64 results on '"Eisenbeck, Nikolett"'
Search Results
52. Dataset study Reappraisal of Personal Values in Cancer
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Fernández Carreño, David and Eisenbeck, Nikolett
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psicología ,cancer ,sentido en la vida - Abstract
This is the dataset used for the study titled Reappraisal of Personal Values in Cancer: The Clinical Benefits of Meaning-in-Life Adaptability
- Published
- 2017
53. Effects of a Focused Breathing Mindfulness Exercise on Attention, Memory, and Mood: The Importance of Task Characteristics
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Eisenbeck, Nikolett, primary, Luciano, Carmen, additional, and Valdivia-Salas, Sonsoles, additional
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
54. Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II; Hungarian Version
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Eisenbeck, Nikolett, primary and Szabó-Bartha, Anett, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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55. A brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based intervention among violence-prone male inmates delivered by novice therapists
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Eisenbeck, Nikolett, Sheitz, Katalin, Szekeres, Boglárka, Eisenbeck, Nikolett, Sheitz, Katalin, and Szekeres, Boglárka
- Abstract
Acceptance and mindfulness-oriented cognitive and behavioral therapies, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) are implemented in a wide range of different populations, but are not commonly used currently in correctional facilities. Objective: This study aimed to assess an intervention based on ACT in comparison with a treatment as usual condition (TAU) among inmates. Method: We compared 10 group sessions of ACT (n=9) with TAU (n=8) among male prisoners charged with violent crimes, administered by novice ACT therapists. Results: At postintervention, ACT was more effective in enhancing values-consistent behaviors than TAU as measured by the Valued Living Questionnaire. Depression, anxiety and psychological flexibility did not change after any of the treatments. These results were maintained at three-month follow-up. Conclusions: A brief ACT intervention delivered by inexperienced ACT therapists can be effective in increasing values-behavior consistency among male inmates. ACT may be a viable and cost-effective intervention alternative in penitentiary contexts.Keywords: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT); inmates; novice therapists; short intervention., Las terapias cognitivo-conductuales basadas en la aceptación y la atención plena, como la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT), se aplican en una amplia gama de poblaciones, pero su uso no es habitual en establecimientos penitenciarios. Objetivo: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar una intervención basada en ACT en comparación con el tratamiento habitual (TH) entre internos de una prisión. Método: Se compararon 10 sesiones grupales de ACT (n = 9) con TH (n = 8), administradas por los terapeutas noveles a internos varones acusados de crímenes violentos. Resultados: Después de la intervención, ACT fue más eficaz que TH en mejorar los comportamientos basados en valores, medidos a través del Valued Living Questionnaire (Cuestionario de Valores). Los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y flexibilidad psicológica no cambiaron después de cualquiera de los tratamientos. Estos resultados se mantuvieron a los tres meses de seguimiento. Conclusiones: Una intervención breve de ACT, aplicada por terapeutas con poca experiencia, puede ser eficaz para aumentar la consistencia entre el comportamiento y los valores personales de internos masculinos. ACT puede ser una alternativa viable y rentable en contextos penitenciarios.Palabras clave: Terapia de Acepotación y Compromiso (ACT), internos, terapeutas nóveles, intervención breve.
- Published
- 2016
56. Differential Effect of Autistic Label in Intervention with Children
- Author
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Barbero Rubio, Adrián, Eisenbeck, Nikolett, López, Juan C., Molina Cobos, Francisco Javier, Barbero Rubio, Adrián, Eisenbeck, Nikolett, López, Juan C., and Molina Cobos, Francisco Javier
- Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze whether the label autistic (considering both the low performance and exceptional performance labels) influences the behavior of nine psychology students when teaching tasks to children with this diagnosis. The presence of various children who had to learn to perform a color discrimination task and a visual-motor task was simulated during the experiment. The participants observed the behavior of the imaginary children and could provide contingencies of reinforcement and response cost to them. Two experimental phases were established in which participants had to teach different children: an autistic child, a child without developmental problems, an autistic child who was exceptionally skilled in the tasks and a child without developmental problems who was unskilled in the tasks. The participants were informed of the characteristics of the children prior to the tasks. Results show significant differences in the participants’ response patterns depending on the experimental conditions and tasks. The influence of the autistic label is discussed in terms of the participants’ behavior. How to cite: Barbero-Rubio A, Molina-Cobos FJ, Eisenbeck N, & López JC (2016). Effecto diferencial de la etiqueta autista en la intervención de niños [Differential effect of autistic label in intervention with children]. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 16, 281-293.
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- 2016
57. Disruption of Hypnotic Behavior
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Cangas, Adolfo J., Luciano Soriano, María Carmen, Pérez Álvarez, Marino, Ruiz Sánchez, L. Jorge, Eisenbeck, Nikolett, Cangas, Adolfo J., Luciano Soriano, María Carmen, Pérez Álvarez, Marino, Ruiz Sánchez, L. Jorge, and Eisenbeck, Nikolett
- Abstract
Hypnosis has often been considered a mysterious phenomenon. In recent decades, procedures have been developed that have allowed us to explain this phenomenon in terms of variables of social or cognitive theories. However, previous approaches have not permitted formulating or delimiting the conditions that are responsible for following suggestions or their explanation in terms of involuntariness. For this purpose, two experiments were performed. In the first one, two hypnotic protocols were compared, the differences of which were aimed at influencing the voluntary and involuntary explanation of following suggestions and the effect of multiple exposure to both protocols. In the second experiment, four procedures to facilitate the voluntary interpretation of behavior were incorporated. The results of the first experiment yielded no statistically significant differences. However, in the second experiment, it was noted that changing the assessment questionnaire of the hypnotic experiences decreased following suggestions by 26%, and together with this, the use of explicit instructions did so by 67%. These results are discussed with regard to changes in rule-governed or instructional behavior in the so-called hypnotic phenomenon.
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- 2015
58. Dysfunctional Attitude Scale--Revised; Spanish Version
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Ruiz, Francisco J., primary, Suárez-Falcón, Juan C., additional, Odriozola-González, Paula, additional, Barbero-Rubio, Adrián, additional, López-López, Juan C., additional, Eisenbeck, Nikolett, additional, Budziszewska, Lidia, additional, and Gil, Enrique, additional
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- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
59. Interferencia de la supresión directa y derivada en una tarea de alta demanda cognitiva. Un estudio preliminar
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Galera-Barbero, Juan C., Barbero Rubio, Adrián, Uclés Juárez, Rubén, Navarro Gómez, Noelia, Ruiz Jiménez, Francisco José, Eisenbeck, Nikolett, Luciano Soriano, María Carmen, Galera-Barbero, Juan C., Barbero Rubio, Adrián, Uclés Juárez, Rubén, Navarro Gómez, Noelia, Ruiz Jiménez, Francisco José, Eisenbeck, Nikolett, and Luciano Soriano, María Carmen
- Abstract
A preliminary study. The present study analyzes the transfer of the suppression function and its interference effect on a high cognitive demand task. Twelve participants were randomly assigned to the control and experimental conditions. In Phase 1, participants completed the questionnaires AAQ-II (Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II) and WBSI (White Bear Suppression Inventory), and were exposed to a working memory task (TM-I) in which an abstract stimulus (B1), irrelevant for the task, appeared in several occasions. In Phase 2, experimental participants were instructed and trained in suppressing the thoughts related to B1. Control participants carried out the same task but without receiving the suppression instruction. Then, all participants were exposed to an aloud verbalization task and to the second memory task (TM-II). In Phase 3, all participants were trained and tested for the formation of two 4-member equivalence classes (Class 1: A1-B1-C1-D1; Class 2: A2-B2-C2-D2). In Phase 4, the test for transfer of functions, a second period of aloud verbalizations and the third memory task (TM-III; C1 stimulus appeared in this case) were carried out. Four of the 7 experimental participants showed the transfer of the suppression function. Unlike control participants, experimental participants did not significantly increase their performance along the three working memory tasks.
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- 2012
60. An international study on psychological coping during COVID-19: Towards a meaning-centered coping style
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Eisenbeck, Nikolett, Carreno, David F., Wong, Paul T.P., Hicks, Joshua A., García, Ana María Ruíz-Ruano, Puga, Jorge L., Greville, James, Testoni, Ines, Biancalani, Gianmarco, López, Ana Carla Cepeda, Villareal, Sofía, Enea, Violeta, Schulz-Quach, Christian, Jansen, Jonas, Sanchez-Ruiz, Maria-Jose, Yıldırım, Murat, Arslan, Gökmen, Cruz, José Fernando A., Sofia, Rui Manuel, Ferreira, Maria José, Ashraf, Farzana, Wąsowicz, Grażyna, Shalaby, Shahinaz M., Amer, Reham A., Yousfi, Hadda, Chukwuorji, JohnBosco Chika, Guerra, Valeschka M., Singh, Sandeep, Heintzelman, Samantha, Hutapea, Bonar, Béjaoui, Bouchara, Dash, Arobindu, Schlosser, Karoly Kornel, Anniko, Malin K., Rossa, Martin, Wongcharee, Hattaphan, Avsec, Andreja, Kocjan, Gaja Zager, Kavčič, Tina, Leontiev, Dmitry A., Taranenko, Olga, Rasskazova, Elena, Maher, Elizabeth, and García-Montes, José Manuel
- Abstract
Background/Objective:This study examined the role of different psychological coping mechanisms in mental and physical health during the initial phases of the COVID-19 crisis with an emphasis on meaning-centered coping. Method:A total of 11,227 people from 30 countries across all continents participated in the study and completed measures of psychological distress (depression, stress, and anxiety), loneliness, well-being, and physical health, together with measures of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping, and a measure called the Meaning-centered Coping Scale (MCCS) that was developed in the present study. Validation analyses of the MCCS were performed in all countries, and data were assessed by multilevel modeling (MLM). Results:The MCCS showed a robust one-factor structure in 30 countries with good test-retest, concurrent and divergent validity results. MLM analyses showed mixed results regarding emotion and problem-focused coping strategies. However, the MCCS was the strongest positive predictor of physical and mental health among all coping strategies, independently of demographic characteristics and country-level variables. Conclusions:The findings suggest that the MCCS is a valid measure to assess meaning-centered coping. The results also call for policies promoting effective coping to mitigate collective suffering during the pandemic.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
61. Efecto diferencial de la etiqueta diagnóstica autista en la intervención con niños.
- Author
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Rubio, Adrián Barbero, Cobos, Francisco J. Molina, Eisenbeck, Nikolett, and Lópezx, Juan C.
- Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze whether the label autistic (considering both the low performance and exceptional performance labels) influences the behavior of nine psychology students when teaching tasks to children with this diagnosis. The presence of various children who had to learn to perform a color discrimination task and a visual-motor task was simulated during the experiment. The participants observed the behavior of the imaginary children and could provide contingencies of reinforcement and response cost to them. Two experimental phases were established in which participants had to teach different children: an autistic child, a child without developmental problems, an autistic child who was exceptionally skilled in the tasks and a child without developmental problems who was unskilled in the tasks. The participants were informed of the characteristics of the children prior to the tasks. Results show significant differences in the participants' response patterns depending on the experimental conditions and tasks. The influence of the autistic label is discussed in terms of the participants' behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
62. Meaning in life and psychological well-being in addiction, cancer, and university students
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Fernández Carreño, David, García Montes, José Manuel, and Eisenbeck, Nikolett
- Subjects
meaning in life ,cáncer ,cancer ,bienestar psicológico ,estudiantes universitarios ,university students ,sentido en la vida ,Psychological well-being - Abstract
The main aim of this doctoral dissertation was to advance research on meaning in life and its relationship with mental health. To this end, the role of meaning in life in the wellbeing of three distinct populations was analyzed: people with addiction, cancer patients, and university students. The thesis research is theoretically framed from existential positive psychology (PP2.0, Wong, 2009, 2011a), a paradigm that claims the importance of treating and integrating both the positive aspects of living (e.g., positive emotions and relationships) and the negative aspects of human existence (e.g., suffering and death) to achieve optimal functioning and personal flourishing. In line with Viktor E. Frankl’s ideas, positive existential psychology considers that the most adaptive coping mechanism that allows us to transcend suffering and find greater personal prosperity is the use of meaning in life. This dissertation includes a theoretical review on different topics related to meaning in life and three empirical studies that provide evidence on the importance of this construct in psychological well-being. As a starting point, a re-conceptualization of addiction was made by criticizing the brain disease model and supporting a meaning-centered approach. Addiction is widely considered a chronic brain disease. However, this biomedical model has serious epistemological and practical limitations. From a more pluralistic perspective, we discuss the problematic self-regulation often observed in people with addiction. People with this problem, whether related to substance abuse, gambling, surfing the internet and social networks, shopping, or eating, often manifest existential struggles that can explain their addiction’s development and maintenance. Relational problems, avoidance of guilt and responsibility, and lack of meaning in life have been evidenced in the literature. At the base of addiction, there seems to be both maladjustment in coping with the negative side of life and a problematic search for positive emotions that cannot be obtained naturally from social interactions. Therefore, the Meaning-Centered Approach (MCA) is proposed for addiction recovery. Based on positive existential psychology, this approach aims to help clients find purpose in life and integrate them with society. MCA can be an essential complement for conventional addiction treatments. Study 1 aimed to adapt the Personal Meaning Profile-Brief (PMP-B, McDonald et al., 2012) to the Spanish-speaking population and investigate its psychometric properties. The PMP-B is a 21-item instrument that measures meaning in life through seven sources: relationship, intimacy, achievement, self-acceptance, self-transcendence, fair treatment, and religion. Before this study, there was no Spanish instrument with validated scores to measure standardized sources of meaning in life. Participants in Study 1 were 546 Spanish adults composed of a community sample (n = 171) and university students (n = 375). The Spanish versions of the PMP-B, the Ryff's Scales of Psychological Well-Being (Díaz et al., 2006; original, Ryff, 1989), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21, Bados et al., 2005; original, Brown et al., 1997) were administered. The results showed that the Spanish version of the PMP-B has a bifactorial structure with one general factor (meaning in life) and seven sub-factors (sources of meaning). In addition, measurement invariance was found between ages, gender, and samples. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were satisfactory. Older people showed higher PMP-B scores than younger people. The PMP-B scores, especially relational sources of meaning, were positively associated with psychological well-being and negatively with psychological distress, mainly with depression. The validity evidence collected in Study 1 supports the reliable use of the PMP-B to measure meaning in life among the Spanish adult population. The PMP-B can make a valuable contribution to the meaning-centered research. In the subsequent studies of this dissertation, this tool was used. Study 2 was carried out among the oncological population. Its purpose was to analyze the impact of a cancer diagnosis on personal values, exploring how adaptability in the valuessystem influenced the patients’ quality of life. The study included 144 cancer patients registered in the Hospital of Torrecárdenas (Almería) and a healthy control group consisting of 158 adults with similar demographic characteristics. To measure the change in values retrospectively, we developed the Valued Living Questionnaire - Perceived Change (VLQ-PC), a modified version of the Valued Living Questionnaire (VLQ, Wilson et al., 2010). The psychometric properties of the VLQ-PC evaluated were satisfactory, showing various indices of reliability and validity. The results indicated that cancer patients had greater meaning in life, scored higher in the values of tradition and benevolence, showed higher self-acceptance levels, and greater use of religion than healthy adults. Besides, most cancer patients perceived a significant change in their personal values since diagnosis, compared to their counterparts. This values change consisted of giving greater importance and becoming more personally involved in areas such as family, intimate relationships, parenting, friendship, recreation, spirituality, citizenship, physical care, and self. However, values such as work, power, and stimulation decreased in importance after diagnosis. Those patients who showed this change in values benefited from higher levels of meaning in their lives and better indices of quality of life than patients who showed inflexibility in their values system. The findings of Study 2 demonstrate the clinical relevance of the adaptability of the patient’s meaning in life to the cancer experience, providing an instrument with validated scores to measure perceived changes in values. The VLQ-PC can be particularly useful in the growing interventions focused on meaning to the oncological population. Study 3 aimed to design and implement a pilot intervention to promote meaning in life through death awareness and prosociality in close relationships. Despite the strong theoretical link between prosociality and meaning in life, very few experimental studies have provided evidence of the causal relationship between these variables. The intervention consisted of five sessions, including a group introduction to Frankl’s and Wong’s theories, a group guided meditation to imagine receiving a cancer diagnosis, an individual conversation about different existential issues (values, life history, relationships, death, and self-transcendence), and two sessions with group dynamics aimed to generate intimacy and prosociality. The intervention was carried out in a group of 25 university students. The results were compared with a control group composed of 22 students. Quantitative measures were applied at three points (pre, post, and follow-up after four months), while qualitative measures were used at the end of the intervention. The results indicated that the experimental group increased their levels of prosociality and self-transcendence, giving more importance to social areas in their lives, especially intimate relationships for which they were more involved after the intervention, as compared to the control group. Consequently, participants in the intervention showed an increase in their meaning in life maintained at follow-up. In addition, this group reported greater personal growth, greater self-worth, and lower stress levels than the control group at the end of the intervention. Study 3 provides evidence of the prosocial and relational nature of meaning in life as well as points out numerous personal benefits from developing death awareness, prosociality, and interpersonal closeness. Finally, we included a chapter to discuss the relationship between death and meaning in life. In this chapter, we explain the difficulty of the psychological process of dying in Western cultures, making a brief proposal on how to live meaningfully through the last moments of life. The practice of self-transcendence at various levels is presented as the best psychological tool against death anxiety. Additionally, we discuss the usefulness of death awareness to live more meaningfully at any time in our lives. Resumen: El objetivo principal de esta tesis doctoral fue avanzar la investigación sobre el sentido en la vida y su relación con la salud mental. Con este fin, se analizó el papel del sentido en la vida en el bienestar de tres poblaciones: personas con adicción, pacientes con cáncer y estudiantes universitarios. La investigación de la tesis se enmarca teóricamente desde la psicología existencial positiva (PP2.0, Wong, 2009, 2011a), un paradigma que reivindica la importancia de tratar e integrar tanto los aspectos positivos (p. ej., emociones y relaciones positivas) como los aspectos negativos de la existencia humana (p. ej., sufrimiento y muerte) para lograr un mayor bienestar y prosperidad personal. En línea con las ideas de Viktor E. Frankl (1905–1997), la psicología existencial positiva considera que el mecanismo principal de afrontamiento que permite transcender el sufrimiento y alcanzar un funcionamiento óptimo es el uso del sentido en la vida. La tesis abarca tanto una revisión teórica sobre diferentes temáticas relacionadas con el sentido en la vida, como tres estudios empíricos que aportan evidencia sobre la importancia de este constructo en el bienestar psicológico. Como punto de partida, se hizo una re-conceptualización de la adicción criticando el modelo de la enfermedad en el cerebro, y apoyando un enfoque centrado en el sentido. La adicción es ampliamente considerada como una enfermedad crónica del cerebro. Sin embargo, este modelo biomédico presenta serias limitaciones epistemológicas y prácticas. Desde un enfoque más pluralista, discutimos sobre la auto-regulación problemática que suele observarse en personas con adicción. Las personas con este problema, ya sea relacionado con el abuso de sustancias, el juego, el surfeo por internet y redes sociales, las compras o la alimentación, suelen manifestar luchas existenciales que pueden explicar el desarrollo y mantenimiento de su adicción. Los problemas relacionales, la evasión de la culpa y la responsabilidad, y la falta de sentido en la vida han sido evidenciados en la literatura. En la base de la adicción parece haber tanto una desadaptación a la hora de afrontar el lado más negativo de la vida como una búsqueda problemática de emociones positivas que no se pueden obtener naturalmente de las interacciones sociales. Por ello, se propone el enfoque centrado en el sentido (MCA por sus siglas en inglés) para el tratamiento de la adicción. Basado en la psicología existencial positiva, este enfoque pretende ayudar a los clientes a encontrar un propósito en la vida e integrarlos en la sociedad. El enfoque centrado en el sentido puede ser un complemento fundamental para los tratamientos convencionales para las adicciones. El Estudio 1 tuvo como principal objetivo adaptar el Personal Meaning ProfileBrief (PMP-B; McDonald et al., 2012) a la población hispanohablante e investigar sus propiedades psicométricas. El PMP-B es un instrumento de 21 ítems que mide el sentido en la vida a través de siete fuentes: relaciones, intimidad, logro, auto-aceptación, autotranscendencia, trato justo y religión. Antes de este estudio, no disponíamos de un instrumento con puntuaciones validadas en español que midiera fuentes de sentido en la vida estandarizadas. Los participantes del Estudio 1 fueron 546 adultos españoles compuestos de una muestra comunitaria (n = 171) y estudiantes universitarios (n = 375). Se administraron las versiones en español del PMP-B, las Ryff's Scales of Psychological Well-Being (Díaz et al., 2006; original, Ryff, 1989) y la Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21, Bados et al., 2005; original, Brown et al., 1997). Los resultados mostraron que la versión española del PMP-B tiene una estructura bifactorial con un factor general (sentido en la vida) y siete subfactores(fuentes de sentido). Además, se encontró invarianza de medida entre edades, género y muestras. La consistencia interna y la fiabilidad test-retest fueron satisfactorias. Las personas de mayor edad mostraron puntuaciones más altas en el PMP-B que los más jóvenes. Las puntuaciones del PMP-B, especialmente las fuentes de sentido relacionales, se asociaron positivamente con el bienestar psicológico y negativamente con el malestar psicológico, principalmente con depresión. La evidencia de validez recogida en este estudio apoya el uso fiable del PMPB para medir el sentido en la vida. El PMP-B puede suponer una valiosa contribución en la investigación sobre el sentido en la vida. En los siguientes estudios de la tesis se hizo uso de esta herramienta. El Estudio 2 se realizó en población oncológica. Su objetivo fue analizar el impacto de un diagnóstico de cáncer en los valores personales, explorando cómo la adaptabilidad en el sistema de valores influía en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. En el estudio participaron 144 pacientes con cáncer adscritos al Hospital de Torrecárdenas (Almería) y un grupo control sin enfermedad compuesto de 158 adultos con similares características demográficas. Para medir retrospectivamente el cambio de valores se desarrolló el Valued Living Questionnaire – Perceived Change (VLQ-PC), una versión modificada del Valued Living Questionnaire (VLQ, Wilson et al., 2010). Las propiedades psicométricas del VLQ-PC evaluadas fueron satisfactorias, mostrando diversos índices de fiabilidad y validez. Los resultados indicaron que los pacientes con cáncer presentan un mayor sentido en la vida, valores más altos en tradición y en benevolencia, mayor auto-aceptación y mayor uso de la religión que los adultos sin esta enfermedad. Asimismo, la mayoría de pacientes con cáncer percibieron un cambio significativo en sus valores personales desde el diagnóstico, en comparación con sus homólogos. Este cambio de valores consistió en dar una mayor importancia e implicarse más personalmente en áreas como la familia, las relaciones íntimas, los hijos, los amigos, el ocio, la espiritualidad, la ciudadanía, el cuidado físico, así como uno mismo. Por otro lado, valores como el trabajo, el poder y la estimulación disminuyeron en importancia tras el diagnóstico. Aquellos pacientes que mostraban este cambio de valores disfrutaban de un mayor sentido en sus vidas y mejores índices de calidad de vida que los pacientes que mostraban inflexibilidad en el sistema de valores. Los hallazgos de este estudio manifiestan la importancia clínica de la adaptabilidad del sentido en la vida a la experiencia del cáncer, aportando un instrumento con puntuaciones validadas para medir el cambio de valores cuyo uso puede resultar particularmente útil en las crecientes intervenciones centradas en el sentido para población oncológica. El Estudio 3 tuvo como objetivo diseñar e implementar una intervención piloto para promover el sentido en la vida a través de la consciencia de la muerte y la prosocialidad en las relaciones cercanas. A pesar del fuerte vínculo teórico entre la prosocialidad y el sentido en la vida, muy pocos estudios experimentales han aportado evidencia de la relación causal entre estas variables. La intervención consistió en cinco sesiones, incluyendo una introducción grupal a las teorías de Frankl y Wong, una meditación guiada en grupo para imaginar el recibimiento de un diagnóstico de cáncer, una conversación individual sobre diferentes cuestiones existenciales (valores, historia de vida, relaciones, muerte y auto-transcendencia), y dos sesiones con dinámicas grupales dirigidas a generar intimidad y prosocialidad. La intervención se llevó a cabo en un grupo de 25 estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados se compararon con un grupo control de otros 22 estudiantes. Se utilizaron tanto medidas cuantitativas, aplicadas en tres puntos (pre, post y seguimiento a los cuatro meses), como medidas cualitativas, recogidas al terminar la intervención. Los resultados mostraron que, en comparación con el grupo control, el grupo experimental incrementó sus niveles de prosocialidad y autotranscendencia, dando más importancia a las áreas sociales en sus vidas, especialmente las relaciones íntimas para las que estuvieron significativamente más involucrados tras la intervención. En consecuencia, los participantes en la intervención mostraron un incremento en el sentido en sus vidas que llegó a mantenerse en el seguimiento. Además, este grupo reportó mayor crecimiento personal, mayor valor a sí mismos y menores niveles de estrés que el grupo control al finalizar la intervención. El Estudio 3 aporta evidencia del carácter prosocial y relacional del sentido en la vida, así como señala numerosos beneficios personales fruto de desarrollar la consciencia de la muerte, la prosocialidad y la cercanía interpersonal. Finalmente, se incluyó un capítulo en el que se profundiza sobre la relación entre la muerte y el sentido en la vida. En este capítulo explicamos la dificultad del proceso psicológico de morir en las culturas occidentales, haciendo una breve propuesta sobre cómo vivir con sentido a través de los últimos momentos de vida. La práctica de la autotrascendencia a varios niveles se presenta como la mejor herramienta psicológica contra la ansiedad hacia la muerte. Adicionalmente, debatimos sobre la utilidad de la conciencia de la muerte para vivir de manera más significativa en cualquier momento de nuestras vidas.
- Published
- 2020
63. Intentions to be Vaccinated Against COVID-19: The Role of Prosociality and Conspiracy Beliefs across 20 Countries.
- Author
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Enea V, Eisenbeck N, Carreno DF, Douglas KM, Sutton RM, Agostini M, Bélanger JJ, Gützkow B, Kreienkamp J, Abakoumkin G, Abdul Khaiyom JH, Ahmedi V, Akkas H, Almenara CA, Atta M, Bagci SC, Basel S, Berisha Kida E, Bernardo ABI, Buttrick NR, Chobthamkit P, Choi HS, Cristea M, Csaba S, Damnjanovic K, Danyliuk I, Dash A, Di Santo D, Faller DG, Fitzsimons G, Gheorghiu A, Gómez Á, Grzymala-Moszczynska J, Hamaidia A, Han Q, Helmy M, Hudiyana J, Jeronimus BF, Jiang DY, Jovanović V, Kamenov Ž, Kende A, Keng SL, Kieu TTT, Koc Y, Kovyazina K, Kozytska I, Krause J, Kruglanski AW, Kurapov A, Kutlaca M, Lantos NA, Lemay EP, Lesmana CBJ, Louis WR, Lueders A, Malik NI, Martinez A, McCabe KO, Mehulić J, Milla MN, Mohammed I, Molinario E, Moyano M, Muhammad H, Mula S, Muluk H, Myroniuk S, Najafi R, Nisa CF, Nyúl B, O'Keefe PA, Osuna JJO, Osin EN, Park J, Pica G, Pierro A, Rees J, Reitsema AM, Resta E, Rullo M, Ryan MK, Samekin A, Santtila P, Sasin E, Schumpe BM, Selim HA, Stanton MV, Sultana S, Tseliou E, Utsugi A, van Breen JA, Van Lissa CJ, Van Veen K, vanDellen MR, Vázquez A, Wollast R, Yeung VW, Zand S, Žeželj IL, Zheng B, Zick A, Zúñiga C, and Leander NP
- Subjects
- Humans, Intention, COVID-19 Vaccines therapeutic use, SARS-CoV-2, Cross-Sectional Studies, Vaccination, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control
- Abstract
Understanding the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake is important to inform policy decisions and plan vaccination campaigns. The aims of this research were to: (1) explore the individual- and country-level determinants of intentions to be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, and (2) examine worldwide variation in vaccination intentions. This cross-sectional online survey was conducted during the first wave of the pandemic, involving 6697 respondents across 20 countries. Results showed that 72.9% of participants reported positive intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19, whereas 16.8% were undecided, and 10.3% reported they would not be vaccinated. At the individual level, prosociality was a significant positive predictor of vaccination intentions, whereas generic beliefs in conspiracy theories and religiosity were negative predictors. Country-level determinants, including cultural dimensions of individualism/collectivism and power distance, were not significant predictors of vaccination intentions. Altogether, this study identifies individual-level predictors that are common across multiple countries, provides further evidence on the importance of combating conspiracy theories, involving religious institutions in vaccination campaigns, and stimulating prosocial motives to encourage vaccine uptake.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
64. [Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: Theoretical background and practice].
- Author
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Eisenbeck N, Schlosser KK, Szondy M, and Szabó-Bartha A
- Subjects
- Behavior Therapy, Emotions, Humans, Hungary, Mental Disorders, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
- Abstract
The Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is one of the modern, so-called third-wave behavioural therapies. Among them the most successful is ACT, both in the number of therapists and respective scientific research. ACT's theoretical and philosophical background is described explicitly and its therapeutic interventions were developed according to this philosophy. Its psychopathological model is based on the idea that mainly the person's regulatory efforts of their own thoughts and feelings lead to psychological problems. That is, the source of human suffering and various psychological problems is the so called psychological inflexibility: control attempts of private events instead of living a life based on personal values and long-term goals. Therefore, clinical work in ACT focuses on the acceptance and defusion of the unwanted inner experiences and on the development of a meaningful life. The present article aims to provide a comprehensive description of ACT in Hungarian: its theoretical background, clinical techniques, and efficacy. At the end of the article, the state of ACT in Hungary will also be briefly discussed.
- Published
- 2016
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