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Currently, the genus Arctia Schrank, 1802 includes approximately 16 species in the Palaearctic region, depending on the taxonomic interpretation. Here, populations of the Arctiavillica (Linnaeus, 1758) morphospecies complex were studied from Europe to the Middle East (Turkey, northern Iran) by molecular methods. Morphological treatment has traditionally revealed the presence of five nominal taxa: A.villica (Linnaeus, 1758), A.angelica (Boisduval, 1829), A.konewkaii (Freyer, 1831), A.marchandi de Freina, 1983, and A.confluens Romanoff, 1884. The molecular approach tests whether they represent well-delimited species. Subsequently, this study corroborates the suitability of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) marker sequence for species delimitation. In total, 55 barcodes of the Arctiavillica complex were compared, and two molecular species delimitation algorithms were applied to reveal the potential Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs), namely the distance-based Barcode Index Number (BIN) System, and the hierarchical clustering algorithm based on a pairwise genetic distances approach using the Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP). The applied ASAP distance-based species delimitation method for the analysed dataset revealed an interspecific threshold of 2.0-3.5% K2P distance as suitable for species identification purposes of the Iberian A.angelica and the Sicilian A.konewkaii and less than 2% for the three taxa of the A.villica clade: A.villica , A.confluens , and A.marchandi . This study contributes to a better understanding of the taxonomy of the genus Arctia and challenges future revision of this genus in Turkey, the Caucasus, Transcaucasia as well as northern Iran using standard molecular markers., (Antonio S. Ortiz, Rosa M. Rubio, Josef J. de Freina, Juan J. Guerrero, Manuel Garre, José Luis Yela.)

Background: Donacaulaniloticus (Zeller, 1867) is known from south-eastern Europe, Middle East and Turkey to Central Asia, northern India and China and widely distributed in North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Libya and Egypt)., New Information: Donacaulaniloticus (Zeller 1867) is recorded for the first time from the Iberian Peninsula and the first DNA barcode sequence is published and compared with other European and North American Donacaula species., (Juan J Guerrero, Manuel Pozas, Antonio S Ortiz.)

The rare and diurnal geometrid moth Athroolopha latimargo Rothschild, 1914 bona sp., stat. rev. is re-discovered and redescribed from the furthest point of the south of the Iberian Peninsula, for the first time since its original description as a subspecies of Athroolopha chrysitaria (Hübner, 1813) from North Africa. The range of this taxon is questioned. A mitochondrial COI barcode sequence was generated for the specimens and compared with Iberian and Sicilian Athroolopha species.

Swyer-James-MacLeod syndrome is a rare pulmonary disorder that is characterized radiologically by pulmonary lobar or multilobar hyperlucency produced by decreased pulmonary vascularization usually due to a previous infectious process. It is frequently a casual finding in recurrent pulmonary infections or in the study of asthma symptoms. We present the case of a 6-year-old patient who was diagnosed with Swyer-James-MacLeod syndrome after a persistent pneumoniae. A multidisciplinary approach was conducted, with a satisfactory progress up to date, combining medical treatment with respiratory physiotherapy., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work., (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)

Neonatal facial palsy is very uncommon and is generally diagnosed at birth. We present the first published case of neonatal facial palsy with identification of herpes simplex virus 1 in cerebrospinal fluid. A 35-day-old male was presented at the Emergency Department with mouth deviation to the left and impossibility of full closure of the right eye. There were no symptoms of infection or relevant medical history. Physical examination was compatible with peripheral facial palsy. Studies performed at admission were normal (blood count, biochemical analysis and coagulation blood tests and cerebrospinal fluid analysis). The patient was admitted on oral prednisolone and intravenous aciclovir. Cranial magnetic resonance was normal. Polymerase chain reaction test for herpes simplex virus 1 in cerebrospinal fluid was reported positive after 48 hours of admission. Patient followed good evolution and received prednisolone for 7 days and acyclovir for 21 days. At discharge, neurological examination was normal., (Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría.)