Seventy-four eyes (74 patients) were analyzed. The mean interval between SO placement and cataract surgery was 4.73 months (standard deviation [SD]: 1.02). CDVA improved in 66 (89.2%) eyes and remained the same in 8 (10.8%) eyes (P < 0.001). The mean postoperative spherical equivalent was −0.96D (SD: 0.75) at 3 months (P < 0.001). There was a significant drop in IOP from 15.08 mmHg (SD: 2.67) preoperatively to 11.64 mmHg (SD: 2.02) postoperatively (P < 0.001). The average ECC loss was only 5.7% at 3 months postoperatively. The mean surgical duration was 17.20 min (SD: 7.02). One patient had retinal redetachment and required resurgery. At 3 months, the retina was attached in all patients. Conclusion: Combined microincision phacoemulsification with transpupillary passive SO removal using irrigation probe of bimanual irrigation/aspiration is a safe, effective, and less invasive technique that offers the main advantage of reduced surgical trauma, and should be reserved for patients with a stable retina, not requiring additional surgical intervention.
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- 2021
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80. Denture hygiene awareness, attitude and practice among complete denture wearers during COVID-19 lockdown pandemic: A questionnaire based survey
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Hemlata Dwivedi, Nirupam Paul, Kankana Lahiri Banerjee, Shivani Singh, Reeta Jain, and Surender Kumar
- Subjects
cleansing habits ,complete denture ,denture care ,denture hygiene ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 ,Analytical chemistry ,QD71-142 - Abstract
Objective: To determine the denture hygiene habits in complete denture wearers during Covid-19 lockdown in Assam state. Materials and Methods: In this study, a self-administered structured questionnaire was developed to know the attitude of the patients regarding denture hygiene. The study sample consisted of 150 subjects, which included 63 (42%) males and 87 (58%) females. Results: 50.7% of individuals said that they have knowledge about denture cleansing methods, while only 40% individuals clean their dentures once daily. After education through an online survey, most individuals started practicing three times or at least two times. After educating two members in the same family, all subjects were cleaning either twice or thrice. All subjects were either using brushing or combination methods. Conclusion: Poor condition of complete dentures seen in the population is mainly due to lack of knowledge and irregular cleansing habits. Dentists must give proper instructions and do regular follow-up regarding maintenance of denture hygiene.
- Published
- 2021
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81. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)- Renewal of interest for labor analgesias
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Hemlata Kapoor
- Subjects
Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Published
- 2023
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82. Cryptic Myiasis by Chrysomya bezziana: A Case Report and Literature Review
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Rimpi Rana, Anupam Singh, Sneha Pandurangan, Pratima Gupta, Hemlata Udenia, and Ajai Agrawal
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anemia ,chrysomya bezziana ,ophthalmomyiasis ,orbital myiasis ,Medicine ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Myiasis is the invasion of living animal tissue by fly larvae. Orbital tissue infestation involvement occurs in 5% of all myiasis cases and is potentially destructive. Infection by Chrysomya bezziana is very rare in clinical practice. A 65-year-old woman with history of left eye evisceration presented to the emergency department due to a creeping sensation in the left eye socket and underwent medical and surgical treatment for C. bezziana ophthalmomyiasis. A systematic review was performed to identify ophthalmomyiasis cases caused by C. bezziana published in PubMed and Embase until December 2019. C. bezziana can cause major destruction to both vital and non-vital tissues. It should be treated promptly to prevent extensive damage and life-threatening conditions. This report provides an overview of the epidemiology, causes, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment options that could assist clinicians in diagnosis and management of this condition.
- Published
- 2020
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83. Assessment of agro-morphological and molecular diversity among Indian mustard (Brasssica juncea) genotypes
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NEELAM SHEKHAWAT, HEMLATA SHARMA, and RAVINDRA SINGH SHEKHAWAT
- Subjects
Indian mustard ,Genetic Diversity ,Principal Components ,RAPD ,Dendrogram ,Agriculture - Abstract
An experiment was conducted in randomized block design with three replications during winter (rabi) season 2015–16 at Instructional farm, RCA, MPUAT, Udaipur. Genetic diversity of the 10 Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss] varieties was evaluated by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers and morphological characters. Fifteen RAPD primers were used out of which three were amplified. These three amplified primers produced total 148 amplicons, of which 128 amplicons (86.48%) were polymorphic. The polymorphic information content value ranged from 87.50% (OPA-2) to 100% (OPA-11) with an average of 93.33%. A dendrogram based on UPGMA analysis separated 10 Indian mustard varieties in four clusters at 0.58 similarity coefficient. Genetic divergence using Mahalanobis D2 statistics was worked out and based on D2 values, the varieties were grouped into four different clusters. Cluster 1 included maximum (seven) genotypes and cluster 2, 3 and 4 had only one genotype. Maximum divergence was observed between clusters 1 and 4 followed by cluster 1 and 2. Number of siliquae per plant was the main trait contributing to this divergence followed by test weight, seed yield per plant, number of seeds per siliqua, days to 50% flowering and number of secondary branches per plant. The genotypes PM-27 and Pusa Vijay were the most diverse on the basis of UPGMA clustering analysis and genotypes PM-27 and Bio-902 were most divergent on the basis of D2 value clustering. The results obtained can be utilized in hybridization and selection for breeding programmes.
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- 2022
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84. Heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and its component traits in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)
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NEELAM SHEKHAWAT, HEMLATA SHARMA, and K S CHANDRAWAT
- Subjects
Brassica juncea ,GCA ,Heterosis ,Diallel analysis ,SCA ,Yield components. ,Agriculture - Abstract
Ten diverse lines of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss.] were crossed in diallel mating design excluding reciprocals during winter (rabi) season 2014–15 to study heterosis and combining ability. The mean squares due to genotypes including parents, crosses and parents vs. crosses were significant for all the traits. The analysis of variance revealed significant mean sum of squares of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for most of the characters at all three environments, except mean sum of squares due to GCA for length of siliqua in E3 environment and mean sum of squares due to SCA for plant height in E1 and for number of secondary branches per plant in E3 environment. In pooled analysis, mean squares due to GCA, SCA, GCA × E and SCA × E were significant for all the eight characters except SCA × E for plant height and GCA × E for protein content. The estimates of GCA effects revealed that parents, viz. Pusa Vijay, PM-30 and Bio-902 were good general combiners for yield contributing traits and the best specific cross combinations for yield and its attributing traits were PM-27 × RGN-229, PM-27 × RGN-73, Pusa Vijay × Laxmi, Pusa Vijay × DRMR-IJ-31 and Pusa Vijay × RGN-73 on the basis of pooled analysis. The crosses Bio-902 × RGN-48, PM-30 × Bio-902 and Bio-902 × RGN-73 exhibited highest and positive significant heterotic effects for seed yield per plant and its important component traits. These F1s may be exploited for obtaining transgressive segregants for development of hybrid varieties in Indian mustard.
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- 2022
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85. Detection of most commonly used pesticides in green leafy vegetables from sagar, india using direct injection hybrid micellar liquid chromatography
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Hemlata Bhamdare, Priyanka Pahade, Devasish Bose, Abhilasha Durgbanshi, Samuel Carda-Broch, and Juan Peris-Vicente
- Subjects
Chlorpyrifos ,Cypermethrin ,Green leafy vegetables ,Imidacloprid ,Profenofos ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, profenofos and cypermethrin are most commonly applied pesticides on green leafy vegetables. After a survey conducted to know the pesticide management practices in Sagar, India, a procedure based on hybrid micellar liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array detector has been developed and validated to monitor imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, profenofos and cypermethrin content in green leafy vegetables. The method was validated following the guideline of SANTE/11,312/2021 in terms of: selectivity, linearity (r2> 0.998), limit of quantification (0.09–0.25 mg/Kg, depending on the analyte under investigation), precision (
- Published
- 2022
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86. The relationship between cognition and functioning in schizophrenia: A semi-systematic review
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Saifuddin Kharawala, Claudia Hastedt, Jana Podhorna, Hemlata Shukla, Bregt Kappelhoff, and Philip D. Harvey
- Subjects
Schizophrenia ,Cognitive impairment ,Functional capacity ,Real-world functioning ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
In schizophrenia, impairments in neurocognition (NC) and social cognition (SC) are associated with reduced functional capacity (FC) and poor real-world functioning (RWF).In this semi-systematic review, we examined this association across a range of research questions.We conducted a systematic search in Embase and MEDLINE from 2005 to 2019, and conducted additional pragmatic searches. After screening of titles, abstracts and full-texts, we included 564 citations, of which 44 (26 primary studies, 15 systematic reviews and 3 narrative reviews) were prioritized for reporting.Both NC and SC were significantly associated with functioning, with slightly stronger association for SC. Effect sizes were generally larger for FC than for RWF. NC showed stronger associations with occupational functioning and independent living, and SC with social functioning. Baseline cognition predicted long-term RWF up to 20 years of follow-up, though long-term data were limited for SC. Cognitive remediation improved RWF functioning, especially when it was combined with psychosocial rehabilitation.SC mediated the relationship of NC with functioning. Negative symptoms appeared to mediate and moderate the association of cognition with functioning. Other factors involved included severity of cognitive dysfunction, metacognition, depression and choice of RWF instrument.We discuss potential implications for studies of pharmacological cognitive interventions in schizophrenia – the relevance of both NC and SC, the advantage of adjunctive psychosocial rehabilitation, the role of relevant moderating and mediating variables, and the challenges with RWF instrument selection. Successful cognitive interventions could allow patients with schizophrenia to improve their potential for community functioning.
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- 2022
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87. A study to validate the tumour grading system in paediatric adrenocortical neoplasms
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Hemlata Jangir, Isheeta Ahuja, Shipra Agarwal, Vishesh Jain, Jagdish Prasad Meena, Rajni Sharma, Mehar Chand Sharma, and Venkateswaran K. Iyer
- Subjects
Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Published
- 2022
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88. A Systematic Review of Generative AI for Teaching and Learning Practice
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Ogunleye, Bayode, Zakariyyah, Kudirat Ibilola, Ajao, Oluwaseun, Olayinka, Olakunle, and Sharma, Hemlata
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Computer Science - Information Retrieval ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,H.3.3 - Abstract
The use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in academia is a subjective and hotly debated topic. Currently, there are no agreed guidelines towards the usage of GenAI systems in higher education (HE) and, thus, it is still unclear how to make effective use of the technology for teaching and learning practice. This paper provides an overview of the current state of research on GenAI for teaching and learning in HE. To this end, this study conducted a systematic review of relevant studies indexed by Scopus, using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search criteria revealed a total of 625 research papers, of which 355 met the final inclusion criteria. The findings from the review showed the current state and the future trends in documents, citations, document sources/authors, keywords, and co-authorship. The research gaps identified suggest that while some authors have looked at understanding the detection of AI-generated text, it may be beneficial to understand how GenAI can be incorporated into supporting the educational curriculum for assessments, teaching, and learning delivery. Furthermore, there is a need for additional interdisciplinary, multidimensional studies in HE through collaboration. This will strengthen the awareness and understanding of students, tutors, and other stakeholders, which will be instrumental in formulating guidelines, frameworks, and policies for GenAI usage., Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures, article published in Education Sciences
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- 2024
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89. To what extent can ASV systems naturally defend against spoofing attacks?
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Jung, Jee-weon, Wang, Xin, Evans, Nicholas, Watanabe, Shinji, Shim, Hye-jin, Tak, Hemlata, Arora, Sidhhant, Yamagishi, Junichi, and Chung, Joon Son
- Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
The current automatic speaker verification (ASV) task involves making binary decisions on two types of trials: target and non-target. However, emerging advancements in speech generation technology pose significant threats to the reliability of ASV systems. This study investigates whether ASV effortlessly acquires robustness against spoofing attacks (i.e., zero-shot capability) by systematically exploring diverse ASV systems and spoofing attacks, ranging from traditional to cutting-edge techniques. Through extensive analyses conducted on eight distinct ASV systems and 29 spoofing attack systems, we demonstrate that the evolution of ASV inherently incorporates defense mechanisms against spoofing attacks. Nevertheless, our findings also underscore that the advancement of spoofing attacks far outpaces that of ASV systems, hence necessitating further research on spoofing-robust ASV methodologies., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, Interspeech 2024
- Published
- 2024
90. Harder or Different? Understanding Generalization of Audio Deepfake Detection
- Author
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Müller, Nicolas M., Evans, Nicholas, Tak, Hemlata, Sperl, Philip, and Böttinger, Konstantin
- Subjects
Computer Science - Sound ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing - Abstract
Recent research has highlighted a key issue in speech deepfake detection: models trained on one set of deepfakes perform poorly on others. The question arises: is this due to the continuously improving quality of Text-to-Speech (TTS) models, i.e., are newer DeepFakes just 'harder' to detect? Or, is it because deepfakes generated with one model are fundamentally different to those generated using another model? We answer this question by decomposing the performance gap between in-domain and out-of-domain test data into 'hardness' and 'difference' components. Experiments performed using ASVspoof databases indicate that the hardness component is practically negligible, with the performance gap being attributed primarily to the difference component. This has direct implications for real-world deepfake detection, highlighting that merely increasing model capacity, the currently-dominant research trend, may not effectively address the generalization challenge.
- Published
- 2024
91. Higher education assessment practice in the era of generative AI tools
- Author
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Ogunleye, Bayode, Zakariyyah, Kudirat Ibilola, Ajao, Oluwaseun, Olayinka, Olakunle, and Sharma, Hemlata
- Subjects
Computer Science - Information Retrieval ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,I.2.7 ,I.2.10 ,H.3.3 - Abstract
The higher education (HE) sector benefits every nation's economy and society at large. However, their contributions are challenged by advanced technologies like generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive assessment of GenAI tools towards assessment and pedagogic practice and, subsequently, discuss the potential impacts. This study experimented using three assessment instruments from data science, data analytics, and construction management disciplines. Our findings are two-fold: first, the findings revealed that GenAI tools exhibit subject knowledge, problem-solving, analytical, critical thinking, and presentation skills and thus can limit learning when used unethically. Secondly, the design of the assessment of certain disciplines revealed the limitations of the GenAI tools. Based on our findings, we made recommendations on how AI tools can be utilised for teaching and learning in HE., Comment: 11 pages, 7 tables published in the Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching
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- 2024
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92. Double trouble: concurrent cytomegalovirus and BK polyomavirus infections in a patient who underwent kidney transplantation
- Author
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Doo Yee Mah, Aida Azlin, Hemlata Kumari Gnanasegaram, Mohd Zaimi, and Rosnawati Yahya
- Subjects
posttransplantation infection ,bk virus ,bk polyomavirus nephritis ,cytomegalovirus nephritis ,renal transplant rejection ,cytomegalovirus ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
A 19-year-old student, who had received a kidney from her mother and had moderate cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection risk, received triple immunosuppression (IS) with corticosteroids, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate sodium (MPS). The patient was treated with pulse corticosteroids for borderline rejection at 1-month posttransplantation, but subsequently developed a urinary tract infection, which was resolved with intravenous administration of antibiotics. In the 4th month after transplantation, the patient was diagnosed with hydronephrosis secondary to a ureteric stricture, which required surgery. Simultaneously, her BK polyomavirus-nucleic acid titer (BKV-NAT) and CMV-NAT increased to 391 IU/mL and 241 IU/mL, respectively. Accordingly, her MPS dosage was reduced and, ultimately, withheld. While her CMV-NAT decreased to undetectable levels; her BKV-NAT titer remained persistently high (14,743 to 22,088 IU/mL). The everolimus was then added to minimize tacrolimus exposure, and her BKV-NAT titer subsequently reduced to 2,575 IU/mL. Simultaneously her renal allograft biopsy showed severe tubulitis with macronuclei positivity for simian virus 40 which indicated the presence of BKV. Besides, the typical CMV associated cytoplasmic and nuclear eosinophilic inclusions also seen in the immunohistochemical analyses. Oral valganciclovir and intravenous immunoglobulin were then administered to the patient and her kidney function partially improved subsequently. She was later discharged without any clinical evidence of rejection.
- Published
- 2020
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93. Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Cucumis prophetarum Aqueous Leaf Extract and Their Antibacterial and Antiproliferative Activity Against Cancer Cell Lines
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Hemlata, Prem Raj Meena, Arvind Pratap Singh, and Kiran Kumar Tejavath
- Subjects
Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2020
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94. Awareness and attitude about heart transplantation among undergraduate nursing students: An institution-based survey in India
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Suresh K Sharma, Hemlata Sadhanu, Manisha Naithani, Anshuman Darbari, Jyoti Bharadwaj, and Maneesh Sharma
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heart transplantation ,nursing education ,organ donation ,transplantation ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Heart transplantation is the currently available and established lifesaving therapy for the end stage heart failure. Considering the paucity of data about nurses' awareness and attitude about heart transplantation, this survey was undertaken. The aim of this study was to assess the awareness and attitude regarding heart transplantation among undergraduate nursing students. A questionnaire based cross sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate nursing students studying in an institute of national importance in India. Materials and Methods: A prevalidated questionnaire was administered among 147 randomly selected participants who were willing to participate in the study. Results: All the students (100%) were aware about organ donation, but majority (77.5%) informed that their source of information on this topic is by Internet/media. Around 18.4% of participants had already pledged permission for organ donation after death and 70.8% were willing to donate the organ after death. Conclusion: Results showed the gap existence and need of addressing this among undergraduate nursing students regarding organ donation and heart transplantation.
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- 2020
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95. FNAC of breast lesions with special reference to IAC standardized reporting and comparative study of cytohistological grading of breast carcinoma
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Hemlata Panwar, Pooja Ingle, Tummidi Santosh, Vandita Singh, Amit Bugalia, and Nighat Hussain
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breast carcinoma ,cytological grading ,fine needle aspiration ,histological grading ,international academy of cytology ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Background: International Academy of Cytology (IAC) has established a process to produce comprehensive and standardized approach to fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) reporting. They have categorized the breast lesions in C1 to C5. (C1-Insufficient material, C2-Benign, C3- Atypical, C4-Suspicious & C5-Malignant). Aims and Objectives: The aim of study is to classify various breast lesions (C1 to C5) and to grade breast carcinoma on FNAC using Robinson's grading system which is then correlated with modified Bloom–Richardson grading. Materials and Methods: All routine FNAC for breast lump were included in the study during the period from Jan 2016 to Jan 2017. The study was conducted in the Department of pathology and lab medicine of a tertiary care hospital in central India. Results: A total 225 female patients were included in the study, with an age group ranging from 15 - 79 years, with lesions in breast were taken. C1 lesions were found in 3 cases, C2 in 186 cases, C3 in 13 cases, C4 in 4 cases, and C5 in 19 cases. Correlation of cytohistological grading was obtained in 108 cases. Conclusion: Cytological categorization based on IAC structured reporting will enhance the reproducibility of reports among pathologist & clinicians. With the comparison between cytohistological nuclear grading, the cytoprognostic scores will help in evaluating the aggressiveness of tumor, predicts histological grade and prognosis. It could be a useful parameter for selecting neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.
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- 2020
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96. Rational Approach to Psychotropic Use in COVID-19 Cases With Psychiatric Comorbidities: Lesson Learnt From a Case Series
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Jigyansa Ipsita Pattnaik, Sudipta Das, Hemlata Sarkar, Rajnarayan Mahasuar, and Jayprakash Russell Ravan
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Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Published
- 2021
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97. 159 Developing placental CD34+-derived natural killer cells with high affinity cleavage resistant CD16 (CYNK-101) and Cetuximab for enhanced therapy of EGFR+ non-small cell lung and head and neck cancers
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Lin Kang, Xiaokui Zhang, Robert Hariri, Xuan Guo, Tanel Mahlakõiv, Shuyang He, Hemlata Rana, Andrea DiFiglia, John Fitzgerald, Irene Raitman, Valentina Rousseva, and Salvatore Rotondo
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Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Published
- 2021
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98. The Model for Stature and Gender Prediction in Indians Using Upper Limb Measurements
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Hemlata Mohite, Sandeep Mohite, Satish Kakade, Shashikant Mane, and Manoj Ambali
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stature ,gender ,upper limb measurements ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Estimating stature and gender in the process of forming an individual's identity, various parts of the body are important for forming a biological profile, especially when damaged and amputated bodies are discovered. An important aspect of any forensic study is its human stature and gender estimate. Aim: The study's main purpose was to estimate the individual's stature and gender by using upper limb measurements like arm and forearm lengths, elbow breadths, and wrist breadths and circumferences. Materials and Methods: To create the equations, five anthropometric measurements were taken of 568 healthy adult Indian volunteers, 294 males and 274 females, ranging in age from 18 to 25 years. A digital vernier caliper was used to measure the arm and ulnar lengths, elbow breadth, and wrist breadth and circumference in millimeters. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20. Results: A significant correlation was revealed between stature and arm, forearm, elbow, and wrist dimensions on both sides using linear regression models. Approximately 71% to 86% accurate gender estimation of the research population. Conclusion: A study has found that arm and forearm length, elbow and wrist breadth, and wrist circumference can all be used to predict stature and gender in Indians.
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- 2021
99. Actinomycotic osteomyelitis of maxilla in a diabetic patient- 'A rare case report & review of literature'
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Basavaraj T Bhagawati, Manisha Solanki, Hemlata Solanki, and Manish Sharma
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actinomycotic infection of maxilla ,diabetes mellitus ,hard palate ,osteomyelitis of jaws ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 - Abstract
Actinomycosis may be a relatively rare infection caused by saprophytic bacteria of the mouth and alimentary canal which will become pathogenic. The chronic hyperglycemia in Diabetes Mellitus induces events that promote structural changes in various tissues and are related to problems in wound healing. This infection remains largely unknown to most clinicians due to its different presentations, and palatal involvement is extremely rare. This report describes the case of a 50-year-old man who was diagnosed with actinomycosis involving mucosal surface. The main clinical, histopathologic, and therapeutic characteristics and diagnosis of actinomycosis are reviewed. Till date, 4 cases of actinomycosis involving the palatal surface are reported.
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- 2021
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100. Efficacy of Bilateral Erector Spinae Plane Block using Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia following Lumbar Spine Surgeries- A Randomised Clinical Study
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Nimi Sreedhar, Hemlata, Megha Kohli Mehrotra, Prem Raj Singh, Ahsan Khaliq Siddiqui, and Monica Kohli
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postoperative pain ,postoperative opioid consumption ,ultrasound-guided block ,visual analogue scale score ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) is a safe and simple technique that provides favourable pain relief and reduced postoperative analgesia consumption. Both bupivacaine and ropivacaine have been used in ESPB and have been found to provide good postoperative analgesia. Aim: To compare the efficacy of bupivacaine and ropivacaine in bilateral ESPB for postoperative pain relief in lumbar spine surgeries. Materials and Methods: The randomised clinical trial was conducted from July 2019 to June 2020. The study included 60 patients posted for lumbar spine surgeries which were divided randomly into two groups. Group A patients (n=30) received ESPB using 0.25% bupivacaine and group B patients (n=30) received ESPB with 0.2% ropivacaine after induction of GA with endotracheal intubation. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, time to first rescue analgesic, haemodynamic changes and any complications were monitored at regular time intervals in the postoperative period. For quantitative data, a parametric test (Student’s t-test) and a non parametric test (Mann-Whitney U test) were used. The Chi-square test was used for parametric analysis of qualitative data. Results: The mean age (in years) in Group A was 36.93±9.47 and Group B was 38.00±8.43. There was significant difference in mean VAS scores between bupivacaine and ropivacaine groups at 4 hours (4.03±0.93 vs 4.57±0.94; p-value=0.033) and at 6 hours (5.63±0.55 vs 5.26±0.64; p-value=0.021), postoperatively. The mean time to first rescue analgesic requirement was significantly higher in bupivacaine group than ropivacaine group (6.33±1.3 vs 5.27±0.97 hours: p-value=0.001). Patients in both the groups remained haemodynamically stable throughout the study period. No significant change in saturation, Electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, postoperative nausea and vomiting was observed in any of the two groups. Conclusion: The ESPB with bupivacaine 0.25% provides better and prolonged analgesic effect postoperatively as compared to ropivacaine 0.2% with acceptable haemodynamic stability
- Published
- 2021
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