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Copyright of Ergoscience is the property of Schulz-Kirchner Verlag Gmbh and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Collegium Antropologicum is the property of Croatian Anthropological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[17‐2H2]GA20‐13‐O‐[6′‐2H2]glucoside was synthesized and applied to seedlings of Phaseolus coccineus L. After incubation for 72 h the conjugate metabolites were purified and shown by LC‐ESI‐tandem‐MS and GC‐MS to be [17‐2H2]GA1‐13‐O‐[6′‐2H2]glucoside and [17‐2H2]GA29‐13‐O‐[6′‐2H2]glucoside. This is the first evidence for the conversion of intact GA‐O‐glucosides, and represents an additional metabolic pathway of the gibberellin metabolism in P. coccineus L. The results indicate that intact GA‐O‐glucosides are accepted by 2‐ and 3‐oxidases in the plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relative DNA levels of different developmental stages of Babesia bigemina and B. canis were measured by cytophotometry using the fluorochrome Hoechst 33258 as a staining dye. The DNA measurements provided direct proof of sexual reproduction, i.e., fusion of gametes resulting in the formation of zygotes followed by a meiotic division. Both Babesia species are considered to be typical members of the genus Babesia; however, the DNA measurements revealed important differences in the life cycle of these parasites, indicating that Babesia species are not characterized by a life cycle, which is specific for this genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been suggested that certain viruses such as human papillomaviruses (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) might have a role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, results of the published studies are controversial and are dependent on the geographic distribution and methods of sampling and sample analysis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV 16 and EBV in OSCC patients. In 24 patients with OSCC (mean age 59.6 +/- 8.8) and 30 controls (mean age 49.1 +/- 8.3), 5 mL of blood was collected to determine the prevalence of EBV by serologic methods. In addition, swabs were obtained to analyze the presence of HPV 16 and EBV by use of polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis was performed by use of Mann-Whitney test, chi2-test and Spearman correlation test. The results of this study showed that there were no significant differences between OSCC patients and control subjects according to the presence of EBV or HPV 16. Therefore, it can be concluded that the role of the aforementioned viruses is less likely in our population of OSCC patients.

Purpose of this study was to compare the effects of combined therapy using nonsteroid anti-inflammatory analgetics and corticosteroids, and the effects of the mono-therapy with same drugs for post-operative pain after surgical removal of the impacted mandibular third molar. The study was completed at the Department of Oral Surgery and at the Department of Dental Medicine of the Public Institute Health Center Zenica in Zenica. The research included 60 patients divided into 3 groups using random selection, including both sexes. Age range was between 18 and 45 years. All participants came without any pain or other inflammatory symptoms at the time of oral surgical intervention. Two medicaments were prescribed after the impacted tooth removal: 15 mg of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory analgesic drug (Meloxicam, Bosnalijek, BiH) and 32 mg Methylprednisolone (corticosteroid, Bosnalijek, BiH). Both medicaments were applied per os, according to schedule determined by the research protocol. The level of post-surgical pain was evaluated by the 1-10 visual analog scale (VAS). One way ANOVA was made with Tuckey post-hoc tests. Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between the group treated with mono therapy and the group treated with combined therapy. Application of monotherapy using only corticosteroids or only nonsteroid anti-inflammatory pain-killers was less effective compared to the combined therapy with both medicaments after surgical removal of the impacted mandibular third molar.

Four derivatives of betulin containing a D-glucopyranosyl moiety at C3 position were synthesized and characterized by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. The crystal structure of 28-O-acetylbetulin-3-yl-beta-D-(2',3',4',6'-tetra-O-acetyl)glucopyranoside was determined. The compounds were tested against fifteen tumor cell lines of different histogenic origins. The alpha- and beta-anomers of 28-O-acetylbetulin-3-yl-D-glucopyranoside, exerted a dose dependent antiproliferative action towards the tumor cell lines. Treatment of HCT-116 cells for 24h induced apoptosis, which was confirmed by the appearance of a typical ladder pattern in the DNA fragmentation assay and cell cycle analysis. The alpha- and beta-anomers of 28-O-acetylbetulin-3-yl-D-glucopyranoside seem to induce apoptosis by activation of different upstream caspases on colon cancer HCT-116 cell line., (2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)

During World War II, psychiatric patients hospitalized in asylums in Eastern Prussia became victims of two separate killing programmes: first, by the SS-special command Lange, second by the centrally (in Berlin) organized "euthanasia"-"Aktion T4". By an analysis of the patient files of the victims, the present paper shows that the historical actors responsible for the killings were communicating with each other. It is now also possible to reconstruct the exact dynamic in time and space of the killings. A comparative analysis of the selection criteria within the total population of the asylums documents that in both programs, the responsible historical actors included physicians and provincial administrative personnel; it further shows that under the conditions of war, only patients who were able to contribute to the asylum work and economy, and were behaviourally adapted could survive.