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Background: Caregivers play a crucial role in assessing the oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) of young individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Aim: This study assessed the impact of sociodemographic and oral conditions on OHRQoL and family dynamics in young individuals with and without autism, as perceived by guardians. Design: This comparative cross‐sectional study included young individuals aged 6 to 14 years and their guardians. Data were collected at a specialized institution and dental schools. Guardians completed the Parental‐Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P‐CPQ), Family Impact Scale (FIS), and sociodemographic and oral habits questionnaires. The sociopsychological need for orthodontic treatment was assessed using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Results: The sample included 144 youths and caregivers. The ASD group had higher P‐CPQ and FIS scores. Factors associated with poorer perceived OHRQoL included higher youth age, lower caregiver education, higher IOTN scores, teeth clenching (RR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01–1.41), and lip sucking. Lower parental education (RR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.10–2.80) and higher IOTN scores from the caregiver's perspective impacted family dynamics. Conclusion: Caregivers of young individuals with ASD perceived a lower OHRQoL, and families in this group were more affected by sociodemographic and oral conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adiposity is a chronic disease that must be treated from childhood. Despite the transcendence of improving habits, few interventions report their contribution to decreasing adiposity. Methods: This cohort enrolled children and teens of any gender, 8–18 years old, and with a body mass index (BMI) z-score of ≥1 into "Sacbe", a comprehensive program to identify which eating habits could reduce BMI z-score. The sample size calculated was 110 participants. We recorded anthropometric measures, clinical history, and habits. A clinically relevant reduction in BMI z-score was defined as ≥0.5 over 12 months or its equivalent according to the months of follow-up. Results: 58.2% were female, the median age was 12 years (range: 9.1–14.7), and the mean BMI z-score was 2.30 ± 0.83. The 82.7% achieved a reduced BMI z-score but 41.8% achieved a clinically relevant reduction with a median follow-up of 6.7 months. Eating out less than once per week was associated with this outcome, even after adjusting for energy intake, other eating patterns, sedentary screen time, physical activity, sleep duration, and sitting time (HR 2.12; 95% CI: 1.07–4.21). Conclusions: Eating out < once/week implicates less processed food exposition and better quality of food; this habit could be the most effective to reduce childhood adiposity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We derive a new theoretical model of money demand, which reflects backward‐ and forward‐looking preferences in consumption and utility. The former aspect is captured by standard habit formation, and the latter by anticipation of future consumption preferences. By introducing both of these into the Ramsey–Sidrauski framework, we unveil a new highly general model of money demand. We discuss the model in light of the apparent breakdown of money‐demand functions and diminished policy relevance of monetary aggregates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early life stress (ELS), including experiences with abuse and neglect, are related to several negative health outcomes in adulthood. One area that has received attention is the increased rate of substance abuse disorder in individuals who had experienced ELS. Given the critical role habitual behavior in the development of substance abuse, ELS may affect the trajectory of neural development such that habitual responding is more dominant than in individuals who did not experience ELS. Here, we examine learning of a probabilistic classification task (the Weather Prediction Task) in healthy young adults who reported significant ELS and those that did not. This task can be learned in a declarative, model-based manner, or in a more habitual, stimulus-response manner. Participants learned to choose the outcome (sun or rain) that was probabilistically associated with each cue combination through reinforcement on each trial. After 100 trials, the probabilities were reversed, and we conceptualized habitual behavior as perseverating responses based on the old probabilities. We also collected information about subjective socio-economic status (sSES), anxiety, depression, and substance use from participants. Using multiple regression, we found that our measure of habitual responding was correlated with reported alcohol use, suggesting that our measure of habit has validity for health behaviors. Furthermore, we found that some forms of early life stress led to greater response perseverance after contingencies were reversed. Overall, the results suggest that childhood adversity may contribute to the development of habit.

The current study assessed cross-lagged relationships between binge drinking, implicit beliefs, and habit in undergraduate university students (N = 105). Students completed self-report survey and implicit measures in lab visits 3 months apart. A structural equation model revealed cross-lagged relations between habit and behavior, and some evidence for a reciprocal relationship between implicit beliefs and habit. Implicit beliefs were related to alcohol behavior across time, but no cross-lagged relationship was observed. Findings provide preliminary support for recent advances in habit theory, suggesting that implicit beliefs and habit may develop in tandem or even share common knowledge structures and schemas.

Background: Many adults with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have inadequate sleep increasing their risk of hyperglycemia and developing complications. The objective was to identify psychosocial determinants of healthy sleep habits (HSH) among adults with T1D and T2D.Methods: The two HSH were: avoiding screen use in bed and having sleep regularity. Adults (≥18 years) with T1D and T2D were invited to complete an anonymous online survey. The questionnaires were based on the Reasoned Action Approach and formative qualitative research previously conducted in 56 adults with T1D and T2D. Habit was included as an additional variable for screen use in bed.Results: In total, 320 adults with diabetes (T1D: 39%; T2D: 61%) completed the questionnaires (screen use in bed: 174; sleep timing: 146). Close to 75% of participants reported screen use in bed and close to 90% reported sleep timing variability in the last month. Perceived behavioral control (PBC) to avoid screen use in bed (β = −0.4486, p

This study uses information technologies to analyze the lifestyles of Cubans. Cluster analysis is used to identify similarities in habits and lifestyles. Clustering results are compared using K-Means, DBSCAN, and HDBSCAN algorithms. Principal Component Analysis is applied to visualize the dataset. Internal validation metrics are defined to evaluate the performance of the algorithms. The results indicate that K-Means provides better clustering for this dataset.

This study explores the relationship between procrastination and declining healthy habits among adolescents, a topic lacking systematic reviews in the existing literature. The primary purpose is to lay the groundwork for promoting mental health and preventing procrastination as risky behavior. This systematic review examined five areas related to procrastination and its influence on healthy lifestyle habits in adolescents: technology and procrastination; sleep and procrastination; academic procrastination; and the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings highlight that technology misuse is linked with procrastination; adolescents tend to procrastinate when going to sleep; academic procrastination negatively impacts long-term educational achievements, and the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this phenomenon. Ultimately, it is concluded that procrastination is related to all these aspects and has detrimental effects on adolescents’ physical and psychological development.

Background: Physicians usually have a high responsibility in caring for people. Many times, they encounter work-life imbalances that can impact both their personal health and the quality of medical services they provide. Objective: To evaluate the works and health habits of Thai physicians. Methods: Thai physicians who participated in the hospital’s Corporate Social Responsibility “Save Doctors’ Heart” project, conducted between February 14, 2022 and October 31, 2022, were invited to participate in the study. Data collected was personal data, work habits, including workplace, work hours, and health habits, including fiber in the diet, exercise, sense of well-being, history of health surveillance, and health coverage system. The characteristic features associated with their work and health habits were studied Results: The responses to each question varied among the 1,244 physicians who agreed to join the study. The median age was 45.0 years (IQR 39,56 years). Almost all (98.6%) were still active in medical practice, with >1 workplace in 14.7%. Nearly half (44.5%) worked >40 hours per week. Most reported a moderate to high fiber diet (80.8%), but only 29.7% exercised >3 days per week. Some degree of stress was revealed in 82.1%, being moderate to severe in 25.8%. The younger physicians with less exercise were significantly associated with moderate/severe stress. Only slightly more than half (53.0%) had a good sense of well-being. Nearly 30% had irregular health surveillance. The two most common reasons were unavailability/no time and having no symptoms. Conclusion: Thai participating physicians were still active professionally and had mixed health habits. Most consumed a moderate to high fiber diet and had regular health surveillance; however, with less exercise and some degree of stress. More than half were self-assessed to have a good sense of well-being.

This study examines the relationship between the habits of young adults in the use of information technologies and the cognitive processes involved in learning. It was found that information technologies have become an irreplaceable part of modern education, offering vast opportunities to access information and resources, thus promoting the learning of young adults. A large research phase was held to qualitatively analyze the impact of expert interviews on information technology usage habits on young adults' cognitive processes and to investigate the changes it can create in the learning process. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews withopen-ended questions. At the end of the research stage, it was found that using information technology in the learning process has positive and negative consequences, as it has changed the way knowledge is acquired and has made information accessible; however, the use of technology creates an illusion that a person is able to multitask. Learning with the help of information technology reduces the visual perception field; moreover, under its influence, a different attitude towards time and the pace of life arises, creating a feeling of lacking time. Various cognitive, emotional, and social disorders intensify; directly affecting young adults' well-being. This study highlights the importance of the interaction of information technology usage habits and cognitive processes in the learning of young adults.

Background Actions that are repetitive and being practiced automatically are called habits. Oral habits can be classified as normal or deleterious. Oral health education starts from footprints of awareness. Growing children require appropriate guidance for healthy growth and maintenance of their teeth, which makes the parent an active participant in the prevention and treatment of malocclusion and thus is majorly affected by their knowledge and attitude regarding various deleterious oral habits and habit breaking appliances. Aim To assess and compare awareness of deleterious oral habits and knowledge of habit breaking appliance, among parents at Alkharj Saudi Arabia. Methodology Study assessed awareness of deleterious oral habits and knowledge of habit breaking appliances among parents in Alkharj, Saudi Arabia. Results Conclusion Majority of the parents were aware of different deleterious oral habits but not aware of the dimensions of interventions like types of appliances, duration of use, etc. without knowing mentioned facts, in future which leads to development of malocclusion which probably requires orthodontic, surgical or prosthetic intervention correcting the outcomes of oral deleterious habits.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Interventions are effective in promoting health behavior change to the extent that (a) intervention strategies modify targets (i.e., mechanisms of action), and (b) modifying targets leads to changes in behavior. To complement taxonomies that characterize the variety of strategies used in behavioral interventions, we outline a new principle that specifies how strategies modify targets and thereby promote behavior change. We distinguish two dimensions of targets-value (positive vs. negative) and accessibility (activation level)-and show that intervention strategies operate either by altering the value of what people think, feel, or want (target change) or by heightening the accessibility of behavior-related thoughts, feelings, and goals (target activation). METHODS AND RESULTS: We review strategies designed to promote target activation and find that nudges, cue-reminders, goal priming, the question-behavior effect, and if-then planning are each effective in generating health behavior change, and that their effectiveness accrues from heightened accessibility of relevant targets. We also identify several other strategies that may operate, at least in part, via target activation (e.g., self-monitoring, message framing, anticipated regret inductions, and habits). CONCLUSIONS: The Activation Vs. Change Principle (AVCP) offers a theoretically grounded and parsimonious means of distinguishing among intervention strategies. By focusing on how strategies modify targets, the AVCP can aid interventionists in deciding which intervention strategies to deploy and how to combine different strategies in behavioral trials. We outline a research agenda that could serve to further enhance the design and delivery of interventions to promote target activation.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: The aim was to describe sleep habits and epidemiology of the most common sleep disorders in Italian children and adolescents. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in which parents of typically developing children and adolescents (1-18 years) completed an online survey available in Italy, gathering retrospective information focusing on sleep habits and disorders. RESULTS: Respondents were 4,321 typically developing individuals (48.6% females). Most of our sample did not meet the age-specific National Sleep Foundation recommendations for total sleep duration (31.9% of toddlers, 71.5% of preschoolers, 61.6% of school-age children, and 41.3% of adolescents). Napping was described in 92.6% of toddlers and in 35.2% of preschoolers. Regarding geographical differences, children and adolescents of northern Italy showed more frequent earlier bedtimes and rise times than their peers of central and southern Italy. The most frequently reported sleep disorder in our sample was restless sleep (35.6%), followed by difficulties falling asleep (16.8%), > 2 night awakenings (9.9%), and bruxism (9.6%). Data also suggest that longer screen time is associated with later bedtimes on weekdays in all age groups. CONCLUSIONS: The current study shows that Italian children are at risk of sleep disorders, particularly insufficient sleep, restless sleep, and difficulty falling asleep. The study also provides normative sleep data by age group in a large cohort of typically developing Italian children, emphasizing the importance of the developmentally, ecologically, and culturally based evaluation of sleep habits and disorders. CITATION: Breda M, Belli A, Esposito D, et al. Sleep habits and sleep disorders in Italian children and adolescents: a cross-sectional survey. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(4):659-672.

AimsCardiac conduction disease can lead to syncope, heart failure, and death. The only available therapy is pacemaker implantation, with no established prevention strategies. Research to identify modifiable risk factors has been scant.Methods and resultsData from the Cardiovascular Health Study, a population-based cohort study of adults ≥ 65 years with annual 12-lead electrocardiograms obtained over 10 years, were utilized to examine relationships between baseline characteristics, including lifestyle habits, and conduction disease. Of 5050 participants (mean age 73 ± 6 years; 52% women), prevalent conduction disease included 257 with first-degree atrioventricular block, 99 with left anterior fascicular block, 9 with left posterior fascicular block, 193 with right bundle branch block (BBB), 76 with left BBB, and 102 with intraventricular block at baseline. After multivariable adjustment, older age, male sex, a larger body mass index, hypertension, and coronary heart disease were associated with a higher prevalence of conduction disease, whereas White race and more physical activity were associated with a lower prevalence. Over a median follow-up on 7 (interquartile range 1-9) years, 1036 developed incident conduction disease. Older age, male sex, a larger BMI, and diabetes were each associated with incident conduction disease. Of lifestyle habits, more physical activity (hazard ratio 0.91, 95% confidence interval 0.84-0.98, P = 0.017) was associated with a reduced risk, while smoking and alcohol did not exhibit a significant association.ConclusionWhile some difficult to control comorbidities were associated with conduction disease as expected, a readily modifiable lifestyle factor, physical activity, was associated with a lower risk.

Background: Cold water swimming is growing in popularity, especially among women. We have previously reported that women felt that cold water swimming helps with their menstrual and menopause symptoms. But little is known about the habits of women who cold water swim. Objectives: To determine the habits of women who cold water swim. Design: This was a mixed-methods study. Methods: An online survey asked women who cold water swim about their experience of swimming and how this affected their menstrual and menopause symptoms. The survey was advertised for 2 months on social media, with a focus on advertising in cold water swimming Facebook groups. In this article, only the questions on the women's swimming habits were analyzed. Results: The analysis of 1114 women, mainly from the United Kingdom, revealed that most had been swimming for 1–5 years (79.5%). Most swim in the sea (64.4%), and only 15.5% swim alone. The majority (89.0%) swim all year around, swimming for mainly 30–60 min in the summer and 5–15 min in the winter. The women mostly swim wearing swimming costumes (skins) throughout the year. The majority of the free-text responses showed women found mental and physical benefits from cold water swimming. Conclusion: It was not surprising to learn that women swim for longer in the summer than the winter, but hearing how they feel cold water swimming helps their physical and mental health is important. With the limitations on access and safety of many wild swimming sites in the United Kingdom, it is time to ensure that cold water swimming is safer and more supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Joy is a central theme in Philippians. Joy is also a central emotional habit Paul deploys and encourages as a strategy for building community. In this paper, the examination of Philippians through recent developments in the neurocognitive study of emotions first illuminates how Paul cultivates emotional habits, like joy. Second, a neurocognitive approach to understanding emotions can explain how repeatedly choosing joy functions to alleviate suffering by restoring balance in the nervous system. Finally, shared emotional habits with the Philippian community, like shared somatic practices, build sustaining connections among the members. Intentional deployment of emotional practices, as Paul demonstrates and encourages in the Philippians, is a strategy for building the body of Christ. Such a neurocognitive understanding of emotional habits and bodily practices among community members in the Christ body points to a corporate experience of shared healing and neurocognitive resilience. Might we consider this somatic embodiment of shared emotions, what Paul calls "the same mind that is in Christ Jesus", also a participation in Christ's soteria (healing/salvation)? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Before we can make any choice, we must gather information from the environment about what our options are. This information-gathering process is critically mediated by attention, and our attention is, in turn, shaped by our previous experiences with—and learning about—stimuli and their consequences. In this review, we highlight studies demonstrating a rapid and automatic influence of reward learning on attentional capture and argue that these findings provide a human analog of sign-tracking behavior observed in nonhuman animals—wherein signals of reward gain incentive salience and become attractive targets for attention (and overt behavior) in their own right. We then consider the implications of this idea for understanding the drivers of cue-controlled behavior, with focus on addiction as a case in which choices with regard to reward-related stimuli can become injurious to health. We argue that motivated behavior in general—and addiction in particular—can be understood within a "biased competition" framework: Different options and outcomes compete for attentional priority as a function of top–down goals, bottom–up salience, and prior experience, and the winner of this competition becomes the target for subsequent outcome-directed and flexible behavior. Finally, we outline the implications of the biased-competition framework for cognitive, behavioral, and socioeconomic interventions for addiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: Background: Physicians usually have a high responsibility in caring for people. Many times, they encounter work-life imbalances that can impact both their personal health and the quality of medical services they provide. Objective: To evaluate the works and health habits of Thai physicians. Methods: Thai physicians who participated in the hospital's Corporate Social Responsibility "Save Doctors' Heart" project, conducted between February 14, 2022 and October 31, 2022, were invited to participate in the study. Data collected was personal data, work habits, including workplace, work hours, and health habits, including fiber in the diet, exercise, sense of well-being, history of health surveillance, and health coverage system. The characteristic features associated with their work and health habits were studied Results: The responses to each question varied among the 1,244 physicians who agreed to join the study. The median age was 45.0 years (IQR 39,56 years). Almost all (98.6%) were still active in medical practice, with >1 workplace in 14.7%. Nearly half (44.5%) worked >40 hours per week. Most reported a moderate to high fiber diet (80.8%), but only 29.7% exercised >3 days per week. Some degree of stress was revealed in 82.1%, being moderate to severe in 25.8%. The younger physicians with less exercise were significantly associated with moderate/severe stress. Only slightly more than half (53.0%) had a good sense of well-being. Nearly 30% had irregular health surveillance. The two most common reasons were unavailability/no time and having no symptoms. Conclusion: Thai participating physicians were still active professionally and had mixed health habits. Most consumed a moderate to high fiber diet and had regular health surveillance; however, with less exercise and some degree of stress. More than half were self-assessed to have a good sense of well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Driving stress is a multifaceted phenomenon, and the experience of driving invokes stress. Driving causes the activation of stress-response mechanisms, leading to short-term and long-term stress responses resulting in physiological and behavioral changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate driving stress-initiated effects on orofacial functions and health behaviors in the Riyadh population. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Riyadh using a pre-validated set of questionnaires for habitual information, a driving stress assessment using a driving-behavior inventory, and an assessment of parafunctional habits and effects on orofacial functions. The results indicate that nearly 50% of the sample spends more than two hours commuting, and more than 50% of the sample has inadequate sleep and insufficient exercise. Oral parafunctional habits like nail biting (p = 0.039) and lip or object biting (p = 0.029) had a significant correlation with aggressive driving behaviors, whereas the grinding of teeth (p = 0.011), the clenching of jaws (p = 0.048), lip or object biting (p = 0.018), and pain in mastication (p = 0.036) had a positive correlation with driving dislikes. Driving stress can be detrimental to one's health and not only impacts health behaviors but also induces oral parafunctional habits and adversely affects orofacial regions and functions. Acute driving stress responses may be transient. However, prolonged driving stress can be maladaptive and can increase the risk of chronic diseases including chronic temporomandibular joint disorders and parafunctional habit-related changes in the oral cavity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional health represents a significant burden on the mental health of university students. Adapting to a new learning environment and facing increased academic pressure make this period particularly vulnerable for their emotional health and well-being. The objective of the study was to analyse the prevalence of emotional and behavioural problems in university students and their association with lifestyle habits, and mental and physical health indicators. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 1268 students (23.65 ± 7.84 years) from a university in northern Spain during November 2020 and March 2021. An online questionnaire was administered, comprising the self-report Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire, the Trait Meta-Mood Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, the SENTIA-Brief Scale, the KIDMED questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, and the Compulsive Internet Use Scale. 27.60% of students exhibited some form of emotional and behavioural problem. Students who did not present emotional and behavioural problems showed lower perceived stress, reduced suicidal behaviour and emotional intelligence deficits, as well as lower alcohol consumption and compulsive internet use (p < 0.001). Additionally, they reported higher engagement in physical activity and greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p < 0.001). The study shows that emotional and behavioural problems are recurring among university students, and given that modifiable psychosocial and lifestyle factors are associated with these issues, it underscores the need to develop multidisciplinary intervention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the relationship between procrastination and declining healthy habits among adolescents, a topic lacking systematic reviews in the existing literature. The primary purpose is to lay the groundwork for promoting mental health and preventing procrastination as risky behavior. This systematic review examined five areas related to procrastination and its influence on healthy lifestyle habits in adolescents: technology and procrastination; sleep and procrastination; academic procrastination; and the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings highlight that technology misuse is linked with procrastination; adolescents tend to procrastinate when going to sleep; academic procrastination negatively impacts long-term educational achievements, and the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this phenomenon. Ultimately, it is concluded that procrastination is related to all these aspects and has detrimental effects on adolescents' physical and psychological development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Age- and situation-wise eating behavior is very progressive and dynamic, and to measure it using a single parameter is very difficult. Hence, this paper aims to take a broader perspective, such as psychological and socio-cultural aspects, to analyze the eating behavior within different age groups. This analysis with existing literature reveals cohesion between age-related changes and originating eating behaviors, highlighting the importance of psychological factors, such as emotions and people's thoughts along the life span. In addition, the review fascinates how socio-cultural perspectives, including family kinetics, peer influences, and societal norms and depiction of food, contribute to the embodiment of dietary preferences in various situations? By assimilating various findings from several disciplines, this review not only ameliorates our understanding of age- and situation-wise eating behavior but also determines the necessity for multifaceted interference and the deliberate degree of psychological and socio-cultural aspects for promoting healthy and salubrious dietary habits across the human lifespan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parental behaviors and attitudes are effective in health outcomes of children. Obesity among children has been found to be related with limited nutrition knowledge and unhealthy eating and habits. Therefore, this study identified the causes and factors associated with obesity among children and revealed their own routines from the perspective of mothers. Content analysis was used in the current qualitative research. Potential and eligible participants were selected by visiting four preschool centers in Sarab, Iran. The height and weight of 113 children aged 5–6 years were measured by standard scales, along with calculating their body mass index. The mothers of children at or above the 50th percentile were invited to appointments for interviews in the preschool centers. Then, 37 semi-structured face-to-face interviews were carried out with mothers and analyzed by two independent researchers manually. The factors associated with obesity in preschool children were categorized into four main themes, including insufficient physical activity, poor perception of body weight, unhealthy behavioral habits, and genetic factors. The mothers did not consider their children at risk of becoming overweight, as their perceived sensitivity was low. The results of this study can be supportive in designing family and parent-centered interventions to control obesity among children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the beginning of virtual communication, actors in the reading ecosystem have explored ways to share their readings; to build conversations or to create community with their peers. Existing literature has predominantly focused its attention on blog platforms and YouTube. To advance knowledge, this article focuses on understanding how, why, and in what way readers, institutions, and companies share, discuss, recommend, or sell books on Instagram and TikTok. This work presents the results of the content analysis of the 37 articles resulting from the framework carried out between January 11 and 15, 2024; The corpus has been expanded with the 66 documents from the systematic review of Sanz-Tejeda y Lluch (2024) carried out between June 1 and 23, 2022. In order to offer a more systematic and precise map, the results are organized around the topics of interest present in most of the research: the relationship of bookstagrammers and titktokers with bloggers and booktubers; the shared content, focusing the results on three relevant aspects: the use of tags, the books promoted and the audiovisual review; the form of the content, answering questions about the images used and the type of feelings they seek to build; the use made by professional and institutional administrators, mainly libraries, publishers and bookstores and the impact that celebrities such as Reese Witherspoon or Emma Watson have on these networks when they promote a book. After constructing this map, a roadmap for future research is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyse the habits of researchers and librarians when promoting their work through repositories and academic social networks in the fields of Information, Documentation and Communication. Repositories are also used for preservation and early publication (preprints) of journal articles. Methodology: A bibliographic review, an online survey, interviews with experts, and an analysis of the evolution of some repositories have been carried out. Results: Thematic repositories, which were widely used 20 years ago, are now facing competition from institutional repositories (IR) and academic social networks such as ResearchGate, Academia.edu and others. A continued decrease in the number of deposits in the e-LIS (Eprints in Library and Information Science) and MPRA (Munich Personal RePEc Archive) repositories has been observed in recent years, which seems to be due to the fact that many universities have published mandates that force professors to archive their work in their IR. Another important cause of the decrease in deposits is the greater availability of open access journals in recent years, which has made it less necessary to archive articles in repositories. Academic social networks, on the other hand, are perceived as more dynamic, allowing interaction with other authors, and not requiring the introduction of so much metadata to upload documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Introduction: Effective leadership propels teams from effectiveness to greatness and is accomplished when everyone achieves and contributes their full potential, or "voice." The Clinician Educators Program Teaching and Learning Curriculum fosters preceptor development using the Habits of Preceptors Rubric (HOP-R) to guide participants in finding their precepting "voice." After the HOP-R self-assessment, participants select a habit of focus (HOF) and craft a SMART (specific/measurable/achievable/relevant/time-bound) goal. This report describes a pilot rubric, SMART-EP (emotional intelligence(EI)/professionalism), exploring goal "SMARTness" alongside change (impact) in participants' perceived precepting capabilities. Methods: HOP-R self-ratings (2018–2020) and HOF/SMART goals (2019–2020) were retrospectively reviewed by two raters. Perceived preceptor capabilities were measured by analyzing the change in self-assessed habit level ratings between the first/fourth-quarter surveys. SMART goals were categorized by HOF and inclusion of SMART-EP components. Participants were guided in the inclusion of SMART, but not -EP, components. Results: In aggregate, 120 participants completed HOP-R surveys (2018–2020). Within-subject changes across all 11 habits were significant (P <.001). For the SMART-EP rubric analysis (2019–2020), 71 participants had an average "SMARTness" score of 3.92 (of 5) with corresponding interrater reliability of 0.91. Goals included 2.77 (of 4) EI traits and 1.72 (of 3) professionalism components. Discussion: The SMART-EP rubric provided insights into preceptor development opportunities among participants. Beyond SMART components, participants often included elements of EI and professionalism. Ratings confirm and support the consistency of the HOP-R as a tool to assess precepting habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes how fourth graders collaborate when working on an engineering project. Specifically, what are habits that fourth graders exhibit when working together successfully? Acting as a participant-researcher, I compared the habits of eight fourth-grade students (two groups) in a rural classroom by video-recording the students collaborating on an engineering project. The results showed that the biggest indicator of success was using inclusive language such as 'we' and 'ours.' This article emphasizes the difference between groups' use of the word "I" and the word "we." I then replicated these findings with a subsequent fourth-grade class. I suggest that we, as educators, can explicitly teach our students to use more inclusive language when collaborating. The inclusive language may help students be more successful when working on all kinds of projects, including science and engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper proposes a redefinition of successful teaching and learning within Australia's evolving educational system, framed by the context of global economic, societal, and environmental changes. It highlights the interconnectedness of these shifts with the Australian education system and introduces six essential habits of practice that can effectively prepare learners to navigate and shape their futures. To ensure the success of education in Australia, it is critical not only to respond to current challenges but also to equip students with the ability to make contributions to society, the economy, and the environment. The paper emphasises the importance of embedding these six habits into educational practices, which are critical for fostering the necessary skills, knowledge, and values in students. Furthermore, it discusses how the economic, social, and environmental contexts of Australia will demand specific capabilities from individuals, which can be nurtured through targeted educational practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Childhood obesity is a global public health concern. Development of effective public health interventions represents the only viable option for decreasing the prevalence of childhood obesity. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a school-based "PETICA—Play for Health" obesity prevention program in urban and rural areas in Croatia. Methods: This before-and-after study included 28 elementary schools in Croatia focused on pupils (n = 753, 2nd grade) and their guardians (n = 753) during the school year 2022/2023. "PETICA" multicomponent lessons and workshops (10) were implemented in the school curriculum and home settings (parents) as part of the intervention. Knowledge and lifestyle habit changes were evaluated via the questionnaire on knowledge and habits regarding nutrition and physical activity pre-/post-education. The Wilcoxon test for paired samples, Student's t-test (dependent and independent samples), multiple Mann Whitney U tests (p < 0.05), Spearman's correlation, and heatmaps were used. Results: The analysis showed a significant increase in acquired knowledge among pupils (both settings) and habits in the rural setting (increase in sports activities participation, breakfast, and vegetables consumption (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, p = 0.004)), decrease of sweets and salty snacks intake (p = 0.027, p = 0.011), and also, the link between parents' and children's physical activity levels (p = 0.028 vs. p = 0.022), emphasizing the importance of parents as healthy lifestyle role-models. Conclusion: The study shows that "PETICA" is an efficient school-based educational model that contributes to positive changes in children's knowledge and lifestyle habits that are a prerequisite for childhood obesity prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Educational Administration: Theory & Practice is the property of Educational Administration: Theory & Practice and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Fitness trackers are increasingly used by their wearers to monitor and optimise their exercise, health, and well-being. What is usually not considered is the role our interoceptive sense, the sense for inner-bodily processes, plays in the interpretation of body data and the formation of habits. By including neuroscientific research, perspectives from pragmatist philosophy, and science and technology studies into the analysis of self-tracking devices, this article will give a perspective on the scope and the effects of the involvement of the interoceptive sense in self-tracking practices. By offering a critical analysis of the contextualisation of experience through self-tracking devices, this article will argue that interoceptive awareness provides the context to make sense of body data. I propose here that paying greater attention to how interoception is involved in the mediation of bodily processes and activities through tracking devices can give novel insights into self-tracking as an embodied and affective practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Actions that are repetitive and being practiced automatically are called habits. Oral habits can be classified as normal or deleterious. Oral health education starts from footprints of awareness. Growing children require appropriate guidance for healthy growth and maintenance of their teeth, which makes the parent an active participant in the prevention and treatment of malocclusion and thus is majorly affected by their knowledge and attitude regarding various deleterious oral habits and habit breaking appliances. Aim To assess and compare awareness of deleterious oral habits and knowledge of habit breaking appliance, among parents at Alkharj Saudi Arabia. Methodology Study assessed awareness of deleterious oral habits and knowledge of habit breaking appliances among parents in Alkharj, Saudi Arabia. Results Conclusion Majority of the parents were aware of different deleterious oral habits but not aware of the dimensions of interventions like types of appliances, duration of use, etc. without knowing mentioned facts, in future which leads to development of malocclusion which probably requires orthodontic, surgical or prosthetic intervention correcting the outcomes of oral deleterious habits.

Introduction: Improvement of students’ academic performance is the main goal of educational centers, because the academic performance of individuals is the basis of their success at every juncture. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between study habits and academic achievement motivation in Qazvin dental students in 2022-2023. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive-analytical study that was performed on all dental students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. Data collection tool was three questionnaires, the first part contained demographic and background information including age, sex, marital status, semester and second part contained the PSSHI study habits questionnaire which was developed by Palesani and Sharma and included 45 questions. The third part contains Hermens questionnaire to measure the motivation of academic achievement. The validity of the questionnaires was obtained using experts’ opinions and its reliability was obtained using Cronbach’s alpha test. The collected data were entered into SPSS software version 26, then using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, etc.) and statistical analysis including independent t-test and ANOVA were analyzed. Results: The results of this study showed that the educational motivation of most students of Qazvin dental school was high which had no significant relationship with sex, age, marital status and term (p>0.05). There was a significant relationship between academic motivation and study habits of students (p˂0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the study habits of Qazvin dental students are moderately desirable, so it seems that students are not familiar enough with learning facilities and study skills. Therefore to enhance the study skills of students, teaching Workshops will be included in the curriculum. Keywords: Study; Habits; Academic; Motivation; Dentistry.

Mathematics achievement is core to South Africa’s readiness for digital innovation, yet current pass rates in this subject are below the global average. Simply attributing mathematics performance to intelligence does not fully account for the multifaceted reality of achievement in the subject. The current study investigated the value of both cognitive and behavioural factors in predicting mathematics performance, as well as explored the interactions between these factors. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed. Grade 9 learners (N = 187) completed the Ravens’ Standard Progressive Matrices and the Study Orientation towards Mathematics assessments to establish their fluid intelligence, study attitude, mathematics anxiety, study habits, problem-solving behaviours and study milieu. Pearson correlation coefficients established the relationships between fluid intelligence, study orientations towards mathematics, and mathematics marks. These factors were also included in a linear regression and dominance analysis to compare their relative weights in influencing mathematics performance. Study attitude and fluid intelligence were found to be the most dominant, significant factors in the model, which explained 39% of the total variance (R2 = 0.390, F(6, 180), = 19.2, p 0.001). Moderator regressions between fluid intelligence and each of the study orientations further found that fluid intelligence and study orientations, with the exception of study milieu, independently influence mathematics performance. Contribution: This study proposes that educators and parents should support curriculum change that encourages positive attitudes towards mathematics and create supportive environments conducive to effective learning, rather than blaming a lack of cognitive potential for the disappointing mathematics pass rate.

Objective: The purpose of this analysis was to explore adolescent and adult women's interest in public health messaging around bladder health and perceptions of its usefulness. Materials and Methods: Directed content analysis of focus group data from the Study of Habits, Attitudes, Realities, and Experiences, which explored adolescent and adult women's experiences, perceptions, beliefs, knowledge, and behaviors related to bladder health across the life course. This article reports an analysis of the "Public Health Messaging" code, which included participants' desire or need for information about bladder health and recommendations for appropriate priority audiences. Results: Forty-four focus groups were conducted with 360 participants organized into six age groups (11-93 years). There was consensus across age groups that more information about the bladder is wanted and needed throughout the life course, as there is currently a lack of reliable educational resources. Information on bladder health was seen as useful and important because it enables people to anticipate negative changes in bladder health and act to prevent these. Several priority audiences were identified based on their risk of developing symptoms, but participants also saw value in educating the general public regardless of risk status. They also recommended education for parents and teachers who are in positions to control bathroom access. Conclusions: Results indicate a uniform desire for information on women's bladder health and a need for more research to develop individual prevention strategies and public health messaging for women of all ages, as well as guidance for organizations with a role in supporting bladder health.