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271 results on '"Geiss, R"'

52. Suspected Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis After Exposure to a Biologic Forage Inoculant

Author

Lapp Nl, TK Hodous, Geiss R, and Mannino D

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Biopsy, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Bronchiolitis obliterans, Forage, Gastroenterology, Interstitial pneumonitis, Recurrence, Occupational Exposure, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Respiratory system, Glucocorticoids, Microbial inoculant, Lung function, Biological Products, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, Occupational Diseases, Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia, Prednisone, Agrochemicals, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, Chest radiograph, business, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic
Abstract

A 44-year-old farmer had respiratory symptoms and bibasilar pulmonary infiltrates after three exposures to a new biologic forage inoculant. Open lung biopsy revealed chronic interstitial pneumonitis and bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia. The patient responded to oral corticosteroids but acutely worsened after an inadvertent reexposure to the forage inoculant. He later recovered, with return of lung function and chest radiograph toward normal. This case suggests that biologic forage inoculants may be associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Published
1996
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53. Tallinn Manual on the International Law applicable to Cyber Warfare: prepared by the International Group of Experts at the Invitation of the NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence

Author

Schmitt, M., Booth, W.H., Demeyere, B., Heintschel von Heinegg, W., Michael, J.B., Wingfield, T., Jensen, E.T., Watts, S., Arimatsu, L., Bernatchez, G., Cumming, P., Geiß, R., Gill, T.D., Jinks, D., Kleffner, J., Melzer, N., Watkin, K., Geers, K., Ottis, R., and LACPO Prog 2009-2016 (ACIL, FdR)

Published
2013

54. Cyber warfare: applying the principle of distinction in an interconnected space

Author

Geiss, R. and Lahmann, H.

Subjects
ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS
Abstract

While the rules of the jus in bello are generally operative in cyberspace, it appears to be problematic to apply the fundamental principle of distinction because of the systemic interconnection of military and civilian infrastructure in the cyber realm. In this regard, the application of the accepted legal definition of military objectives will make various components of the civilian cyber infrastructure a legitimate military objective. In order to avoid serious repercussions for the civilian population that might follow from this inherent interconnectedness, different concepts are analysed that could provide potential solutions for a clearer separation of legitimate military targets and protected civilian installations and networks. The approaches discussed range from the exemption of central cyber infrastructure components that serve important civilian functions, to the creation of ‘digital safe havens’ and possible precautionary obligations regarding the segregation of military and civilian networks. As a solution, the authors propose a dynamic interpretation of the wording ‘damage to civilian objects’ within the principle of proportionality of Article 51(5)(b) of Additional Protocol I, an interpretation that would comprise the degradation of the functionality of systems that serve important civilian functions.

Published
2012

55. Enhancing Guided Second-Harmonic Light in Lithium Niobate Nanowires

Author

Sergeyev, A, Geiss, R, Solntsev, AS, Sukhorukov, AA, Schrempel, F, Pertsch, T, Grange, R, Sergeyev, A, Geiss, R, Solntsev, AS, Sukhorukov, AA, Schrempel, F, Pertsch, T, and Grange, R

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate practical approaches to enhance second-harmonic (SH) generation in individual lithium niobate nanowires (NWs) with a sub-micrometer cross-section and length up to tens of micrometers. We establish that parametric interactions of guided modes propagating along the NW determine the SH output power, which can be therefore controlled by the NW length. We show that the SH power is increased by about 84 times at wavelengths corresponding to modal phase-matching. Importantly, at non-phase-matched wavelengths the SH power can be improved by a factor of up to 9.3 by adjusting the NW length with a focused ion beam. We also characterize SH emission directionality, which can be further tailored for applications in integrated optical circuits and nonlinear microscopy.

Published
2015

64. Micromagnetics of magnetization reversal in amorphous Tb-Fe films by Lorentz microscopy.

Author

Lin, C.-J., Suit, J. C., and Geiss, R. H.

Subjects
MAGNETIZATION, MICROSCOPY, TERBIUM, IRON
Abstract

Presents the detailed micromagnetics of magnetization reversal in amorphous terbium-iron films by Lorentz microscopy. Nucleation and growth behavior of reverse domains; Method used to avoid the formation of oxidized surface layers; Types of magnetization reversal behavior.

Published
1988
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70. Multilayer and Functional Coatings on Carbon Nanotubes using Atomic Layer Deposition

Author

COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER DEPT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY, Herrman, C. F., Fabreguette, F. H., Finch, D. S., Geiss, R., George, S. M., COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER DEPT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY, Herrman, C. F., Fabreguette, F. H., Finch, D. S., Geiss, R., and George, S. M.

Abstract

Atomic layer deposition ALD can be used to deposit ultra-thin and conformal films on flat substrates, high aspect ratios structures and particles. In this paper, we demonstrate that insulating, multilayered and functionalized ALD coatings can also be deposited conformally on carbon nanotubes. Multilayered coatings consisting of alternating layers of dielectric and conductive materials, such as Al2O3 and W, respectively, are deposited on conductive multi-walled carbon nanotubes. This coated carbon nanotube can function as a nanoscale coaxial cable. Thin layers of Al2O3 ALD are also used as a seed layer to functionalize nanotubes. A carbon nanotube was made highly hydrophobic using an Al2O3 ALD seed layer followed by the attachment of perfluorinated molecules., Published in Applied Physics Letters, v87 p123110-1-123110-3, 2005.

Published
2005

96. Electric Current Induced Thermomechanical Fatigue Testing of Interconnects.

Author

Keller, R. R., Geiss, R. H., Cheng, Y. -W., and Read, D. T.

Subjects
*THERMAL stresses, *THERMOELASTICITY, *DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics), *ELECTRODIFFUSION, *PHYSICAL metallurgy, *RHEOLOGY
Abstract

We demonstrate the use of electrical methods for evaluating the thermomechanical fatigue properties of patterned aluminum and copper interconnects on silicon-based substrates. Through a careful selection of alternating current frequency and current density, we used controlled Joule heating to simulate in an accelerated manner the type of low frequency thermal stress cycles that an interconnect structure may undergo. Sources of such stressing may include power cycling, energy-saving modes, or application-specific fluctuations, as opposed to stressing at chip operating frequencies. The thermal stresses are caused by differences in thermal expansion properties between the metal and constraining substrate or passivation. Test conditions included a frequency of 100 Hz and current density of 11 – 16 MA/cm2, which led to a cyclic temperature amplitude of approximately 100 K, and corresponding cyclic stress amplitude in excess of 100 MPa for Al-1Si and Cu lines on oxidized silicon. The failure mechanism differs from that observed in direct current electromigration studies, and involves formation of localized plasticity, which causes topography changes on the less-constrained surfaces of the interconnect. Open circuit eventually took place by melting at a region of severely reduced cross-sectional area. In these studies, both Al-1Si and Cu responded to power cycling by deforming in a manner that was highly dependent upon variations in grain size and orientation. Isolated patches of damage appeared early within the confines of individual grains or clusters of grains, as determined by automated electron backscatter diffraction. With increased cycling or with increased current density, the extent of damage became more severe and widespread. We discuss the utility of electrical methods for accelerated testing of mechanical reliability. © 2005 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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