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Introducción: En la actualidad la enfermedad del Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) trajo un abrumador impacto en los sistemas y el personal hospitalario, por lo que, en atención al bienestar de los profesionales de la salud en todo el mundo se ha vuelto imperativo apoyar y monitorear adecuadamente los casos encontrados, ya que la situación del COVID-19 generó en la mayoría de los profesionales de la salud un fuerte impacto psicológico como resultado del estrés y la frustración del día a día y de las extenuantes jornadas laborales. Objetivo: El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo conocer la prevalencia de Síndrome de Burnout en el personal sanitario que labora en un hospital de segundo nivel de Loja – Ecuador, durante la pandemia por Covid19, mediante la aplicación de la escala Maslach Burnout Inventory. Para el cumplimiento de éste, Métodos: se empleó el método de investigación de tipo descriptivo, cuantitativo; el instrumento fue aplicado a 55 profesionales sanitarios que laboran en las áreas de emergencia y UCI. Resultados: Como resultado de la investigación se determinó que el 9,1% del personal encuestado padece de Burnout grave, la dimensión del SB con mayor incidencia fue el cansancio emocional, seguido de la despersonalización, finalmente se estableció que las mujeres son las más afectadas por esta enfermedad

Lymphangiectasias are lymphatic malformations characterized by the abnormal dilation and morphology of the lymphatic channels. The classification and treatment of these disorders can be challenging given the limited amount of literature available in children. Various imaging modalities are used to confirm suspected diagnosis, plan the most appropriate treatment, and estimate a prognosis. Prenatal evaluation is performed using both prenatal US imaging and fetal MRI. These modalities are paramount for appropriate parental counseling and planning of perinatal care. During the neonatal period, chest US imaging is a useful modality to evaluate pulmonary lymphangiectasia because other modalities such as conventional radiography and CT display nonspecific findings. Finally, the recent breakthroughs in lymphatic imaging with MRI have allowed us to better classify lymphatic disorders. Dynamic contrast-enhanced lymphangiography, conventional lymphangiography and percutaneous lymphatic procedures offer static and dynamic evaluation of the central conducting lymphatics in children, with excellent spatial resolution and the possibility to provide treatment. The purpose of this review is to discuss the normal and abnormal development of the fetal lymphatic system and how to best depict it by imaging during the prenatal and postnatal life.

La neuropatía periférica es una complicación presente en menos del 5 % de los casos de intoxicación por monóxido de carbono. El presente artículo describe las características clíni- cas de tres pacientes que acudieron con síntomas de lesión de nervio periférico tras estar expuestos a un incendio. Las variaciones clínicas incluyeron debilidad de miembros inferiores, parestesias y dolor tipo ardor. Se usaron estudios de electrodiagnóstico a los 14 días del evento, los cuales mostraron cambios no específicos. Al año del evento, uno de los pacientes confirmó lesión desmielinizante y axonal de nervio periférico. La presencia de signos y síntomas en conjunto con el antecedente de inhalación de humo, establecen el nexo etiológico con la intoxicación por monóxido de carbono. Este caso demuestra la importancia de considerar la intoxicación por monóxido de carbono como causa de neuropatía periférica. El diagnóstico debe fundamentarse en una historia clínica completa y puede apoyarse de electrodiagnóstico.

Neonatal chylothorax (NCTx) and central lymphatic flow disorder (CLFD) are historically challenging neonatal disorders with high morbidity and mortality. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 35 neonates with pulmonary lymphatic abnormalities at our institution who underwent lymphatic evaluation between December 2015 and September 2018. Patients with only pulmonary lymphatic perfusion syndrome were classified as NCTx and those with multiple flow abnormalities were classified as CLFD. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were compared using t-tests/Wilcoxon rank sum tests and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS All 35 patients had intranodal MR lymphangiography and 14 (40%) also had conventional fluoroscopic lymphangiography. Fifteen (42.8%) patients were diagnosed with NCTx and 20 (57.1%) were diagnosed with CLFD. Thirty-four (97.1%) patients had pleural effusions. None of the NCTx group had ascites, anasarca, or dermal backflow compared to 17 (85%) (p

La investigación en biodiversidad y conservación en México ha avanzado en gran medida porque están vinculadas a la existencia de estaciones biológicas, reservas de la biosfera o áreas naturales protegidas. El Centro de Investigaciones Costeras La Mancha (CICOLMA) es una de las estaciones pioneras del país en la investigación de ecosistemas costeros, sin embargo, los estudios sobre la fauna de escarabajos en esta área han sido mínimos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue documentar la fauna de Scarabaeoidea presente en el CICOLMA de abril de 2003 a marzo de 2004, donde se realizaron colectas de escarabajos con técnicas directas e indirectas. Se obtuvo una muestra de 865 individuos de Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, de las familias Cetoniidae, Melolonthidae, Passalidae, Scarabaeidae y Trogidae, que representan 66 especies de 41 géneros. Las especies Cotinis pauperula Burmeister, 1847, Euetheola bidentata (Burmeister, 1847), Paranomala flavilla (Bates, 1888) y Pelidnota virescens Burmeister, 1844, representan nuevos registros para el estado de Veracruz. Se incluye una clave dicotómica para separar las especies de Scarabaeoidea de la región y datos sobre su fenología.

To report on our initial experience with intramesenteric (IM) dynamic contrast magnetic resonance lymphangiography (DCMRL) for evaluation of the lymphatics in patients with concern for mesenteric lymphatic flow disorders and to compare IM-DCMRL with intrahepatic (IH) and intranodal (IN) DCMRL. This is a retrospective review of imaging findings in 15 consecutive patients who presented with protein losing enteropathy (PLE) and/or ascites undergoing IM-DCMRL, IH-DCMRL, and IN-DCMRL. The IM-DCMRL technique involves the injection of a gadolinium contrast agent into the mesenteric lymphatic ducts or lymph nodes followed by imaging of the abdomen and chest with dynamic time-resolved MR lymphangiography. IM-DCMRL was successfully performed in 14/15 (93%) of the patients. When comparing IN-DCMRL with IM-DCMRL, there was a significant difference in the visualization of dermal backflow (p = 0.014), duodenal perfusion (p = 0.003), duodenal leak (p = 0.014), and peritoneal leak (p = 0.003). IM-DCMRL demonstrated peritoneal leak in 7 patients in contrast to IH-DCMRL which demonstrated leak in 4 patients and IN-DCMRL which did not demonstrate any peritoneal leaks. Duodenal leaks were seen by IH-DCMRL in 9 patients versus 5 with IM-DCMRL and none with IN-DCMRL. In one patient with congenital PLE, the three modalities showed different disconnected flow patterns with duodenal leak only seen by IM-DCMRL. There were no short-term complications from the procedures. IM-DCMRL is a feasible imaging technique for evaluation of the mesenteric lymphatics. In certain mesenteric lymphatic flow abnormalities, such as PLE and ascites, this imaging may be helpful for diagnosis and the planning of interventions and warrants further studies. • Intramesenteric dynamic contrast magnetic resonance lymphangiography (IM-DCMRL) is a new imaging technique to evaluate mesenteric lymphatic flow disorders such as ascites. • IM-DCMRL is able to image lymphatic leaks in patients with ascites and protein losing enteropathy not seen with intranodal (IN-DCMRL) imaging.

Los Estados surgieron por la decisión exclusiva de las clases dominantes con la finalidad de legitimar y consolidar su poder, el mismo que en sus inicios no tuvo límites, degenerándose por los excesos. En este punto de la historia surge la necesidad de controlar al poder dentro de una dinámica de pesos y contrapesos. Cada organización social, atendiendo sus realidades sociales, económicas y culturales fue desarrollando y proponiendo un sistema de control administrativo del Estado y utilizando varios mecanismos técnicos para esos efectos. En este proceso histórico sin lugar a dudas tuvieron una gran influencia los países que nos conquistaron, en virtud de la escuela greco romana, así como los grupos de poder en cada Región y la exacerbada crisis económica de las nacientes repúblicas; luego de nuestras luchas por la independencia que de manera coincidente se dieron a inicios del siglo XVIII, bajo una fuerte influencia política del ideario de la revolución francesa de 1789. El estudio comparado de los antecedentes históricos y jurídicos de México, Colombia y Ecuador, nos permiten establecer que existen rasgos coincidentes cuando las repúblicas hermanas nacen como repúblicas independientes en los sistemas de control gubernamental, pero con el pasar del tiempo y en atención a sus propias realidades van variando por la influencia de otras escuelas jurídicas como la anglosajona.

Resumen Antecedentes y objetivos La practica rutinaria de la atencion perioperatoria de los pacientes de cirugia cardiaca sigue sin estandarizarse y es muy variable debido a las interpretaciones diferenciales de la evidencia. Este estudio de consenso tiene como objetivo minimizar la variabilidad clinica estableciendo argumentos racionales, calificados, a traves de la discusion y la evaluacion de la evidencia. Metodos Este estudio utilizo tres tecnicas diferentes para lograr un consenso formal sobre las recomendaciones: Delphi, grupos nominales y conferencia de consenso. Se construyeron preguntas por la estrategia PICO y se seleccionaron por enfoque Delphi. Once grupos nominales desarrollaron recomendaciones para cada unidad tematica. La metodologia de la conferencia de consenso incluyo expertos nacionales competentes y un experto internacional. El producto de la conferencia de consenso fue evaluado y calificado en tres rondas por 100 expertos activos en la practica de cirugia cardiaca. Resultados Cien expertos participaron en las rondas finales. El 54% eran especialistas en medicina intensiva, el 18% cirujanos cardiacos, el 18% anestesiologos cardiovasculares y el 10% restante eran cardiologos. La experiencia clinica promedio de los expertos fue de 11,6 anos. El 84% son profesores universitarios y el 70% tienen publicaciones en el area. El producto de la conferencia de consenso incluyo 36 declaraciones sobre los temas mas relevantes de la atencion perioperatoria para pacientes de cirugia cardiaca, que derivaron en 30 recomendaciones (80% o mas de acuerdo), 5 sugerencias (75-80% de acuerdo) y una declaracion de no consenso (66% de acuerdo) Algunos de los aspectos relevantes inicialmente excluidos se incluyeron como sugerencias de buenas practicas clinicas. Conclusiones Un grupo significativo de profesionales expertos en medicina cardiovascular lograron un consenso formal sobre la mejor practica para la atencion perioperatoria de pacientes de cirugia cardiaca. Los resultados de este estudio establecen acuerdos sobre la atencion de calidad estandarizada para pacientes antes y despues de la cirugia cardiaca. Las recomendaciones son extrapolables a instituciones de atencion de alta complejidad nacionales y regionales.

OBJECTIVES: Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) is a disorder of intestinal lymphatic flow resulting in leakage of protein-rich lymph into the gut lumen. Our primary aim was to report the imaging findings of dynamic contrast magnetic resonance lymphangiography (DCMRL) in patients with PLE. Our secondary objective was to use these imaging findings to characterize lymphatic phenotypes. METHODS: Single-center retrospective cohort study of patients with PLE unrelated to single-ventricle circulation who underwent DCMRL. We report imaging findings of intranodal (IN), intrahepatic (IH), and intramesenteric (IM) access points for DCMRL. RESULTS: Nineteen patients 0.3–58 years of age (median 1.2 years) underwent 29 DCMRL studies. Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) was the most common referring diagnosis (42%). Other etiologies included constrictive pericarditis, thoracic insufficiency syndrome, and genetic disorders. IN-DCMRL demonstrated a normal central lymphatic system in all patients with an intact thoracic duct and localized duodenal leak in one patient (1/19, 5%). IH-DCMRL detected a duodenal leak in 12/17 (71%), and IM-DCMRL detected duodenal leak in 5/6 (83%). Independent of etiology, lymphatic leak was only visualized in the duodenum. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with PLE, imaging via DCMRL reveals that leak is localized to the duodenum regardless of etiology. Comprehensive imaging evaluation with three access points can provide detailed information about the site of duodenal leak.

To assure effectiveness in the management of projects, it is required that project managers have the right competencies, according to the context and characteristics of each project they are involved. Based on several competencies frameworks (including PMI's PMCDF, IPMA's ICB, APM's CF, and AIPM's PCSPM), this paper proposes a unified multi-criteria model to be used as a decision-making tool for selecting the most suitable managers and defining competencies pathways for public sector projects. A hierarchical structure comprising weighted elements related to behavioural, management, and contextual/organisational competencies is proposed. For researchers, the presented model of competencies enables a better understanding of the phenomenon and can be used to structure further research in other contexts than the public sector. It is also a valuable tool for practitioners and project management offices since it allows comparing the candidates for managing a project using an organised and rigorous process anchored on empirically well-grounded criteria., (undefined)

We present an efficient solution to a system of linear equations by integrating data preconditioning, low-depth quantum embedding, and a variational method demonstrating a strategy that allow near-term implementations on quantum processors minimizing resource utilization.

Background Urbanization will increase in the next decades, causing the loss of green areas and bird diversity within cities. There is a lack of studies at a continental scale analyzing the relationship between urban green areas, such as parks and cemeteries, and bird species richness in the Neotropical region. Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries may be influenced by latitudinal gradients or species-area relationships. However, the seasonal variation of species diversity- environment has not been analyzed at a continental scale in the Neotropics. Methods Bird surveys were conducted in 36 cemeteries and 37 parks within 18 Neotropical cities during non-breeding and breeding seasons. Bird diversity was assessed through Hill numbers, focusing on species richness, the effective number of species derived from Shannon index and the Simpson index. Environmental variables included latitude, altitude, and local scale variables such as area size, habitat diversity and pedestrian traffic. Results Species richness and Shannon diversity were higher during the breeding season, whereas Simpson diversity did not vary between seasons. During both seasons, species richness increased with area size, was negatively related to altitude, and was the highest at 20° latitude. Species richness was also positively related to habitat diversity, pedestrian traffic, and was highest in suburban areas during the non-breeding season. Shannon and Simpson diversity showed significant relationships with habitat diversity and area size during the breeding season. Bird diversity was similar between parks and cemeteries. Discussion Our results showed that urban parks and cemeteries have similar roles in conserving urban bird diversity in Neotropical cities. However, species diversity-environment relations at the continental scale varied between seasons, highlighting the importance of conducting annual studies.

El pasado 19 de abril se ha presentado una nueva producción literaria co-producida por la Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana (UNITEC) y la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH). "Microrrelatos en el Bicentenario" no solo es un aporte importante a la escena literaria nacional, sino que cumple el ideal de la universidad hondureña. La obra se presenta dentro de las actividades conmemorativas del Día Internacional del Libro y del Día del Idioma Español, al igual que se enmarca en las celebraciones del Bicentenario de Independencia Centroamericana.

Introduction and rationale: Thyroid hormones participate in several known mechanisms of cardiac function, being compromised in hypothyroidism (HPT), when uncontrolled, is associated with weight gain. HPT and Obesity participate in autonomic dysfunction.

Introdução: Aterosclerose e osteoporose são doenças de alta prevalência na população geriátrica. Evidências epidemiológicas e trabalhos observacionais sugerem um vínculo fisiopatológico entre ambas. Atualmente, o escore de cálcio (EC) é o principal marcador de aterosclerose subclínica. A densitometria óssea (DXA) é o método mais utilizado para diagnosticar a osteoporose e para a avaliação do risco de fraturas, no entanto, ao redor de 60 % dos indivíduos apresentam fratura com massa óssea normal/osteopenia. Nesse sentido, a tomografia periférica de alta resolução (HR-pQCT) permite avaliar a qualidade óssea e separadamente a estrutura cortical e trabecular, e a literatura demonstra que parâmetros da HR-pQCT foram melhor preditor do risco de fratura em relação ao DXA. Não identificamos trabalhos na literatura que tenham investigado a associação entre parâmetros ósseos obtidos por HRpQCT e calcificação arterial coronariana avaliada pelo EC em idosos. Objetivo: avaliar a associação entre a calcificação coronariana e a microarquitetura óssea em indivíduos maiores de 65 anos. Métodos: 256 idosos foram submetidos a angiotomografia computadorizada de coronárias (angioTC de coronárias) para avaliação do escore de cálcio (EC) pelo método de Agatston, tomografia computadorizada quantitativa periférica de alta resolução (HRpQCT) de rádio e tíbia com parâmetros de escore z padronizados, DXA, e marcadores de remodelação óssea. Resultados: a média do EC foi 283,95. Os melhores modelos multivariados para previsão de EC incluíram parâmetros da tíbia para ambos os gêneros. Para mulheres, porosidade cortical da tíbia (Ct.Po), exp beta = 1,12 IC 95%: 1,10-1,13, p < 0,001 e densidade volumétrica cortical (Ct.vBMD) exp beta = 0,79 IC 95%: 0,78- 0,81, p < 0,001 foram preditores independentes de maior EC. Nos homens, tíbia Ct.Po, exp beta = 1,44, IC 95%: 1,42-1,46; p < 0,001 também foi associado a maior elevação do EC. Conclusão: Houve associação de comprometimento ósseo cortical da tíbia, avaliada por HR-pQCT, com maior calcificação coronariana em idosos da comunidade, principalmente em mulheres Introduction: Atherosclerosis and osteoporosis are diseases of high prevalence in the geriatric population. Epidemiological evidence and observational studies suggest a pathophysiological link between them. Currently, calcium score is the main marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. Areal bone mineral density determined by dual energy Xray absorption (DXA) is the most widely used method for diagnosing osteoporosis and for fracture risk assessment, but around 60% of individuals have fractures with normal bone mass / osteopenia. In this sense, high-resolution peripheral tomography (HR-pQCT) allows bone quality to be assessed separately and cortical and trabecular structure, and the literature shows that HR-pQCT parameters were a better predictor of fracture risk compared to DXA. We did not identify studies in the literature that have investigated the association between bone parameters obtained by HR-pQCT and coronary artery calcification assessed by CE in the elderly. Objective: To evaluate the association between coronary calcification and bone microarchitecture in individuals older than 65 years. Methods: 256 elderly individuals who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography for CAC assessment by Agatston score, HR-pQCT at radius and tibia with standardized z-score parameters, DXA, and bone remodeling markers. Multinomial logistic regression and generalized linear regression model with Poisson probability distribution and logarithmic binding function was used as appropriated. Results: The CAC average was 283.95. The best multivariate models for CAC prediction included tibia parameters for both, women and men. For women, tibia cortical porosity (Ct.Po), exp beta=1,12 95% CI: 1.10-1.13, p < 0.001 and cortical volumetric density (Ct.vBMD) exp beta=0,79 95% CI: 0.78- 0.81, p < 0.001 were independent predictors of higher CAC. In men, tibia Ct.Po, exp beta =1.44, 95% CI: 1.42-1.46; p < 0.001 was also associated with higher CAC. Conclusion: There was an association of cortical bone involvement of the tibia, assessed by HR-pQCT, with greater coronary calcification in the elderly in the community, especially in women

Background Sex-specific pathology of coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been recognized. Women with obstructive or nonobstructive CAD associated with traditional risk factors have similar events; no studies have explored both populations in association with genetic markers. Objective To evaluate the DD genotype in overweight menopausal women and its association with CAD and traditional risk factors. Method This cross-sectional study included 356 menopausal women who underwent coronary angiography as CAD assessment. The patients’ DNA was extracted and polymorphisms were detected with a single polymerase chain reaction assay. Two groups were formed based on luminal lesions (normal [n = 134] or pathological [n = 222]) with a cutoff value > 30%, considering overweight and age. The chi-square test, Student’s t-test, and multivariate logistic regression were performed as appropriate (p < 0.05) using the following variables: overweight, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, sedentary lifestyle, and a family history of CAD. Results The mean age of the sample was 63 + 8 years, and the mean BMI was 28 + 5 kg/m2. The DD genotype was slightly more prevalent in the pathological group (30.2% vs. 21.6%, p = 0.079), but this significantly changed when BMI > 25 was considered (33% vs. 18%, p = 0.012). In multivariate analysis with two threshold levels (> 50 and > 60 years), diabetes was significantly associated with CAD in both models (p = 0.021 vs. 0.009) but the genotype was only associated with younger age (p = 0.034). Conclusion These data support an association between atherosclerosis and the renin–angiotensin system in overweight menopausal women that is dependent on the age at which the ischemic event occurs.

TheOnthophagus anthracinusHarold, 1873 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini) species complex of theOnthophagus landoltiHarold, 1880 species group is established and analysed. Anew species,O. etlaensis, is described from this group.Onthophagus mextexusHowden and Cartwright, 1970 is considered a valid species andO. knulliHowden and Cartwright, 1963 is placed in synonymy withO. durangoensisBalthasar, 1939new synonymy. A key for theO. anthracinusspecies complex is presented along with photographs and illustrations of the main taxonomic differences. An update of theO.landoltispecies group is presented.

Canthon imitator Brown 1946 se registra por primera vez en el Municipio de Papantla, Veracruz, México. Este es el registro más meridional que se tiene de esta especie. Es un escarabajo estercolero rodador, diurno, abundante en el sitio de colecta de mayo a julio. Las hembras tienen sólo el ovario izquierdo con una ovariola. Ovipositan un solo huevo cada 4 a 5 días en una bola nido piriforme. Los machos tienen dos testículos, cada uno con seis folículos testiculares esféricos. El desarrollo hasta imago dura aproximadamente 30 días como en otras especies de Canthon estudiadas.

Para el desarrollo óptimo de reservorios de hidrocarburos es necesario el uso de la simulación numérica de yacimientos, para lo cual se necesita una gran cantidad de datos tales como parámetros geológicos y de reservorio; por lo que se requiere un adecuado registro de información a lo largo de la vida de un campo. En campos antiguos con poca caracterización geológica y falta de un adecuado registro de información, tales como el campo Gustavo Galindo Velasco, en el cual se dificulta la implementación de un modelo de simulación numérica; debido a que la baja producción no justifica los elevados costos de ejecución y ajustes históricos de un proyecto de simulación. Al tratarse de un campo altamente depletado, con un historial de producción de más de cien años y con presiones de formación bajas; y considerando además la compleja geología de la Península de Santa Elena y la escasa información en ciertas secciones del campo dificulta que se realicen estudios en el yacimiento, lo cual limita las inversiones para el desarrollo del campo. Con la información limitada disponible se realizó un análisis estadístico multivariable de la Formación Santo Tomás de la Sección 68 del Campo Gustavo Galindo Velasco haciendo uso de: (1) Diseño de Experimentos (DOE), para determinar los factores más influyentes en la producción acumulada y de esta manera poder caracterizar las zonas con mayor potencial de producción; y (2) Regresión Lineal Múltiple, como método de análisis del comportamiento de la producción acumulada de petróleo bajo ciertos parámetros y condiciones

En las primeras décadas del siglo XXI, Honduras fue nombrado uno de los países más violentos de América Latina. El fenómeno de la violencia adquirió distintos matices y problemáticas: desde el fenómeno pandilleril (maras), pasando por el narcotráfico, la violencia estatal, feminicidios, etc. Las manifestaciones culturales han hecho esfuerzos importantes para dar sentido o significación a un escenario complejo y cambiante. Obras que se han asociado a la cultura popular (la cultura baja), como la paraliteratura, han podido generar productos culturales con un impacto social. Es decir, obras de consumo popular, escritas en medios masivos (diarios, blogs, historietas) pueden haber contribuido de una forma más contundente a la construcción de la representación de la violencia en el país. Autores que cultivan el género policiaco como Mario Berríos o Carmilla Wyler, cuya finalidad es eminentemente comercial, contribuyen activamente al discernimiento del significado de la violencia en el país. Por otro lado, las novelas gráficas o ‘comics’ también han servido como nuevos vehículos de comunicación, como en el caso de Germán Andino, en su novela gráfica “Transformar números en barcos piratas”.

Epidemiological studies reveal a link between osteoporosis and the risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease. We illustrate an association between coronary calcification and bone microarchitecture in older adults based on the SPAH study. This cross-sectional research comprised 256 individuals subjected to cardiac coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for coronary artery calcification (CAC), high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) at the tibia and radius with standardized z score parameters, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to evaluate bone status. We used Student’s t test and the Mann–Whitney and Chi-squared tests for comparison of basal measurements. Association analysis was performed using the Poisson regression model with adjustment for CAC and sex. Multivariate analysis revealed different bone variables for predicting CAC in DXA and HR-pQCT scenarios. Although most of the bone parameters are related to vascular calcification, only cortical porosity (Ct.Po) remained uniform by HR-pQCT. Results for were as follows: the tibia—women (exp β = 1.12 (95% CI 1.10–1.13, p

The Onthophagus brevifrons species complex (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini) consists of the five species: Onthophagus cavernicollis Howden and Cartwright, Onthophagus subtropicus Howden and Cartwright, Onthophagus brevifrons Horn, Onthophagus cuevensis Howden and Onthophagus moroni Zunino and Halffter, all of which are strictly associated with underground habitats (caves or burrows) and are consequently considered troglobites. Nevertheless, the biology of Onthophagus Latreille species reported from caves is lacking. In this study, four grottoes in the Cuetzalan region were explored: Trompa de Elefante, El Fosil and El Nido del Murcielago (which belong to the poorly explored Gruta de Atepolihui), and the Tasalolpan cave, in the search for dung beetles. Onthophagus moroni was collected inside El Nido del Murcielago and Tasalolpan cave, representing a new record for El Nido del Murcielago, since its presence was previously recorded inside the Tasalolpan cave in 1988. Adults of O. moroni were collected alive 70 m inside the Tasalolpan cave, under a latrine of Peters' climbing rat, Tylomys nudicaudus (Peters) (Rodentia: Cricetidae). We redescribe the species, discuss its biogeography and provide an updated dichotomous key to enable the identification of the constituent species in the O. brevifrons species complex.

Assessment of drug cardiatoxicity is crucial in the development of new compounds and is typically addressed by evaluating the blockade they cause in the potassium human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) channels. Our objective is to develop a classifier to determine the preference for binding to the different states of a drug. We created a set of 2600 virtual blockers with different affinities and kinetics to the conformational states of the channel divided into 13 classes. Simulations were carried out using three stimulation protocols that enhance the probabilities of the channel to occupy a certain state. Three measurements were taken for each of the simulations: $IC_{50}$ , the recovery constant of the $I_{Kr}$ potassium current and an estimation of the time required for the simulation to be stable. Therefore, we obtained 9 variables for each of the blockers studied. A two-step classifier was developed, trained and evaluated. First, $we$ used support vector machines on the $IC_{50}$ to separate the 13 classes into three groups with 4, 5 and 4 classes respectively. Secondly, we used neural networks on each group with all the variables to finally classify the blockers. The three classifiers obtained an overall accuracy on the test group of 90.83, 88.66 and 89.16% for each of the groups respectively.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T15:38:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-09-13 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Aim Regeneration traits are crucial for understanding patterns and processes in plant communities. However, regeneration traits are not reported much in community ecology, preventing a better assessment of trait-based community assembly. Here we assessed habitat-related regeneration traits by comparing species from open (grassland and shrubland) and closed (woodland) Brazilian savannas (cerrado). Location Our study site comprised two cerrado areas in southeastern Brazil that range from open to closed vegetation types, as examples of an ecological gradient of resources and environmental conditions. Methods We classified 82 species according to dormancy (non-dormant, physiological, physical, physiophysical, morphological, and morphophysiological dormancy), dispersal syndrome (autochory, anemochory, exozoochory, endozoochory), and dispersal season (rainy, dry, rainy-to-dry and dry-to-rainy transitions). We determined seed mass, germination percentage, mean germination time and coefficient of variation of germination time in conditions of optimal temperatures. Principal coordinates Analysis (PCoA) was used to explore the relationships between regeneration traits and vegetation types. Results The two main axes of the PCoA explained 38% of the total variance. The first axis was related to germination traits (germination percentage, mean gemination time, and coefficient of variation of gemination time) and separated dormant from non-dormant species, whereas the second axis was related to seed mass, growth form, and dispersal syndromes which sharply separated open- and closed-savanna species. Unexpectedly, seed germination and dormancy traits did not differ among open- and closed-savanna species. Conclusions Seasonality is a strong filter for both germination and seedling establishment that shapes germination strategies regardless of vegetation type. The dominant strategy was dispersal of non-dormant seeds in the rainy season, while the least common strategy was dispersal of dormant seeds during the rainy-to-dry season transition. Habitat-related germination strategies were related to growth form and seed mass, improving our understanding of community assembly in species-rich Brazilian savannas. Sao Paulo State Univ, Biosci Inst, Dept Biodivers, Phenol Lab, BR-13506900 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Genet Ecol & Evolucao, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Biosci Inst, Dept Biodivers, Phenol Lab, BR-13506900 Sao Paulo, Brazil FAPESP: 2013/50155-0 FAPESP: 2010/51307-0 FAPESP: 2014/21430-6 FAPESP: 2017/27100-6 CNPq: 311820/2018-2 CAPES: 001

espanolIntroduccion: a partir de la Encuesta Nacional de Empleo, Desempleo y Subempleo (ENEMDU), realizada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadisticas y Censos de Ecuador (INEC) en junio 2018, que representa uno de los instrumentos estadisticos mas importantes para conocer la situacion laboral en el pais, se realiza el presente estudio. Objetivo: describir y analizar la percepcion de la seguridad y salud, asociadas a caracteristicas socio-demograficas y laborales en Ecuador. Metodologia: consistio en un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, se aplico un muestreo probabilistico y se determino que 28.636 personas cumplen con la condicion de estar laborando actualmente; se utilizo el software SPSS para el desarrollo de frecuencias absolutas y relativas, y el calculo de prueba chi-cuadrado. Resultados: el 3,7 % de los encuestados afirman que se les ha realizado un examen preocupacional y el 7,2 % afirman que se les ha realizado un examen periodico; a su vez, el 42 % ha sido informado sobre los riesgos en su trabajo y el 14 % ha sido capacitado sobre el riesgo al que esta expuesto. Discusion: lo que indica un deficit de la gestion de seguridad y salud a nivel nacional. Conclusion: se pone en manifiesto la necesidad de identificar los factores de riesgos laborales y su impacto en la salud, que en conjunto a registros oficiales permitan conocer las realidades de las organizaciones para establecer nuevas politicas de seguridad y salud en el pais. EnglishIntroduction: this study was carried out based on the National Survey of Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment (ENEMDU), conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses of Ecuador (INEC) in June 2018, which represents one of the most important statistical tools to know the labor situation in the country. Objective: To describe and analyze the perception of safety and health, associated with socio-demographic and work characteristics in Ecuador. Methodology: it consisted of a quantitative, descriptive and transversal research. A probabilistic sampling method was applied being 28.636 people who meet the condition of being working at this time. SPSS software was used for the development of absolute and relative frequencies and calculation of chi-square test. Results: the results show that 3.7 % of the respondents have had a pre-occupational exam and 7.2 % have been periodically examined; in turn, 42 % have been informed about the risks at work and 14% have been trained on the risk to which they are exposed. Discussion: these results indicate a deficit of Health and Safety Management at the national level, Conclusion: This work highlights the need to identify the factors of Occupational risks and their impact on health, which together with official records allow to know the realities of organizations to establish new health and safety policies in the country.

Introducción: Con el objeto de realizar una descripción lo más exacta posible de los accidentes “in itínere” y “no in itínere” sufridos por los trabajadores de una empresa de telecomunicaciones en Ecuador en el lapso 2014-2017; Métodos: se realizó un análisis descriptivo, exploratorio, tipo cuantitativo de diseño no experimental longitudinal retrospectivo, mediante el estudio analítico de la información que la organización reporta sobre los referidos accidentes al Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS), información a la que se le aplicó estadística descriptiva a través del Programa IBM SPSS 22. Resultados: Se evidenció un deficiente e irregular cumplimiento de las medidas preventivas de seguridad, confirmando que la causa determinante en la actualización de los referidos accidentes, independientemente de la circunstancia o condición es el incumplimiento normativo de las medidas preventivas de seguridad. Lo cual implica la necesidad de modificar el pensamiento y actitud de los mencionados trabajadores mediante la concientización de una cultura basada en el comportamiento responsable, para control y minimización de tales eventos, tanto en la citada organización como a nivel nacional. Conclusiones: El presente análisis comparativo constituye un modelo indicativo de lo que se debe hacer a nivel nacional en las instituciones reguladoras de la Gestión de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional, puesto que, disponen de la información pertinente suministrada por todas las empresas y sectores productivos. Asimismo, cabe destacar la necesidad e importancia trascendental de ejecutarlo a nivel específico empresarial con la finalidad de implementar las medidas preventivas y correctivas internas pertinentes que permitan controlar la referida accidentalidad.

Central venous lines may require contrast injection under fluoroscopy to evaluate for dysfunction such as occlusion, fibrin sheath development or catheter fracture. Rarely, some patients may be too ill to travel to the interventional radiology suite for this examination. We present a case utilizing contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) at the bedside to assess catheter integrity in a critically ill infant with a large intra-abdominal fluid collection. CEUS demonstrated extravasation into the collection, confirming catheter fracture and prompting immediate cessation of line use and recommendation for exchange. This case shows the utility of CEUS to evaluate central venous access devices in children who are unable to travel to interventional radiology for a standard contrast injection.

BackgroundSilicon (Si) is a beneficial element that has been proven to influence plant responses including growth, development and metabolism in a hormetic manner.MethodsIn the present study, we evaluated the effect of Si on the growth and concentrations of chlorophylls, total amino acids, and total sugars of pepper plants (Capsicum annuumL.) during the early developmental stage in a hydroponic system under conventional (unstressed) conditions. We tested four Si concentrations (applied as calcium silicate): 0, 60, 125 and 250 mg L−1, and growth variables were measured 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after treatment (dat), while biochemical variables were recorded at the end of the experiment, 28 dat.ResultsThe application of 125 mg L−1Si improved leaf area, fresh and dry biomass weight in leaves and stems, total soluble sugars, and concentrations of chlorophyllsaandbin both leaves and stems. The amino acids concentration in leaves and roots, as well as the stem diameter were the highest in plants treated with 60 mg L−1Si. Nevertheless, Si applications reduced root length, stem diameter and total free amino acids in leaves and stems, especially when applied at the highest concentration (i.e., 250 mg L−1Si).ConclusionThe application of Si has positive effects on pepper plants during the early developmental stage, including stimulation of growth, as well as increased concentrations of chlorophylls, total free amino acids and total soluble sugars. In general, most benefits from Si applications were observed in the range of 60–125 mg L−1Si, while some negative effects were observed at the highest concentration applied (i.e., 250 mg L−1Si). Therefore, pepper is a good candidate crop to benefit from Si application during the early developmental stage under unstressed conditions.

PURPOSE Many novel therapies for relapsed and refractory neuroblastoma require tumor tissue for genomic sequencing. We analyze our experience with image-guided biopsy in these patients, focusing on safety, yield, adequacy for next-generation sequencing (NGS), and correlation of tumor cell percent (TC%) with quantitative uptake on 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) single-photon emission computed tomography with computed tomography (SPECT/CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS An 11-year retrospective review of image-guided biopsy on 66 patients (30 female), with a median age of 8.7 years (range, 0.9-49 years), who underwent 95 biopsies (55 bone and 40 soft tissue) of relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma lesions was performed. RESULTS There were seven minor complications (7%) and one major complication (1%). Neuroblastoma was detected in 88% of MIBG- or fluorodeoxyglucose-avid foci. The overall NGS adequacy was 69% (64% in bone and 74% in soft tissue, P = .37). NGS adequacy within neuroblastoma-positive biopsies was 88% (82% bone and 96% soft tissue, P = .11). NGS-adequate biopsies had a greater mean TC% than inadequates (51% v 18%, P = .03). NGS-adequate biopsies had a higher mean number of needle passes (7.5 v 3.4, P = .0002). The mean tissue volume from NGS-adequate soft-tissue lesions was 0.16 cm3 ± 0.12. Lesion:liver and lesion:psoas MIBG uptake ratios correlated with TC% (r = 0.74, r = 0.72, and n = 14). Mean TC% in NGS-adequate samples was 51%, corresponding to a lesion:liver ratio of 2.9 and a lesion:psoas ratio of 9.0. Thirty percent of biopsies showed an actionable ALK mutation or other therapeutically relevant variant. CONCLUSION Image-guided biopsy for relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma was safe and likely to provide NGS data to guide therapy decisions. A lesion:liver MIBG uptake ratio of ≥ 3 or a lesion:psoas ratio of > 9 was associated with a TC% sufficient to deliver NGS results.

Endometriosis is one of the most frequent gynecological diseases in reproductive age women, but its etiology is not completely understood. Endometriosis is characterized by progesterone resistance, which has been explained in part by a decrease in the expression of the intracellular progesterone receptor in the ectopic endometrium. Progesterone action is also mediated by nongenomic mechanisms via membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs) that belong to the class II members of the progesterone and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression at mRNA and protein levels of mPR members in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Total RNA and total protein were isolated from control endometrium (17 samples), eutopic endometrium (17 samples), and ectopic endometrium (9 samples). The expression of PAQR7 (mPRα), PAQR8 (mPRβ), and PAQR6 (mPRδ) at mRNA and protein levels was evaluated by RT-qPCR and Western blot, whereas PAQR5 (mPRγ) gene expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR. Statistical analysis between comparable groups was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test with a confidence interval of 95 %. The analysis of gene expression showed that PAQR7 and PAQR5 expression was lower in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium as compared to the endometrium of women without endometriosis, whereas the expression of PAQR8 and PAQR6 was only reduced in eutopic endometrium. Furthermore, mPRα and mPRβ protein content was decreased in the ectopic endometrium of women with endometriosis. Our results demonstrate a decrease in the expression and protein content of mPRs in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis, which could contribute to the progesterone resistance observed in patients with this disease.

Neonatal chylothorax (NCTx) and central lymphatic flow disorder (CLFD) are historically challenging neonatal disorders with high morbidity and mortality.We conducted a retrospective study of 35 neonates with pulmonary lymphatic abnormalities at our institution who underwent lymphatic evaluation between December 2015 and September 2018. Patients with only pulmonary lymphatic perfusion syndrome were classified as NCTx and those with multiple flow abnormalities were classified as CLFD. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were compared using t-tests/Wilcoxon rank sum tests and Fisher's exact tests.All 35 patients had intranodal MR lymphangiography and 14 (40%) also had conventional fluoroscopic lymphangiography. Fifteen (42.8%) patients were diagnosed with NCTx and 20 (57.1%) were diagnosed with CLFD. Thirty-four (97.1%) patients had pleural effusions. None of the NCTx group had ascites, anasarca, or dermal backflow compared to 17 (85%) (p 0.001), 8 (42.1%) (p: 0.004), and 20 (100%) (p 0.001) of the CLFD group, respectively. In the NCTx group, 11 (73.3%) had ethiodized oil embolization and 4 (26.7%) received conservative therapy. Ten (50%) of the CLFD patients had an intervention; of those, two (10%) had ethiodized oil-only embolization. Eight had non-ethiodized oil embolizations (two (25%) had embolization with glue, three (37.5%) underwent surgical lymphovenous anastomosis, two (25%) underwent thoracic duct (TD) externalization, and one (12.5%) had a non-TD lymphatic channel drain placed). Complete resolution of pleural effusions was achieved in all 15 NCTx patients, whereas 9 (45%) of 20 CLFD patients had resolution of chylothorax (p: 0.001).Establishing a diagnosis of NCTx or CLFD is paramount in selecting treatment options and providing prognostic information. Development of lymphatic interventions represents a paradigm shift in our understanding of neonatal lymphatic flow disorders and may be associated with improved survival.

Background and Research AimsPower lines are one of the main anthropogenic causes of bird mortality on a global scale, but research is scarce in some countries with a high diversity of birds, such as Mexico. In this study, we assessed the impact of bird collisions and electrocutions with power lines on avian communities at three wind farms located in three different states in Mexico.MethodsCarcass searches were carried out at sites in Tamaulipas (4 months in 2021), Guanajuato (2 months in 2020, 4 months in 2021), and Oaxaca (55 months from 2014 to 2021).ResultsA total of 579 bird carcasses from 65 different species were recorded. The White-winged Dove ( Zenaida asiatica) was the most frequently found species (282 records) across the three sites. When considering the number of species identified per family, Icteridae had the highest number of species at the Oaxaca site, Columbidae and Passerelidae at the Tamaulipas site, and Anatidae at the Guanajuato site. At the order level, Passeriformes had the highest number of species at the Tamaulipas and Oaxaca sites, and Anseriformes in Guanajuato. Of the total species recorded, 12 are within some category of risk according to Mexican legislation and the IUCN Red List, and 18 are migratory species.ConclusionsOur results, together with evidence from previous studies, indicate that power lines represent one of the main causes of anthropogenic mortality in Mexico in terms of the number of affected bird species. Further research is urgently needed to explore the effect of power lines on bird populations in the country, particularly those at risk of extinction, and migratory species.Implications for ConservationThe high diversity of species found to be affected in this study highlights the wide-ranging impact of these structures and the need to implement mitigation strategies at the three sites studied, particularly for the most affected species, the White-winged Dove ( Zenaida asiatica).

We examine the extent to which host country income inequality influences multinational enterprises’ (MNE) expansion strategy for foreign production investment, depending on their specific strategic objectives. Applying a transaction cost framework, we predict that national income inequality has an inverted U-shaped relationship with foreign production investment. As inequality increases, MNEs accrue lower transaction costs arising from interactions with various local actors, leading to higher probability of investment. As income inequality increases further, its effect on location attractiveness will become negative, as its attraction effect is increasingly offset by additional monitoring, bargaining, and security costs owing to the more fractious nature of high inequality societies. In addition, we suggest that the impact of income inequality is contingent on investment objectives: The inverted U-shaped relationship is stronger for efficiency-seeking investment but weaker for market-seeking and competence-enhancing investments. We find substantial support for our hypotheses through an analysis of 27 years (1986-2012) of data on Japanese MNEs’ overseas production entries.

La interpretacion principal de la obra de Levinas afirma que es una filosofia de la Responsabilidad por el Otro y que en esa Responsabilidad Etica acontece la subjetivacion del sujeto en cuanto ruptura con el ser. En este sentido, el articulo mostrara una responsabilidad egoista implicada en la filosofia levinasiana -enfatizada en sus desarrollos de juventud-, afirmando con ello la posibilidad de pensar el fundamento donde la Responsabilidad Etica es posible. En otras palabras, se rescata la importancia de la materialidad dentro de la empresa de evasion o salida radical del ser que Levinas desarrollara a lo largo de su obra.

Este texto está construido sobre diversos acercamientos conceptuales y teóricos al proyecto El genio secreto del catalejo (Kikkertens Hemmelighedsfulde Aand) de la artista Sandra Rengifo. La perspectiva de análisis puesta en trabajo se aleja de discursos propios de la historia del arte y de la estética, y por el contrario, instala preguntas más cercanas a campos de conocimiento como la geografía cultural, los estudios del paisaje y los estudios visuales. El objetivo principal es describir la relación y tensiones que mantiene el proyecto artístico con respecto a espacialidades, objetos, lugares y paisajes. Con este fin, nociones relativas a la repetición y a la fragmentación propias tanto de los referentes como de las narrativas que implicó el proyecto, fueron útiles para acopiar y reordenar los indicios sugeridos por Rengifo. Palabras claves Paisaje, fragmentación, repetición, Kierkegaard. The Secret Genius of the Spyglass (Kikkertens Hemmelighedsfulde Aand)

Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are common where highly dynamic temperate glaciers exist, since seasonal changes in ice-conduit dynamics can start rapid lake drainages. Lakes dammed by cold-based glaciers, however, are less common and GLOFs from these glaciers have been rarely reported. Understanding both the origin and the failure mechanisms of lakes dammed by cold-based glaciers and subsequent flood processes is essential for territorial planning. We study a remarkable GLOF triggered by the failure of a subglacial lake in the Manflas Valley, Arid Andes of Chile, in 1985 providing insights into the lake’s origin, clarifying the failure mechanism and modelling the GLOF event-related dynamics. To identify the factors that contributed to the lake formation and failure, we analysed remotely sensed images, meteorological and topographic data. The GLOF dynamics were reconstructed using empirical (LAHARZ and MSF) and physical models (RAMMS). The obtained results were compared with field data of flow extent, depth and velocity. We show that the failed lake (4 × 106 m3) formed in a low-slope (≤ 10°) area and that extreme (≥ 90th percentile) annual precipitation before the GLOF contributed to the lake filling and probably to the dam collapse. The lake likely drained rapidly after mechanical failure of the ice-dam producing a high energy sediment-laden flow. We show the challenges of modelling large flows over long distances (dozens of kilometres) especially when flows change between Newtonian and Non-Newtonian phases. A GLOF can still endanger the Manflas Valley since a remnant of the lake of about 220.000 m3 exists and economic assets are located along the1985 GLOF path.

This document is an update to the clinical practice recommendations for the management of cardiovascular risk factors in diabetes mellitus. The consensus is made by members of the Cardiovascular Risk Group of the Spanish Diabetes Society. We have proposed and updated interventions on lifestyle, pharmacological treatment indicated to achieve therapeutic objectives according to the levels of HbA1c, degree of obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart failure, platelet antiagregation, renal insufficiency, and diabetes in the elderly, as well as new biomarkers of interest in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk in individuals with diabetes mellitus. The work is an update of the interventions and therapeutic objectives in addition, it is noted the need for the inclusion of specialists in Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition in Cardiac Rehabilitation Units for the control and monitoring of this population.

We propose, from a focal organization’s perspective, a holistic framework for an interorganizational collaboration (IOC) that integrates the resource dependence theory and the triangular alignment perspective to account for the impact external factors such as international donors and internal factors such as the focal organization’s competencies have on the IOC’s antecedents, process, and outcomes. We base our arguments on the case of the National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) that collaborated with various international and domestic partners to effectively reduce the incidence of HIV/AIDS in India.