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As ecosystem engineers earthworms play a vital role in modifying soil habitats andmodulating the availability of resources to other soil fauna. Their behaviour is crucial toproviding healthy soil and the provision of many of the ecosystem services on which humansdepend. However, to fully understand the interaction between ecosystem services, soils,earthworms, and other organisms requires observation of organism behaviour directly;something which is currently inhibited due to an inability to track real-time invertebratemovement in soils. To address this problem we have developed an affordable non-invasive system fortracking earthworm movement in soil. This passive acoustic system uses single low-costpiezo-electric transducers or accelerometers for the detection of invertebrate activity in soils;these single sensors can also be configured as multiple sensor arrays and used fortriangulation and tracking of invertebrate movement. This system can be used to test a varietyof hypotheses relating to soil-dwelling invertebrates such as whether movement followsdiurnal cycles or is driven by gradients of soil properties such as organic matter, moisture,density and pH. In this session we will present results from the different sensor types (vibration,piezo-electric, and accelerometer) when used to detect earthworms, and other invertebratessuch as cockchafer larvae, in a range of soils. We will also discuss how the single sensors areused in multi-sensor arrays for real time tracking of soil invertebrates using low costmicrocontrollers, and single board computers for data acquisition, signal processing, dataflow, and data analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]