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In 6 patients with pre-eclampsia, 4 with convulsive eclampsia and 5 chorionic gonadotropin hyperemesis gravidarum were measured in blood serum using prepubertal female rats according to the method of Frank-Berman. The findings are compared with averages normal limits and equal gestational age. In 4 cases the sample was obtained in the post-partum from the second to the fourth day postpartum maximum. In all gonadotropins were dosables; a) persist even extremely low in February (500 us positive r, r refusal to 1,000 US)....; b) within normal limits term gestation (2,000 US r positive, negative to 3,000) on the second day postpartum in a case of convulsive eclampsia in a twin pregnancy and..; c) above normal limits in a case of pre-eclampsia on the fourth day postpartum (3.500 to 4.000 pcs. r.) in a multiparous, 11th gestation repeated previous history of hyperemesis in pregnancy. In other cases the sample was obtained before birth except for a case that we include in this group given the short time since the birth when removed 12 shows (3 hrs. 45 's.). In a case of convulsive eclampsia marginalized figure the upper limits of normal and in another was within normal limits. Three cases of pre-eclampsia had higher values than normal (including the one that gave birth 3 hrs. 45 's. Above) and fourth marginalized the upper limits of normal. Of the 5 cases of hyperemesis gravidarum, a four months pregnant gave higher than normal (more than 5,000 rs. H.) Figures. Another 5 were around the second month of pregnancy, of which 1 gave a figure within the upper limits of 10 regular (positive 30,000 to negative 35,000 pcs. R.) And the other 3 were within normal limits (positive 20,000, 30,000 Negative us. r.). En 6 pacientes con pre-eclampsia, 4 con eclampsia convulsiva y 5 con hiperemesis gravídica se dosó las gonadotrofinas coriónicas en el suero sanguíneo utilizando ratas hembras prepúberes según el método de Frank-Berman. Los hallazgos obtenidos se comparan con los límites y promedios normales para igual edad de gestación. En 4 casos la muestra fue obtenida en el post-partum desde el segundo hasta el cuarto día de puerperio como máximo. En todos ellos las gonadotrofinas fueron dosables; a) persistiendo aunque sumamente bajas en 2 (positiva a 500 us. r., negativa a 1,000 us. r.); b) dentro de los límites normales de la gestación a término (positivo a 2,000 us. r., negativo a 3,000) en el segundo día de puerperio en un caso de eclampsia convulsiva en una gestación gemelar y; c) sobre los límites normales en un caso de pre-eclampsia en el cuarto día del puerperio (3,500 a 4,000 us. r.) en una gran multípara, 11° gestación con reiterados antecedentes de hiperemesis en gestación anteriores. En los casos restantes la muestra fue obtenida antes del parto con excepción de un caso que lo incluimos en este grupo dada la brevedad del tiempo transcurrido desde el parto al extraerse 12 muestra (3 hrs. 45' s.). En un caso de eclampsia convulsiva la cifra marginó los límites superiores de la normalidad y en otro estuvo dentro de los límites normales. Tres casos de pre-eclampsia dieron valores superiores a lo normal (incluyendo el que dio a luz 3 hrs. 45 's. antes) y un cuarto marginó los límites superiores de la normalidad. De los 5 casos de hiperemesis gravídica, uno de cuatro meses de gestación dio cifras superiores a lo normal (más de 5,000 rs. h.). Otros 5 estaban alrededor del segundo mes de gestación, de los cuales 1 dio una cifra dentro de los límites superiores de 10 normal (positivo a 30,000, negativo a 35,000 us. r.) y los otros 3 estuvieron dentro de los límites normales (positivo a 20,000, negativo a 30,000 us. r.).

Here, we report and investigate the genomic alterations of two novel cases of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) in children with Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS), a multisystem disorder caused by 7q11.23 hemizygous deletion. Additionally, we report the case of a child with NHL and a somatic 7q11.23 deletion. Although the WBS critical region has not yet been identified as a susceptibility locus in NHL, it harbors a number of genes involved in DNA repair. The high proportion of pediatric NHL reported in WBS is intriguing. Therefore, the role of haploinsufficiency of genes located at 7q11.23 in lymphomagenesis deserves to be investigated. © 2014 Shi et al.

While the thymus is known to be essential for the initial production of T cells during early life, its contribution to immune development remains a matter of debate. In fact, during cardiac surgery in newborns, the thymus is completely resected to enable better access to the heart to correct congenital heart defects, suggesting that it may be dispensable during childhood and adulthood. Here, we show that young adults thymectomized during early childhood exhibit an altered T cell compartment. Specifically, absolute CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts were decreased, and these T cell populations showed substantial loss of naive cells and accumulation of oligoclonal memory cells. A subgroup of these young patients (22 years old) exhibited a particularly altered T cell profile that is usually seen in elderly individuals (more than 75 years old). This condition was directly related to CMV infection and the induction of strong CMV-specific T cell responses, which may exhaust the naive T cell pool in the absence of adequate T cell renewal from the thymus. Together, these marked immunological alterations are reminiscent of the immune risk phenotype, which is defined by a cluster of immune markers predictive of increased mortality in the elderly. Overall, our data highlight the importance of the thymus in maintaining the integrity of T cell immunity during adult life.

A major problem after clinical hematopoietic stem cell transplantations is poor T-cell reconstitution. Studying the mechanisms underlying this concern is hampered, because experimental transplantation of human stem and progenitor cells into nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice usually results in low T-lymphocyte reconstitution. Because tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) has been proposed to play a role in T-lineage commitment and differentiation in vitro, we investigated its potential to augment human T-cell development in vivo. Administration of TNF to irradiated NOD/SCID mice before transplantation of human mononuclear cells from either cord blood or adult GCSF-mobilized peripheral blood (MPBL) led 2-3 weeks after transplantation to the emergence of human immature CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive T-cells in the bone marrow (BM), spleen, and thymus, and in this organ, the human cells also express CD1a marker. One to 2 weeks later, single-positive CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells expressing heterogenous T-cell receptor alphabeta were detected in all three organs. These cells were also capable of migrating through the blood circulation. Interestingly, human T-cell development in these mice was associated with a significant reduction in immature lymphoid human CD19(+) B cells and natural killer progenitors in the murine BM. The human T cells were mostly derived from the transplanted immature CD34(+) cells. This study demonstrates the potential of TNF to rapidly augment human T lymphopoiesis in vivo and also provides clinically relevant evidence for this process with adult MPBL progenitors.