75 results on '"Elopy Sibanda"'
Search Results
52. Additional file 2: of Protocol on a systematic review of qualitative studies on asthma treatment challenges experienced in Sub-Saharan Africa
- Author
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Pisirai Ndarukwa, Chimbari, Moses, and Elopy Sibanda
- Abstract
JBI quality appraisal tool. (DOCX 110Â kb)
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
53. Additional file 3: of Protocol on a systematic review of qualitative studies on asthma treatment challenges experienced in Sub-Saharan Africa
- Author
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Pisirai Ndarukwa, Chimbari, Moses, and Elopy Sibanda
- Abstract
JBI data extraction tool. (DOCX 57Â kb)
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
54. MOESM1 of Development of a framework for increasing asthma awareness in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe
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Pisirai Ndarukwa, Chimbari, Moses, and Elopy Sibanda
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InformationSystems_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary of themes for the framework of awareness for asthma.
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
55. Additional file 4: of Protocol on a systematic review of qualitative studies on asthma treatment challenges experienced in Sub-Saharan Africa
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Pisirai Ndarukwa, Chimbari, Moses, and Elopy Sibanda
- Abstract
Thematic framework analysis format. (DOCX 11Â kb)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
56. Natural clinical tolerance to peanut in African patients is caused by poor allergenic activity of peanut IgE
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Richard Weiss, Magnus Wickman, Christian Lupinek, Anna Asarnoj, Carl Hamsten, Daniela Gallerano, Annica Önell, Margit Focke-Tejkl, Elopy Sibanda, Rudolph Valenta, J. Thalhamer, Theresa Thalhamer, Gunnar Lilja, M. Ochome, M. van Hage, and Eva Wollmann
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Male ,Allergy ,Arachis ,medicine.disease_cause ,Immunoglobulin E ,Epitope ,Allergen ,Allergic symptoms ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Child ,2S Albumins ,African Continental Ancestry Group ,Plant Proteins ,tolerance ,biology ,food and beverages ,Middle Aged ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,2S Albumins, Plant ,Adult ,Zimbabwe ,Adolescent ,European Continental Ancestry Group ,Immunology ,Black People ,Asymptomatic ,White People ,Article ,Young Adult ,Africa ,allergen component ,allergy ,peanut ,Allergens ,Antigens, Plant ,Asymptomatic Diseases ,Glycoproteins ,Humans ,Immune Tolerance ,Immunoglobulin G ,Infant ,Peanut Hypersensitivity ,Skin Tests ,Sweden ,Antigens ,Preschool ,business.industry ,Membrane Proteins ,Central africa ,Plant ,medicine.disease ,Basophil activation ,biology.protein ,business - Abstract
Background In Africa, peanuts are frequently consumed, but severe allergic reactions are rare. We investigated immunological patterns of clinical tolerance to peanut in peanut-sensitized but asymptomatic patients from central Africa compared to peanut-allergic and peanut-sensitized but asymptomatic patients from Sweden. Methods Sera from allergic patients (n = 54) from Zimbabwe sensitized to peanut but without allergic symptoms to peanut, and sera from peanut-allergic (n = 25) and peanut-sensitized but asymptomatic (n = 25) patients from Sweden were analyzed toward peanut allergen components (Ara h 1–3, 6, 8–9) and other allergen molecules from important allergen sources using microarray. IgE to Ara h 2 peptide epitopes was analyzed, and allergenic activity was assessed by basophil activation assay. Results Forty-six percent of the African and all peanut-allergic Swedish patients showed IgE toward one of the highly allergenic peanut allergens (Ara h 1–3, 6, 9). However, 48% of the African patients had IgE to cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) with low allergenic activity and 60% of the Swedish asymptomatic patients had IgE against the PR protein Ara h 8. IgG and IgG4 specificities and levels could not discriminate between the African asymptomatic and Swedish peanut-allergic patients. Asymptomatic patients almost lacked IgE to Ara h 2 peptides, which were recognized by peanut-allergic patients. Peanut IgE from peanut asymptomatic patients showed poor allergenic activity compared with IgE from peanut-allergic patients. Conclusions Natural clinical tolerance to peanut in the African patients can be caused by IgE to low allergenic peanut components and by poor allergenic activity of peanut-specific IgE.
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- 2015
57. Contents Vol. 167, 2015
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Satz Mengensatzproduktion, Matthias Goebeler, Dan Li, Takashi Omori, Hyung-Min Kim, Kyung-Ja Ko, Rudolf Valenta, Marcus Maurer, Xinxin Ci, Martin Metz, Zhongchun Chen, Martin K. Church, Hyun-Ja Jeong, Druckerei Stückle, Tosiya Sato, Leo Odongo, Toshio Nakadate, Clarissa R. Cabauatan, Fei Dai, Axel Trautmann, Daniela Gallerano, Masaji Ono, Carl Hamsten, Zhongmei Wen, Liping Peng, Elopy Sibanda, Masayuki Shima, Marianne van Hage, Grace Mulyowa, Maria Starkhammar, Weiting Zhong, Lin Lin, Shin Yamazaki, Hee-Yun Kim, Hua Ren, Sun-Young Nam, Toshimasa Ohara, Lihui Cai, and Hiroshi Nitta
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business.industry ,Immunology ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,General Medicine ,business - Published
- 2015
58. The genetic predisposition to produce high levels of TGF-β1 impacts on the severity of eclampsia/pre-eclampsia
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Ian V. Hutchinson, Grazyna A. Stanczuk, Elopy Sibanda, and Melanie J. McCoy
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Adult ,Zimbabwe ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Black People ,Physiology ,Severity of Illness Index ,Preeclampsia ,Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ,Pre-Eclampsia ,Pregnancy ,Genotype ,medicine ,Genetic predisposition ,Humans ,Eclampsia ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Allele ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,Gynecology ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,business.industry ,Case-control study ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Syndrome ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Case-Control Studies ,Female ,business ,Transforming growth factor - Abstract
To investigate the hypothesis that women who are genetically programmed to produce higher levels of transforming growth factor-beta 1 are more likely to develop severe eclampsia/pre-eclampsia.Case-control study.Blood samples from women whose pregnancy was complicated by eclampsia (n=37) or pre-eclampsia (n=49) and healthy controls (n=86) were analyzed for the presence of polymorphisms at codons 10 and 25 of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene. The polymorphisms are thought to determine whether an individual produces low, medium, or high levels of the cytokine. The analysis was carried out using the ARMS-PCR technique.Women who developed eclampsia/pre-eclampsia with severe renal and neurological complications or had neonatal deaths/still births were more likely to have the high-producer allele T in codon 10 of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene than healthy controls. By contrast, the transforming growth factor-beta 1 producer genotype and allele frequency as determined by gene polymorphisms at codon 25 were comparable in cases and controls. The cytokine producer status per se appears to had no bearing on whether a patient developed eclampsia/pre-eclampsia.Our findings suggest that women who experience eclampsia/pre-eclampsia with severe maternal and/or fetal complications are more likely to have a genetic predisposition to produce high levels of transforming growth factor-beta 1 as defined by polymorphisms at codon 10. While it is recognized that eclampsia/pre-eclampsia has heterogenous pathomechanisms, we have demonstrated a strong relationship between poor maternal and pregnancy outcomes and codon 10 polymorphisms. The characterization of the immunogenetic make-up of the women may be an additional tool in the differentiation of component pathologies and/or prediction of severity of the syndrome.
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- 2007
59. HIV microarray for the mapping and characterization of HIV-specific antibody responses
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Daniela, Gallerano, Eva, Wollmann, Christian, Lupinek, Thomas, Schlederer, Daniel, Ebner, Christian, Harwanegg, Katarzyna, Niespodziana, Klaus, Schmetterer, Winfried, Pickl, Elisabeth, Puchhammer-Stöckl, Elopy, Sibanda, and Rudolf, Valenta
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Proteomics ,Time Factors ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Protein Array Analysis ,HIV Infections ,Antibodies, Viral ,Viral Proteins ,Antibody Specificity ,Immunoglobulin G ,HIV-1 ,Animals ,Humans ,Cattle ,Amino Acid Sequence - Abstract
We used the microarray technology to develop chips containing a comprehensive set of proteins and peptides covering the proteome of HIV-1 clade C, which is the HIV-1 subtype that causes the majority of infections worldwide. We demonstrate that the HIV microarray allows simultaneous, sensitive and specific detection of antibody responses for the major immunoglobulin classes (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE) and subclasses (IgG1-4) with minute amounts of serum samples towards a large number of HIV antigens and peptides. Furthermore, we show that the HIV chip can be used for the monitoring of antibody responses during the course of the disease and during treatment. The HIV microarray should be useful to study antibody responses to multiple HIV antigens and epitopes in HIV-infected patients to explore pathomechanisms of the disease, for diagnosis and for monitoring of treatment and of vaccine trials.
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- 2015
60. Meteorological conditions, climate change, new emerging factors, and asthma and related allergic disorders. A statement of the World Allergy Organization
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Ignacio J. Ansotegui, Menachem Rottem, Jeroen Douwes, Juan José Sienra-Monge, Fatma Al-Enezi, Karl Christian Bergmann, David J. Baker, Mona Al-Ahmad, Gennaro D'Amato, Jay M. Portnoy, Louis-Philippe Boulet, Carolina Vitale, Elopy Sibanda, Guy B. Marks, Donata Garrasi, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Carlos Nunes, Nelson Rosario, Youssouf Hassani, Stephen T. Holgate, Dennis K. Ledford, Paola Michelozzi, Tari Haahtela, Sarah Elise Finlay, Ruby Pawankar, Jeroen Buters, Hasan Bayram, Rabih Halwani, Todor A. Popov, Jay Jae-Won Oh, Mario Sánchez-Borges, Basam Mahboub, Erminia Ridolo, Sofia Dorsano, Saleh Al-Muhsen, Carlos E. Baena-Cagnani, Maria D'Amato, Lorenzo Cecchi, Maximiliano Gómez, and Marcello Montagni
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,Immunology ,Population ,Air pollution ,Developing country ,Climate change ,Review ,medicine.disease_cause ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,World economy ,Environmental health ,11. Sustainability ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Air quality index ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Global warming ,1. No poverty ,3. Good health ,030228 respiratory system ,13. Climate action ,Greenhouse gas ,sense organs ,business ,lcsh:RC581-607 - Abstract
The prevalence of allergic airway diseases such as asthma and rhinitis has increased dramatically to epidemic proportions worldwide. Besides air pollution from industry derived emissions and motor vehicles, the rising trend can only be explained by gross changes in the environments where we live. The world economy has been transformed over the last 25 years with developing countries being at the core of these changes. Around the planet, in both developed and developing countries, environments are undergoing profound changes. Many of these changes are considered to have negative effects on respiratory health and to enhance the frequency and severity of respiratory diseases such as asthma in the general population. Increased concentrations of greenhouse gases, and especially carbon dioxide (CO2), in the atmosphere have already warmed the planet substantially, causing more severe and prolonged heat waves, variability in temperature, increased air pollution, forest fires, droughts, and floods – all of which can put the respiratory health of the public at risk. These changes in climate and air quality have a measurable impact not only on the morbidity but also the mortality of patients with asthma and other respiratory diseases. The massive increase in emissions of air pollutants due to economic and industrial growth in the last century has made air quality an environmental problem of the first order in a large number of regions of the world. A body of evidence suggests that major changes to our world are occurring and involve the atmosphere and its associated climate. These changes, including global warming induced by human activity, have an impact on the biosphere, biodiversity, and the human environment. Mitigating this huge health impact and reversing the effects of these changes are major challenges. This statement of the World Allergy Organization (WAO) raises the importance of this health hazard and highlights the facts on climate-related health impacts, including: deaths and acute morbidity due to heat waves and extreme meteorological events; increased frequency of acute cardio-respiratory events due to higher concentrations of ground level ozone; changes in the frequency of respiratory diseases due to trans-boundary particle pollution; altered spatial and temporal distribution of allergens (pollens, molds, and mites); and some infectious disease vectors. According to this report, these impacts will not only affect those with current asthma but also increase the incidence and prevalence of allergic respiratory conditions and of asthma. The effects of climate change on respiratory allergy are still not well defined, and more studies addressing this topic are needed. Global warming is expected to affect the start, duration, and intensity of the pollen season on the one hand, and the rate of asthma exacerbations due to air pollution, respiratory infections, and/or cold air inhalation, and other conditions on the other hand.
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- 2015
61. Suggestions for the Assessment of the Allergenic Potential of Genetically Modified Organisms
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Rudolf Valenta, Sylvia Laffer, Elopy Sibanda, Wayne R. Thomas, Helmut Gaugitsch, Hugh A. Sampson, Marianne van Hage, Gabrielle Pauli, Hirohisa Saito, and Armin Spök
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Sequence homology ,Allergy prevention ,Current practice ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Immunology and Allergy ,General Medicine ,Biology ,business ,Organism ,Genetically modified organism ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The prevalence of allergic diseases has been increasing continuously and, accordingly, there is a great desire to evaluate the allergenic potential of components in our daily environment (e.g., food). Although there is almost no scientific evidence that genetically modified organisms (GMOs) exhibit increased allergenicity compared with the corresponding wild type significant concerns have been raised regarding this matter. In principle, it is possible that the allergenic potential of GMOs may be increased due to the introduction of potential foreign allergens, to potentially upregulated expression of allergenic components caused by the modification of the wild type organism or to different means of exposure. According to the current practice, the proteins to be introduced into a GMO are evaluated for their physiochemical properties, sequence homology with known allergens and occasionally regarding their allergenic activity. We discuss why these current rules and procedures cannot predict or exclude the allergenicity of a given GMO with certainty. As an alternative we suggest to improve the current evaluation by an experimental comparison of the wild-type organism with the whole GMO regarding their potential to elicit reactions in allergic individuals and to induce de novo sensitizations. We also recommend that the suggested assessment procedures be equally applied to GMOs as well as to natural cultivars in order to establish effective measures for allergy prevention.
- Published
- 2005
62. Typing of human papillomavirus in Zimbabwean patients with invasive cancer of the uterine cervix
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Patti Kay, S. A. Tswana, Anna-Lise Williamson, Mike Chirara, Staffan Bergström, Grazyna A. Stanczuk, Bruce Allan, and Elopy Sibanda
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Cervical cancer ,Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Invasive carcinoma ,business.industry ,virus diseases ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Medicine ,Adenocarcinoma ,Typing ,Human papillomavirus ,Restriction fragment length polymorphism ,business ,Nested polymerase chain reaction ,Cervix - Abstract
Background. Cervical cancer affects 1 in 2000 Zimbabwean women. We investigated the type-specific distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Zimbabwean women with invasive cervical cancer. Methods. We conducted a descriptive study on 98 women with invasive cervical cancer. The methods used were a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification of HPV-DNA and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to characterize the HPV types. Results. HPV-DNA was identified in 97% of the cases. HPV types 16, 33, 18 and 31 were identified in 61%, 39%, 18% and 4% of the patients, respectively. We typed one case each of HPV types 35 and 58. Multiple HPV infections were present in 24%. All patients ( n = 3) with adenocarcinoma of the cervix were infected with the HPV. Patients infected with HPV-16 alone presented at a median age of 46 years while those infected with HPV-33 alone presented at 43 years. However, patients coinfected with both HPV-16 and HPV-33 were between 10 and 13 years older (m...
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- 2003
63. Research and clinical aspects of immunology in Africa
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Elopy Sibanda
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Tuberculosis ,education ,Immunology ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,Alternative medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,Animal Diseases ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,Allergy and Immunology ,Hypersensitivity ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Societies, Medical ,health care economics and organizations ,Sustainable development ,business.industry ,Research ,medicine.disease ,Africa ,Immunologic Techniques ,Cytokine secretion ,The Internet ,business ,Malaria - Abstract
There are few immunologists in Africa. Researchers predominantly study the immunology of infectious diseases (HIV, malaria and tuberculosis), HLA genotypes and cytokine secretion patterns. Lack of research funding is the problem; continued, equitable international collaboration is a short-term answer. Sustainable development will come when African countries find ways of training and retaining scientists who will produce research and diagnostic tests. The Internet should be utilized to improve communication and as a conduit for online, virtual immunology courses.
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- 2001
64. Persistence of IgE-associated allergy and allergen-specific IgE despite CD4+ T cell loss in AIDS
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Katharina Marth, Eva Wollmann, Daniela Gallerano, Portia Ndlovu, Ian Makupe, Rudolf Valenta, and Elopy Sibanda
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Genetics and Molecular Biology (all) ,Adult ,CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Male ,Immunology ,lcsh:Medicine ,HIV Infections ,Biochemistry ,Allergic ,Allergies ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Humans ,lcsh:Science ,Immune Response ,Rhinitis ,Aged ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Medicine (all) ,lcsh:R ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Middle Aged ,Rhinitis, Allergic ,Asthma ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,Female ,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all) ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all) ,Infectious Diseases ,lcsh:Q ,Clinical Immunology ,Research Article - Abstract
The infection of CD4+ cells by HIV leads to the progressive destruction of CD4+ T lymphocytes and, after a severe reduction of CD4+ cells, to AIDS. The aim of the study was to investigate whether HIV-infected patients with CD4 cell counts
- Published
- 2013
65. Correction: HIV microarray for the mapping and characterization of HIV-specific antibody responses
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Rudolf Valenta, Christian Lupinek, Klaus G. Schmetterer, Daniel Ebner, Winfried F. Pickl, Eva Wollmann, Elopy Sibanda, Thomas Schlederer, Christian Harwanegg, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, Katarzyna Niespodziana, and Daniela Gallerano
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Microarray ,business.industry ,Biomedical Engineering ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,virus diseases ,Bioengineering ,General Chemistry ,Computational biology ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Bioinformatics ,Biochemistry ,Specific antibody ,Text mining ,Antibody response ,medicine ,business - Abstract
Correction for 'HIV microarray for the mapping and characterization of HIV-specific antibody responses' by Daniela Gallerano et al., Lab Chip, 2015, 15, 1574-1589.
- Published
- 2016
66. Cancer of the uterine cervix may be significantly associated with a gene polymorphism coding for increased IL-10 production
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Vera Pravica, Chris Perrey, Elopy Sibanda, Mike Chirara, Ian V. Hutchinson, Grazyna A. Stanczuk, and S. A. Tswana
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Adult ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Population ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,Medical microbiology ,Polymorphism (computer science) ,Genotype ,medicine ,Humans ,Risk factor ,education ,Aged ,Gynecology ,Cervical cancer ,education.field_of_study ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,business.industry ,Cancer ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,DNA extraction ,Interleukin-10 ,Oncology ,Immunology ,Female ,business - Abstract
The purpose of our prospective, case-controlled study was to investigate the hypothesis that women who are genetically programmed to produce high or medium levels of IL-10 were more likely to develop cancer of the uterine cervix than individuals genetically predisposed to low IL-10 production. The population was recruited from patients attending gynecological clinics at 2 hospitals in Harare, Zimbabwe. Laboratory tests were performed in the Departments of Immunology, Chemical Pathology and Medical Microbiology, Medical School, University of Zimbabwe, and simultaneously at the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom. Included in our study were 77 women with histologically proven cancer of the uterine cervix and 69 age- and parity-matched healthy women. All of the patients and healthy controls were from the Shona ethnic group that inhabits northern Zimbabwe. DNA was purified from cervical cytobrush samples obtained from women with cervical cancer. Control DNA was extracted from urine or peripheral blood samples from the healthy women. The Qiagen DNA extraction kit was used. Detection of allele A and/or G at −1082 in the promoter region of the IL-10 gene was carried out using the ARMS-PCR technique. Polymorphism in the amplified products was detected by gel electrophoresis in the presence of ethidium bromide and were bands visualized under UV light. The data comprise 77 women who developed invasive cervical cancer and 69 healthy women matched for age and parity. Patients with cancer were significantly (p = 0.001) more likely to be predisposed to produce higher (A/G) levels of IL-10. The genotype encoding for high (G/G) production of IL-10 was only observed in one cancer patient. The prevalence of low producers of IL-10 in the cancer group was significantly lower than in the healthy women. There were no high producers amongst the healthy women. These data suggest that the genetically acquired ability to produce higher levels of IL-10 may be a significant factor in the development of cervical cancer. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
- Published
- 2001
67. Impaired allergy diagnostics among parasite-infected patients caused by IgE antibodies to the carbohydrate epitope galactose-α 1,3-galactose
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Kurt Arkestål, Cecilia Thors, Elopy Sibanda, Marita Troye-Blomberg, Marianne van Hage, Takafira Mduluza, Rudolf Valenta, and Hans Grönlund
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Allergy ,Immunology ,Carbohydrates ,Helminthiasis ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Cross Reactions ,Immunoglobulin E ,Disaccharides ,Epitope ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Epitopes ,medicine ,Hypersensitivity ,Immunology and Allergy ,Parasite hosting ,Animals ,Humans ,Glycoproteins ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Carbohydrate ,medicine.disease ,chemistry ,Galactose ,biology.protein ,Cats ,Antibody ,Glycoprotein - Abstract
The carbohydrate epitope galactose-α 1,3-galactose (α-Gal) is abundantly expressed on nonprimate mammalian proteins. We have recently shown that α-Gal is responsible for the IgE binding to cat IgA, a newly identified cat allergen (Fel d 5).We sought to investigate the diagnostic relevance of IgE antibodies to Fel d 5 and α-Gal among parasite-infected patients from central Africa without cat allergy compared with patients with cat allergy from the same region.Sera from 47 parasite-infected patients and 31 patients with cat allergy were analyzed for total IgE and IgE antibodies against cat dander extract (CDE) by using the ImmunoCAP system. Inhibition assay was performed with α-Gal on solid phase-bound CDE. The presence of IgE specific for the major cat allergen Fel d 1, Fel d 5, and α-Gal was analyzed by means of ELISA.Among the 47 parasite-infected patients, 85% had IgE antibodies against α-Gal (OD; median, 0.175; range, 0.102-1.466) and 66% against Fel d 5 (OD; median, 0.13; range, 0.103-1.285). Twenty-four of the parasite-infected patients were sensitized to CDE, and 21 of them had IgE antibodies to Fel d 5 and α-Gal. There was no correlation between IgE levels to CDE and rFel d 1 among the parasite-infected patients but a strong correlation between CDE and Fel d 5 and α-Gal (P.001). Among the group with cat allergy, only 5 patients had IgE to α-Gal, and nearly 75% (n = 23) had IgE to rFel d 1 (median, 7.07 kU(A)/L; range, 0.51-148.5 kU(A)/L). In contrast, among the patients with cat allergy, there was a correlation between IgE levels to CDE and rFel d 1 (P.05) but no correlation between CDE and Fel d 5 and α-Gal.IgE to α-Gal causes impaired allergy diagnostics in parasite-infected patients. Screening for IgE to rFel d 1 and other allergens without carbohydrates might identify patients with true cat sensitization/allergy in parasite-infested areas.
- Published
- 2010
68. HIV/AIDS in Central Africa: pathogenesis, immunological and medical issues
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Grazyna A. Stanczuk, Elopy Sibanda, and Francis Kasolo
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,Immunology ,Adult population ,HIV Infections ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,Pregnancy ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,Africa, Central ,Child ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Food security ,business.industry ,Central africa ,Genetic Variation ,HIV ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ,Life expectancy ,Etiology ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,business - Abstract
The estimated worldwide prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections topped 52.5 million in June 2003, a mere 20 years after the aetiological agent was shown to be a sexually transmissible virus with a predilection for CD4+ T lymphocytes. More than 22 million people have died of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the condition has in one generation become the most devastating and persistent epidemics in recorded history. More than two thirds of the world total of HIV-infected people live in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Central and Southern Africa at least 20% of the adult population is infected. As these adults die, they leave increasing numbers of orphans. Life expectancy at birth declined by 10 years per decade since the late 1980s to 50 years in the late 1990s, and in Botswana it is estimated to be as low as 33 years by 2010. The epidemic is increasing unabated and prospects for a curative or protective vaccine remain remote. The impact on HIV in Africa has been so profound that it influences political, economic, agriculture/food security, social, education, defence, science and health considerations. The medical and in particular immunology communities in Central Africa have the invidious challenge of on the one hand diagnosing the condition, monitoring its impact and contributing to treatment and management efforts. The science and clinical practice of immunology is challenged to find answers to the epidemic, perhaps including a vaccine. In this review we address the peculiarities of the HIV epidemic in Africa, its epidemiology and immunopathogenesis. We address the effect of the epidemic on individual patients, in their homes, workplaces and the knock-on effects on families and friends of the infected. Respective specialists discuss special groups (women, children) that are predominantly seen in Africa. We also discuss the impact of the epidemic on the clinical practice of medicine in general and challenges faced in the introduction of antiretroviral medicines. We also discuss options available for the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of HIV-infected patients in this region.
- Published
- 2003
69. Detection of human papillomavirus in urine and cervical swabs from patients with invasive cervical cancer
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Grazyna A. Stanczuk, Elopy Sibanda, Patti Kay, Anna-Lise Williamson, Mike Chirara, Staffan Bergström, S. A. Tswana, and Bruce Allan
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,Urine ,Cervix Uteri ,Virology ,medicine ,Humans ,Mass Screening ,Typing ,Papillomaviridae ,Mass screening ,Aged ,Cervical cancer ,Gynecology ,Cervical screening ,business.industry ,Papillomavirus Infections ,HPV infection ,virus diseases ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Tumor Virus Infections ,Infectious Diseases ,Female ,Sample collection ,business ,Nested polymerase chain reaction ,Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length - Abstract
Despite the high prevalence of both human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer among Zimbabwean women, the ability to test for HPV infection of the uterine cervix is limited by a lack of an easy sample collection method that does not require gynecological examination. The presence of HPVs in urine and cervical swab samples collected from 43 women who presented with invasive cervical cancer was investigated. HPV detection was done by means of degenerate primers in a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Typing of HPVs was done using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. HPV was identified and typed in 98% (42/43) of cervical swabs and 72% (31/43) of paired urine samples. HPV type 16 was the most common (25/42, 59%), followed by types: 33 (13/42, 31%), 18 (6/42, 14%), and 31 (1/42, 2%). Type-specific concordance between cervical and urine samples was high (22/28, 79%). Therefore, the HPV types identified in urine samples in most cases represent the same HPV type infecting the cervical epithelium. The results suggest that urine may be a practical sample for testing of HPV urogenital infection. Further research is required before the detection of HPV in urine can be applied in the routine cervical screening programs.
- Published
- 2003
70. Typing of human papillomavirus in Zimbabwean patients with invasive cancer of the uterine cervix
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Grazyna A, Stanczuk, Patti, Kay, Elopy, Sibanda, Bruce, Allan, Mike, Chirara, Sam A, Tswana, Staffan, Bergstrom, and Anna-Lise, Williamson
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Adult ,Zimbabwe ,Papillomavirus Infections ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Tumor Virus Infections ,DNA, Viral ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Female ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,Papillomaviridae ,Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ,Aged - Abstract
Cervical cancer affects 1 in 2000 Zimbabwean women. We investigated the type-specific distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in Zimbabwean women with invasive cervical cancer.We conducted a descriptive study on 98 women with invasive cervical cancer. The methods used were a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for amplification of HPV-DNA and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to characterize the HPV types.HPV-DNA was identified in 97% of the cases. HPV types 16, 33, 18 and 31 were identified in 61%, 39%, 18% and 4% of the patients, respectively. We typed one case each of HPV types 35 and 58. Multiple HPV infections were present in 24%. All patients (n = 3) with adenocarcinoma of the cervix were infected with the HPV. Patients infected with HPV-16 alone presented at a median age of 46 years while those infected with HPV-33 alone presented at 43 years. However, patients coinfected with both HPV-16 and HPV-33 were between 10 and 13 years older (median age of 56 years) than patients with either HPV-16 or HPV-33 as single infections. These differences were marginally significant (p = 0.08) or significant (p = 0.02), respectively.We present the first prevalence data on HPV types in patients with cervical cancer in Zimbabwe and show that, provided appropriate techniques are employed, HPV infection can be identified in a majority of the patients. The distribution of HPV types should be taken into consideration in tailoring locally relevant vaccines against HPV.
- Published
- 2003
71. Inhalant allergies in Zimbabwe: a common problem
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Elopy Sibanda
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Adult ,Zimbabwe ,Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Immunology ,Population ,medicine.disease_cause ,Allergen ,Administration, Inhalation ,medicine ,Hypersensitivity ,Immunology and Allergy ,Animals ,Humans ,education ,Child ,Asthma ,education.field_of_study ,Mites ,business.industry ,Infant ,General Medicine ,Atopic dermatitis ,Immunoglobulin E ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Dermatology ,Allergic conjunctivitis ,respiratory tract diseases ,Latex allergy ,Child, Preschool ,Pollen ,business ,Type I hypersensitivity - Abstract
Allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic asthma and atopic dermatitis affect a quarter of the population of the industrialised countries and are the most common symptoms of type I hypersensitivity reactions. Their prevalence has been documented in many communities, yet data from Africa are limited. In the 5-year period from September 1997 to September 2002, approximately 14,000 patients of all ages were referred to the only specialist allergy clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe, for allergy investigation, diagnosis and therapeutic management. In approximately one tenth of these patients, food allergies were diagnosed; less frequent presentations included allergic pharyngitis, bee- or wasp-induced reactions and latex allergy. An allergologic basis for the clinical conditions was established following a careful clinical and physical examination, evaluation of family history and the detection of in vivo (skin prick test) or in vitro (radio-allergo-sorbent test; RAST) allergen-specific IgE antibodies to known sources of inhalant allergens, using commercial allergen extracts and a RAST assay kit. Asthma diagnosis was supported by the clinical and laboratory findings of salbutamol-reversible airways obstruction. Case files of the first 1,046 patients are reviewed in order to define the clinical presentation of allergic patients in this region. It is highlighted that allergy in general and inhalant allergy in particular are very common, if not widely acknowledged, clinical problems in this Central African region.
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- 2003
72. EFIS-EJI African International Conference on Immunity (AICI)
- Author
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Rudolf Valenta, Daniela Gallerano, Elopy Sibanda, and Eva Wollmann
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Immunity ,Africa ,Immunology ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Library science ,Communicable Diseases ,Biology - Published
- 2012
73. 435 Increasing Incidence of Food Allergy in Zimbabwe
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Elopy Sibanda
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Allergy ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,education ,Immunology ,Background data ,Population ,food and beverages ,Disease ,Poster Session ,medicine.disease ,Abstracts of the XXII World Allergy Congress ,Airborne allergen ,Food allergy ,Environmental health ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Food allergens ,business - Abstract
Background Data relating to allergic diseases in general and food allergies in particular in the Central African region is scant. Despite observations by the ISAAC studies that airborne allergen sources were common, little has been reported about food allergens. We reviewed data from our laboratory and outpatient records of patients consulted to estimate the magnitude of the disease in our population. Methods Patients attending the only specialist allergy diagnostic facility in the country (Asthma, Allergy and Immune Dysfunction Clinic) were offered semi-quantitative allergen specific IgE antibody determination as part of their diagnostic work-up. Alongside skin-prick testing, the Euroimmun immunoblots were used to establish IgE reactivity to a variety of allergen sources. Results Six hundred thirty five patients were enrolled between January 2009 and April 2011. These were born between 1931 and 2010. IgE reactivity to egg, codfish, cows milk, wheat flour, rice, soya bean, peanut, hazelnut, carrot, potato and apple was investigated using the immunoblot technique. Results were scored negative or positive. The grades of positive were weak (±), low (+), moderate (++) and high (+++). Overall, 47% of the patients reacted to one or multiple allergen sources. Across the age spectrum, allergen specific IgE reactivity was most frequent against potato (16%) and peanut (15%) and lowest against milk (2.7%) and codfish (2.7%), others were intermediate. Egg white reactivity was highest in those below the age of 5 years (7%). IgE reactivity in patients born before 1959 was less than 1%. This increased to 3.4%, 4.8% and 64% respectively in those born before 1969, 1979 and 1989. Nineteen (19%) of patients born in 1990 to 1999 were reactive to a variety of food allergen sources. Likewise, 12% of those born between 2000 and 2011 were reactive. Food allergen reactivity paralleled inhalant allergen source sensitisation in all age groups. Conclusions In this sample of symptomatic patients we have shown that allergen specific IgE reactivity to dietary sources was high. An exponential increase in IgE reactivity in patients born between 1990 and 2011 was a surprising observation. Possible explanations include urbanisation, life-style and dietary changes in this predominantly urban population. The results call for a systematic investigation of the predisposing factors.
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- 2012
74. Immunity against HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and Tuberculosis during Co-Infections with Neglected Infectious Diseases: Recommendations for the European Union Research Priorities
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Philip Onyebujoh, Bourema Kouriba, T. Mark Doherty, Andreas Thiel, Thomas Kariuki, Gianfranco Del Prete, Ulrich Steinhoff, Diana Boraschi, Robert W. Sauerwein, Howard Engers, Ben Gyan, Jean Langhorne, Ibrahim M. Elhassan, Tamás Laskay, Elopy Sibanda, Markos Abebe Alemayehu, Aldo Tagliabue, Francesca Chiodi, Marita Troye-Blomberg, Carla Palma, John Chisi, Donata Medaglini, Ali M. Harandi, Abraham Aseffa, Mahnaz Vahedi, Fred Kironde, and Ole F. Olesen
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,HIV Infections ,Malaria complications ,medicine.disease_cause ,0302 clinical medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,media_common ,0303 health sciences ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,1. No poverty ,3. Good health ,Infectious Diseases ,Infection and autoimmunity [NCMLS 1] ,lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,Tuberculosis ,Science Policy ,lcsh:RC955-962 ,Immunology ,Communicable Diseases ,Auto-immunity, transplantation and immunotherapy [N4i 4] ,03 medical and health sciences ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,Immunity ,Immunology/Immunity to Infections ,Environmental health ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,European Union ,European union ,030304 developmental biology ,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,Policy Platform ,business.industry ,Research ,Poverty-related infectious diseases [N4i 3] ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,medicine.disease ,Malaria ,Microbial pathogenesis and host defense [UMCN 4.1] ,business ,Immunity, infection and tissue repair [NCMLS 1] ,Co infection - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 69872.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Author SummaryInfectious diseases remain a major health and socioeconomic problem in many low-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. For many years, the three most devastating diseases, HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis (TB) have received most of the world's attention. However, in rural and impoverished urban areas, a number of infectious diseases remain neglected and cause massive suffering. It has been calculated that a group of 13 neglected infectious diseases affects over one billion people, corresponding to a sixth of the world's population. These diseases include infections with different types of worms and parasites, cholera, and sleeping sickness, and can cause significant mortality and severe disabilities in low-income countries. For most of these diseases, vaccines are either not available, poorly effective, or too expensive. Moreover, these neglected diseases often occur in individuals who are also affected by HIV/AIDS, malaria, or TB, making the problem even more serious and indicating that co-infections are the rule rather than the exception in many geographical areas. To address the importance of combating co-infections, scientists from 14 different countries in Africa and Europe met in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on September 9-11, 2007. The message coming from these scientists is that the only possibility for winning the fight against infections in low-income countries is by studying, in the most global way possible, the complex interaction between different infections and conditions of malnourishment. The new scientific and technical tools of the post-genomic era can allow us to reach this goal. However, a concomitant effort in improving education and social conditions will be needed to make the scientific findings effective.
- Published
- 2008
75. Der p 11 Is a Major Allergen for House Dust Mite-Allergic Patients Suffering from Atopic Dermatitis
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Kuan-Wei Chen, Yvonne Resch, Peter Valent, Katharina Blatt, Sebastian Tacke, Ursula Malkus, Adriano Mari, Elopy Sibanda, Portia Ndlovu, Susanne Vrtala, Ashok Purohit, Natalija Novak, Ines Swoboda, Rosetta Ferrara, Wayne R. Thomas, Marianne van Hage, Margit Focke-Tejkl, Gabrielle Pauli, Vladislav Krzyzanek, Rudolf Valenta, Srinita Banerjee, and Magnus Wickman
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Adult ,Male ,Allergy ,Adolescent ,Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Tropomyosin ,Dermatology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Antibodies ,Protein Structure, Secondary ,Article ,Arthropod Proteins ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Serology ,Young Adult ,Allergen ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,medicine ,Mite ,Animals ,Humans ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Antigens, Dermatophagoides ,Child ,Molecular Biology ,House dust mite ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Circular Dichroism ,Radioallergosorbent test ,Cell Biology ,Atopic dermatitis ,Immunoglobulin E ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Female ,Antibody ,Biomarkers - Abstract
House dust mites (HDMs) belong to the most potent indoor allergen sources worldwide and are associated with allergic manifestations in the respiratory tract and the skin. Here we studied the importance of the high-molecular-weight group 11 allergen from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p 11) in HDM allergy. Sequence analysis showed that Der p 11 has high homology to paramyosins from mites, ticks, and other invertebrates. A synthetic gene coding for Der p 11 was expressed in Escherichia coli and rDer p 11 purified to homogeneity as folded, alpha-helical protein as determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Using antibodies raised against rDer p 11 and immunogold electron microscopy, the allergen was localized in the muscle beneath the skin of mite bodies but not in feces. IgE reactivity of rDer p 11 was tested with sera from HDM-allergic patients from Europe and Africa in radioallergosorbent test–based dot-blot assays. Interestingly, we found that Der p 11 is a major allergen for patients suffering from atopic dermatitis (AD), whereas it is only a minor allergen for patients suffering from respiratory forms of HDM allergy. Thus, rDer p 11 might be a useful serological marker allergen for the identification of a subgroup of HDM-allergic patients suffering from HDM-associated AD.
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