84 results on '"Edilu Jorga"'
Search Results
52. Demography and determinants of dog and cat ownership in three towns of West Shoa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
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Getachew Kebebew Tola, Solomon Shiferaw Endale, Lencho Megersa Marami, Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin, Edilu Jorga Sarba, and Abraham Mekebib Getaneh
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Male ,Demography, determinants ,040301 veterinary sciences ,030231 tropical medicine ,Population ,Developing country ,Head of Household ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Community type ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dogs ,medicine ,Dog ,Animals ,Humans ,Risks and benefits ,education ,health care economics and organizations ,education.field_of_study ,CATS ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,Zoonosis ,Ownership ,Cat ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,Pets ,medicine.disease ,Health risks ,Geography ,Cats ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Female ,Ethiopia ,Sex ratio ,Demography ,Research Article - Abstract
Background The dog and cat population data is generally scarce in developing countries due to absence of surveys. The demography of owned dogs and cats, and the associated ownership characteristics, are essential for the control of pet population and zoonosis. This study was conducted in three towns of West Shoa Zone of Ethiopia with the objectives of assessing demographic characteristics of owned dogs and cats and determinants of ownership. Results About 65.1% (95% CI: 62.1–69.8%) of the householders own dogs, 39.2% (95% CI: 35.8–43.8%) own cats, and 30.6% (95% CI: 27.4–35.0%) own both. The majority of the dog-owning households own a single dog (74.8%) and cat (74.9%). There were significantly higher proportion of dog and cat-owning households in Bako than Ambo and Gojo towns. The human to owned-dog ratio was 6:1, and that of cat ratio was 10:1. There were more male dogs (72.1%) and more female cats (59.7%). The male to female sex ratio was estimated at 3:1 for the dog while nearly 1:1 for cats. About 37.5% of the owned dogs were indoor, and 62.5% have free access to outside. Dogs and cats were acquired as a gift from families, neighbors, and friends. The identified reason for not owning dogs/cats were fear of zoonosis, dislike, no time to devote, benefit not realized, and shortage of finance. Logistic regression analysis identified study town, community type, gender of head of household, ownership of other animals as determinants for dog/cat ownership. Besides, possessing dogs was significantly associated with cat ownership. Conclusion The current study provide insights into the determinants of dogs/cats ownership and their demographic characteristics in Ethiopia. Dogs are more commonly owned, but the household determinants for dog and cat ownership were comparable. Means of obtaining and reason of owning or abandoning dogs/cats is partly different from those reported in the developed countries. The results of this study could be used for the provision of veterinary services, quantifying health risks and benefits associated with dog/cat ownership, and control of pet population and related zoonosis.
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- 2020
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53. Detection of Listeria species, factors associated, and antibiogram of Listeria monocytogenes in beef at abattoirs, butchers, and restaurants of Ambo and Holeta Towns, Ethiopia
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Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin, Gadisa Hirpa, Bizunesh Mideksa Borana, Edilu Jorga Sarba, Lencho Megersa Marami, Nega Desalegn Tadese, and Hirut Abebe Ambecha
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Background Listeriosis is one of the globally distributed foodborne diseases with the highest fatality rate. Few studies were done on the occurrence of Listeria species from meat at abattoirs, butchers, and restaurants in Ethiopia, and there has been no study conducted at Ambo and Holeta town. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify Listeria species, assess factors for contamination of meat, and antibiogram of Listeria monocytogenes along the meat chain in Ambo and Holeta towns, Central Ethiopia. Methods 450 meat samples were collected from abattoirs (n = 150), butchers (n = 150) and restaurants (n = 150) for isolation and identification of Listeria species using primary culture and biochemical tests. A questionnaire survey and observational checklist were made to assess the potential risk factors for the occurrence of Listeria species such as factors related to socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge on hygiene and practice of food handlers. Pearson’s Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors contributing for contamination of meat with Listeria species. Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique was applied to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Listeria monocytogenes isolates. Results The overall occurrence of Listeria species in both Ambo and Holeta towns was 28.44% (128/450; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.32–32.86%). The occurrence of L. monocytogenes was 4.4% (20/450; 95% CI: 2.74–6.78%), L. ivanovii 2.2% (10/450; 95% CI: 1.07–4.04%), L. seeligeri 1.78% (8/450; 95% CI: 0.8–3.47%), L. welshimeri 3.77% (17/450; 95% CI: 2.22–5.98%), L. inoccua 6.22% (28/450; 95% CI: 4.17–8.87%) and L. grayi 10.22% (46/450; 95% CI: 7.58–13.39%). The probability of contamination of meat in butchers and restaurants by the Listeria species were comparatively higher in high altitude (Holeta) than medium altitudes (Ambo) [OR = 4.91; 95% CI: 2.65–9.07%; p Listeria monocytogenes isolates, 16 (80%) were resistant to oxacillin; 14 (70%) were resistant to amikacin and nalidixic acid; 12 (60%) were resistant to chloramphenicol and 11 (55%) were resistant to tetracycline. The L. monocytogenes isolates were 95%, 90% and 85% susceptible to amoxicillin, vancomycin, and clindamycin, respectively. All (100%) Listeria monocytogenes isolates were resistant for two or more drugs. Nineteen (95%) L. monocytogenes isolates were multidrug-resistant. One isolate (5%) had developed resistance to 10 classes of antimicrobial drugs. Conclusions Listeria species are widespread in the study areas. The study towns, season and working hours per day are independent predictors of Listeria species isolation. Multidrug resistance among L. monocytogenes is common. Therefore, regular training for meat handlers, prudent use of drugs, and further serological and molecular studies on Listeria species are important.
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- 2020
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54. Listeria Species Occurrence and Associated Factors and Antibiogram of Listeria monocytogenes in Beef at Abattoirs, Butchers, and Restaurants in Ambo and Holeta in Ethiopia
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Gebremedhin,Endrias Zewdu, Hirpa,Gadisa, Borana,Bizunesh Mideksa, Sarba,Edilu Jorga, Marami,Lencho Megersa, Kelbesa,Kebede Abdisa, Tadese,Nega Desalegn, Ambecha,Hirut Abebe, Gebremedhin,Endrias Zewdu, Hirpa,Gadisa, Borana,Bizunesh Mideksa, Sarba,Edilu Jorga, Marami,Lencho Megersa, Kelbesa,Kebede Abdisa, Tadese,Nega Desalegn, and Ambecha,Hirut Abebe
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Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin,1 Gadisa Hirpa,2 Bizunesh Mideksa Borana,1 Edilu Jorga Sarba,1 Lencho Megersa Marami,3 Kebede Abdisa Kelbesa,1 Nega Desalegn Tadese,3 Hirut Abebe Ambecha3 1Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia; 2Department of Biology, Ambo Preparatory School, Ambo, Ethiopia; 3Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Ambo University, Ambo, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Endrias Zewdu GebremedhinAmbo University, P.O. Box 19, Ambo, EthiopiaTel +251 911894802Fax +251 112609503Email endrias.zewdu@gmail.comPurpose: Listeriosis is one of the globally distributed foodborne diseases with the highest fatality rate. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify Listeria species, assess factors for contamination of beef, and antibiogram of Listeria monocytogenes in Ambo and Holeta towns, Central Ethiopia.Materials and Methods: A total of 450 meat samples were collected from abattoirs (n=150), butchers (n=150), and restaurants (n=150) for isolation and identification of Listeria species. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between the occurrence of Listeria species in meat and potential risk factors. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was done using the Kirby Bauer test.Results: The overall occurrence of Listeria species in Ambo and Holeta towns was 28.4% (128/450; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.3– 32.9%). The isolation rate of Listeria monocytogenes was 4.4%, Listeria ivanovii 2.2%, Listeria seeligeri 1.8%, Listeria welshimeri 3.8%, Listeria innocua 6.2%, and Listeria grayi 10.2%. The probability of contamination of meat in butchers and restaurants was higher in Holeta than Ambo [OR=3.4; 95%; p=0.001], in dry than wet season [OR=5.2; p=0.009], and where the hygiene of cutting boards was poor (OR=7.7; p=0.008). Of the 20 Listeria monocytogenes isolates, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 55% were resistant to
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- 2021
55. Phytochemical Screening and in-vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Activities of Echinops amplexicaulis, Ruta chalepensis and Salix subserrata Against Selected Pathogenic Bacterial Strains in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia
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Marami,Lencho Megersa, Dilba,Getachew Mulatu, Babele,Dagmawit Atalel, Sarba,Edilu Jorga, Gizaw,Askale, Bune,Wakuma Mitiku, Bayu,Morka Dandecha, Admasu,Petros, Mekbeb,Abraham, Tadese,Miresa, Abdisa,Kebede, Bayisa,Dejene, Marami,Lencho Megersa, Dilba,Getachew Mulatu, Babele,Dagmawit Atalel, Sarba,Edilu Jorga, Gizaw,Askale, Bune,Wakuma Mitiku, Bayu,Morka Dandecha, Admasu,Petros, Mekbeb,Abraham, Tadese,Miresa, Abdisa,Kebede, and Bayisa,Dejene
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Lencho Megersa Marami,1 Getachew Mulatu Dilba,1 Dagmawit Atalel Babele,1 Edilu Jorga Sarba,2 Askale Gizaw,1 Wakuma Mitiku Bune,1 Morka Dandecha Bayu,1 Petros Admasu,2 Abraham Mekbeb,2 Miressa Tadesse,3 Kebede Abdisa,2 Dejene Bayisa4 1Ambo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia; 2Ambo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Science, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia; 3Ambo University, College of Computational and Natural Science, Department of Chemistry, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia; 4Jeldu Woreda, Livestock and Fishery Development Office, Gojo, Oromia, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Getachew Mulatu DilbaAmbo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, P.O. Box 19, Ambo, Oromia, EthiopiaTel +251-912717217Email getachew.mulatu@ambou.edu.etBackground: Although traditional healers in Ethiopia have a long history of using medicinal plants to treat diseases in animals and humans, studies on the antibacterial activities and potential bioactive ingredients of most medicinal plants have been insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the in-vitro antibacterial activities and to screen phytochemical constituents of selected medicinal plants against reference bacterial strains.Methods: The fresh and healthy roots of Echinops amplexicaulis, fruits of Ruta chalepensis, and leaves of Salix subserrata were collected from West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Agar well diffusion and agar dilution methods were used to evaluate antibacterial activities and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). All the crude plant extracts were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at concentrations of 100, 50, and 25 mg/mL in each triplet (3x). MIC of crude extracts ranging from 1.5625 to 12.50 mg/mL was applied to all bacterial strains. The positive control
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- 2021
56. Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia
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Marami,Lencho Megersa, Gebremedhin,Endrias Zewdu, Sarba,Edilu Jorga, Tola,Getachew Kebebew, Endalew,Solomon Shiferaw, Melkamsew Tesfaye,Asamenew, Di Marco Lo Presti,Vincenzo, Vitale,Maria, Marami,Lencho Megersa, Gebremedhin,Endrias Zewdu, Sarba,Edilu Jorga, Tola,Getachew Kebebew, Endalew,Solomon Shiferaw, Melkamsew Tesfaye,Asamenew, Di Marco Lo Presti,Vincenzo, and Vitale,Maria
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Lencho Megersa Marami,1 Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin,2 Edilu Jorga Sarba,2 Getachew Kebebew Tola,2 Solomon Shiferaw Endalew,1 Asamenew Tesfaye Melkamsew,3 Vincenzo Di Marco Lo Presti,4 Maria Vitale4 1Ambo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia; 2Ambo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia; 3National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center, Department of Immunology, Sebeta, Oromia, Ethiopia; 4Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Sicily, Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Palermo, ItalyCorrespondence: Endrias Zewdu GebremedhinAmbo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, P.O. BOX 19, Ambo, Oromia, EthiopiaTel +251911894802Email endrias.zewdu@ambou.edu.etPurpose: Canine leptospirosis and brucellosis are significant zoonotic gram-negative bacterial diseases that affect humans and animal species. This study was aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and assess associated risk factors of canine Leptospira and Brucella species infections in Ambo, Bako, and Gojo Towns, West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.Methods: A total of 385 serum samples were collected from randomly selected dogs. Antibodies against Brucella and Leptospira species infection were tested using the Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent Assay technique (ELISA). A structured questionnaire survey was administered to each dog-owning household to gather information on potential risk factors. The association between independent and outcome variables was analyzed using the Chi-square test followed by univariable, and multivariable logistic regression analyses.Results: The overall seroprevalence of Brucella and Leptospira species infections were found to be 15.06% (95% confidence interval (ci): 11.64– 19.04%) and 4.16% (95% ci: 2.39– 6.67%), respectively. Multivariable logistic
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- 2021
57. Prevalence, risk factors and antibiogram of Escherichia coli isolated from dogs in Ambo, Gojo and Bako towns of Oromia region, Ethiopia
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Gebremedhin, Endrias Zewdu, primary, Merga, Demiso, additional, Sarba, Edilu Jorga, additional, Marami, Lencho Megersa, additional, Tola, Getachew Kebebew, additional, and Endale, Solomon Shiferaw, additional
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- 2021
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58. Occurrence and Antibiogram of Escherichia coli O157 : H7 in Raw Beef and Hygienic Practices in Abattoir and Retailer Shops in Ambo Town, Ethiopia
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Tadese, Nega Desalegn, primary, Gebremedhi, Endrias Zewdu, additional, Moges, Feleke, additional, Borana, Bizunesh Mideksa, additional, Marami, Lencho Megersa, additional, Sarba, Edilu Jorga, additional, Abebe, Hirut, additional, Kelbesa, Kebede Abdisa, additional, Atalel, Dagmawit, additional, and Tessema, Belay, additional
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- 2021
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59. Listeria Species Occurrence and Associated Factors and Antibiogram of Listeria monocytogenes in Beef at Abattoirs, Butchers, and Restaurants in Ambo and Holeta in Ethiopia
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Gebremedhin, Endrias Zewdu, primary, Hirpa, Gadisa, additional, Borana, Bizunesh Mideksa, additional, Sarba, Edilu Jorga, additional, Marami, Lencho Megersa, additional, Kelbesa, Kebede Abdisa, additional, Tadese, Nega Desalegn, additional, and Ambecha, Hirut Abebe, additional
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- 2021
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60. Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antibiogram of Nontyphoidal Salmonella from Beef in Ambo and Holeta Towns, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
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Gebremedhin, Endrias Zewdu, primary, Soboka, Gezahegn Tafesse, additional, Borana, Bizunesh Mideksa, additional, Marami, Lencho Megersa, additional, Sarba, Edilu Jorga, additional, Tadese, Nega Desalegn, additional, and Ambecha, Hirut Abebe, additional
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- 2021
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61. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Toxoplasma Gondii and Leishmania Spp. Infections in Apparently Healthy Dogs in West Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
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Gebremedhin, Endrias Zewdu, primary, Serba, Edilu Jorga, additional, Tola, Getachew Kebebew, additional, Endalew, Solomon Shiferaw, additional, Marami, Lencho Megersa, additional, Melkamsew, Asaminew Tesfaye, additional, Vincenzo, Di Marco, additional, and Vitale, Maria, additional
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- 2021
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62. Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia
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Marami, Lencho Megersa, primary, Gebremedhin, Endrias Zewdu, additional, Sarba, Edilu Jorga, additional, Tola, Getachew Kebebew, additional, Endalew, Solomon Shiferaw, additional, Melkamsew Tesfaye, Asamenew, additional, Di Marco Lo Presti, Vincenzo, additional, and Vitale, Maria, additional
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- 2021
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63. Staphylococcus aureusin cow milk and milk products in Ambo and Bako towns, Oromia, Ethiopia: prevalence, associated risk factors, hygienic quality, and antibiogram
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Borena, Bizunesh Mideksa, Gurmessa, Feyera Tesema, Gebremedhin, Endrias Zewdu, Sarba, Edilu Jorga, and Marami, Lencho Megersa
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Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)is a foodborne bacterial pathogens that can cause staphylococcal food poisoning and contaminate food of animal origin worldwide. The current study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and assess risk factors, hygienic quality, and antibiogram of S. aureusin raw milk and milk products of cows in Ambo and Bako towns, Ethiopia. Results: The overall prevalence of S. aureusin milk and milk products was 15.6% (94/601) with the highest prevalence in bulk tank raw milk (17.50%) and the lowest in “Ergo” (13.11%). High S. aureuscontamination at farm level were associated with poor farm hygiene, extensive management system, medium farm size, loose housing, and less frequent removal of bedding. At the cow level, a high S. aureusisolation rate was observed in crossbred cows; cows with age equal to or greater than 5 years old, tick infestation, history of mastitis treatment, and udder washing were not practiced before milking. On the other hand, the type of container, hygiene of milk handler, and container were the major risk factors for bulk tank milk contamination with S. aureus. S. aureuscounts ranging from 1.25 × 10
4 to 1.92 × 104 CFU/mL were detected in 28.33% of the bulk tank milk samples.. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed higher resistance of S. aureusto amoxicillin (98.48%), oxacillin (98.48%), ampicillin (98.48%), cefoxitin (92.42%), and tetracycline (83.33%), with 43.94% of isolates showing multidrug resistance (MDR). The high prevalence of oxacillin and cefoxitin-resistant isolates, which is a possible indicator of the existence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), was also noted in the current study. Conclusion: Higher prevalence of S. aureusand MDR isolates in milk and milk products was detected in study areas. Therefore, to make milk and milk products safe for human consumption, hygienic handling of milk and milk products, regular surveillance of antimicrobial resistance, and prudent use of drugs are recommended.- Published
- 2023
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64. Demography and determinants of dog and cat ownership in three towns of West Shoa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
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Gebremedhin, Endrias Zewdu, primary, Sarba, Edilu Jorga, additional, Getaneh, Abraham Mekebib, additional, Tola, Getachew Kebebew, additional, Endale, Solomon Shiferaw, additional, and Marami, Lencho Megersa, additional
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- 2020
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65. Prevalence, organ distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella isolated from chickens purchased from markets in selected districts of West Shoa, Ethiopia
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Sarba, Edilu Jorga, primary, Kudama, Kebene, additional, Dandecha, Morka, additional, Megersa, Lencho, additional, Borena, Bizunesh Mideksa, additional, and Gebremdhin, Endrias Zewdu, additional
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- 2020
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66. Detection of Listeria species, factors associated, and antibiogram of Listeria monocytogenes in beef at abattoirs, butchers, and restaurants of Ambo and Holeta Towns, Ethiopia
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Gebremedhin, Endrias Zewdu, primary, Hirpa, Gadisa, additional, Borana, Bizunesh Mideksa, additional, Sarba, Edilu Jorga, additional, Marami, Lencho Megersa, additional, Tadese, Nega Desalegn, additional, and Ambecha, Hirut Abebe, additional
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- 2020
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67. Cross-sectional study on bovine mastitis and its associated risk factors in Ambo district of West Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
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Edilu Jorga Sarba and Getachew Kebebew Tola
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Veterinary medicine ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Cross-sectional study ,prevalence ,Physical examination ,mastitis ,SF1-1100 ,0403 veterinary science ,California mastitis test ,Lactation ,SF600-1100 ,medicine ,risk factors ,dairy cows ,Udder ,Ambo district ,Subclinical infection ,General Veterinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,0402 animal and dairy science ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,medicine.disease ,040201 dairy & animal science ,Mastitis ,Animal culture ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Herd ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Aim: A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of mastitis in dairy cows. Materials and Methods: A total of 302 dairy cows were selected from all volunteer dairy farms in Ambo district of West Shewa Zone, Oromia region. Thorough clinical examination was made on all lactating cows for evidence of signs of clinical mastitis followed by collection of milk sample for examination of gross changes of milk secretion and California mastitis test. Results: About 126 (41.7%) cows had mastitis, of which 9.9% (30/302) were clinical and 32.8% (96/302) were subclinical mastitis cases. The quarter level prevalence was 44.4% (536/1208), comprising 9.3% (112/1208), clinical and 32.8% (396/1208) subclinical forms of mastitis. In addition, 5.5% (66/1208) of teats were found to be blind on the clinical examination of udder and teat. The Chi-square analysis of intrinsic risk factors revealed significantly (p
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- 2017
68. Additional file 1 of Demography and determinants of dog and cat ownership in three towns of West Shoa zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
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Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin, Sarba, Edilu Jorga, Getaneh, Abraham Mekebib, Getachew Kebebew Tola, Endale, Solomon Shiferaw, and Lencho Megersa Marami
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Additional file 1. Questionnaire to investigate demography and determinants of dog and cats ownership. The questionnaire was developed based on the information gathered from the literature. The questions include the address and socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, and the demography of dogs and cats. Moreover, means of acquiring and factors considered for acquiring, the method for population control, the fate of newborns, the purpose of owning, and reasons for not owning or abandoning dogs and cats were included.
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- 2020
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69. Additional file 3 of Identification of risk areas and practices for Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Edilu Jorga, Damme, Inge Van, Bizunesh Mideksa, and Gabriël, Sarah
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Additional file 3: Figure S1. Overview of studies reporting human taeniosis (questionnaire-based diagnosis) in Ethiopia. The forest plot contains a horizontal line representing the results of each study and the length of the straight line indicates the 95% CI, the box size the weight of the study and the middle of the box the point estimate of the study. A vertical broken line is the pooled estimate and a diamond shaped box at the bottom is the CI, while the solid line shows the point of null assumption.
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- 2020
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70. Additional file 1 of Identification of risk areas and practices for Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Edilu Jorga, Damme, Inge Van, Bizunesh Mideksa, and Gabriël, Sarah
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Additional file 1: Table S1. PRISMA checklist.
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- 2020
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71. Additional file 2 of Identification of risk areas and practices for Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Edilu Jorga, Damme, Inge Van, Bizunesh Mideksa, and Gabriël, Sarah
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Additional file 2: Table S2. Prevalence data for bovine cysticercosis in Ethiopia extracted from included articles. Table S3. Extracted data for the distribution of cysticerci in organs and carcasses in infected cattle. Table S4. Extracted data for cyst viability and average viability proportion calculated. Table S5. Data extracted for the prevalence of human taeniosis from the questionnaire-based reports. Table S6. Average zonal prevalence of BCC, questionnaire-based and stool test-based taeniosis. Table S7. Taenicidal dose and cost based on pharmacy inventory records. Table S8. Condemnation of organs and carcasses due to BCC. Text S1. References.
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- 2020
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72. Prevalence, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella isolated from dogs of Ambo, Bako and Gojo towns of West Shoa, Ethiopia
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Gebremedhin, Endrias Zewdu, Miheretu, Sisay, Megersa, Lencho, Sarba, Edilu Jorga, Kebebew, Getachew, and Shiferaw, Solomon
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Antimicrobial Resistance ,Dog ,Ethiopia ,Prevalence ,Risk factor ,Salmonella - Abstract
Salmonella is the most known zoonotic bacterial agent, which produces salmonellosis in animals as wells as in humans. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence, to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and to assess risk factors associated with Salmonella shedding in dogs in selected towns of West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 438 rectal swab samples were collected from randomly selected dogs for isolation and identification of Salmonella using standard procedures. A questionnaire survey was also administered. The results showed that 48 (11.0%, 95%, [CI]: 8.2% - 14.3 %) dogs were positive for Salmonella. The occurrenceof Salmonella was 10.9% (26/238), 11.6% (15/129) and 9.9% (7/71) in Ambo, Bako and Gojo towns respectively. Salmonella shedding was significantly higher in older dogs (15.0%) than younger ones (6.1 %) (P0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of isolation of Salmonella was significantly higher in old than young dogs (OR): 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3-5.6, P=0.007) and in dogs eating mixed type of feeds (raw animal products, household leftover) than cooked feed (OR = 9.0, 95% CI: 1.2 – 68.1, P=0.033). There was also a significant difference between kebeles of the study areas in that Salmonella isolation was nearly nine times higher in Bako Kebele 02 (P=0.005) as compared to Ambo kebele 03. Salmonella isolates have developed the highest level of resistance for ampicillin (100%), tetracycline (93.3%) and streptomycin (80.0 %), however, all isolates were susceptible to Norfloxacin. The occurrence of Salmonella, most of which resistant to commonly used antimicrobials, in rectal swab samples show the potential threat dogs may pose to public health in the study area.Keywords: Antimicrobial Resistance; Dog; Ethiopia; Prevalence; Risk factor; Salmonella
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- 2019
73. Toxoplasmosis in camels (Camelus dromedarius) of Borana zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia: seroprevalence and risk factors
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Maria Vitale, Vincenzo Di Marco, Edilu Jorga, Nura Dima, Fufa Dawo, Ashenafi Feyisa Beyi, Negassa Feyissa, and Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Veterinary medicine ,Camelus ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Pastoralism ,Antibodies, Protozoan ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Food Animals ,Risk Factors ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Agglutination Tests ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Direct agglutination test ,Environmental health ,Odds Ratio ,Prevalence ,Camel milk ,Animals ,Humans ,Medicine ,Seroprevalence ,biology ,business.industry ,Toxoplasma gondii ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Odds ratio ,030108 mycology & parasitology ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Toxoplasmosis ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Toxoplasmosis, Animal ,Herd ,Female ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Ethiopia ,business ,Toxoplasma - Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most prevalent parasitic infections of medical and veterinary importance. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to January 2014 to estimate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in camels from four districts of Borana zone, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia. In addition, a questionnaire survey was administered to 124 pastoralists to identify possible risk factors and to assess the awareness level of pastoral communities about toxoplasmosis. A total of 396 serum samples were examined for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies using the direct agglutination test (DAT). Fisher's exact test and logistic regression were used for data analysis. An overall seroprevalence of 8.33 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 5.60 %, 11.07 %) at animal-level and 37.5 % (95 % CI: 20.1 %, 57.4 %) at herd-level was found. The seroprevalence was significantly high in Moyale district (23.07 %) followed by Yabello (7.20 %), Dirre (3.77 %), and Arero (0.0 %) districts (P 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the likelihood of acquiring T. gondii infection was significantly higher in camels of Moyale district (adjusted OR = 5.89, 95 % CI 2.15, 16.12; P = 0.001) than Dirre district, in camels of8 years old (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 4.95, 95 % CI 1.68, 14.55; P = 0.004) than camels of ≤4 years old. There was no significant association between herd-level seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and abortion history, herd size, and presence of domestic cats and wild felids (P 0.05). The majority of interviewees were uneducated (82.25 %), and all had no knowledge of toxoplasmosis. All camel herders drink raw camel milk but consume cooked meat (90.32 %). Of the interviewees, 93.06 % are aware about soil-eating habit of camels and provide salt supplement for their camels. Majority of the respondents practice improper disposal of aborted materials (throw along the way) (88.70 %), and 73 % of the study participants do not wash their hands after handling aborted fetus. The results of the present study confirm relatively lower prevalence of T. gondii infection in camels reared in Borana zone. Age and study district are significant predictors of T. gondii seropositivity. The vast majorities of interviewed pastoralists were uneducated and practice poor biosecurity measures to prevent diseases. Education of pastoralists about biosecurity measures to prevent toxoplasmosis and further studies are warranted to unravel the economic and public health consequences of T. gondii infection.
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- 2016
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74. Prevalence and risk factors of helminths' infection of dogs in three towns of west Shoa zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia
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Solomon Shiferaw Endale, Getachew Kebebew Tola, Edilu Jorga Sarba, Lencho Megersa Marami, Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin, and Abraham Mekebib Getaneh
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Gastrointestinal Diseases ,030231 tropical medicine ,Logistic regression ,Deworming ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dogs ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Environmental health ,Prevalence ,Animals ,Helminths ,Dog Diseases ,General Veterinary ,biology ,Transmission (medicine) ,030108 mycology & parasitology ,biology.organism_classification ,Breed ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Canis ,Female ,Parasitology ,Ethiopia ,Helminthiasis, Animal ,Dog owners ,Mixed infection - Abstract
Dogs are the most common companion animals worldwide. They are among the main reservoirs, carriers, and transmitters of many infectious and parasitic diseases. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ambo, Bako and Gojo towns of West Shoa Zone, from January 2015 to June 2017 with the objectives of estimating the prevalence and associated risk factors of gastrointestinal helminths of dogs. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used for data analysis. P-value of0.05 was considered significant. Out of 310 dogs sampled and subjected to faecal examination using flotation and sedimentation methods, 158 (50.97%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 45.26-56.66%) of the dogs were positive for helminths infection. The study identified Ancylostoma caninum (36.8%), Toxocara canis (9.7%), Uncinaria spp. (4.5%), Physaloptera canis (4.5%), Salminicola canis (3.22%), Oncicola canis (1.9%), Spirocerca lupi (0.3%), T. leonina (1.0%), Trichuris vulpis (0.97%), Diphyllobothrium (1.29%), Taenid spp. (0.3%), and Mesocestoides spp. (0.3%). Out of the 243 male and 67 female dogs examined, 123 males (50.6%) and 35 females (52.2%) were positive for one or more gastrointestinal helminths. There was no significant difference (p 0.05) in the overall prevalence of helminth infections between sexes, age, breed, district and management of dogs. From the total positive dogs, 123 (39.7%) had a single infection while 36 (11.6%) of dogs had mixed infection. The odds of acquiring T. canis was 4.88 times higher in dogs of Gojo (p = 0.004) as compared to Bako town. The probability of acquiring T. canis infection was 4.49 times higher in juvenile dogs (p = 0.012) as compared to adult dogs. The prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths of dogs in Ambo, Bako, and Gojo towns was high. The diversity of the helminth parasites detected together with their zoonotic importance calls for the need of regular deworming and training of dog owners to create awareness about transmission, clinical signs, prevention, and control of helminth parasites.
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- 2020
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75. Gastrointestinal helminths of backyard chickens in selected areas of West Shoa Zone Central, Ethiopia
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Bizunesh Mideksa Borena, Kebede Abdisa, Morka Dandecha Bayu, Ketema Motuma, Samson Leta, Getachew Kebebew, Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin, and Edilu Jorga Sarba
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Male ,Veterinary medicine ,Veterinary parasitology ,Parasitism ,Risk Factors ,Helminths ,parasitic diseases ,Animals ,Ascaridia galli ,Animal Husbandry ,Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic ,Ascaridida ,Poultry Diseases ,General Veterinary ,biology ,Significant difference ,biology.organism_classification ,Gastrointestinal parasites ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Nematode ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Heterakis gallinarum ,Cestoda ,Parasitology ,Female ,Ethiopia ,Helminthiasis, Animal ,Chickens - Abstract
Gastrointestinal parasites of chickens are prevalent in many parts of the world including Ethiopia. This study was conducted with backyard chickens in Ambo, Holeta and, Dire Inchini in the West Shoa zone with the objectives of estimating the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections, identifying the species present and determining associated risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted using 252 chickens purchased from local markets. Chickens were killed humanely and gastrointestinal tracts were examined for adult helminths. Identification of the helminths was performed using morphology and microscopy. The overall prevalence of helminth parasites in chickens was 92.1% (232/252) [95% confidence interval (CI): 88.0% - 95.1%]. 80.2% (204/252) [95% CI: 75.3% - 86.9%] and 77.8% (196/252) [95% CI: 72.1% - 82.8%] of chickens were infected with diverse nematode and cestode species, respectively. Parasitological examination revealed the presence of three nematode and five cestode species. Ascaridia galli (69.8%) and Heterakis gallinarum (13.5%) were the dominant nematode species and Railletina tetragona (54.0%) and Railletina echinobothrida (46.8%) were the most prevalent species of cestodes identified. A significant difference (p .05) was observed between the prevalence of nematode parasites and sex, age, and origin of the chicken. Similarly, sex and origin of the chickens were significantly different with the prevalence of cestode infections. Higher prevalence was observed in male versus female chickens, in young versus adult chickens and in chickens from Holeta and Direinchin compared to Ambo. In contrast, weight, health status, diarrhea status, and age (for cestodes) were not significantly associated with nematode and cestode infection. In conclusion, the present study detected a high prevalence of diverse types of gastrointestinal helminths in backyard chickens, which could result in poor health and reduce productivity. Therefore, the present study strongly suggests appropriate and strategic control of helminthiasis to improve the health and output of backyard chickens in the study areas.
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- 2018
76. Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Brucellosis in dairy cattle in selected towns of West Shewa, Ethiopia
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Sarba, Edilu Jorga, Getaneh, Abreham Mekibib, Borena, Bizunesh Mideksa, Ambecha, Hirut Abebe, Berecha, Mekonnen Sorsa, Eteya, Waktole Terfa, and Tola, Getachew Kebebew
- Abstract
Bovine brucellosis is a contagious disease of cattle causing reproductive failure, loss of milk production and zoonosis worldwide. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted on 816 dairy cattle (449 were cows) from 60 dairy farms to determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of bovine brucellosis in dairy cattle in selected towns of West Shewa, Ethiopia. Sera were collected, screened by Rose Bengale Plate Test and positive sera were further tested by Complement Fixation Test for confirmation of Brucella seropositivity. Data regarding risk factors were obtained from records and questionnaire. The association of brucellosis with risk factors was analyzed by Chi-square/Fischer’s exact test. The result showed 0.49% (4/816), 0.9% (4/449) and 3.3% (2/60) seroprevalence in cattle, cows alone and at herd level, respectively. Among the risk factors herd size (X2=4.24), history of abortion (OR=8.94) and retained fetal membrane (OR=8.39) showed significant association (p
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- 2018
77. Prevalence of major skin diseases of cattle and associated risk factors around Ambo town, Ethiopia
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Olkeba, Werkineh Gelalcha, Sarba, Edilu Jorga, Deres, Belay Abebe, and Gebremedhin, Endrias Zewdu
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Ambo ,Cattle ,Prevalence ,Skin Diseases ,Risk Factors - Abstract
Across-sectional study was conducted on 384 cattle to identify skin diseases and associated risk factors in cattle in and around Ambo town, Ethiopia. Thorough clinical examination was made followed by collection of skin scrapping and visible ecto-parasites for laboratory identification. The overall prevalence was 73.7%, of which 69.01% was ecto-parasite infestation, 4.36% skin wart and 2.6% dermatophilosis. Among ecto-parasites ticks, lice and mange mites accounted for 64.3%, 14.6% and 10.16%, respectively. The tick genera identified were Boophilus (51.6%), Rhipicephalus (28.4%), Ambylomma (8.6%) and Hyalomma (3.4%); whereas lice and mange mite genera detected were [Linognatus (12.8%) and Haematopinus (1.6%)] and [Psoroptes (9.4%) and Demodex (0.8%)], respectively. Univariable logistic regression analysis showed significantly higher (p
- Published
- 2018
78. Prevalence of clinical bovine dermatophilosis in dairy cattle in selected district towns of West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
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Bizunesh Mideksa Borena and Edilu Jorga Sarba
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Veterinary medicine ,Individual animal ,Herd ,Clinical dermatophilosis ,Dairy cattle ,Prevalence ,Risk factors ,Biology ,Skin lesion ,Adverse effect ,Intensive management ,Breed - Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted from June, 2013 to October, 2014 to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of clinical bovine dermatophilosis in dairy cattle in selected districttowns of West Shewa Zone. A total of 816 dairy cattle from 60 dairy farms were clinically examined for skin lesion followed by microscopic examination of skin scrapings. The overall individual animal and herd level prevalence of clinical dermatophilosis were 5.0% and 18.3%, respectively. Agro-ecology, management system,ecto-parasite infestations were risk factors significantly associated with its occurrence. Consequently, the prevalence was significantly higher in cattle in mid land altitude than cattle in highlands; in cattle under semi-intensive than in intensive management system and in ecto-parasite infested than non-infested ones. However, other studied variables such as herd size, age, sex and breed did not show significant associations ( p
- Published
- 2017
79. Prevalence, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella isolated from dogs of Ambo, Bako and Gojo towns of West Shoa, Ethiopia
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Getachew Kebebew, Edilu Jorga Sarba, Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin, Sisay Miheretu, Lencho Megersa, and Solomon Shiferaw
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Salmonella ,Veterinary medicine ,business.industry ,Antimicrobial susceptibility ,Antimicrobial ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antibiotic resistance ,Streptomycin ,Ampicillin ,Medicine ,Risk factor ,business ,Norfloxacin ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Salmonella is the most known zoonotic bacterial agent, which produces salmonellosis in animals as wells as in humans. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence, to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and to assess risk factors associated with Salmonella shedding in dogs in selected towns of West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 438 rectal swab samples were collected from randomly selected dogs for isolation and identification of Salmonella using standard procedures. A questionnaire survey was also administered. The results showed that 48 (11.0%, 95%, [CI]: 8.2% - 14.3 %) dogs were positive for Salmonella. The occurrenceof Salmonella was 10.9% (26/238), 11.6% (15/129) and 9.9% (7/71) in Ambo, Bako and Gojo towns respectively. Salmonella shedding was significantly higher in older dogs (15.0%) than younger ones (6.1 %) (P 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of isolation of Salmonella was significantly higher in old than young dogs (OR): 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3-5.6, P=0.007) and in dogs eating mixed type of feeds (raw animal products, household leftover) than cooked feed (OR = 9.0, 95% CI: 1.2 – 68.1, P=0.033). There was also a significant difference between kebeles of the study areas in that Salmonella isolation was nearly nine times higher in Bako Kebele 02 (P=0.005) as compared to Ambo kebele 03. Salmonella isolates have developed the highest level of resistance for ampicillin (100%), tetracycline (93.3%) and streptomycin (80.0 %), however, all isolates were susceptible to Norfloxacin. The occurrence of Salmonella, most of which resistant to commonly used antimicrobials, in rectal swab samples show the potential threat dogs may pose to public health in the study area.Keywords: Antimicrobial Resistance; Dog; Ethiopia; Prevalence; Risk factor; Salmonella
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- 2019
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80. Prevalence and risk factors of bovine mastitis in Ambo town of West Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
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Getachew Kebebew and Edilu Jorga
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0301 basic medicine ,Veterinary medicine ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,040301 veterinary sciences ,business.industry ,Physical examination ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,medicine.disease ,Ambo town, CMT, Dairy Cows, Mastitis, Prevalence, Risk factors ,Milk sample ,Mastitis ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Animal science ,Lactation ,medicine ,Herd ,Udder ,business ,Subclinical infection ,California mastitis test - Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of mastitis in dairy cows from November, 2012 to July, 2013 in Ambo town of West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State. Thorough clinical examination was made on all lactating cows for evidence of signs of clinical mastitis followed by collection of milk sample for examination of gross changes of milk secretion and screening using California Mastitis Test (CMT). Mastitis was categorized as clinical if lactating cows exhibited clinical features of mastitis, or subclinical based on degree of coagulation up on examination using CMT. A total of 151 dairy cows were selected from all volunteer dairy farms in Ambo town of West Shewa Zone of Oromia region state. Sixty three (41.7%) cows had mastitis, of which 9.9% (15/151) were clinical and 31.8% (48/151) were subclinical mastitis cases. The quarter level prevalence was 44.4% (268/604), comprising 9.3% (56/604) clinical and 31.8% (198/604) subclinical forms of mastitis. In addition, 5.5% (33/604) of teats were found to be blind up on clinical examination of udder and teat. The Chi-square (χ 2 ) analysis of intrinsic risk factors revealed significantly (P
- Published
- 2016
81. Prevalence of clinical bovine dermatophilosis in dairy cattle in selected district towns of West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
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Sarba, Edilu Jorga, primary and Borena, Bizunesh Mideksa, additional
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- 2017
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82. Prevalence of Cystic Echinococcosis in Sheep and Goats of Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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Fayisa WO, Sarba EJ, Borena BM, Gebremedhin EZ, and Tola GK
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- Animals, Ethiopia epidemiology, Prevalence, Sheep, Echinococcosis epidemiology, Echinococcosis veterinary, Goat Diseases epidemiology, Goat Diseases parasitology, Goats, Sheep Diseases epidemiology, Sheep Diseases parasitology
- Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a cestode infection of significant public health and economic importance. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled prevalence of small ruminant CE and associated risk factors in Ethiopia. The published literature written in English from 01 January 2000 to 30 December 2019 was searched from electronic databases and eligible reports that fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 1140 records were identified, of which 23 reports met the eligibility criteria. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to pool the prevalence estimations, and a subgroup meta-analysis was utilized to compare the pooled prevalence of CE among the species, age group and sex of the studied animals. The pooled estimated small ruminant CE prevalence was 20.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.7, 22.3) in Ethiopia, and there was significant heterogeneity among the studies (p < 0.05). The pooled prevalence was higher for sheep, 24.3% (18.5, 30.1), compared to goats, 18.5% (14.5, 22.6), and in adults than young animals. The results of the present analysis suggested a high prevalence of CE at the national level. CE has a significant economic impact due to organ condemnation and production losses and poses a serious public health risk. Effective control requires public awareness, improved slaughterhouse practices, stray dog population management and integrated surveillance and control programmes involving veterinary, public health and environmental sectors. Such synthesis reports are believed to be useful in influencing policymakers towards designing effective prevention and control policies and strategies., (© 2024 The Author(s). Veterinary Medicine and Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2025
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83. Phytochemical screening and in vitro antibacterial activity of Echinops kebericho Mesfin tuber extracts: experimental studies.
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Negasa JG, Teshome I, Sarba EJ, and Daro BS
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- Phytochemicals pharmacology, Phytochemicals chemistry, Ethiopia, Plant Tubers chemistry, Staphylococcus aureus drug effects, Escherichia coli drug effects, Plant Leaves chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Plant Extracts chemistry, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Echinops Plant chemistry
- Abstract
Background: The application of plant extracts and their phytochemicals as potential treatments for bacterial illnesses has increased significantly in the last few decades. In Ethiopia, Echinops kebericho Mesfin is widely used to treat a range of illnesses in humans and animals. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of Echinops kebericho Mesfin., Methods: We carried out an in vitro experimental study after collecting the plants from their natural habitats. Then macerated in absolute methanol and petroleum ether solvents and concentrated the extracts using a rotary evaporator. In the experiment, we used Standard cultures of E. coli , K. pneumoniae , S. aureus , and P. aeruginosa . The agar-well diffusion method evaluated the antibacterial activity of the plants. The agar dilution method determined the minimum inhibitory concentration of the plant extract., Results: The percentage yield of the plant extracts ranged from 6.25% to 7.85%. The methanol extract of Echinops kebericho Mesfin had the highest inhibitory effect on S. aureus (ATCC 25923) (16.67 ± 0.58 mm), followed by E. coli (ATCC 25922) (11.0 ± 1.73 mm). Phytochemical screening of leaves from the methanol and petroleum ether extracts of the plant revealed the presence of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and cardiac glycosides. The present study revealed that the extracts of these plants have antibacterial activity. However, researchers should conduct further studies on the safety margin and quantitative bioactive isolation of selected medicinal plants., Competing Interests: The authors declare there are no competing interests., (©2024 Negasa et al.)
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- 2024
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84. Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine Leptospira and Brucella Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia.
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Marami LM, Gebremedhin EZ, Sarba EJ, Tola GK, Endalew SS, Melkamsew AT, Di Marco Lo Presti V, and Vitale M
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Purpose: Canine leptospirosis and brucellosis are significant zoonotic gram-negative bacterial diseases that affect humans and animal species. This study was aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and assess associated risk factors of canine Leptospira and Brucella species infections in Ambo, Bako, and Gojo Towns, West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia., Methods: A total of 385 serum samples were collected from randomly selected dogs. Antibodies against Brucella and Leptospira species infection were tested using the Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent Assay technique (ELISA). A structured questionnaire survey was administered to each dog-owning household to gather information on potential risk factors. The association between independent and outcome variables was analyzed using the Chi-square test followed by univariable, and multivariable logistic regression analyses., Results: The overall seroprevalence of Brucella and Leptospira species infections were found to be 15.06% (95% confidence interval (ci): 11.64-19.04%) and 4.16% (95% ci: 2.39-6.67%), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the town was the significant risk factor of Brucella species infection seropositivity. Accordingly, dogs found in Gojo ((odds ratio (OR)): 17.72 CI: 1.17-117.54, p=0.036) and Bako (OR: 7.99, 95% CI: 0.96-66.37), p=0.054 towns were more at risk to be infected with Brucella species than dogs living in Ambo., Conclusion: The seroprevalence of Leptospira and Brucella species infections in dogs of the West Shewa Zone was high and moderate, respectively, suggesting the possible transmission of the disease between dogs and other animals. These infections might be an under-recognized threat to public health and animal welfare. Further research on the identification of the serovars of Leptospira and biotypes of Brucella circulating in dogs is encouraged. Finally, knowledge of the comprehensive epidemiology of these diseases is an invaluable input for veterinarians, healthcare professionals, and policy-makers to avoid or manage canine leptospirosis and brucellosis., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper., (© 2021 Marami et al.)
- Published
- 2021
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