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Human and animal vector-borne diseases, particularly mosquito-borne diseases, are emerging or re-emerging worldwide. Six Aedes invasive mosquito (AIM) species were introduced to Europe since the 1970s: Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Ae. japonicus, Ae. koreicus, Ae. atropalpus and Ae. triseriatus. Here, we report the results of AIMSurv2020, the first pan-European surveillance effort for AIMs. Implemented by 42 volunteer teams from 24 countries. And presented in the form of a dataset named “AIMSurv Aedes Invasive Mosquito species harmonized surveillance in Europe. AIM-COST Action. Project ID: CA17108”. AIMSurv2020 harmonizes field surveillance methodologies for sampling different AIMs life stages, frequency and minimum length of sampling period, and data reporting. Data include minimum requirements for sample types and recommended requirements for those teams with more resources. Data are published as a Darwin Core archive in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility- Spain, comprising a core file with 19,130 records (EventID) and an occurrences file with 19,743 records (OccurrenceID). AIM species recorded in AIMSurv2020 were Ae. albopictus, Ae. japonicus and Ae. koreicus, as well as native mosquito species. This study was funded by the Autonomous Province of Trento (Italy) under the project ‘Coordinated surveillance actions on invasive alien species and emerging vector borne diseases’; the City Health Office of the City of Zagreb, within the ‘Program for monitoring invasive mosquito species in the area of the City of Zagreb in 2020’; the Consejería de Economía e Infraestructura of the Junta de Extremadura and the European Regional Development Fund, a Way to Make Europe, through the research project IB16135; Dirección de Salud Pública (Gobierno Vasco), Project EU-LIFE 18 IPC/ES/000001 (Urban Klima 2050) y Programa Estatal de Vigilancia de mosquitos en puertos y Aeropuertos, del Ministerio de Sanidad (Gobierno de España); EMME-CARE project, which has been funded from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (grant agreement ID 856612); Institute of Zoology under the project EVOLANTER (project no. 20.80009.7007.02). RL is funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research of Germany (BMBF) under the project NEED (grant no. 01Kl2022); LIFE CONOPS project (LIFE12 ENV/GR/000466), funded by the European Commission in the framework of the program LIFE + Environment Policy and Governance; Municipalities of Slovenia: City Municipality of Nova Gorica, City Municipality of Koper, Municipality of Izola, Municipality of Piran and Municipality of Ankaran; National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH grant numbers KH-130379, PD-135143, FK-138563 and K-135841). The research activity of KK was supported by the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and by the ÚNKP-20-5-PTE-597 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology; Portuguese National Program for Vector Surveillance (REVIVE) and we are particularly grateful to the regional workgroup of Algarve for the monitoring activities; PR (19_ECO_0070) project ‘Aves y Enfermedades Infecciosas Emergentes: Impacto de las Especies Exóticas y Migratorias en la transmisión de Malaria aviar y el virus del Nilo Occidental – AvEIEs’ from ‘Ayudas Fundación BBVA a Equipos de Investigación Científica 2019’; project grant number 57 PCCDI/2018, grant agency ‘The Executive Unit for Financing Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation’ (UEFISCDI) Romania, ‘Collegium Talentum Programme’ of Hungary, Eötvös Loránd University’s ‘Homeland higher education study grant’; Slovak Research Agency VEGA nr. 2/0140/21; Vector Control Needs Assessment in Cyprus, contracted by the World Health Organization (reference 2020/1040069-0); Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia Regions (Regional Prevention Plans ‘Entomological Surveillance of vector-borne diseases’ in the Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia Regions); the Institute of Public Health, Albania under the program of mosquitoes control in urban and coastal areas.

Additional file 1:Phylogenetic analysis (neighbor-joining method) of 44 Culicoides specimens based on the COI DNA barcode sequence.

The diversity and abundance of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) were studied in three animal protection centres (APCs) in Northern Spain between 1 July and 31 October 2018. Four miniature suction CDC light traps (two UV and two standard incandescent bulb traps, both types baited and non-baited with CO2) were placed in each APC to compare their efficiency in the collection of these Diptera groups. A total of 1176 biting midges (14 species), 224 mosquitoes (8 species) and 1 black fly were collected and identified by both morphological and molecular approaches. The Culicoides obsoletus complex (C. obsoletus/C. scoticus) accounted for 58.2% of the total collection within the Ceratopogonidae family, whereas Culex pipiens/Cx. torrentium comprised 76.8% of the Culicidae. The input of CO2 in light traps proved largely ineffective in improving the collections of both Diptera groups. UV-light traps were 7.8 and 2.2 times more effective than incandescent light traps in trapping Culicoides and mosquitoes, respectively. Seasonal dynamics differed between both Diptera taxa but captures of both taxa were significantly larger at the beginning of the summer. The epidemiological relevance of the most prevalent species is also discussed. © 2020 The Royal Entomological Society &nbsp

In recent times, globalization has led to ever-shrinking boundaries between cultures. This phenomenon has had repercussions in the professional world, where financial, business and trade barriers have been disappearing in favour of a unified and diverse international market. As a result, companies are looking to recruit young talent not only with English proficiency, but also with the ability to function in cross-cultural work environments. This is where education plays a fundamental role, as there is a growing need to train students to develop intercultural communicative competence (ICC) in advanced stages of vocational education, as part of the English subject of their respective module. In response to this need arises this thesis, which incorporates a didactic proposal, whose methodology based on digital resources and communicative approaches tries to make students aware of the importance of ICC, developing it in class in a transversal way., En los últimos tiempos, la globalización ha hecho que las fronteras entre culturas se reduzcan cada vez más. Este fenómeno ha repercutido en el mundo profesional, donde las barreras financieras, de negocios y mercantiles han ido desapareciendo a favor de un mercado internacional unificado y diverso. Como resultado, las empresas buscan incorporar jóvenes talentos, no solo con competencia en inglés, sino con capacidad para desenvolverse en entornos laborales interculturales. Es aquí donde la educación juega un papel fundamental, en tanto que existe una necesidad creciente de formar estudiantes para que desarrollen competencia comunicativa intercultural (CCI) en etapas avanzadas de Formación Profesional, como parte de la asignatura de inglés de su respectivo módulo. Como respuesta a dicha necesidad surge este TFM, que incorpora una propuesta didáctica, cuya metodología, basada en recursos digitales y aspectos comunicativos, trata de concienciar a los alumnos sobre la importancia de la CCI, desarrollándola en el aula de inglés de manera transversal., Departamento de Didáctica de la Lengua y Literatura, Máster en Profesor de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanzas de Idiomas

28 p. -- Bibliogr.: p. 28 Este trabajo compara el personaje de Héctor de la Ilíada de Homero con la versión moderna del héroe que aparece en la película Troya de Wolfgang Petersen. El objetivo principal es identificar las estrategias que el director alemán sigue para recrear cinematográficamente la figura de Héctor, el héroe mítico de la guerra de Troya, y adaptarla al público del siglo XXI. El trabajo adopta dos enfoques: uno descriptivo y otro analítico-comparativo. Se describen las escenas de la película y los pasajes del poema estudiados para contextualizarlos; se analizan unas y otros; y finalmente, se ponen de manifiesto los paralelismos y las divergencias entre las dos formas del personaje, con el propósito de extraer conclusiones sobre la actualización cinematográfica del Héctor de W. Petersen. La investigación se centra en dos momentos significativos de la historia del Héctor homérico: por un lado, la presentación del personaje; y por otro, el reencuentro del héroe con los suyos, principalmente con su esposa Andrómaca, cuando regresa a Troya en el canto VI del poema. La presentación de Héctor se estudia en la primera parte del trabajo. Analizamos las primeras escenas en las que el personaje aparece o se habla de él, y a través de las cuales va revelándose su carácter. Examinamos la forma en que Homero presenta al personaje en la Ilíada en los cantos iniciales (I-V) y la forma en que lo hace Petersen en su película, observando los efectos que se derivan de una y otra. La actualización de Petersen se aprecia ya desde la primera aparición del personaje. La segunda parte del trabajo está dedicada al reencuentro de Héctor con los suyos en el canto VI y a la adaptación fílmica que se hace de este conocido pasaje en Troya. Petersen multiplica las escenas familiares para subrayar principalmente el lado humano del héroe y la relación amorosa con Andrómaca, dos rasgos importantes del nuevo Héctor. La tercera y última parte contiene las conclusiones principales del trabajo. La traducción de la Ilíada que se ha utilizado tanto para la lectura del poema como para las citas recogidas en el TFG es la de Emilio Crespo para la editorial Gredos. Finalmente, el análisis de Troya y los diálogos de las escenas, tanto en inglés como en español, que se mencionan, corresponden a la versión extendida de la película (2007). Esta versión incluye Extras y escenas adicionales respecto a la versión comercial estrenada en 2004.

Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are regarded as annoying biting pests and vectors of disease-causing agents to humans and other vertebrates worldwide. Factors that affect their distribution and host choice are not well understood. Here, we assessed the species abundance, community composition, and feeding patterns of mosquitoes in an urban-to-wild habitat gradient in northern Spain. Adult mosquitoes from four habitats (urban, periurban, rural, and wild) were collected by aspiration from mid-July to mid-September, 2019. Thirteen species were represented among the 268 specimens (132 females and 136 males) trapped, including six new records reported for the first time in the region. Culex pipiens was the most abundant species in all habitats except in the wild, where Culex territans was dominant. The highest mosquito diversity was recorded in the wild habitat [species richness (S) = 10 and Shannon/Margalef-Diversity Indices (H’/MI = 1.51/1.36)] and the lowest in the urban habitat (S = 3; H’/MI = 0.24/0.41). Blood-engorged specimens (n = 65) represented 49.2% of the total female collections. Eighty percent of the blood-meals (n = 52) were successfully identified based on cytochrome c oxidase I subunit (COI) DNA barcoding. Nine species of birds were identified in blood meals from the three ecological forms of Cx. pipiens (n = 48), Culiseta fumipennis (n = 3), and Culiseta morsitans (n = 1) collected along the four sampling habitats. Four dominant bird species were recorded in Cx. pipiens, i.e., Parus major (35.4%), Turdus merula (18.7%), Pica pica (18.7%), and Passer domesticus (10.4%). Despite the availability of dog and human hosts in the sampling sites located in the urban habitat, Cx. pipiens seemed to have a preference to feed on birds. Culiseta fumipennis blood-meal host records are reported for first time in Europe. These findings on mosquito blood-feeding preferences and habitat community changes will help to better understand vector-host associations and pathogen transmission paths. © Copyright © 2020 González, Prosser, Hernández-Triana, Alarcón-Elbal, Goiri, López, Ruiz-Arrondo, Hebert and García-Pérez.

[ES] La ERC puede considerarse como una de las enfermedades crónicas más olvidadas. Su evolución durante los últimos años, con un aumento considerable de la morbimortalidad debería considerarse alarmante. Además, deberíamos tener en cuenta el aumento de la prevalencia de ERC previsto a nivel mundial en los próximos años, especialmente en países emergentes como China, en los que se prevé un aumento de la prevalencia de los principales factores de riesgo de esta enfermedad. No debemos olvidar las limitaciones que suponen las variaciones entre los estudios de ERC. Estas variaciones pueden evitarse mejorando los métodos de cuantificación del filtrado glomerular y prestando atención a la los datos demográficos y epidemiológicos.

INTRODUCTION: Discarded vehicle tires represent a serious threat both to the environment and to public health as they have the potential to harbor important mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) vectors. OBJECTIVE: To assess the importance of used vehicle tires as larval habitats for mosquito fauna that colonize these artificial reservoirs in Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Used tires were sampled with pipettes at specialized tire fitting shops and scattered stockpiles of tires between June and August, 2018. RESULTS: We sampled 396 tires; 57 (Container Index=14.4%) were positive for immature stages and contained 2,400 specimens, 11 species, and four genera (Anopheles, Aedes, Culex, and Toxorhynchites). The most abundant species was Aedes albopictus (42.3%) followed by Aedes aegypti (34.3%), and Culex quinquefasciatus (14.0%) while other species (9.4%) were less abundant. The container index varied significantly among the different tire sizes (χ2=13.4; p≤0.05). The highest infestation levels were found in the largest tires. A low positive correlation (r=0.38, n=396; p≤0.001) between the tire size and the prevalence of immature stages was recorded. The presence of organic matter had an overall positive effect on the infestation levels (U=11,430.0; p≤0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These rubber residues, usually located nearby human populations, represent suitable breeding sites for arboviruses vectors such as dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and West Nile.