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The study examined community influences on acculturation, social integration, and cultural adaptation among elderly Russian-speaking immigrants residing in two communities with different ethnic density. Results revealed direct, indirect, and moderation effects of community. The residents of the dense ethnic community had lower American social support and American acculturation than residents of the dispersed community. Both communities had comparable levels of acculturative stress and American cultural alienation, underscoring an indirect effect of community on cultural adaptation via acculturation and social support. The ethnic community also moderated relationships of acculturation and social support to cultural adaptation, suggesting their varied adaptive and maladaptive pathways. American acculturation was associated with increased acculturative stress in the dense community and reduced acculturative stress in the dispersed community. Russian acculturation and social support were typically adaptive in the dense community and maladaptive in the dispersed community. The study supported the Ecological Acculturative Frameworkxcopy (EAF) that underscores the importance of conceptualizing acculturation as embedded within the community sociocultural context that reflects the lived experiences of individuals interacting with their contextual settings, and empirically examining adaptive and maladaptive pathways provided by these settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Educación is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we propose to reconsider the concept of symbolic capital, as presented by Bourdieu and as it is understood today, and to present the results of a study on how social identity is being built, a study conducted on the ground in an ethnic, confessional and cultural community in a period of post-communist transition. The research is a quantitative one. The results highlight the current practical value of the symbolic capital concept, internalized and manifested differently by the different social groups belonging to the same communities. Equally, symbolic capital can be a vector of preserving local identity and the community can rely on it to shape its future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes one less important topic Weberian thought (especially in the Italian studies): the concepts of "ethnicity" and "race". In particular, the essay focuses the problem of black Americans, around which Weber reflected starting from the information and experiences personally lived during his trip to the United States in 1904, invited by the Congress of Arts and Sciences of the Universal Exposition of St. Louis. The German scholar has the opportunity to know directly US society, to travel the South of the country, to discuss with members of the African American community. All this contributes to moving Weber away from the initial youthful positions - when the biological element of "race" is evident - to an analysis of the social and cultural implications of "ethnic community", in which, rather than the blood, "ethnic honor" is important. According to Weber, the only way to bring about a change in racial and ethnic relations is a charismatic authority, empowered to give orders that are typically obeyed (Weber, 1947). If, through the process of routinization, the charismatic authority is systematically transformed into rational authority, ethnicity can disappear; while if it is routinized in a traditional order, ethnicity can be further highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lefebvre's theory of space production argues space is generated from production activities in human societies, which can be quoted to explore the social impact that tourism has had on the communities of minorities. This study, taking a Miao community in southwest China as an example, adopts qualitative research methods to conduct a comparative analysis of the community space before and after tourism was developed. Based on the binary relations between the imagined space and real space, this study begins with the production of traditional space in Basha community, and then analyses the construction of the spatial image of the community by space production entities after the development of tourism. The study found that: (1) Collective construction by a diverse range of entities is the root cause of the changes to Basha's space; (2) The direct reason for the spatial change of ethnic communities is that some subjects acquire the power of spatial production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario del Instituto de Historia Argentina is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we propose to reconsider the concept of cultural capital, as presented by Bourdieu and as it is understood today, and to present the results of a study on how social identity is being built, a study conducted on the ground in an ethnic, confessional and cultural community in a period of post-communist transition. The research is a quantitative one. The results highlight the current practical value of the cultural capital concept, internalized and manifested differently by the different social groups belonging to the same communities. Equally, cultural capital can be a vector of preserving local identity and the community can rely on it to shape its future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study explores Asian Americans’ ethnic identity concerning their process of exploring their own identity belonging and the impact of an ethnic community in a southern city in the United States. The South has mainly consisted of European Americans and African Americans. However, it has diversified to include an increasing number of Latinx and Asian Americans over the last several decades. Yet, the growing Asian American community remains disparate in its ethnic identity and nationality. Therefore, this study uses the phenomenological method to provide a more in-depth understanding of ethnic identity in an Asian American community within a southern region of the United States. Themes emerging from interviews included the need to bridge two worlds, the desire to be part of a community, and the existence of a two-layer community involving both ethnic and racial identity. This study contributes to a greater understanding of Asian Americans’ experiences in and adaptation to the Southern region within the United States. Implications for practice are provided for social workers when working alongside Asian American clients.

The ethnonym Türk have been used in modern nation-building processes among the Turkic speaking peoples of Eurasia in the 20th–21th centuries. The cases of Turkey, the plan of a Turkic Republic in Central Asia in the 1920s and after the fall of the Sovietunion the latest Kazak, Tatar and Uyghur historiography demonstrate its historical importance. The study focuses on the meanings of Türk in the runic inscriptions of the Türk Khaganate (6th–8th centuries). Its first denotation is an ethnic community or nationality, i.e. a nomadic tribal confederation which can be described as using the model of gens, including the common origin, traditions and language with centuries long stabile political framework and the majority of society belonged to same customary law. The political aspect of the usage of the term Türk referred to all peoples subjected to the power of the Türk Khagan. After the fall of the Türk Khaganate both meanings faded away due to the lack of political stability which is a key factor in the history of Eurasian steppe. It means that there is not ethnic continuity from the Middle Ages. The fragments of Türk identity may survived in the forms of language community; Islamic legend of descent with the heros eponymos and nomadic way of life as opposed to the territorial principles of settled civilisations. These elements could be used to rebuild modern Turkic speaking nations in Eurasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on an extensive questionnaire survey in three cities in Northwest China, this article identifies the factors influencing the sole, couple and family migration of Han and Hui. We find that Han migrants are more utility-oriented and tend to circulate among different places in order to maximize their utility. Hui migrants are more likely to seek opportunities to settle in destinations with their families. They rely on Hui communities and dedicate themselves to creating networks and accumulating social capital for their families. We suggest that the accumulation of bonding capital does not necessarily suggest the increase or decrease of bridging capital. Moreover, the ethnic community should be regarded neither in negative nor positive terms but rather as a coin with two sides, pro and con. The ethnic community is a vessel, which migrants can use for minimizing risks, improving livelihoods and fostering the settlement of families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared to the overwhelming emphasis on the causes of international migration, less attention has been paid to immigrant destination choice. Studies which have addressed destination outcomes are generally quantitative in nature and have focused on macro-level explanations. In this article, we adopt a qualitative approach to examine undocumented Mexican male migrants' decision-making processes about the destination, demonstrating how the interplay between social networks, social capital, and individual circumstance influences their U.S. destination choices, both when migrating from Mexico and when relocating within the United States. Based on seventy semi-structured, in-depth interviews with primarily undocumented Mexican migrants residing in Colorado, we detail the specific mechanisms that guided them to particular destinations. Our findings illustrate the importance of the geographical diversity of social ties, the type of migration (international vs. internal), the kind and strength of ties, and the form of interpersonal interactions with ties, for respondents' destination outcomes. In addition, our findings challenge the notion that the presence of a co-ethnic community is consistently viewed by migrants as a destination incentive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Christianity is a critical element in the study of Korean Americans. It is estimated that over 70% of all Korean Americans are affiliated with Korean Christian churches. Much of the existing literature illustrates that these churches provide essential resources for Korean immigrants and they serve as important social mechanisms. This study responds to the need to investigate the lives of secular migrants where religious marginalisation may play a significant role in their everyday lives in relation to their predominantly Christian communities. In particular, the study focuses on the unique experiences of those aged between 25 and 35 living in the greater Boston area. The study compiles vivid narratives of non-Christian Korean American experiences within a dominant Christian ethnic community focusing on their religious and non-religious performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rohinton Mistry is an immigrant writer but in his works, he reveals absorbing idea of nation and nationality based on the life of Bombay. He takes glimpse into the lives of Parsi people who form minor religious group. So, this idea of nationalism is formed from the perspective of these ordinary people. Memory, history, family and beliefs of these people determine the concept of nation. In this way Mistry has tried to historicise his fiction and fictionalise the history of the country. The common people's lives are projected onto the background of the novels. Yet, they achieve success to address the issues fruitfully and faithfully. Fragmentation and dissolution characterize his concept of Nationalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnic communities constantly fear of being stripped of their cultural identities, which intern their preference of shying away from settling in slums. The difficulty arises from the highly contingent conceptualization of 'slum', as an agglomerate of poor seeking income. The paper investigates paradox of identity embedded in insecurities among ethnic migrants who lack recognition by the state and society. Data was collected using observation, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. Constant comparative method (CCM) together with thematic sampling was used for data analysis. The finding suggests that alienation of ethnic migrants is a consequence of constant negotiation of their identity in response to 'self-society-State'. It recommends slum to retain independent social space for ethnic community and society in a composite culture. To overcome the challenges of identity, income, and insecurity among ethnic migrants, the paper proposes a convergence model to integrate co-existence of multiple identities for public entitlements, welfare, and social acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this investigation, growth promoting role of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was assessed on yeasts representing three genera and four species viz Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata isolated from traditional fermentative starter materials of Ahom, Rabha, Bodo, Karbi, Kachari and Mishing communities of Assam, India. Isolates were first assessed for their ability to synthesize IAA in presence and absence of external tryptophan and was examined for stimulatory effect of growth on the tested isolates. Tryptophan dependent IAA synthesis was observed in 92% of isolates while 72% of isolates could synthesize IAA in absence of exogenous tryptophan. Candida glabrata KC3X could synthesize maximum IAA while Saccharomyces cerevisiae KR5.6 did not synthesize IAA in presence of external tryptophan. 3 out of 14 Wickerhamomyces isolates and the sole Saccharomyces isolate KR4.10 were found to synthesize significant amount of IAA in absence of tryptophan. Treatment of exogenous IAA on the growth of tested yeasts revealed that Saccharomyces isolates were more pronounced than others. Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata did not show any significant response of growth in presence of exogenous IAA. This study concludes that plant condiments present in starter materials may aid in accelerated growth of Saccharomyces yeasts compared to non-Saccharomyces ones. Yeasts capable of synthesizing IAA but unable to show appreciable growth in presence of IAA may presumably facilitate sustenance of Saccharomyces spp. in fermentative consortia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research on transnationalism has paid little attention to the impacts of immigrants' sustained ties to their homelands on their relationships with ethnic communities in the host countries. Drawing on data from a qualitative study of economic immigrants from China to Canada, this article explores the new generation of Chinese immigrants' definitions and perceptions of and experiences with the "Chinese community" as both an ideational and an empirical entity. Having faced various barriers to settlement and integration in Canada, these individuals tend to see China as "closer" to them than the established ethnic Chinese communities in Canada when it comes to fulfilling their needs for economic security, social support and, even, a sense of belonging. The findings suggest the urgent need to understand the relationship between the new waves of immigration, the ethnic community, and transnationalism, and to reflect on the mosaic multicultural approach to ethnicity and immigrant governance in the context of diversification of diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the landscape changes of San Francisco's Chinatown resulting from urban redevelopment after World War II. It describes the contested process of community development and documents the intricacies of Chinatown's spatial struggles. Socially constructed as a space of "otherness," San Francisco's Chinatown illustrates the ways in which urban redevelopment process interacted with the social and cultural tensions of a plural and liberal urban society. It also reveals how the existing categories of ethnicity and cultural identity have been renegotiated over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the problems and trends of the development of interethnic relationships at the regional level. The assumption that migration process has direct influence upon them is proved. The hypothesis of the research is that the interethnic relationships of “traditional” ethnic communities for the region fundamentally differ from the interethnic relationships of the ethnic communities formed by the new migrants. For the first ethnic communities, ethnicity is not so important while the civil identity is more relevant and over-ethnic integrated images are developed. That results in the reduction of interethnic tension. For the other ethnic communities, ethnic and cultural barriers are strong, ethnicity is relevant for them. Furthermore, the language curtain and social distance strengthen interethnic tension for these ethnic communities. In our opinion, the basic threat is that the efforts of public authorities for the harmonization of interethnic relationships are mainly bending to the first ethnic communities. The public authorities attempt to save and develop the ethnic culture to form tolerance. Meanwhile, the major interethnic tension is associated with the migration process, a negative perception of migrants and a number of sociopsychological problems. Main factors having the influence on the negative perception of migrants and interethnic tension are analyzed. The conclusions are based on the research conducted by the author in 2011, relying on the questionnaire and expert survey, on the research conducted from 2008 till 2015, on the analysis of national population census and analytical reviews about migration situation. The results of the study can be used by the public authorities of the region developing ethnic policy, migration policy in formulation forecast of socio-economic development and social tension.