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Background Community-based clinical teaching is of vital importance in the training of medical undergraduates, but high level of effectiveness of teaching is difficult to be guaranteed at present. So it is essential to establish a scientific and effective system for assessing the effectiveness of community-based clinical teaching for medical undergraduates. Objective To develop an effectiveness assessment system of community-based clinical teaching for medical undergraduates, providing support for assessing the effectiveness of community-based clinical teaching in these undergraduates. Methods The item pool for the system used for assessing the effectiveness of community-based clinical teaching in medical undergraduates was developed on the basis of reviewing relevant literature and assessment tools, and was drawn up by group discussions. Then the items were improved according to two rounds of Delphi consultation with a purposive sample of 32 relevant experts from June 2019 to April 2020, and used to develop the Effectiveness Assessment System of Community-based Clinical Teaching for Medical Undergraduates (EASCCTMU) . The Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to calculate the weight of each indicator. Results The response rate was 100.0% for both rounds of consultation. The authoritative coefficients for the first and second rounds of consultation were 0.87 and 0.88, respectively. The Kendall's coefficient of concordance for the first and second rounds of consultation were 0.65 and 0.61, respectively (P

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 can lead to chronic lung damage and respiratory issues, potentially increasing surgical difficulty and risk for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the impacts of a COVID-19 history on early outcomes in NSCLC patients remain controversial. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of COVID-19 history on early outcomes in NSCLC patients and identify high-risk groups undergoing radical resection based on the largest Chinese multi-center real-world data to date. Design: Multi-center retrospective cohort study. Methods: NSCLC patients with (POCVD group) or without (NCVD group) a history of COVID-19 who underwent radical surgery at six institutions from January 2022 to January 2024 were retrospectively reviewed from a prospectively maintained database. Propensity-score matching (PSM) was utilized to minimize patient selection bias. Results: Out of 7932 cases included, PSM resulted in 3021 cases per group. The two groups were comparable regarding the proportion of male patients (52.0% vs 51.6%) and those aged ⩾70 years (13.3% vs 13.8%). Although the two groups had comparable incidences of complications with Clavien-Dindo grades ⩾II (13.0% vs 14.4%, p = 0.117), the POCVD group had longer surgical durations (120.87 ± 40.23 min vs 110.74 ± 38.76 min, mean difference (95% confidence interval (CI) = 10.13 (8.138–12.122)) and higher rates of respiratory complications than the NCVD group. Subgroup logistic regression analysis indicated that patients aged ⩾70 years (odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) = 1.322 (1.022–1.876)) and those with a smoking history (OR (95% CI) = 1.235 (1.008–1.543)) had an increased risk of developing complications with Clavien-Dindo grades ⩾II. Further analysis confirmed that these high-risk patients experienced extended surgical durations, longer chest tube drainage, and prolonged postoperative hospital stay, along with increased postoperative respiratory complications following COVID-19. Conclusion: Generally, radical resection is safe for NSCLC patients with a COVID-19 history. However, these patients experienced prolonged surgical durations and a higher incidence of postoperative respiratory complications compared to those without a COVID-19 history. In addition, individuals aged ⩾70 years or with a smoking history faced elevated surgical risks following COVID-19. Plain language summary: Analyzing the impact of COVID-19 history on early outcomes and identifying high-risk groups among non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing radical resection Aim and Purpose Research Question: Does a COVID-19 history affect the early outcomes of radical surgery (lobectomy/bi-lobectomy/pneumectomy) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)? Hypothesis: Patients with a COVID-19 history face elevated surgical risks compared to those without. Objective: To understand how past COVID-19 infection impacts early outcomes in NSCLC patients undergoing surgery and to identify high-risk groups. Background Why This Study: COVID-19 can cause long-term lung damage, making surgery riskier for NSCLC. However, it's unclear how past COVID-19 infection affects NSCLC patients receiving surgery. Importance: The research helps to understand the additional risks for NSCLC patients with a COVID-19 history based on the largest cohort to date, aiming to improve their surgical outcomes. Method and Design Research Design: Multi-center retrospective cohort study. Methods and Participants: 7932 NSCLC patients undergoing radical surgery between January 2022 and January 2024 were included and divided into two groups: those with a COVID-19 history (POCVD group) and those without (NCVD group). Result and Importance Findings: 1. The POCVD group had longer surgical durations and higher rates of respiratory complications compared to the NCVD group. 2. The POCVD and NCVD groups were associated with a comparable incidence of postoperative complications with Clavien-Dindo grades ⩾II. 3. The elderly (aged ⩾70 years) and smokers were at higher risk for complications post-COVID-19. Implications: While surgery is generally safe for NSCLC patients with a COVID-19 history, they do face increased risks and complications. This highlights the need for special care and monitoring for older patients and those with smoking histories. Key Message: NSCLC patients with a COVID-19 history can safely undergo radical surgery, but they may experience longer surgical durations and more postoperative respiratory complications, especially the elderly and smokers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial blight (BB) of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae (Xoo) is a serious global rice disease. Due to increasing bactericide resistance, developing new inhibitors is urgent. Drug repositioning offers a potential strategy to address this issue. In this study, we integrated transcriptional data into a genome-scale metabolic model (GSMM) to screen novel anti-Xoo targets. Two RNA-seq datasets (before and after bismerthiazol treatment) were used to constrain the GSMM and simulate metabolic processes. Metabolic fluxes were calculated using parsimonious flux balance analysis (pFBA) identifying reactions with significant changes for target screening. Glutathione oxidoreductase (GSR) was selected as a potential anti-Xoo target and validated through antibacterial experiments. Virtual screening based on the target identified DB12411 as a lead compound with the potential for new antibacterial agents. This approach demonstrates that integrating metabolic networks and transcriptional data can aid in both understanding antibacterial mechanisms and discovering novel drug targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The data presented in this data article are related to the research article entitled "Mesoporous activated carbon materials with ultrahigh mesopore volume and effective specific surface area for high performance supercapacitors" (Lu et al., 2017) [1]. The detailed structure data of the prepared mesoporous activated carbon materials with ultrahigh mesopore volume and effective specific surface area and the electrochemical performance data of the corresponding supercapacitors are described.

Background and purposeCardiovascular disease associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) has become a major clinical challenge for HIV-positive patients. However, the role of ART in blood vessel growth is largely unknown. Here, we examined an integral component of ART, nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and investigated their effects on key microvascular functions, including angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.Experimental approachThe angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis capability of endothelial cells (ECs) was evaluated using migration, proliferation and tube formation assays in vitro, and mouse ear and Matrigel plug assays in vivo. Expressions of signalling molecules and mitochondrial antioxidant catalases were determined using Western blotting. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) internalization and endocytosis were examined using flow cytometry and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy respectively. Mitochondrial DNA copy number and ROS were determined using quantitative real-time PCR and MitoSOX staining respectively.Key resultsPharmaceutical doses of NRTIs [azidothymidine (AZT), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and lamivudine (3TC)] inhibited angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis both in vivo and in vitro by affecting the proliferation and migration of ECs. Correspondingly, NRTIs selectively attenuated the activation and transduction of endothelial RTK signals, VEGFR2 and FGFR1 pathways, in vascular ECs and the VEGFR3 pathway in lymphatic ECs. Both TDF and 3TC restrained RTKs' endocytosis into early endosomes but not internalization, while AZT blocked the protein maturation of RTKs. Excessive ROS levels were detected in NRTI-treated ECs, and the MnSOD mimic MnTMPyP alleviated the angiogenic/lymphangiogenic defects induced by NRTIs.Conclusions and implicationsNRTIs negatively regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis by inducing mitochondrial oxidative stress and subsequently impairing RTK signalling in ECs.Linked articlesThis article is part of a themed section on Spotlight on Small Molecules in Cardiovascular Diseases. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.8/issuetoc.