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ilustraciones, gráficas, tablas Esta tesis de maestría presenta la investigación realizada para la obtención de la Metodología para la Evaluación de Software para la e-Participación – MESeP, diseñada para ser aplicable a cualquier herramienta de software para la e-Participación, siempre y cuando se tenga acceso a la información. Este trabajo surge como respuesta a varias inquietudes, tales como: la falta de rigurosidad en la definición de las etapas de evaluación para las herramientas software para e-participación, la carencia de una identificación precisa de las funcionalidades de los sistemas de información para la participación ciudadana y, la ausencia de metodologías de evaluación de herramientas de software para la participación electrónica, lo que llevó a dos preguntas orientadoras que a su vez se tradujeron en dos revisiones sistemáticas de literatura -RSL. En la primera RSL se identificaron características y factores asociados a las herramientas de software para la e-Participación, y en la segunda, a la identificación de variables e indicadores. A partir de lo anterior, se realizó la asociación de los factores con las variables identificadas y luego de las variables con los indicadores. Se realizó la primera versión de la metodología la cual fue sometida a un juicio de expertos. Luego del juicio de expertos se realizó un proceso de refinamiento, lo que dio como resultado la versión final de la MESeP que cuenta con cuatro fases y ocho actividades, de igual forma se presentan los nueve factores, 23 variables y 64 indicadores identificados. (Texto tomado de la fuente). This master thesis presents the research conducted to obtain the Methodology for the Evaluation of e-Participation Software - MESeP, designed to apply to any e-Participation software tool if access to information is available. This research emerges as a response to some lacks identified. On the one hand, there is a lack of rigorousness in the definition of evaluation stages for e-participation software tools. Another is a lack of precise identification of information systems functionalities for citizen participation. On the other hand, there are no methodologies for evaluating e-participation software tools, leading to two guiding questions translated into two systematic literature reviews SLR. The first SLR identified characteristics and factors associated with e-Participation software tools. The second one identified variables and indicators. Then, the factors were associated with the determined variables and the indicators. An expert judgment analyzed the first version of the methodology. After the expert judgment, a refinement process was carried out, resulting in the final version of the MESeP, which has four phases and eight activities and the nine factors, 23 variables, and 64 indicators identified. Incluye anexos Maestría Magíster en Ingeniería - Ingeniería de Sistemas y Computación Sistemas y organizaciones

Electronic Participation (e-Participation) allows that citizenry to use Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to take part in the government decision-making process and, consequently, in public policy-making. There are diverse initiatives to achieve e-Participation around the world, but effective participation has not been achieved yet. Additionally, the research in e-Participation is scattered and fragmented, that is why the main research topics in this field are still not defined. This paper aims to show the problems related to e-Participation in a structured way. For this purpose, a systematic literature review was carried out, which allowed identifying problems in e-Participation. Then, those problems were organised and classified into problem areas. Each problem area covers a general topic of e-Participation that needs research. This paper helps to focus on future research around the identified problems in the literature. Therefore, this study allows both driving the research in this field and advancing in the successful implementation of e-Participation initiatives. As a result, eight topics, eighteen problem areas, and seventy-three problems were identified.

Os portais eletrônicos são mecanismos muito utilizados nas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES), pois permitem o compartilhamento de dados e informações, não só à comunidade acadêmica como também, a toda a população. Considerados meios que possibilitam organizar informações de maneira adequada e objetiva, esses portais facilitam a administração e o gerenciamento institucional. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo comparar o Índice de Divulgação das Universidades Federais (IndexDUF) obtido pelos Portais Eletrônicos dos Institutos e Universidades Públicas do Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, avaliaram-se os portais eletrônicos de onze instituições gaúchas, identificando a presença de informações relacionadas a cada uma das 11 categorias que compõem o IndexDUF. A categoria mais divulgada refere-se às Atividades acadêmicas (extensão), com média geral de divulgação de 90,91%. A categoria mais divulgada por Institutos Federais (IFs) corresponde à Participação Eletrônica, e a mais divulgada pelas Universidades Federais (UFs) está relacionada às Atividades acadêmicas (extensão). Entre as menos divulgadas, estão às Características da Informação Financeira e Informação de Responsabilidade Social. A partir das análises dos resultados, conclui-se que a quantidade máxima de itens divulgados foi de 128, pela Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), sendo que as instituições divulgaram, pelo menos, 97 dos 139 itens avaliados.

AIM To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of Participation and Environment Measure-Plus (PEM+) 2.0, an optimized version of a web-based, participation-focused, care-planning tool. METHOD Twenty-two caregivers of children aged 0 to 5 years receiving rehabilitation services, who reported dissatisfaction with their child's participation, had internet access, and could read and write English, were recruited for this 2-week, single-arm pilot trial. Feasibility was assessed through retention rates, completion time, percentage of care plans developed relative to caregiver reported need, and independent completion of PEM+ 2.0. Acceptability was assessed by the Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use Questionnaire. Preliminary effects were assessed by two items on caregiver reported impact of PEM+ 2.0 on confidence for addressing their child's participation. RESULTS Eighteen caregivers completed at least one iteration of PEM+ 2.0; of those, 17 were female and 15 were 30 to 39 years old. The median completion time was 12.99 minutes (quartile 1, 6.30; quartile 3, 17.33), mean care plan creation relative to need was 50% (standard deviation [SD] 31), and 17 completed PEM+ 2.0 independently. Mean acceptability scores were 3.80 to 4.97 (SD 1.25-1.97) and mean preliminary effect scores were 4.61 to 4.72 (SD 1.85-2.24), out of 7.0. There were strong and significant positive associations between two of the three estimates of PEM+ 2.0 acceptability and caregiver confidence (r=0.577-0.793, p

مستخلص تحددت مشکلة هذه الدراسة في محاولة توضيح العلاقة بين التماس الجمهور المصري لأخبار الشأن المصري داخليا وخارجيا من هذه المواقع الإخبارية الموجهة بالعربية وانعکاس استراتيجيات الالتماس على مشارکتهم السياسية, وقد استخدمت الدراسة المنهج المسحي من خلال الاستبيان لقياس اتجاه الجمهور المصري نحو معالجة المواقع الاخبارية الموجهة للموضوعات التي تتعلق بالشأن المصري. کما اعتمدت الباحثة أيضا على منهج الدراسات الارتباطية تم توزيع الاستبيان على الجمهور المصري من خلال مشارکته الکترونيا عبر مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي ( فيس بوک ، تويتر؛ لينکد إن، والواتس اب) وقد خلص العدد النهائي للمشارکين بعد استبعاد الإجابات المتناقضة وغير الصالحة إلى 380 مفردة . وتوصلت الدراسة الى يعتمد الجمهور المصري على المواقع الإخبارية المصرية في المرتبة الاولى ، جاء في المرتبة الثانية في ترتيب الوسائل التي يعتمد عليه الجمهور المصري المواقع الإخبارية الموجهة بمتوسط حسابي 2.163 ،وجاء في المرتبة الثالثة الفضائيات الموجهة بمتوسط حسابي 2.078 ،ثم جاء في المرتبة الرابعة الفضائيات المصرية بمتوسط حسابي 1.978 ثبت صحة الفرض القائل بوجود علاقة ارتباطية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين دوافع التماس الجمهور المصري لأخبار الشأن المصري من المواقع الإخبارية الموجهة بالعربية وبين درجة المشارکة السياسية ثبتت صحة الفرض القائل بوجود علاقة ارتباطية جزئية بين استراتيجيات التماس الجمهور المصري لأخبار الشأن المصري من المواقع الإخبارية الموجهة بالعربية وبين حجم المشارکة السياسية للجمهور المصري The Egyptian public's seeking for news from Arabic-language news websites and its reflection on their political participation The problem of this study has been determined in an attempt to clarify the relationship between the Egyptian public seeking internal and external Egyptian news from these news websites in Arabic and the reflection of the petition strategies on their political participation. The study used the survey method in the questionnaire to measure the Egyptian public's attitude towards addressing news websites Egyptian affairs. The questionnaire was also distributed to the Egyptian public via electronic participation through social networking sites (Face book, Twitter, LinkedIn, and What's up). The final number of participants was eliminated after excluding contradictory and invalid responses to 380 items. The study reached • The Egyptian public depends on the Egyptian news sites in the first. in second rank, the directed news sites came in the ranking of means on which the Egyptian public depends on the at an average of 2.163. The satellite channels ranked third with an average of 2.078, followed by Egyptian satellite channels with an average of 1.978 • The validity of the hypothesis that there is a statistically significant correlation between the motives of the Egyptian public for the news of Egyptian affairs from the news websites in Arabic and the degree of political participation • The hypothesis that there is a partial correlation between the strategies of the Egyptian public seeking news from Egyptian news websites and the political participation of the Egyptian public

O aumento na utilização das novas tecnologias da informação e da comunicação pela sociedade e a migração da informação baseada em papel para mídias eletrônicas proporcionam uma manipulação mais eficiente das informações, oferecendo novas formas de interação entre as pessoas e impulsionando instituições governamentais a oferecerem novos canais de comunicação para a sociedade. Assim, mais e mais plataformas têm surgido com essas características, que são chamadas de plataformas participação e colaboração eletrônica, ou de e-participação e de e-colaboração, e que visam ampliar a participação cidadã nas tomadas de decisões da administração pública. Visando avaliar o quão colaborativas e interativas são tais ferramentas, foi utilizado o modelo i3C para analisar as plataformas de e-participação e e-colaboração governamentais disponibilizadas no Brasil. Com os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa, foi possível identificar as plataformas que são mais interativas, e que tem maior adesão da população brasileira.

A multiple-mediation model of e-government maturity is proposed.TOE contextual factors has direct relationships with e-government maturity.E-participation mediates TOE contextual factorse-government maturity relationships.The proposed model is tested using archival data from 183 countries.Findings contribute e-government literature, and provide indications for practice. Utilizing the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) theory and the literature on citizen engagement, we formulated a multiple-mediation model examining (1) the TOE contextual factors affecting governments willingness to implement electronic participation (e-participation) in form of e-information sharing, e-consultation, and e-decision-making in a country and its electronic government (e-government) maturity; and (2) the mediating role of governments willingness to implement e-participation in a country on the relationships between its TOE contextual factors and e-government maturity. Specifically, we hypothesized that information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure (representing the Technology context), governance (representing the Organization context), and human capital (representing the Environment context) has both direct and indirect relationships with e-government maturity through the mediating roles of governments willingness to implement e-participation. Based on archival data from 183 countries, results showed that while ICT infrastructure and human capital were positively associated with governments willingness to implement e-participation and e-government maturity, governance was not significantly associated with them. Also, governments willingness to implement e-participation had significant associations with its e-government maturity. Specifically, of three dimensions of e-participation, governments willingness to implement e-information sharing and e-decision-making were positively associated with e-government maturity, and its willingness to implement e-consultation was negatively associated. Further, governments willingness to implement e-information sharing, e-consultation, and e-decision-making partially mediated the influences of ICT infrastructure and human capital on e-government maturity. Results also indicated that the relationship of governance with e-government maturity was not mediated by governments willingness to implement e-participation. Findings contribute to the theoretical discourse on e-government by highlighting the roles of the TOE contextual factors on governments willingness to implement e-participation and e-government maturity, and provide indications for practice in managing e-government maturity by (1) enhancing governments willingness to implement appropriate e-participation dimensions; and (2) leveraging the effects of the TOE contextual factors on governments willingness to implement e-participation and e-government maturity.

[ES] La relevancia de la opinión de los ciudadanos ha aumentado en la última década. Hoy, muchas administraciones gubernamentales han establecido procesos de participación pública como uno más de los pilares necesarios para tomar una decisión sobre varios aspectos críticos de la gobernanza. Las iniciativas de participación electrónica facilitan a los ciudadanos el acceso a dichos procesos. En la actualidad, no existe una definición de campo clara y aceptada debido a la gran diversidad de propuestas teóricas y la naturaleza interdisciplinaria de las iniciativas. Se han propuesto varios marcos y aplicaciones de participación electrónica desarrollados ad-hoc para responder a una iniciativa específica. Sin embargo, todavía no se ha desarrollado una propuesta metodológica que cubra de forma integral todo el proceso de e-Participación y que, además, esté soportado por una herramienta software. Esta tesis revisa la literatura actual en el campo de la e-Participación mediante un mapeo sistemático del trabajo de investigación junto con algunas propuestas anteriores relevantes en el área, con el ánimo de proporcionar una guía conceptual de los componentes de la e-Participación. Esta revisión analiza los hallazgos y agrupa los resultados con el fin de estructurar un marco conceptual de e-Participación al que denominamos ePfw, un marco para ayudar a la definición e implementación de procesos e-Participación. ePfw modela todos los componentes, etapas, actividades y flujos de información que ocurren en un proceso de e-Participación. ePfw incorpora un metamodelo que muestra una perspectiva estructural en la que se especifican las propiedades de las entidades que participan en los procesos de e-Participación. Además, se presenta una evaluación de la completitud y funcionalidad de ePfwTool, una herramienta de soporte para el marco ePfw, la cual ha sido evaluada por usuarios expertos en e-Participación, mostrando los resultados obtenidos. Por otra parte, y dado que es necesario crear un entorno confiable para que los ciudadanos elijan participar en los procesos de e-Participación, esta tesis analiza los factores que influyen directamente en la confianza en las iniciativas de e-Participación a través de una investigación empírica. El estudio se realiza en los ciudadanos de la ciudad de Valencia (España) y analiza los factores predominantes que influyen en el procedimiento, la tecnología y el riesgo percibido o beneficios de la e-Participación electrónica. Los resultados obtenidos se exponen a través de modelos creados y sintetizados con la herramienta SmartPLS. Finalmente, se ha enriquecido marco ePfw con la incorporación de los factores de confianza analizados., [CA] La rellevància de l'opinió dels ciutadans ha augmentat en l'última dècada. Avui, moltes administracions governamentals han establit processos de partici-pació pública com un més dels pilars necessaris per prendre una decisió sobre diversos aspectes crítics de la governança. Les iniciatives de participació elec-trònica faciliten als ciutadans l'accés a aquests processos. En l'actualitat, no existeix una definició de camp clara i acceptada causa de la gran diversitat de propostes teòriques i la naturalesa interdisciplinària de les iniciatives. S'han proposat diversos marcs i aplicacions de participació electrònica desenvolupats ad hoc per respondre a una iniciativa específica. No obstant això, encara no s'ha desenvolupat una proposta metodològica que cobrisca de forma integral tot el procés d'una d'e-Participació i que, a més, estigui suportat per una eina. Aquesta tesi revisa la literatura actual en el camp de la e-Participació mitjançant un mapatge sistemàtic de la feina d'investigació juntament amb algunes propostes anteriors rellevants en l'àrea, amb l'ànim de proporcionar una guia conceptual dels components de la e-Participació. Aquesta revisió analitza les troballes i agrupa els resultats que permeten estructurar un marc conceptual de e-Participació al qual denominem ePfw, un marc per ajudar a la definició i im-plementació de processos e-Participació. ePfw modela tots els components, etapes, activitats i fluxos d'informació que tenen lloc en un procés de e-Participació. ePfw incorpora un metamodel que mostra una perspectiva estructural en què s'especifiquen les propietats de les entitats que participen en els processos de e-Participació. A més, es presenta una avaluació de la completesa i funcionalitat de ePfwTool, una eina de suport per al marc ePfw, la qual ha sigut avaluada per usuaris experts en e-Participació, mostrant els resultats obtinguts. D'altra banda, i atés que és necessari crear un entorn de confiança perquè els ciutadans trien participar en els processos de e-Participació, aquesta tesi analitza els factors que influeixen directament en la confiança en les iniciatives de e-Participació a través d'una investigació empírica. L'estudi es realitza en els ciutadans de la ciutat de València (Espanya) i analitza els factors predominants que influeixen en el procediment, la tecnologia i el risc percebut o beneficis de la e-Participació. Els resultats obtinguts s'exposen a través de models creats i sintetitzats amb l'eina SmartPLS. Finalment, s'ha enriquit marc ePfw amb la incorporació dels factors de confiança analitzats., [EN] The relevance of the opinion of citizens has increased in the last decade. Many government administrations have now introduced public participation processes as a necessary part of making decisions on critical aspects of governance. Although electronic participation initiatives provide citizens with access to these processes. Currently, there is no clear and accepted definition of the field due to the great diversity of theoretical proposals and the interdisciplinary nature of the initiatives. Various e-Participation frameworks and applications developed ad-hoc have been proposed to respond to a specific initiative. However, a methodological proposal has not yet been developed that covers the entire e-Participation process supported by a software tool. This thesis reviews the current literature in the field of e-Participation through a systematic mapping of the research work together with some previous relevant proposals for the area, with the aim of providing a conceptual guide to the components of e-Participation. This review analyzes the findings and groups the results in order to structure a conceptual framework for e-Participation which we call ePfw, a framework to assist in the definition and implementation of e-Participation processes. ePfw can model all the components, stages, activities and information flows that occur in an e-Participation process. ePfw incorporates a metamodel that shows a structural perspective in which the properties of the entities that participate in the e-Participation processes are specified. An assessment of the completeness and functionality of ePfwTool, a support tool for the ePfw framework, is also described and has been evaluated by various e-Participation experts, showing the results obtained. Given that there is a need to create a reliable environment for citizens to choose to participate in e-Participation processes, this thesis analyzes through empirical research the factors that directly influence trust in e-Participation initiatives. The study is carried out on the citizens in the city of Valencia (Spain) and analyzes the predominant factors that influence the procedure, the technology involved and the perceived risks and benefits of e-Participation. The results obtained are explained through models created and synthesized with the SmartPLS tool. Finally, the ePfw framework was improved by incorporating the trust factors analyzed.

В статье определяются основные проблемы управленческой деятельности органов местной исполнительной власти по организации взаимодействия с населением в Интернет-пространстве (на материалах г. Волгограда), сформулированные на основании результатов анкетного опроса населения (n = 500) и опроса экспертов (N = 50). Согласно полученным данным, управленческая деятельность органов местной исполнительной власти оценивается как недостаточно эффективная из-за отсутствия разработанного и утвержденного плана действий, а также недостатков в регламентации самого процесса взаимодействия городских властей и граждан в Интернет-пространстве. Основными проблемами выступают незначительное использование и узкий набор форм электронной интеракции, а также недостаточная степень информированности жителей города даже об имеющихся формах. По мнению населения и экспертов, это происходит по причине отсутствия должного внимания органов местной исполнительной власти к компонентам Интернет-пространства как механизму гражданского участия. Обеспечить эффективность не только управленческой деятельности в сфере взаимодействия органов местной исполнительной власти и населения в Интернет-пространстве, но и создать потенциал для повышения результативности муниципального управления будет возможно в ходе разработки стратегии, направленной на организацию, правовую регламентацию и поэтапное планирование данного направления управленческой политики. Авторы предлагают осуществление поэтапной организации следующих видов деятельности: 1) целеполагания, сбора и анализа информации о состоянии взаимодействия городской власти и граждан в Интернет-пространстве; 2) корректировки нормативно-правовой базы, обеспечивающей взаимодействие в электронной среде; 3) организации электронного участия жителей города в процессе городского управления; 4) формирования системы общественного контроля; 5) оценки практики управления для определения необходимости корректировки плана мероприятий., The article identifies the main problems of the management activities of the local executive authorities in arranging interaction with the population in the Internet (based on the materials of Volgograd), formulated on the basis of the results of a questionnaire survey of the population (n = 500) and a survey of experts (N = 50). According to the data obtained, the management activities of local executive authorities are assessed as insufficiently effective due to the lack of a developed and approved action plan, as well as deficiencies in the regulation of the very process of interaction between city authorities and citizens in the Internet space. The main problems are the insignificant use and narrow set of forms of electronic interaction, as well as the lack of awareness of city residents even about the available forms. According to the population and experts, this is due to the lack of due attention of local executive authorities to the components of the Internet space as a mechanism of civic participation. It will be possible to ensure the effectiveness of not only management activities in the field of interaction between local executive authorities and the population in the Internet space, but also to create the potential for increasing the effectiveness of municipal management in the course of developing a strategy aimed at organizing, legal regulation and phased planning of this direction of management policy. The authors propose the implementation of a phased organization of the following activities: 1) goal-setting, collection and analysis of information on the state of interaction between the city government and citizens in the Internet space; 2) adjusting the regulatory framework that ensures interaction in the electronic environment; 3) organization of electronic participation of city residents in the process of city management; 4) formation of a system of public control; 5) assessing management practices to determine the need to adjust the action plan., Бизнес. Образование. Право, Выпуск 4 (53) 2020

The main objective of this research is to examine the use of Information & Communication Technologies (ICT) and derive the success factors of eParticipation initiatives according to the electronic government (eGovernment) content evaluation. For this purpose, an African study took place using a two-step methodological technique: ‘review of the United Nations’ eGovernment survey report; and a wide review from the existing literature. The results suggest that the tools and technologies presently applied are mainly general purpose and not exactly designed for eParticipation. In addition, the results indicated that success factors can be categorized into seven groups of factors: government commitment; usability; combination of both online and offline networks; comprehensive communication and encouraging plan; security and privacy, organizational issues; and topics complexity. A comparison with reviewed factors of eParticipation initiatives success suggests there are similarities and significant differences on ICT usage among countries. This study anticipates that its results could be of interest to practitioners as it highlights some knowledge in a practical way. Furthermore, this research could be of interest to researchers as it contributes in validating eParticipation evaluation models.

Recently we have witnessed declining confidence of citizens in public authorities in developed countries. The paper provides an insight into the tools of e-democracy as a critical component of a developed democracy. We claim that one of the possible reasons for the loss of confidence of the citizens is that the traditional mechanisms of democracy do not often comply with the decision of those who govern. Only the citizens who show interest by watching and following current events, and who know where to look for this information, get to the final output in the form of regulations, decrees, laws, etc. Publication of the outcomes of public administration and governance on their web sites enables to keep track of the news and at the same time, creates a space for the development of the active participation of citizens in the management of public affairs with a feedback.

This study aims to conduct a systematic review of technology aadption factors of electronic participation applicaton in Indonesia. Application of LAPOR as Online People’s Aspirations and Complaints Service has been developed to fulfill the public demands to actively participate in the formulation of government policies. However, there is limited understanding about technology acceptance regarding to users’ behaviour especially in Indonesia. The method used is a systematic review with the PRISMA approach, consisting of five stages, namely defining eligibility criteria; define the source of information; literature selection; data collection and item selection with synthesis techniques. The results showed that there were 40 constructs of technology adoption of LAPOR application. The implication of this research is that government institutions could better understand what important factors that influence the adoption of technology.

This study aims to propose a conceptual model in the context of e-participation technology adoption. This research develops the UTAUT base-line model with several constructs, namely Insecurity and Gamification. The impact of gamification to increase user participation is not widely known, especially regarding the acceptance of e-participation. The method used is a literature study related to several best practice models such as UTAU, TRI and gamification constructs. The results showed a total of 7 constructs and 6 hypotheses proposed in this study. All these constructs are performance performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, insecurity, gamification impact and behavioral intention to use. The implication of this research is that the lack of public participation in digital platforms can be increased through redesign of e-participation by applying the gamification approach.

The research work on understanding whether citizens will readily accept to engage with governments in e-participation initiatives through social media remains limited. Therefore, this study investigates the factors that are influencing citizens' intention to engage in government-led e-Participation initiatives through Facebook. To that end, the study proposes and validates a citizen-centric acceptance model. The proposed model extends the model primarily established on the theory of planned behavior, by incorporating additional factors that emerged from relevant literature. The research data were collected from a survey of 400 Facebook users in Jordan using a probability sample technique. The results revealed that the factors with the most significant influence on citizens' intention to engage in government-led e-participation initiatives through Facebook are: the citizens' attitude, participation efficacy, and perceived behavior control. Subjective norms and perceived value, however, have no direct effect on citizens' intention to engage in government-led e-participation initiatives through Facebook. Furthermore, the results showed that the citizens' attitude is primarily determined by participation efficacy, perceived usefulness and compatibility of Facebook, and perceived value. In contrast, the factors perceived ease of use of Facebook, citizens' trust in government, and citizens' trust in Facebook, have no significant impact on citizens' attitude. These factors have rarely been empirically tested in the context of e-participation. Consequently, this study paves the way towards a better understanding of the important factors that influence citizens' intention to participate, which, in turn, will inform the design and implementation of e-participation initiatives.

Date Presented 03/29/20 This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and value of implementing the Young Children’s Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) as an evidence-based, family-centered, and electronic participation-focused assessment option within an early-intervention setting. Results support the implementation of YC-PEM as a feasible, acceptable, and valued option for engaging families in planning family-centered and participation-focused early-intervention services. Primary Author and Speaker: Vera Kaelin Additional Authors and Speakers: Mary Khetani Contributing Authors: Erin Albrecht, Briana Rigau, Jodi Dooling-Litfin, Elizabeth Scully, Natalie Murphy, Beth McManus

Компетенції: здатність ефективно спілкуватися на професійному та соціальному рівнях з використанням фахової термінології; здатність демонструвати знання базових категорій та новітніх теорій, концепцій, технологій та методів у сфері міжнародних відносин; здатність до реалізації процесів пошуку, передачі та аналізу інформації, підбору та використання аналітичного інструментарію в формуванні політичного рішення для імплементації зовнішньополітичної стратегії, в усіх сферах міжнародних відносин, глобальної та регіональної комунікації; здатність підтримувати належний рівень теоретичних знань та постійно підвищувати свою професійну підготовку.

Izobraževanje na visokošolski ravni je danes ključna gonilna sila inovativne družbe. Znanje diplomantov je v prvi vrsti odvisno od kakovosti izvedbe pedagoškega procesa, ta pa je odvisna od več dejavnikov – eden od njih je gotovo mnenje oz. zadovoljstvo študentov. Problem se pojavi, ker je povratna informacija študentov upoštevana minimalno ali pa sploh ni in prepozno ali sploh ne vpliva na stanje. Izziv je mogoče rešiti na eni strani z ažurnim in transparentnim, po drugi strani pa z anonimnim, a poštenim zbiranjem povratnih informacij o kakovosti izvedbe pedagoškega procesa. Diplomsko delo se zato osredotoča na iskanje učinkovitega sistema podajanja povratnih informacij o izvedenem pedagoškem procesu ali njegovih izvajalcih s strani študentov. Z razvito rešitvijo smo fakulteti omogočili, da lahko dobi več ažurnih povratnih informacij s strani študentov, tako da študenti ocenjujejo vsako predavanje oziroma vaje posebej. To smo dosegli z razvojem mobilne aplikacije, ki smo jo razvili upoštevajoč potrebe študentov, ki smo jih ugotovili prek ankete, izvedene s pogovornim robotom. Z anketo smo ugotovili pomanjkljivosti trenutnega sistema ter možne izboljšave v aplikaciji. Ugotovili smo, da je mobilna aplikacija zaželena, pri čemer je najbolj zaželena frekvenca podajanja povratne informacije o kakovosti izvedbe pedagoške aktivnosti mesečno oziroma redkeje. Prednost izdelane aplikacije je predvsem anonimnost ocenjevanja, ki je zagotovljena, saj ni potrebna prijava v sistem. Prispevek diplomskega dela je predvsem praktičen, tj. mobilna aplikacija. Z njo Fakulteta za upravo od študentov prejme več povratnih informacij, kar ob predpostavki, da se te povratne informacije upoštevajo, vpliva na kakovostnejše izvajanje študijskega procesa. Today, higher education is a key driving force of an innovative society, and knowledge of graduates depends primarily on the quality of the pedagogical process. The quality of the pedagogical process depends on several factors, one of which is without doubt the satisfaction of students. The problem arises because students' feedback is barely, if even, taken into consideration, as well as too late or simply does not affect the situation. The challenge can be resolved with up-to-date, transparent, anonymous and fair feedback on the quality of the educational process. The diploma work therefore focuses on finding an effective feedback system about pedagogical process or its providers by students. With the developed solution, we have achieved that the faculty can receive more up-to-date feedback from students in such a way that students evaluate each lecture or exercise separately. We achieved this through the development of a mobile application, which was developed according to the needs of students, which were found through a survey that we performed with a talk bot. The survey found out the weaknesses of the current system and possible improvements for the application. We have found that the mobile application is desirable and that the most desirable frequency of providing feedback on the quality of the performance of pedagogical activity is monthly or less frequently. The advantage of the designed application is above all the anonymity of the evaluation, which is ensured because it is not necessary to register in the system. The contribution of the thesis is primarily practical - mobile application. With it, the Faculty of Administration receives more feedback from students, which, assuming that feedback is taken into account, affects the quality of the implementation of the study process.

В работе анализируются проблемы формирования региональной публичной политики в интернет-пространстве. Подчеркивается необходимость взаимодействия региональных органов власти с социальными сетями в контексте одного из способов развития публичной политики в Волгоградской области., This paper discusses the issues of regional public policy formation in the Internet. The authors emphasize the necessity of interaction of regional authorities with social networks in the context of one of the ways to develop public policy in the Volgograd region.

[ES] Este trabajo fin de grado consta del análisis del comportamiento integral de un proceso de participación pública definiendo con profundidad todas sus características y funciones. Así pues, primero que todo se especifica el concepto de participación pública para una mayor comprensión sobre éste. Por otra parte, se diseña una herramienta de entorno de soporte capaz de efectuar y automatizar cualquier proceso de este tipo electrónicamente. En este diseño se incluye la documentación del comportamiento de un procedimiento de participación pública, la planificación previa a dicho desarrollo y la comprobación final para confirmar el correcto funcionamiento, [CA] Aquest treball fi de grau consta de l'anàlisi del comportament integral d'un procés de participació pública definint amb profunditat totes les seves característiques i funcions. Així doncs, primer que tot s'especifica el concepte de participació pública per a una major comprensió sobre aquest. D'altra banda, es dissenya una eina d'entorn de suport capaç d'efectuar i automatitzar qualsevol procés d'aquest tipus electrònicament. En aquest disseny s'inclou la documentació del comportament d'un procediment de participació pública, la planificació prèvia a aquest desenvolupament i la comprovació final per confirmar el correcte funcionament, [EN] This end-of-degree project consists of the analysis of the integral behavior of a process of public participation, defining in depth all its characteristics and functions. So, first of all, the concept of public participation is specified for a better understanding of it. On the other hand, it is designed a support environment tool capable of making and automating any such process electronically. This design includes documentation of the behavior of a public participation procedure, the prior planning to such development and the final verification to confirm the correct operation

This paper aims to investigate the outcomes of participatory processes in an e-petition portal. In order to understand the decisions made by governmental bodies based on the proposals for policy changes provided by citizens this research uses a qualitative, case study-based approach. The selected case is the e-petition portal called "Russian Public Initiative" (RPI), since this portal is the one officially recognized tool for collection citizens' petitions at all levels (federal, regional, and municipal). The data collected includes 9800 initiatives on the portal. The findings show that only 25 initiatives (0.26%) received any solution, being 88% of the successful petitions at the federal level, and the rest 12%- at the municipal level. We have revealed that Russian Public Initiative pretending to serve as a decision- tool in practice presents more a consultation tool.

The expansion of telecommunication and progress of electronic media constitute important elements of our times. The recent worldwide convergence of information and communication technologies (ICT) and dynamic development of the mass media is leading to noticeable changes in the functioning of contemporary states and societies. Currently, modern technologies play more and more important roles and filter down to almost every field of contemporary human life. It results in the growth of online interactions that can be observed by the inconceivable increase in the number of people with home PCs and Internet access. The proof of it is undoubtedly the emergence and use of concepts such as e-society, e-banking, e-services, e-government, e-government, e-participation and e-democracy. The newly coined word e-democracy evidences that modern technologies have also been widely used in politics. Without any doubt in most countries all actors of political market (politicians, political parties, servants in political/public sector, media) use modern forms of communication with the society. Most of these modern technologies progress the processes of getting and sending information to the citizens, communication with the electorate, and also – which seems to be the biggest advantage – electoral procedures. Thanks to implementation of ICT the interaction between politicians and electorate are improved. The main goal of this text is to analyze electronic voting (e-voting) as one of the important forms of electronic democracy in terms of security aspects. The author of this paper aimed at answering the questions of security of electronic voting as an additional form of participation in elections and referenda.

The expansion of telecommunication and progress of electronic media constitute important elements of our times. The recent worldwide convergence of information and communication technologies (ICT) and dynamic development of the mass media is leading to noticeable changes in the functioning of contemporary states and societies. Currently, modern technologies play more and more important roles and filter down to almost every field of contemporary human life. It results in the growth of online interactions that can be observed by the inconceivable increase in the number of people with home PCs and Internet access. The proof of it is undoubtedly the emergence and use of concepts such as e-society, e-banking, e-services, e-government, e-government, e-participation and e-democracy. The newly coined word e-democracy evidences that modern technologies have also been widely used in politics. Without any doubt in most countries all actors of political market (politicians, political parties, servants in political/public sector, media) use modern forms of communication with the society. Most of these modern technologies progress the processes of getting and sending information to the citizens, communication with the electorate, and also – which seems to be the biggest advantage – electoral procedures. Thanks to implementation of ICT the interaction between politicians and electorate are improved. The main goal of this text is to analyze electronic voting (e-voting) as one of the important forms of electronic democracy in terms of security aspects. The author of this paper aimed at answering the questions of security of electronic voting as an additional form of participation in elections and referenda., {"references":["A Comparative Assessment of Electronic Voting. http://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=rec/tech/ivote/comp&document=description&lang=e#fg1 (last access 11 Oct. 2012).","Horrocks I., Pratchett L., Democracy and New Technology, Electronic Democracy: Central Themes and Issues. http://www.clubofamsterdam.com/contentarticles/Democracy%20and%20New%20Technology.pdf (last access 12 May 2016).","Gawrysiak P., Cyfrowa rewolucja. Rozwój cywilizacji informacyjnej. Warszawa 2008.","London S., Teledemocracy vs. Deliberative Democracy? 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Citizen participation (CP) aims to reinforce citizens' involvement in decision-making processes concerning significant choices that will affect their communities. As information and communication technologies have been gradually adopted in CP processes, CP evolved to become e-participation. Among technologies that are relevant to citizen participation, [2] note that visualization tools are the key to effective participatory processes. In this paper we offer a better understanding of how geovisualization could enhance citizen participation, thanks to its potential to offer several benefits for a CP process in its different steps. The major contributions of this research are: (1) we outline the main steps of citizens in participatory processes based on a literature review; (2) we demonstrate how geovisualization has the potential to represent citizens' living context through spatial, temporal and semantic dimensions. Thus, we offer a better understanding of geovisualization benefits for citizens in each step of the participatory processes. Eventually, the findings of this paper will be further tested through the implementation of a prototype participatory approach.

Electronic participation (eParticipation) refers to the use of Information and Communication Technologies to enhance political participation and citizen engagement. During the last few years, eParticipation researchers have focused on analysing the field, investigating the main challenges, studying different initiatives, and proposing relevant evaluation criteria. However, current literature lacks comprehensive studies for understanding the factors influencing success when designing eParticipation initiatives. The main aim of this paper is to determine a concrete set of success factors to be considered when designing an eParticipation initiative. For this purpose, we review the literature on eGovernment success and on eParticipation success and evaluation, and we conduct a European-wide survey and desktop research amongst eParticipation practitioners. By comparing findings from the literature and the practitioners' research, we thereafter construct a proposed model of eParticipation success factors. The model includes 23 success factors and specific activities associated with each factor. We anticipate that our model will be useful to both eParticipation researchers and practitioners interested in the design of eParticipation initiatives.

Purpose– The purpose of the present paper is to attempt to examine the determinants of citizens’ electronic participation with respect to the communication aspects. To accomplish this objective, using the extant literature, the paper delineated factors that determine and the theories that can explain citizens’ e-participation. An analysis of citizens’ democratic communication through multiple e-participation forums is carried out, and the determinants of electronic participation are described in the paper.Design/methodology/approach– In light of the literature, e-participation services were classified on the basis of characteristics of democratic communications. The factors that determine citizens’ online democratic participation were also identified and validated. Indian citizens who often e-participate were surveyed through online and offline questionnaires. A regression analysis of the 407 responses was carried out to predict the influence of individual, governance and technology components on various e-participation initiatives.Findings– Citizens’ participation efficacy, value system and participation freedom were found to determine different e-participation initiatives. Further, e-participation is also found to be varyingly determined by the governance and technology components.Research limitations/implications– The theoretical contribution of this study includes the classification of determining factors and the illustrative labeling (I, G and T) for an e-participation framework. The delineation of e-participation from democratic communication aspects also contributes to the e-participation literature. However, this research had considered only one set of e-participation services and had incorporated only select forms of e-participation that are in coherence with the services selected.Originality/value– Past studies often consider separate e-participation forums and infrequently report a simultaneous analysis of multiple e-participation forums. The factors that determine citizens’ e-participation from a democratic communication aspect are also inadequately discussed. The significant contribution of this study includes policy recommendations to improve e-participation in different information and communication technologies initiatives.

Due to the need to institutionalize citizen participation into political participation, the following are shown: The conditions for its legal status in Mexico, the potential of digital media to overcome political and communicative limitations, and the privileged case of the participatory budget. Some risks and benefits of electronic participation are presented.

E-participation is a modern way of participation that in the process of city planning,the government builds a communication information platform by which the public, especially the stakeholders can get the relevant decision making information, express their views and interests and enhance the capability of the planning decisions with the help of internet and modern communication technology. The application of e-participation in city planning is mainly reflected in three aspects; electronic information dissemination, e-feedback and electronic forum.

Whilst the idea of utilizing social media to advance government-led e-Participation initiatives has proliferated significantly in recent years, mostly such initiatives do not meet the intended expectations, as the majority of them fail to attract wider citizens’ audience. Overall, the key factors that could explain and predict citizens’ participation are not yet thoroughly identified. Therefore, the current study develops a theoretical citizen-centric model that seeks to explain and predict the intention of citizens’ behavior towards their involvement in government-led e-Participation initiatives through social media. The methodological approach is primarily based on utilizing and extending one of the well-known theories for describing a person acceptance behavior, namely the Theory of Planned Behavior. The model applies the main constructs of the Theory – attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control; and complements them with several constructs drawn from relevant literature. The paper contributes to understanding the reasons why citizens decide to engage or not in government-led e-Participation initiatives through social media., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The Internet as a low-threshold communication channel provides the possibilities to exchange knowledge, communicate with each other and act outside of the traditional frameworks to nearly everybody around the globe. Therefore, digitalization processes, resulted by diffusion of information and communication technologies, might have massively transformed the contemporary urban settings. The essential elements in this contemporary urban setting are flow of communication and information exchange that are happening through networks. Recently, the widespread of smartphones and tablets with their unique features (e.g. embedded sensors, multi-channel communication, high-speed mobile Internet, intuitive design and portability) have changed the interaction of citizens in and with the urban environment. Furthermore, the new science of cities understands cities as dynamic setting embedded with flows and networks between individual actors and the urban environment, which entails urban planning as a collective process. This indicates that the planning approach has experienced that beside top-down approaches, bottom-up perspective in decision making processes is occurring. Given this fact, today it is no longer the question whether the public should be involved, but rather with which methods a broader spectrum of citizens can cooperate in planning processes. Thus, the participatory methods should be evolved aligned with the new characteristics of the contemporary urban settings and utilize the potentials offered by mobile technologies to enhance the citizen engagement processes in urban planning. Hence, this project’s goal is to investigate a relatively new emerging form of participation as Mobile Participation (mParticipation), which refers to the use of mobile devices (mobile phones, smart phones and tablets) in participation processes. This research, at the first step, endeavors to study the relevance, advantages, disadvantages and specific characteristics of mParticipation. In the next step, the influence of utilizing mobile technologies on communication between different actors, flow of information as well as citizens’ network (as the essential elements in the contemporary urban settings) are studied. Finally, the influence of utilizing mobile technologies (smart phones and tablets) on the output and quality of output is investigated. Doing that, a comprehensive literature review on current debates in digitalization in urban settings (smart cities), citizen engagement in urban planning discourse (collaborative planning) and characteristics of citizen engagement in the age of information and technology (electronic participation mobile participation) has been conducted. In order to investigate the mParticipation from practical aspects and processes, several mParticipation projects from USA as well as Europe are evaluated and field tests (using FlashPoll application) are carried out in Berlin. These analyses are enriched by 15 expert interviews (from USA and Germany). The results of this research project elaborate the potentials, limitations and characteristics of mParticipation in urban planning. In addition, the influences of mParticipation on information flow, communication between stakeholders, the network of citizens and quality of participation outputs are clarified. Although, mParticipation offers new and unique opportunities to urban planning processes, the results of this research shows that there is still room for knowledge generation in this field of study. In addition, the continuous technological advancement in the field of mobile technologies shapes mParticipation field as a dynamic field of research., Das Internet als niederschwelliger Kommunikationskanal bietet die Möglichkeit für fast alle auf der ganzen Welt, Wissen auszutauschen, miteinander zu kommunizieren und außerhalb der traditionellen Rahmenbedingungen zu agieren. Daher könnten die Digitalisierungsprozesse, die durch die Verbreitung von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien entstehen, die zeitgenössischen städtischen Umfelder massiv verändern. Die wesentlichen Elemente in diesem zeitgenössischen urbanen Umfeld sind die Kommunikation und der Informationsaustausch, die durch Netzwerke geschieht. Die Verbreitung von Smartphones und Tabletten beeinflusste in letzter Zeit mit ihren einzigartigen Features (z. B. eingebettete Sensoren, mehrkanalige Kommunikation, High-Speed Internet, intuitives Design und Portabilität) die Interaktion von Bürgern in und mit der städtischen Umgebung. Darüber hinaus versteht die neue Stadtforschung Städte als dynamische Einstellung, die mit Flüssen und Netzwerken zwischen einzelnen Akteuren und der städtischen Umwelt eingebettet ist, was die Stadtplanung als kollektiven Prozess bedingte. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass der Planungsansatz erlebt hat, dass neben Top-down-Ansätzen eine Bottom-up-Perspektive in Entscheidungsprozessen auftritt. Angesichts dieses Faktes ist heute nicht mehr die Frage, ob die Öffentlichkeit beteiligt sein sollte, sondern mit welchen Methoden ein breiteres Spektrum von BürgerInnen in Planungsprozessen zusammenarbeiten kann. Deswegen sollten die partizipativen Methoden in Übereinstimmung mit den neuen Charakteristika der zeitgenössischen urbanen Umgebung entwickelt und die Potenziale der mobilen Technologien genutzt werden, um die Bürgerbeteiligungsprozesse in der Stadtplanung zu verbessern. Ziel dieses Projektes ist es daher, eine relativ neue Form der Partizipation als mobile Partizipation (mPartizipation) zu untersuchen, die sich auf die Nutzung mobiler Geräte (Mobiltelefone, Smartphones und Tablets) in Beteiligungsprozessen bezieht. Diese Forschung bemüht sich im ersten Schritt, die Relevanz, die Vor- und Nachteile sowie die Besonderheiten der mPartizipation zu untersuchen. Im nächsten Schritt wird die Auswirkungen der Nutzung mobiler Technologien auf die Kommunikation zwischen verschiedenen Akteuren, Informationsfluss sowie das Netzwerk der BürgerInnen (als wesentliche Elemente der zeitgenössischen urbanen Umgebung) untersucht. Schließlich wird der Einfluss der Nutzung von mobilen Technologien (Smartphones und Tablets) auf die Qualität der Beteiligungsergebnisse untersucht. Eine umfassende Literaturrecherche wurde über aktuelle Diskussionen über die Digitalisierung in städtischen Gebieten (intelligente Städte), das Engagement der Bürger im Stadtplanungsdiskurs (kollaborative Planung) und die Charakteristika des Bürgerengagements im Zeitalter der Information und Technologie (elektronische Partizipation, mPartizipation) geführt. Um die mPartizipation aus praktischen Aspekten und Prozessen zu untersuchen, werden mehrere mPartizipationsprojekte aus den USA sowie Europa ausgewertet und Feldtest (mit FlashPoll App) in Berlin durchgeführt. Diese Analysen werden durch 15 Experteninterviews (aus USA und Deutschland) bereichert. Die Ergebnisse dieses Forschungsprojekts erarbeiten die Potenziale, Einschränkungen und Charakteristika von mPartizipation in der Stadtplanung. Darüber hinaus werden die Einflüsse von mPartizipation auf den Informationsfluss, die Kommunikation zwischen den Akteuren, das Netzwerk der Bürger sowie die Qualität der Partizipationsergebnisse auseinandergesetzt. Obwohl mPartizipation neue und einzigartige Möglichkeiten für Stadtplanungsprozesse bietet, zeigen die Ergebnisse dieser Forschung, dass es in diesem Studienfeld noch Raum für die Wissenserzeugung gibt. Darüber hinaus prägt der kontinuierliche technologische Fortschritt der mobilen Technologien das mPartizipation als ein dynamisches Forschungsfeld.

Resumo No alvorecer do século XXI, os modelos tradicionais já não conseguem dar respostas satisfatórias às demandas da sociedade, precipitando uma nova reinvenção do Estado. Esse período corresponde, por um lado, à emergência de modernas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), ubíquas e interativas. Por outro lado, essa fase é marcada pela crescente fragmentação do poder estatal, em paralelo com o aumento proporcional de regimes democráticos no mundo. Nesse contexto, emerge a “Governança Responsiva”, modelo orientado por princípios de responsabilização, transparência e participação, no qual a efetividade se vincula a seu atributo-chave: a responsividade. Portanto, torna-se fundamental aprofundar o entendimento dessa mudança de paradigma, em particular no que tange ao papel desempenhado pelo governo. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as relações entre a participação eletrônica e três aspectos-chave: governo eletrônico, efetividade governamental e responsabilização dos agentes públicos (accountability). Para tanto, lançou-se mão de uma abordagem dedutiva e objetiva da qual derivou uma estratégia de trabalho de natureza quantitativa, com emprego do método de análise bivariada denominado correlação linear de Pearson. Em suma, constatou-se que altos índices de desenvolvimento do governo eletrônico estão correlacionados a altos índices de participação eletrônica. Além disso, verificou-se que quanto mais elevado o nível de participação eletrônica, mais elevado o nível de efetividade governamental e também de responsabilização dos agentes públicos. Abstract At the dawn of the XXI century, traditional models are no longer able to give satisfactory answers to the society demands, precipitating a new reinvention of the State. This corresponds, on the one hand, to the emergence of modern Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), ubiquitous and interactive. On the other hand, this phase is marked by the increasing fragmentation of State power in parallel with the proportional increase of democratic regimes around the world. In this context emerges the “Responsive Governance”, a model driven by principles of accountability, transparency and participation, where effectiveness is linked to its key attribute: responsiveness. This article aims to analyze the relations between electronic participation and three key aspects: e-government, government effectiveness and accountability. To do so, it employed a deductive and objective approach which derived a working strategy of quantitative nature using a bivariate analysis method called the Pearson correlation. In short, it was found that high rates of development of government are correlated with high levels of electronic participation. Furthermore, it was found that the higher the level of electronic participation the higher the level of government effectiveness and also accountability.