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Abstract Aim To explore the actual experience of training effect of Baduanjin on patients with hemiplegic limb dysfunctions after cerebral infarction through semistructured interviews and promote Baduanjin training application in clinical and community settings. Design This qualitative study was conducted using the conventional content analysis approach. Methods Twenty‐five patients with hemiplegic limb dysfunctions after cerebral infarction were recruited as participants by applying purposive sampling method between September 2017–December 2020 in the physical therapy department of a rehabilitation hospital affiliated with Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China. Semistructured interviews were conducted after patients participated in Baduanjin training for 6 weeks. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis method of Graneheim and Lundman. Results Three major themes were identified after analysis, namely improving functions of hemiplegic limbs, improving the condition of the entire body and the feelings of practice. The participants indicated that Baduanjin could improve the limb functions and general conditions of hemiplegic patients. Their experience in practicing Baduanjin was generally positive, and they were willing to continue practicing.

Research on silicon (Si) biogeochemistry and its beneficial effects for plants has received significant attention over several decades, but the reasons for the emergence of high-Si plants remain unclear. Here, we combine experimentation, field studies and analysis of existing databases to test the role of temperature on the expression and emergence of silicification in terrestrial plants. We first show that Si is beneficial for rice under high temperature (40 °C), but harmful under low temperature (0 °C), whilst a 2 °C increase results in a 37% increase in leaf Si concentrations. We then find that, globally, the average distribution temperature of high-Si plant clades is 1.2 °C higher than that of low-Si clades. Across China, leaf Si concentrations increase with temperature in high-Si plants (wheat and rice), but not in low-Si plants (weeping willow and winter jasmine). From an evolutionary perspective, 77% of high-Si families (>10 mg Si g−1 DW) originate during warming episodes, while 86% of low-Si families (<1 mg Si g−1 DW) originate during cooling episodes. On average, Earth's temperature during the emergence of high-Si families is 3 °C higher than that of low-Si families. Taken together, our evidence suggests that plant Si variation is closely related to global and long-term climate change. The evolutionary reasons for the variation in silicon concentrations across plant families remain unclear. This paper provides new evidence that silicon variation is closely linked to global and long-term climate change, suggesting temperature could have driven the evolution of plant silicification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The safe production of rice is linked to a range of critical needs such as regional food supplies, people's livelihoods, and human health. Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are two highly toxic elements, and As-Cd co-contamination in paddy soils is prevalent, posing significant food safety challenges. The biogeochemical contrasts of As and Cd complicate the management of their co-contamination in paddy soils. This review synthesized advances in understanding the distinct behaviors of As and Cd in rice paddies, along with synergistic strategies for reducing As and Cd bioavailability in the soil-rice system. The strategies included the use of synthetic soil amendments, optimizing water, fertilizer and cropping management practices, developing low As/Cd-accumulating rice cultivars through genome editing and mutation breeding, and combined measures. Finally, future research perspectives were provided to maintain sustainable rice production in As-Cd co-contaminated paddy soils. This review offers a comprehensive overview of both foundational insights into the behavior of As and Cd in paddy systems and practical applications for mitigating their co-contamination, ensuring safe rice production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of cerebral vascular disease treated by transplantations of the short⁃segment radial artery (RA) using the internal maxillary artery (IMA) as the feeding artery. Methods and Results The clinical data of 5 cases with cerebral vascular disease treated by IMA⁃RA⁃cerebral artery bypass (IMAB) from August 2018 to April 2021 in the First Hospital of China Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. There were 3 cases of dissecting aneurysms [one case of right middle cerebral artery (MCA) M2 segment, one case of left MCA M1 segment, one case of right posterior cerebral artery (PCA) P2 segment], and 2 cases of vertebral basilar artery ischemia [one case of bilateral vertebral artery (VA) occlusion, one case of severe basilar artery (BA) stenosis]. Two patients underwent the IMA⁃RA⁃M2 bypass, and 3 patients underwent the IMA⁃RA⁃P2 bypass. Intraoperative indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and Doppler ultrasonography confirmed patency of the RA in 4 cases and occluded RA in one case (the anastomosis of IMA⁃RA was opened, the intima of IMA was dissociated from the media, and RA was unobstructed after resuture). One patient developed basal ganglia infarction after the surgery. The RA blood flow was measured by ultrasound 123, 51, 77, 69 ml/min in 4 patients at one week after the surgery. One patient had a RA blood flow of 89 ml/min on 6 months after the surgery (69 ml/min on one week after the surgery), and one patient had a RA blood flow of 66 ml/min 26 months after the surgery (51 ml/min on one week after the surgery). One patient with dissociated M1 segment aneurysm with ischemic onset developed ischemic infarction in basal ganglia region after open aneurysm and bypass, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) increased by one point on one week after surgery. mRS score of 3 patients decreased by one point and one patient had no change; after 8-40 months of follow⁃up, all patients recovered well, with mRS score of 0 in 2 cases, one in 2 cases, and 2 in one case. Conclusions The IMAB can provide moderate flow of blood supply to brain tissue, and the RA has good patency and stable flow during long⁃term follow⁃up. This operation can be used to treat patients with cerebral vascular disease of choosy and reduce the risk of cerebral ischemia effectively.

Abstract Background Transcription factors (TFs) play central roles in regulating gene expression. With the rapid growth in the use of high-throughput sequencing methods, there is a need to develop a comprehensive data processing and analyzing framework for inferring influential TFs based on ChIP-seq/ATAC-seq datasets. Results Here, we introduce FindIT2 (Find Influential TFs and Targets), an R/Bioconductor package for annotating and processing high-throughput multi-omics data. FindIT2 supports a complete framework for annotating ChIP-seq/ATAC-seq peaks, identifying TF targets by the combination of ChIP-seq and RNA-seq datasets, and inferring influential TFs based on different types of data input. Moreover, benefited from the annotation framework based on Bioconductor, FindIT2 can be applied to any species with genomic annotations, which is particularly useful for the non-model species that are less well-studied. Conclusion FindIT2 provides a user-friendly and flexible framework to generate results at different levels according to the richness of the annotation information of user’s species. FindIT2 is compatible with all the operating systems and is released under Artistic-2.0 License. The source code and documents are freely available through Bioconductor ( https://bioconductor.org/packages/devel/bioc/html/FindIT2.html ).