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Neoangiogenesis plays an important role in cutaneous lymphoma pathogenesis. Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is characterized by the presence of malignant T-cell clones in the skin. Vascular microenvironment of lymphomas accelerates neoangiogenesis through several factors released by tumoral cells: VEGF family, bFGF and PIGF. Tumor stroma (fibroblasts, inflammatory and immune cells) also plays a crucial role, by providing additional angiogenic factors. The angiogenic process through the VEGF-VEGFR axis can promote survival, proliferation and metastasis via autocrine mechanisms in cutaneous lymphomas. Microvascular density (MVD) measures the neo-vascularization of cutaneous lymphoma, generated by the response of tumor cells, proangiogenic stromal cells, and benign T/B lymphocytes within the tumor inflammatory infiltrate. Pro-angiogenic proteins have been found to indicate the evolution and prognosis in patients with CTCL. In conclusion, anti-angiogenic therapeutic protocols can target tumor vasculature or malignant tumor cells directly or through a large number of combinations with other drugs. The integration of proteomics into clinical practice based on high-throughput technologies leads to the development of personalized medicine, adapting the specific biomarkers to the application of cancer-type specific individual drug targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Glioma biology is a major focus in tumour research, primarily due to the aggressiveness and high mortality rate of its most aggressive form, glioblastoma. Progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms behind poor prognosis of glioblastoma, regardless of treatment approaches, has changed the classification of brain tumours after nearly 100 years of relying on anatomopathological criteria. Expanding knowledge in genetic, epigenetic and translational medicine is also beginning to contribute to further elucidating molecular dysregulation in glioma. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their main representatives, large intergenic non‐coding RNAs (lincRNAs), have recently been under scrutiny in glioma research, revealing novel mechanisms of pathogenesis and reinforcing others. Among those confirmed was the reactivation of events significant for foetal brain development and neuronal commitment. Novel mechanisms of tumour suppression and activation of stem‐like behaviour in tumour cells have also been examined. Interestingly, these processes involve lncRNAs that are present both during normal brain development and in brain malignancies and their reactivation might be explained by epigenetic mechanisms, which we discuss in detail in the present review. In addition, the review discusses the lncRNAs‐induced changes, as well as epigenetic changes that are consequential for tumour formation, affecting, in turn, the expression of various types of lncRNAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the increase the interest for the lamb meat on international and national level we aimed to optimize the technology of fattening the lambs and to obtain the improvement of the carcasses through the use of crossbreeding the local sheep breeds with sheep breeds for meat. It was done the intensively fattening of 100 days. The weigh increasing rates were bigger at the lots of half-bred lambs, being big differences between the half-bred lambs and the lambs from the witness lots formed from lambs of maternal breeds: F1 half-bred lambs (Meat Breed of Palas x Palas Merino Breed) made a daily average increasing rate of 234.11± 9.9735g, the lambs from Merinos de Palas breed 190.05 ±9.0261g, the lambs of Meat Breed of Palas 219.40±8.7212g the F1 half-bred lambs (Meat Breed of Palas x Ţigaie) 193.50±7.5896 g, lambs of Ţigaie Breed 130.71 ± 2.1045 g, halfbred lambs of F1 (Suffolk x Merinos) 200.60±4.1035g, lambs of Merinos Breed 167.31±2.1735 at first sheep breeder, half-bred lambs of F1 (Charollais Breed x Merinos Breed) 238.12±3.1735g lambs of Merinos Breed 185.23±2.1525, at the second sheep breeder. At the slaughtering of control there were obtained bigger values of the output at the half-bred lambs. At the appreciation of the carcasses through EUROP grid the half-bred lambs had the carcasses classified in U class, and the carcasses of the parental breeds (Tigaie and Merinos) in R class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the Research and Development Institute for Sheep and Goats Breeding-Palas it was aimed the improvement of the meat production at the sheep breeds, by obtaining half-bred sheep from the maternal breeds of Palas Merino and Ţigaie crossbred with paternal breeds specialized for meat: Meat Breed of Palas, Suffolk, Charollais. The male half-bred lambs F1 and the lambs from maternal breeds were subject to control fattening for 80 days using granulated mixed fodder. The half-bred lambs F1 (Meat breed of-Palas X Palas MerinoBreed) had an average daily weight gain of 260.13 g, lambs of Meat breed of Palas lambs a daily gain of 247.42 g and the lambs of Palas Merino Breed 205.39 g, resulting an increase of 26.65%. The male half-bred lambs F1 (Meat breed of Palas X Ţigaie Breed) had an average daily weight gain of 193.50 g, comparatively to the Ţigaie lambs that had 130.71 g, at the half-bred lambs it is obtained higher daily weight gain with 48.04%. The half-bred male lambs F1(Suffolk X Merinos) make an average daily increasing rate of 229.35 g, besides 190.25 g Merinos contemporaries, the half-bred sheep make an increase higher with 9.1 g, bigger with 20.55%. The average daily increasing rate of the half-bred lambs F1 (Charollais X Merinos) was of 190.50 g, and at the lambs from Merinos breed, from the witness lot, 160.41 g, the half-bred sheep make an increasing rate with 29.6 g higher, with 18.45%. The half-bred sheep F1 (Meat breed of Palas X Palas MerinoBreed) had at the slaughtering output 1, 48.12% and at the output 2, of 54.74 %. The F1 half-bred lambs (Meat breed of Palas X Ţigaie Breed) had at the output 1 the value of 47.54 and at the output 2, of 53.98%. The lambs of Ţigaie had at output 1, 44.25% and at output 2, 49.54%. The F1 half-bred lambs (Suffolk Breed X Merino Breed) had at output 1, 51.21% and at output 2, 55.94%. The half-bred male lambs of F1 (Charollais x Merinos) had the output 1, of 47.14%, and at output 2, of 54.74%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work aims to respond to the needs of the farmers to optimize their technologies to exploit sheep/goats, in order to increase the productive parameters of the farms, raising the economic efficiency and obtaining competitive products as those made by the farmers from the European Union's countries. It was elaborated a capacity of 150 heads sheep/goats - queen with a free system of maintenance, shelter to which installation for mechanizing the works in sheep/goats breeding and exploitation were installed, in order to raise work productivity, to decrease the costs of production, assuring certain optimal conditions of microclimate, environment protection and assuring the food safety and security of citizens. Before giving the fodders, they had been processed by chopping, grinding, mixing and preparing, operations which determine the raise of alimentary value and palatability of fibrous and gross fodders (fodders from the secondary production, obtained from the cereal crops), the made productive increasing rate was 20-25%, so the expenses beeing justified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the raise of interest for goat milk we have been concerned with the increase of milk production from the goats of Carpathian breed (ecotype of Dobrogea) by crosbreeding with Saanen beed and Anglo-Nubian breed. By crossbreeding with milk breeds it was obtained a substantial improvement of the milk production at the obtained half-bred (F1 Saanen x Carpathian and Anglo- Nubian x Carpathian). The milk production and the lactation period increased at the two lots of half-bred, producing a raise of the total quantity of milk, from 235.21± 6.7 liters, in 214 days of lactation, as it was the average production at the effective of goats of Carpathian breed, at a total average milk production of 286.27 ± 5.2 liters, în 229 days of lactation, at F1 half-breds of Saanen x Carpathian and 297.32± 6.2 liters in 231 days of lactation at the half-breds of Anglo-Nubian x Carpathian. The quality indicators of the milk at goats had a trend of raise to the end of the lactation period at all lots, the average values on the whole lactation period of the main components of the milk, fat and protein at the half-bred goat were bigger comparatively to those from Carpathian breed, with 8.49% at fat and 8.72% at protein at F1goats of Saanen x Carpathian and 6.79% at fat and 6.97% at protein at the F1 goats of Anglo-Nubian x Carpathian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the raise of interest for the lamb meat we planned to optimize the technology of fattening the lambs and to obtain the improvement of the carcasses the use of crossbreeding the local breeds with sheep breeds that are specialized for the meat production. There was done the fattening in system of 100 days, structured in 3 stages: accommodation, effective fattening and finishing. At the fattening of lambs in intensive system in the beginning of the experiment the lots had similar average body weights, and in the end of fattening there are emphasized big differences between the lots of half-breeds: Texel x Merino half-bred lambs had the weight of 39.90±0.69 kg, the lambs of Merino breed 34.35 ±0.56 kg, Blackface x Ţzgaie 40.02 ± 0.86 kg, half-bred lambs of Palas Meat-Breed X Tzgaie 38.08 ± 0.59 kg, lambs of Tzgaie breed 32.24 ± 0.56 kg, half-bred lambs of Suffolk x Tzurcana 37.92 ± 0.55 kg, lambs of Tzurcana 33.12±2.01kg. At the control slaughtering there were obtained bigger values of the slaughter output and the commercial output at the half-bred lams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Recently, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has been pointed to as an active player in neurodegenerative disorders, albeit the actual succession of pathogenic events remains to be elucidated. Amyloid-β (Aβ) is an important pathogenic player in Alzheimer's disease, and it is cleared from the brain partly by transportation across the BBB. In this work we asked the question whether Aβ-induced alteration of tight junction (TJ) protein expression is a result of the complex in situ microenvironment of the BBB or if it can be replicated in an externalized environment, such as an in vitro epithelial barrier, where barrier property changes can be investigated without confounding factors. Therefore, we treated barrier forming MDCKI and II epithelial cells with Aβ42 and investigated TJ occludin and claudin-2 protein levels and cellular distribution through western blot and immunofluorescence. To assess barrier function, we measured transepithelial resistance (TEER) and studied cell polarity through atomic force microscopy (AFM). We found that Aβ42 cell treatment increased occludin expression and decreased claudin-2 expression. With TEER, an increase in paracellular resistance was noted, which started at 10 hours and peaked at 20 hours of Aβ42 treatment. AFM analysis demonstrated an associated morphological alteration of the cell monolayer. In conclusion, we demonstrated that Aβ42 is able to modify TJ protein expression and to functionally alter barrier properties in vitro and that this effect is not conditioned by other pathogenic Alzheimer's disease events taking place in the complex brain microenvironment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The expression of an array of signaling molecules, along with the assessment of real-time cell proliferation, has been performed in U87 glioma cell line and in patients' glioblastoma established cell cultures in order to provide a better understanding of cellular and molecular events involved in glioblastoma pathogenesis. Experimental therapy was performed using a phosphatidylinositol-3'-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor. Patients and methods: xMAP technology was employed to assess expression levels of several signal transduction molecules and real-time xCELLigence platform for cell behavior. Results: PI3K inhibition induced the most significant effects on global signaling pathways in patient-derived cell cultures, especially on members of the mitogen-activated protein-kinase family, P70S6 serine-threonine kinase, and cAMP response element-binding protein expression and further prevented tumor cell proliferation. Conclusion: The PI3K pathway might be a prime target for glioblastoma treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the increasing interest in the world for the kid meat we intend to optimize the technology of fattening the lambs and to obtain the improvement of the carcasses through the use of the industrial crossbreeding of the Carpathian breed with Boer breed. It was done the fattening in intensive system of 100 days, structured in 3 stages: accommodation, proper fattening and finishing; or semi-intensive fattening of 200 days structured in 3 stages: 1st stage - Stable-staying, divided into two periods, accommodation and growing and fattening; 2nd stage - Grazing, divided into accommodation and growing and fattening; 3rd stage - Stable - staying divided into accommodation and finishing. At the fattening of kids in semi-intensive system in the beginning of the experiment the two lots had similar average body weights but in the end of the fattening it is emphasized a difference of the body weight which is bigger with 15% at the lot of Boer x Carpathian crossbred kids besides the lot of Carpathian kids, obtaining bigger dimensions of the carcasses at Boer x Carpathian kids. There were obtained higher values of the slaughtering output at the Boer x Carpathian crossbred kids, besides of those of kids of Carpathian breed. By cutting the carcasses from the goat youth fattened in semi-intensive system, on graze and in stable, at the experimental lots, with Boer x Carpathians crossbreds registered higher slaughtering and commercial outputs comparative to those made by Carpathian kids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The precocious use of sheep and goat male and female youth at reproduction is a method of intensifying the reproduction through which increases the meat production by achieving a higher number of products and also obtaining one more lactation per exploited sheep or goat, reducing the non-productive period of the females; also, by the precocious introduction to reproduction of the young sheep and goats at the age of 7-10 months the non-productive expenses are avoided by maintaining them in the effective for one year more, because even at the age of 20-22 months, when they are normally used for reproduction, they do not have appropriate reproductive qualities. The researches were made on effectives of sheep and goats (on sheep of Merinos de Palas breed, Palas milk breed, Palas meat breed, prolific population of Palas, Ţurcană breed and on goats of Carpathian breed). At the female lambs which were precociously introduced at reproduction, at the age of 7-10 months, the non-returns had values of 81,25-89,47%, the fecundity of 81,25-89,47%, prolificacy of 105,26-115,38%, and at the young female kids the non-returns had values of 79,92- 83,33%, the fecundity of 76,92-83,33%, the prolificacy of 120,0-130,0%. The reproduction indicators of the sheep and goats which were mounted or artificially inseminated with sperm from the males with the age of 7-10 months were: at the young rams, the fecundity was 55,55-91,30% and prolificacy of 100,0-122,22%, and at the young male goats the fecundity was 71,42-91,30% and prolificacy of 107,69-122,22%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The researches were made on intensively fattened kids up to the weight of 40-42 kg from two genetic types: F1 Boer x Carpathian hybrids and Carpathian breed. The hybrids had the bigger dressing percentage with 5,42 percent points comparatively to the Carpathian breed. The carcasses of hybrids (3 from each genotype) had more meat and less bones comparative to the mother breed, the differences being significant. The meat/bones report was 3,8/1 at hybrids beside 3,2/1 at the Carpathian breed. The areas of the leg and Longissimus dorsi muscle sections at hybrids were bigger with 26,1%, respectively 19,1%, comparatively to the Carpathian breed. Also the muscle rate index of the leg had higher values at hybrids than the mother breed, all the differences between genotypes being statistically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mud extracts represent valuable therapeutic adjuvants and therapeutic alternatives to synthetic drugs. Cytotoxicity tests on 13 mud extracts indicated the relatively low-cytotoxic effects of mud extract. Furthermore, we demonstrated that these extracts modulate cytokine release, generating profiles that are characteristic to anti-inflammatory effects/activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CD36, a fatty acid translocator and NRF2, a transcription factor, are two important players in inflammation and oxidative stress, including in the central nervous system. Both were associated with neurodegeneration as tilting arms of a balance: while activation of CD36 participates in neuroinflammation, activation of NRF2 seems to protect against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. This study aimed to establish whether tilting the balance one way or the other, by knocking out either of them (NRF2-/- or CD36-/-), would show that one holds higher weight over the other in the cognitive behaviour of mice. We tested both young and old knockout animals in a long-term testing protocol (over one month), using the 8-arm radial maze,. Young NRF2-/- mice exhibited a sustained anxious-like behaviour, which was not recapitulated in old mice nor CD36 -/- mice of either age. Neither knockout strain exhibited cognitive alterations, although CD36 -/- mice showed some improvement over WT littermates. In conclusion, NRF2-/- seems to affect behaviour of mice early in life, and could be considered a vulnerability factor for neurocognition, while CD36 impact on cognitive protection of the aging brain requires more investigation.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive and lethal malignancies. Despite remarkable progress in understanding pancreatic carcinogenesis at the molecular level, as well as progress in new therapeutic approaches, pancreatic cancer remains a disease with a dismal prognosis. Among the mechanisms responsible for drug resistance, the most relevant are changes in individual genes or signaling pathways and the presence of highly resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs). In pancreatic cancer, CSCs represent 0.2%-0.8% of pancreatic cancer cells and are considered to be responsible for tumor growth, invasion, metastasis and recurrence. CSCs have been extensively studied as of late to identify specific surface markers to ensure reliable sorting and for signaling pathways identified to play a pivotal role in CSC self-renewal. Involvement of CSCs in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis has also highlighted these cells as the preferential targets for therapy. The present review is an update of the results in two main fields of research in pancreatic cancer, pathogenesis and therapy, focused on the narrow perspective of CSCs.

One of the most common problems encountered in a world characterized by demographic ageing is Alzheimer's disease (AD) with an estimated number of 35.6 million people affected in 2010 to 65.7 million in 2030. Under recognition and delayed diagnose create problems for people diagnosed with dementia, for their families and for entirely health system. Although there have been many breakthroughs and new insights into AD etiopathogeny in the last two decades, few steps have been made toward an accurate diagnosis but all steps point into one major direction namely "personalized medicine" that could represent a future perspective for AD patients. Starting with a more accurate diagnosis not of the clinical syndrome, but of underlying molecular defects, that may eventually lead to a personalized, more effective treatment.